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{{Short description|Third prayer of the day in Islam}}
{{Short description|Third prayer of the day in Islam}}
{{Redirect|Fajr}}
{{Redirect|Fajr}}
{{Infobox holiday
|holiday_name = Fajr prayer
|type = Islam
|image = Corse vue depuis Nice 7h10 29 nov 2018.png
|imagesize =
|caption = [[Dawn]] on [[Corsica]]
|official_name = صلاة الفجر، صلاة الصبح، صلاة الغداة
|nickname = Dawn prayer
|observedby = [[Muslim]]s
|longtype = [[Islam]]ic
|significance = A Muslim prayer offered to God at the dawn hour of the morning.
|begins = [[Dawn]]
|ends = [[Sunrise]]
|frequency = Daily
|observances = [[Fajr nafl prayer]] (رغيبة الفجر)
|relatedto = [[Salah]], [[Qunut]], [[Five Pillars of Islam]]
}}
{{Islam}}
{{Islam}}
The '''Fajr prayer''' ({{lang-ar|صلاة الفجر}} ''{{transl|ar|DIN|ṣalāt al-faǧr}}'', "dawn prayer") is one of the five [[Fard|mandatory]] [[salah]] (Islamic prayer). As an Islamic day starts at sunset, the Fajr prayer is technically the third prayer of the day.<ref>[https://abdurrahman.org/2009/09/09/the-islamic-date-hijri-date-starts-after-maghrib/ The Islamic date (Hijri date) starts after Maghrib – Permanent Committee], AbdurRahman website, Published 9 September 2009, Retrieved 23 May 2020</ref>{{Better source needed|date=July 2020}} If counted from midnight, it is the first prayer of the day, the Isha prayer, the previous one in the prayer order, usually isn't after midnight (it depends on the world zone anyway).<ref name="qul.org">[http://www.qul.org.au/prayertimes see 'Glossary'], Retrieved 12 July 2020</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=Reference source has different coloring on five prayers: Asr (https://archive.is/KCDUQ#selection-2543.0-2543.3) and Maghrib (https://archive.is/KCDUQ#selection-2571.0-2571.7) [also Sunrise] are black-colored, and Fajr, Dhuhr and Isha [also Sunset] are blue. See also archived here: https://web.archive.org/web/20200712071825/http://www.qul.org.au/prayertimes.|date=July 2020}}<ref name="quranreading">[http://www.quranreading.com/blog/isha-prayer-significance-benefits/ Significance of Offering The Isha Prayer and Its Benefits], QuranReading website, Published 29 January 2015, Retrieved 14 May 2017</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=Reference source is some blog with many strange advertisements (one at the top blinking etc.), text author name is unknown...|date=July 2020}}
The '''Fajr prayer''' ({{lang-ar|صلاة الفجر}} ''{{transl|ar|DIN|ṣalāt al-faǧr}}'', "dawn prayer") is one of the five [[Fard|mandatory]] [[salah]] (Islamic prayer). As an Islamic day starts at sunset, the Fajr prayer is technically the third prayer of the day.<ref>[https://abdurrahman.org/2009/09/09/the-islamic-date-hijri-date-starts-after-maghrib/ The Islamic date (Hijri date) starts after Maghrib – Permanent Committee], AbdurRahman website, Published 9 September 2009, Retrieved 23 May 2020</ref>{{Better source needed|date=July 2020}} If counted from midnight, it is the first prayer of the day.<ref name="qul.org">[http://www.qul.org.au/prayertimes see 'Glossary'], Retrieved 12 July 2020</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=Reference source has different coloring on five prayers: Asr (https://archive.is/KCDUQ#selection-2543.0-2543.3) and Maghrib (https://archive.is/KCDUQ#selection-2571.0-2571.7) [also Sunrise] are black-colored, and Fajr, Dhuhr and Isha [also Sunset] are blue. See also archived here: https://web.archive.org/web/20200712071825/http://www.qul.org.au/prayertimes.|date=July 2020}}<ref name="quranreading">[http://www.quranreading.com/blog/isha-prayer-significance-benefits/ Significance of Offering The Isha Prayer and Its Benefits], QuranReading website, Published 29 January 2015, Retrieved 14 May 2017</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=Reference source is some blog with many strange advertisements (one at the top blinking etc.), text author name is unknown...|date=July 2020}}


The Fajr prayer is mentioned by name in the [[Quran]] at [[sura]] 24 ([[An-Nur]]) [[ayah]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.usc.edu/org/cmje/religious-texts/quran/verses/024-qmt.php#024.058 |title=Quran 24:58 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818132125/http://www.usc.edu/org/cmje/religious-texts/quran/verses/024-qmt.php#024.058 |archive-date=2016-08-18 |access-date=1 October 2019}}</ref> Inspired by the [[tafsir]] of the two [[hadith]]s that were transmitted on behalf of the [[Prophets of Islam|Islamic prophet]] [[Muhammad]], the worth of the Fajr daily prayer is explained as being [[God in Islam|God's]] most-favoured prayer since others are asleep.
The Fajr prayer is mentioned by name in the [[Quran]] at [[sura]] 24 ([[An-Nur]]) [[ayah]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.usc.edu/org/cmje/religious-texts/quran/verses/024-qmt.php#024.058 |title=Quran 24:58 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818132125/http://www.usc.edu/org/cmje/religious-texts/quran/verses/024-qmt.php#024.058 |archive-date=2016-08-18 |access-date=1 October 2019}}</ref> Inspired by the [[tafsir]] of the two [[hadith]]s that were transmitted on behalf of the [[Prophets of Islam|Islamic prophet]] [[Muhammad]], the worth of the Fajr daily prayer is explained as being [[God in Islam|God's]] most-favoured prayer since others are asleep.
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|-
|-
| [[Balkans]] || [[Serbo-Croatian]] || Sabah-namaz
| [[Balkans]] || [[Serbo-Croatian]] || Sabah-namaz
|-
|-
| [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] || [[Bosnian language|Bosnian]] || Sabah-namaz
|-
|-
| [[Bengal]] || [[Bengali language|Bengali]] || ফজরের নামাজ (Fojor er Namaj)
| [[Bengal]] || [[Bengali language|Bengali]] || ফজরের নামাজ (Fojor er Namaj)
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==Format==
==Format==
The Fajr prayer consists of two ''[[rakat]]'' (prescribed movements). In a congregation, the leader of the prayer (''[[imam]]'') recites aloud. However, two ''[[sunnah]]'' rakaʿāt prior to the two Fard rakaʿāt are highly recommended, and named [[Fajr nafl prayer]] ({{lang-ar|رغيبة الفجر}}).
The Fajr prayer consists of two ''[[rakat]]'' (prescribed movements). In a congregation, the leader of the prayer (''[[imam]]'') recites aloud. However, two ''[[sunnah]]'' rakaʿāt prior to the two Fard rakaʿāt are highly recommended, and named [[Fajr nafl prayer]] ({{lang-ar|رغيبة الفجر}}).


The time period within which the Fajr daily prayer must be offered (with loud recitation of the quran) is from the beginning of dawn<ref>There are differing opinions on what angle to use to calculate dawn. The two popular angles are 15° and 18° below the horizon, yet others use 12°.</ref> to [[sunrise]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://pbctimes.com/prayertimes/salat/fajr-prayers|title=Fajr Prayers - Prayer Times NYC|work=Prayer Times - New York City|access-date=1 October 2019|language=en-US}}</ref>
The time period within which the Fajr daily prayer must be offered (with loud recitation of the quran) is from the beginning of dawn<ref>There are differing opinions on what angle to use to calculate dawn. The two popular angles are 15° and 18° below the horizon, yet others use 12°.</ref> to [[sunrise]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://pbctimes.com/prayertimes/salat/fajr-prayers|title=Fajr Prayers - Prayer Times NYC|work=Prayer Times - New York City|access-date=1 October 2019|language=en-US}}</ref>


==List of hadith mentioning fajr==
==List of hadith mentioning Fajr==
The following quotations regarding Fajr, the Islamic dawn prayer, are from books of [[Sunni]] [[hadith]]. These books relate accounts taken from the life of the Islamic prophet [[Muhammad]], his family, and his companions. They were compiled by Islamic scholars after Muhammad's death. These quotations include information about those who related the accounts, as well as the accounts themselves.
The following quotations regarding Fajr, the Islamic dawn prayer, are from books of [[Sunni]] [[hadith]]. These books relate accounts taken from the life of the Islamic prophet [[Muhammad]], his family, and his companions. They were compiled by Islamic scholars after Muhammad's death. These quotations include information about those who related the accounts, as well as the accounts themselves.


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*Abu Huraira reports that Muhammad said: "Do not leave the two rak'ahs of Fajr, even if you were being attacked by cavalry." This is confirmed by Ahmad, [[Abu Dawood|Abu Dawud]], Al-Bayhaqi and at-Tahawi.{{Citation needed|date=June 2016}}
*Abu Huraira reports that Muhammad said: "Do not leave the two rak'ahs of Fajr, even if you were being attacked by cavalry." This is confirmed by Ahmad, [[Abu Dawood|Abu Dawud]], Al-Bayhaqi and at-Tahawi.{{Citation needed|date=June 2016}}
*Abu Hurairah reported: Muhammad said, "No Salat is more burdensome to the hypocrites than the Fajr (dawn) prayer and the `Isha' (night) prayer; and if they knew their merits, they would come to them even if they had to crawl to do so.''<ref>[https://sunnah.com/mishkat:629 Sahih-Al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim]</ref>
*Abu Hurairah reported: Muhammad said, "No Salat is more burdensome to the hypocrites than the Fajr (dawn) prayer and the `Isha' (night) prayer; and if they knew their merits, they would come to them even if they had to crawl to do so.''<ref>[https://sunnah.com/mishkat:629 Sahih-Al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim]</ref>

==See also==
*[[Fajr nafl prayer]]
*[[Wudu]]
*Other [[salah]]:
**[[Zuhr prayer]] (Mid-day)
**[[Asr prayer]] (Afternoon)
**[[Maghrib prayer]] (Sunset)
**[[Isha prayer]] (Night)
*[[Dhikr]]
*[[Tasbih]]
*[[Shacharit]]
*[[Nafl prayer]]


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Salah]]
[[Category:Salah]]
[[Category:Salah terminology]]
[[Category:Salah terminology]]
[[Category:Morning]]

Revision as of 15:41, 2 April 2021

"Fajr" redirects here. For other uses, see Fajr (disambiguation).
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The Fajr prayer (Arabic: صلاة الفجر ṣalāt al-faǧr, "dawn prayer") is one of the five mandatory salah (Islamic prayer). As an Islamic day starts at sunset, the Fajr prayer is technically the third prayer of the day.[1][better source needed] If counted from midnight, it is the first prayer of the day.[2][better source needed][3][better source needed]

The Fajr prayer is mentioned by name in the Quran at sura 24 (An-Nur) ayah.[4] Inspired by the tafsir of the two hadiths that were transmitted on behalf of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, the worth of the Fajr daily prayer is explained as being God's most-favoured prayer since others are asleep.

During the Muslim holy month of Ramadan the start of Fajr prayer time marks the beginning of the obligatory daily fasting (sawm).

Al-Fajr is also the name of eighty-ninth chapter (sura) of the Qur'an.

The five daily prayers collectively are one pillar of the Five Pillars of Islam, in Sunni Islam, and one of the ten Practices of the Religion (Furū al-Dīn) according to Shia Islam.

Name variations

Region/country Language Main
Arab World Arabic صلاة الفجر
(Ṣalāt al-Fajr/Ṣalāt al-Sobh)
Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan Persian, Dari, Tajik نماز بامداد، نماز صبح
(Namâz-e Sobh/Namâz-e Bâmdâd)
India, Pakistan Urdu, Hindi نمازِ فجر، فجر

फ़ज्र/नमाज़-ए फ़ज्र
(Fajr/ namâz-e-Fajr)

Morocco Tachelhit ⵜⴰⵥⴰⵍⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⵣⵉⴽⴽ (Taẓallit n tinzikk)
ⵜⴰⵥⴰⵍⵍⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵉⵏ (Taẓallit n tifawin)
Kashmir Kashmiri صبحِچ نِماز
Turkey Turkish Sabah namazı
Azerbaijan Azeri Sübh namazı
Albania, Kosovo Albanian Namazi i sabahut, Namaz i mëngjesit
Balkans Serbo-Croatian Sabah-namaz
Bengal Bengali ফজরের নামাজ (Fojor er Namaj)
Nigeria, Niger Hausa Sallar Fajr (Subhi)
Poland Polish Fadżr
Greater Somalia Somali Salaada Fajar, Salaada Subax
Malay Archipelago Indonesian, Malay, Javanese, Sundanese Salat subuh, Solat subuh
Uzbekistan Uzbek Bômdôd namôzi
Iraqi Kurdistan Sorani نوێژی بەیانی
Kazakhstan Kazakh Таң намазы (Tań namazy)

Format

The Fajr prayer consists of two rakat (prescribed movements). In a congregation, the leader of the prayer (imam) recites aloud. However, two sunnah rakaʿāt prior to the two Fard rakaʿāt are highly recommended, and named Fajr nafl prayer (Arabic: رغيبة الفجر).

The time period within which the Fajr daily prayer must be offered (with loud recitation of the quran) is from the beginning of dawn[5] to sunrise.[6]

List of hadith mentioning Fajr

The following quotations regarding Fajr, the Islamic dawn prayer, are from books of Sunni hadith. These books relate accounts taken from the life of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, his family, and his companions. They were compiled by Islamic scholars after Muhammad's death. These quotations include information about those who related the accounts, as well as the accounts themselves.

  • Narrated Aisha: Muhammad never missed four Rakat before the Zuhr prayer and two Rakat before the Fajr prayer.[7]
  • Narrated Abu Huraira: Muhammad said, "If anyone of you can get one Rak'a of the 'Asr prayer before sunset, he should complete his prayer. If any of you can get one Rak'a of the Fajr prayer before sunrise, he should complete his prayer." Sahih al-Bukhari, 1:10:531
  • Narrated 'Umar: "The Prophet forbade praying after the Subuh prayer till the sun rises and after the 'Asr prayer till the sun sets." Sahih al-Bukhari, 1:10:555
  • Abu Hurairah stated that Muhammad had said, "There are angels who take turns in visiting you by night and by day, and they all assemble at the dawn (Subuh) and the afternoon (`Asr) prayers. Those who have spent the night with you, ascend to the heaven and their Rabb (Lord), Who Knows better about them, Asks: 'In what condition did you leave My slaves?' They reply: 'We left them while they were performing Salat and we went to them while they were performing Salat.' " From Al-Bukhari and Muslim.
  • Aisha reported Allah's Messenger as saying: "The two rak'ahs before the dawn (Fajr) are better than this world and what it contains."[8]
  • Ahmad and Muslim record that Aishah said, "I have never seen him (Muhammad) more in haste to do a good deed than he was to perform the two rakahs (Sunnah) before the morning (Fajr prayer)."[citation needed]
  • Abu Huraira reports that Muhammad said: "Do not leave the two rak'ahs of Fajr, even if you were being attacked by cavalry." This is confirmed by Ahmad, Abu Dawud, Al-Bayhaqi and at-Tahawi.[citation needed]
  • Abu Hurairah reported: Muhammad said, "No Salat is more burdensome to the hypocrites than the Fajr (dawn) prayer and the `Isha' (night) prayer; and if they knew their merits, they would come to them even if they had to crawl to do so.[9]

References

  1. ^ The Islamic date (Hijri date) starts after Maghrib – Permanent Committee, AbdurRahman website, Published 9 September 2009, Retrieved 23 May 2020
  2. ^ see 'Glossary', Retrieved 12 July 2020
  3. ^ Significance of Offering The Isha Prayer and Its Benefits, QuranReading website, Published 29 January 2015, Retrieved 14 May 2017
  4. ^ "Quran 24:58". Archived from the original on 2016-08-18. Retrieved 1 October 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  5. ^ There are differing opinions on what angle to use to calculate dawn. The two popular angles are 15° and 18° below the horizon, yet others use 12°.
  6. ^ "Fajr Prayers - Prayer Times NYC". Prayer Times - New York City. Retrieved 1 October 2019.
  7. ^ "Sahih al-Bukhari 2:21:276". Archived from the original on 9 March 2012. Retrieved 1 October 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  8. ^ Sahih Muslim
  9. ^ Sahih-Al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim

Further reading

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fajr_prayer&oldid=1015629431"