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{{Short description|Supertall skyscraper in Central, Hong Kong}}
{{short description| Hong Kong's tallest building with 108 stories}}
{{pp-pc|small=no}}
{{Distinguish|International Commerce Centre}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2013}}
{{For|other skyscrapers with the same name|International finance centre (disambiguation){{!}}International finance centre}}
{{Use Hong Kong English|date=March 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}}
{{Infobox building
{{Infobox building
| name = Two International Finance Centre
| name = International Commerce Centre <br> 環球貿易廣場
| native_name = {{lang|zh-hk|國際金融中心2 期}}
| image = International Commerce Centre 201008.jpg
| location = 1 [[Austin Road|Austin Road West]],<br/> [[West Kowloon]],<br/>[[Tsim Sha Tsui]], [[Hong Kong]]
| image = IFC, Hong Kong Island (2796343561)(cropped).jpg
| image_size = 250px
| opening = {{Start date and age|2011}}
| start_date = {{Start date and age|2002|07|24|df=y}}
| caption = International Finance Centre
| completion_date = {{End date and age|2010|05|03|df=y}}
| location = 8 Finance Street<br/>[[Central, Hong Kong]]
| building_type = Hotel, observation, office, dining, shopping, parking
| coordinates = {{coord|22|17|6|N|114|9|33|E|region:HK|display=inline,title}}
| map_type = Hong Kong
| tip = {{cvt|490|m}}
| status = {{Color|green|Completed}}
| architectural = {{cvt|484|m}}
| roof = {{cvt|484|m}}
| start_date = {{Start date and age|1996}} (International Finance Centre 1)<br/>{{Start date and age|2000}} (Two International Finance Centre)
| completion_date = {{End date and age|1998}}
| top_floor = {{cvt|476|m}}
| observatory = {{cvt|393|m}}, [[Sky100]]
| opening = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1998|7|6}} (One International Finance Centre)<br/>{{Start date and age|df=yes|2003|10|18}} (Two International Finance Centre)
| floor_area = {{cvt|274,064|sqm}}
| building_type = Commercial offices
| architectural = {{convert|415|m|ft|1|abbr=on}}
| floor_count = 108
| elevator_count = 84 <ref>{{cite web | url=https://shkp-icc.com/eng/main/building/icc-zoning.html | title=International Commerce Centre }}</ref>
| tip = {{convert|415.4|m|ft|1|abbr=on}}
| architect = [[Kohn Pederson Fox|Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates]] (design)<br>Belt Collins & Associates (landscape)<br>[[Wong & Ouyang|Wong & Ouyang (HK) Ltd.]]
| roof = {{convert|407|m|ft|1|abbr=on}}
| structural_engineer = [[Arup Group|Arup]]
| top_floor = {{convert|387.6|m|ft|1|abbr=on}}
| main_contractor = [[Sanfield (Management) Limited|Sanfield Building Contractors Limited]]
| floor_count = 88 above ground level,<br />6 basement floors
| developer = [[Sun Hung Kai Properties]]
| elevator_count = 62
| cost =
| management = Kai Shing Management Services Limited}}
| floor_area = {{convert|185805|m2|sqft|0|abbr=on}}
| architect = [[César Pelli|César Pelli & Association Architects]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hld.com/en/propertieshk/ifc.shtml |title=International Finance Centre, Basic Information}}</ref>
{{Infobox|child = yes
| label2 = Executive Architect (Cladding)
| data2 = Adamson Associates Architects
}}
| structural_engineer = [[Arup Group|Ove Arup & Partners]]
| main_contractor = E Man-[[Sanfield (Management) Limited|Sanfield]] Joint Venture
| logo = International Finance Centre (Hong Kong) (logo).png
| developer = [[Sun Hung Kai Properties]], [[Henderson Land Development|Henderson Land]] and [[The Hong Kong and China Gas Company Limited|Towngas]]
| owner =
| management =
| references = <ref>{{CTBUH|205|Two International Finance Centre|1 May 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.emporis.com/buildings/100614 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304125508/https://www.emporis.com/buildings/100614 |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 March 2016 |title=Two International Finance Centre |work=[[Emporis]] |access-date=14 November 2012}}</ref><ref>{{SkyscraperPage|11|Two International Finance Centre|21 February 2008}}</ref><ref>{{Structurae|20004822|Two International Finance Centre|14 November 2012}}</ref>
}}
{{Chinese
| pic =
| t = 國際金融中心
| s = 国际金融中心
| showflag = y
| y = Gwokjai Gāmyùhng Jūngsām
| ci = {{IPAc-yue|gw|ok|3|.|z|ai|3|-|g|am|1|.|j|ung|4|-|z|ung|1|.|s|am|1}}
| j = Gwok3zai3 Gam1jung4 Zung1sam1
| p = Guójì jīnróng zhōngxīn
}}


The '''International Commerce Centre''' is a 108-story, {{cvt|484|m}} [[supertall skyscraper]], on top of ''[[Elements, Hong Kong|Elements]]'', and near [[Kowloon station (MTR)|Kowloon station]] in [[Tsim Sha Tsui]], [[Hong Kong]]. The official height is {{cvt|490|m}}, which made by the {{cvt|6|m}} tall [[parapet|parapets]] on the roof. It is [[List of tallest buildings|the world's 13th tallest by height]], [[List of buildings with 100 floors or more|10th tallest by number of floors]], also [[List of tallest buildings in Hong Kong|Hong Kong's tallest]] and the only building with over 100 stories. <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/international-commerce-centre/137 | title=International Commerce Centre - the Skyscraper Center }}</ref><ref>https://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=12 {{bare URL inline|date=April 2023}}</ref> It was the world's 4th tallest and 3rd in [[Asia]] when completed in 2010.
The '''International Finance Centre''' (abbreviated as '''ifc''') is a skyscraper and integrated commercial development on the [[Victoria Harbour|waterfront]] of [[Hong Kong]]'s [[Central and Western District|Central District]].


The south side of the building faces the natural landform, ''[[Victoria Harbour|Victoria Harbor]]'', and directly opposite Hong Kong's 2nd tallest building, ''Two International Finance Centre''.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://ifc.com.hk/en/office/one-two-ifc/ | title=One & Two ifc &#124; International Finance Centre, Hong Kong }}</ref>
A prominent landmark on [[Hong Kong Island]], ifc consists of two skyscrapers (One and Two ifc), the ifc mall, and the 55-storey [[Four Seasons Hotel Hong Kong]]. Tower 2 is the second-[[tallest building in Hong Kong]] at a height of 415 m, behind the [[International Commerce Centre]] in [[West Kowloon]], and the [[List of tallest buildings|38th-tallest building in the world.]] It is the fourth-tallest building in the [[Greater China|Greater China region]] and the eighth-tallest office building in the world, based on [[structural height]]s; it is of similar height to the former [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)|World Trade Center]]. The [[Airport Express (MTR)|Airport Express]] [[Hong Kong station]] is directly beneath it, with subway lines to [[Hong Kong International Airport]].


==Development==
ifc was constructed and is owned by IFC Development, a consortium of [[Sun Hung Kai Properties]], [[Henderson Land Development|Henderson Land]] and [[The Hong Kong and China Gas Company|Towngas]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scmp.com/portal/site/SCMP/menuitem.2af62ecb329d3d7733492d9253a0a0a0/?vgnextoid=b181fb41463af110VgnVCM100000360a0a0aRCRD&ss=Hong+Kong&s=News |title=IFC owner opposes plan for neighbours |access-date=3 March 2009 |work=SCMP |date=24 February 2009}}</ref>
''[[MTR Corporation|MTR Corporation Limited]]'' and ''Sun Hung Kai Properties'', Hong Kong's [[rapid transit|metro]] operator and largest property developer, were responsible for development of this building. Its current name was officially announced in 2005, instead of ''[[Union Square (Hong Kong)|Union Square Phase 7]]''.


Construction started on reclaimed land in 2002, and halted on September 13, 2009, due to a lift shaft accident that killed 6 workers. <ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/8253148.stm | title=Six die in HK lift shaft plunge | date=13 September 2009 }}</ref> It was completed in phases from 2007 to 2010, and opened in 2011, with ''The Ritz-Carlton'' opening in late March and ''Sky100'' in early April.
In 2003, ''[[Financial Times]]'', [[HSBC]], and [[Cathay Pacific]] put up an advertisement on the facade that stretched more than 50 [[storeys]], covering an area of 19,000 m<sup>2</sup> (200,000 square ft) and a length of 230 m, making it the world's largest advertisement ever put on a skyscraper.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vertigo.net.au/portfolio/worlds-largest-outdoor-advert/ |title=Vertigo World's Largest Outdoor Advert |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120712205031/http://www.vertigo.net.au/portfolio/worlds-largest-outdoor-advert/ |archive-date=12 July 2012 }}</ref>


The tower was designed by the American architectural firm ''[[Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates]] (KPF)'' in association with ''[[Wong & Ouyang]]'', and designed to be {{cvt|574|m}} with 102 floors. One of the reasons to the current height is [[Airway (aviation)|airways]].
==History==
Tower 1 is also known as 1IFC and branded in lowercase letters, as "''One ifc''". Likewise, Tower 2 is also known as 2IFC and branded as "''Two ifc''".<ref>[http://www.ifc.com.hk/en/office/overview.html ifc site: "One and Two ifc"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120510043945/http://ifc.com.hk/en/office/overview.html |date=10 May 2012 }}</ref>


==Floor count==
1IFC opened in December 1998, towards the end of the [[1997 Asian financial crisis|Asian financial crisis]]. Tenants included [[ING Group|ING Bank]], [[Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation|Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corp]], [[Fidelity International]], the [[Mandatory Provident Fund|Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Authority]]<ref name="ifc2"/> and the [[Financial Times]].<ref name="shk"/>
The top floor is numbered 118. Due to the number "4", meaning to unlucky in [[Cantonese]], and [[tetraphobia]] to buildings, is quite common in Hong Kong. (''Two International Finance Centre'', ''[[Nina Tower]]'' and [[private housing estates in Hong Kong|private housing estate]], as examples); plus, "missing level" makes the levels "be higher"! (Example: the top floor of ''[[The Cullinan]]'' is "93", in fact, 68). Except for level 3, 103 and 113, levels with "3" in the last digit were also skipped, and level 5, 6, 7, 26, 28, 29 & 105 missing as well for unknown reason.


They are currently replaced by levels with letter "M" and "R", which stand for ''"Mechanical"'' and ''"Refuge"''. Although the levels missing, it still shows on the elevator's screen of ''Sky100'' and ''Skydining 101'' while going up and down.
The [[Hong Kong Monetary Authority]] purchased 14 floors in 2IFC;<ref name="shk">{{cite news |last=Lau |first=Eli |title=SHKP net profit tipped to drop 24.6pc |date=22 September 2003 |work=The Standard |url=http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=&art_id=28008&sid=&con_type=1&d_str=20030922&sear_year=2003 |access-date=27 March 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071124082845/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=&art_id=28008&sid=&con_type=1&d_str=20030922&sear_year=2003 |archive-date=24 November 2007 }}</ref> the [[Hong Kong Mortgage Corporation]] signed a 12-year lease on {{convert|24000|sqft|m2|-2|adj=on}};<ref name="hkmc">{{cite news |last=Tong |first=Sebastian |title=HKMC 'to pay $90m' for lease at Two IFC |date=7 April 2003 |work=The Standard |url=http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=&art_id=15903&sid=&con_type=1&d_str=20030407&sear_year=2003 |access-date=27 March 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521090819/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=&art_id=15903&sid=&con_type=1&d_str=20030407&sear_year=2003 |archive-date=21 May 2008 }}</ref> [[Nomura Holdings|Nomura Group]] agreed to take {{convert|60000|sqft|m2|-2|abbr=on}} at 2 IFC; the [[Financial Times]], an existing tenant at One IFC, took {{convert|10000|sqft|m2|-2|abbr=on}}.<ref name="shk"/> [[Ernst & Young]] took six floors (from the 11th to 18th floors), or about {{convert|180000|sqft|m2|-2}}, in 2IFC, to become the biggest tenant.<ref>{{cite news |last=Wang |first=Raymond |title=Interest grows in mega project |date=13 November 2003 |work=The Standard |url=http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=&art_id=31544&sid=&con_type=1&d_str=20031113&sear_year=2003 |access-date=27 March 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521090840/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=&art_id=31544&sid=&con_type=1&d_str=20031113&sear_year=2003 |archive-date=21 May 2008 }}</ref>


2IFC, which was completed at the height of the [[Severe acute respiratory syndrome|SARS]] epidemic,<ref name="ifc2">{{cite news |author=Bloomberg |title=Tenanting tallest tower looks likely to be a tall order |date=18 June 2003 |work=The Standard |url=http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=&art_id=21885&sid=&con_type=1&d_str=20030618&sear_year=2003 |access-date=23 March 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521090824/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=&art_id=21885&sid=&con_type=1&d_str=20030618&sear_year=2003 |archive-date=21 May 2008 }}</ref> was initially available to rent at HK$25-HK$35 per square foot.<ref name="optim">{{cite news |first=Keith |last=Wallis |title=2IFC optimism |date=22 October 2003 |work=The Standard |url=http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=&art_id=30087&sid=&con_type=1&d_str=20031022&sear_year=2003 |access-date=23 March 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521090835/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=&art_id=30087&sid=&con_type=1&d_str=20031022&sear_year=2003 |archive-date=21 May 2008 }}</ref> In 2007, as the economy has improved, high quality ("''Grade A''") office space is highly sought after; rents for current leases are $150 per square foot as of March 2007.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hong Kong's IFC gets $242&nbsp;billion loan |work=International Herald Tribune |last=Kuo |first=Patricia |date=11 March 2007 |access-date=24 March 2007 |url=http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/03/11/bloomberg/sxifc.php}}</ref>


28 floors were skipped: 4, 5, 6, 7, 13, 14, 23, 24, 26, 28, 29, 33, 34, 43, 44, 53, 54, 63, 64, 73, 74, 83, 84, 93, 94, 104, 105, 114
==One International Finance Centre==
One International Finance Centre was opened on 6 July 1998. It is {{convert|688|ft}} tall,<ref>[http://www.skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=2735 1 International Finance Centre], Skyscraperpage.com</ref> has 39 stories and four trading floors, 18 high speed passenger lifts in 4 zones, and comprises {{convert|784000|ft2}}. Completed in 2004, has a similar design and appearance with the “Two IFC”. The building currently accommodates approximately 5,000 people.


18 floors were added: UG, M1-1, M1-2, M1-3, M1-5, R1, R2, M2-1, M2-2, R3, M3-1, M3-2, R4, M4-1, M4-2, M4-3, M5, M6
Current office tenants include Ballie Gifford,<ref>{{Cite web |title=One IFC {{!}} Office For Rent in Central — CBD OFFICE RENTAL {{!}} HONG KONG (2022-23) |url=https://www.cbdofficehk.com/ifc |access-date=20 September 2022 |website=CBD OFFICE RENTAL {{!}} HONG KONG |language=en-US}}</ref> Bank of Singapore, China Development Bank, China Orient Asset Management, CICC, Industrial Bank, Julius Baer, Macquarie, Prudential and Sumitomo Mitsui Banking.


{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
==Two International Finance Centre==
|-align=center
Two International Finance Centre, completed on 18 October 2003, is attached to the second phase of the ifc mall. This {{convert|415|m|ft|adj=mid|-tall}} building, currently Hong Kong's second tallest, is quoted as having 88 storeys and 22 high-ceiling trading floors to qualify as being extremely auspicious [[Numbers in Chinese culture|in Cantonese culture]]. It is, however, short of the magic number, because "taboo floors" like 14th and 24th are omitted as being inauspicious&nbsp;– in [[Cantonese]] and [[Mandarin Chinese]], "4" is pronounced similarly to "death" .
! Level
! Real level
! Type
|-align=center
| 118
| 108
| The Ritz-Carlton (Ozone bar, swimming pool & fitness center)
|-align=center
| M6
| 107
| Mechanical
|-align=center
| 117
| 106
| The Ritz-Carlton (presidential suite)
|-align=center
| 116
| 105
| The Ritz-Carlton (spa & club lounge)
|-align=center
| 115
| 104
|rowspan=9| The Ritz-Carlton (guest rooms)
|-align=center
| 113
| 103
|-align=center
| 112
| 102
|-align=center
| 111
| 101
|-align=center
| 110
| 100
|-align=center
| 109
| 99
|-align=center
| 108
| 98
|-align=center
| 107
| 97
|-align=center
| 106
| 96
|-align=center
| M5
| 95
| Mechanical
|-align=center
| 103
| 94
| The Ritz-Carlton (reception lobby & Café 103)
|-align=center
| 102
| 93
| The Ritz-Carlton (dining)
|-align=center
| M4-3
| 92
| The Ritz-Carlton (for employees) / Mechanical
|-align=center
| M4-2
| 91
|rowspan=2|Mechanical
|-align=center
| M4-1
| 90
|-align=center
| R4
| 89
| Refuge
|-align=center
| 101
| 88
| Skydining 101
|-align=center
| 100
| 87
| Sky100, Café 100
|-align=center
| 99
| 86
| rowspan=3|[[Credit Suisse]]
|-align=center
| 98
| 85
|-align=center
| 97
| 84
|-align=center
| 96
| 83
| Office
|-align=center
| 95
| 82
| rowspan=7|[[Credit Suisse]]
|-align=center
| 92
| 81
|-align=center
| 91
| 80
|-align=center
| 90
| 79
|-align=center
| 89
| 78
|-align=center
| 88
| 77
|-align=center
| 87
| 76
|-align=center
| 86
| 75
| rowspan=3| [[IWG plc]]
|-align=center
| 85
| 74
|-align=center
| 82
| 73
|-align=center
| 81
| 72
| rowspan=4| Office
|-align=center
| 80
| 71
|-align=center
| 79
| 70
|-align=center
| 78
| 69
|-align=center
| M3-2
| 68
| rowspan=2|Mechanical
|-align=center
| M3-1
| 67
|-align=center
| R3
| 66
| Refuge
|-align=center
| 77
| 65
| rowspan=12| Office
|-align=center
| 76
| 64
|-align=center
| 75
| 63
|-align=center
| 72
| 62
|-align=center
| 71
| 61
|-align=center
| 70
| 60
|-align=center
| 69
| 59
|-align=center
| 68
| 58
|-align=center
| 67
| 57
|-align=center
| 66
| 56
|-align=center
| 65
| 55
|-align=center
| 62
| 54
|-align=center
| 61
| 53
| rowspan=9| [[Deutsche Bank]]
|-align=center
| 60
| 52
|-align=center
| 59
| 51
|-align=center
| 58
| 50
|-align=center
| 57
| 49
|-align=center
| 56
| 48
|-align=center
| 55
| 47
|-align=center
| 52
| 46
|-align=center
| 51
| 45
|-align=center
| 50
| 44
| Office
|-align=center
| 49
| 43
| rowspan=2|[[Sky lobby]]
|-align=center
| 48
| 42
|-align=center
| M2-2
| 41
| rowspan=2|Mechanical
|-align=center
| M2-1
| 40
|-align=center
| R2
| 39
| Refuge
|-align=center
| 47
| 38
|rowspan=14|[[Morgan Stanley]]
|-align=center
| 46
| 37
|-align=center
| 45
| 36
|-align=center
| 42
| 35
|-align=center
| 41
| 34
|-align=center
| 40
| 33
|-align=center
| 39
| 32
|-align=center
| 38
| 31
|-align=center
| 37
| 30
|-align=center
| 36
| 29
|-align=center
| 35
| 28
|-align=center
| 32
| 27
|-align=center
| 31
| 26
|-align=center
| 30
| 25
|-align=center
| 27
| 24
|rowspan=4|Office
|-align=center
| 25
| 23
|-align=center
| 22
| 22
|-align=center
| 21
| 21
|-align=center
| 20
| 20
| SPACE (fitness center)
|-align=center
| 19
| 19
|rowspan=6|Office
|-align=center
| 18
| 18
|-align=center
| 17
| 17
|-align=center
| 16
| 16
|-align=center
| 15
| 15
|-align=center
| 12
| 14
|-align=center
| R1
| 13
| Refuge
|-align=center
| M1-5
| 12
| rowspan=4|Mechanical
|-align=center
| M1-3
| 11
|-align=center
| M1-2
| 10
|-align=center
| M1-1
| 9
|-align=center
| 11
| 8
|rowspan=2|Office
|-align=center
| 10
| 7
|-align=center
| 9
| 6
| rowspan=2|The Ritz-Carlton (entrance), office lobby
|-align=center
| 8
| 5
|-align=center
| 3
| 4
| The Ritz-Carlton (ballroom), lobbies (office & Skydining 101)
|-align=center
| 2
| 3
| Sky100 (entrance), Elements, skyway to WKCD
|-align=center
| 1
| 2
| Sky100 (tickets), pick up & drop-off
|-align=center
| UG
| 1
| Transfer lobby
|-align=center
| G
| G
| Entrance (Nga Cheung Road), loading dock, parking
|-align=center
| B1
| B1
| rowspan=4| Parking
|-align=center
| B2
| B2
|-align=center
| B3
| B3
|-align=center
| B4
| B4
|-align=center
|}


==Floor directory==
The highrise is designed to accommodate financial institutions. For example, the [[Hong Kong Monetary Authority]] (HKMA) is located at the 55th floor. It is equipped with advanced telecommunications, raised floors for flexible cabling management, and nearly column-free floor plans. The building expects to accommodate up to 15,000 people. It is one of relatively few buildings in the world equipped with [[double-deck elevator]]s.
It takes 68 seconds to [[List of public observation decks|the world's 14th highest observation deck]], ''[[Sky100]]'', from the lobby on level 2; along with ''[[Elements, Hong Kong|Elements]]'', and the [[skyway]] (behind the main entrance of ''Sky100'') to ''[[West Kowloon Cultural District]]'' (WKCD). <ref>{{cite web | url=https://sky100.com.hk/en/more/plan-your-visit/hong-kong-tourist-attractions/ | title=Hong Kong Tourist Attractions &#124; sky100 Hong Kong Observation Deck }}</ref>


''"Skydining"'' in Asian and Western style, including ''Inakaya, Odyssée, Perla, The Sky Boss'' and ''The Kitin'', sits on supertall level 101 at an elevation of {{cvt|399|m}}.
The 55th, 56th, and the 77th to 88th floors were bought by the HKMA for HK$3.7 billion in 2001.<ref name="hkmc"/> An exhibition area, currently containing an exhibit of Hong Kong's monetary history, and a library of the Hong Kong Monetary Authority Information Centre occupy the 55th floor, and are open to the public during office hours.<ref>{{cite news |title=HKMA Information Centre |publisher=Hong Kong Monetary Authority |url=http://www.info.gov.hk/hkma/eng/info_centre/index.htm |access-date=27 March 2007}}</ref>


''[[The Ritz-Carlton, Hong Kong]]'' occupies level 3, 8, 9 and the top 17 floors (M4-3 to 118), offering 312 rooms as well as the world's highest bar, fitness center and swimming pool set on the top floor.
Despite common practice for owners to allow naming buildings after its important tenants, the owners decided not to allow renaming of the building.<ref>Danny Chung, [http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=48&art_id=21303&sid=8499962&con_type=1&d_str=20060623&sear_year=2006 Name of the game is signage rights] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521090912/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=48&art_id=21303&sid=8499962&con_type=1&d_str=20060623&sear_year=2006 |date=21 May 2008 }}, ''[[The Standard (Hong Kong)|The Standard]]'', 23 June 2006</ref>


The office floors are located on level 10 to 99, including a mechanical floor and refuge level; in which, the sky lobbies set on level 48 and 49, and the fitness center ''"SPACE"'' on level 20. <ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.icc-space.com.hk/space/Login.do | title=Icc Space }}</ref> ''[[Credit Suisse]]'', ''[[Morgan Stanley]]'' and ''[[Deutsche Bank]]'' have become anchor tenants of ICC's offices since 2008.
Current office tenants include Banco Santander, Baring Private Equity Asia, BGC Partners, Blackstone Group, BNP Paribas, China Universal Asset Management, Citadel, Coatue Management, DST Advisors, E Fund Management, Hillhouse Capital, Hony Capital, Investec Asset Management, Jefferies, Lazard, Lexington Partners, Millennium Management, Nomura, Sidley Austin LLP, Silver Lake, UBS and Warburg Pincus.<ref>[https://www.savviprop.com/ifc Two IFC Tenants]</ref>


==Four Seasons Hotel Hong Kong==
==The ICC Light and Music Show==
The LED [[Laser lighting display|light show]] set a new ''[[Guinness World Records]]'' for the “largest light and sound show on a single building” using a total of 50,000 m<sup>2</sup> on two facades of the ICC.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://en.tripadvisor.com.hk/Attraction_Review-g294217-d5040003-Reviews-ICC_Light_and_Music_Show-Hong_Kong.html | title=ICC Light and Music Show (Hong Kong) - All You Need to Know BEFORE You Go }}</ref>
{{Main|Four Seasons Hotel Hong Kong}}


The Show is designed by the lighting design supervisor, ''Hirohito Totsune'',<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/technology/article/1217545/hirohito-totsune-lights-icc | title=Hirohito Totsune lights up the ICC | date=19 April 2013 }}</ref> who already designed the lighting system of the ''[[Tokyo Skytree]]''. <ref>{{cite web | url=https://panasonic.net/electricworks/lighting/case/skytree/index.html | title=TOKYO SKYTREE® (Japan) &#124; Case Study &#124; lighting &#124; Electric Works &#124; Business &#124; Panasonic Global }}</ref>
The '''Four Seasons Hotel''' is a luxury hotel that was built near the ifc One and Two. It was completed and opened in October 2005. The 206&nbsp;m (674&nbsp;ft), 60-storey oceanfront hotel is the only ''[[Four Seasons Hotel]]'' in Hong Kong. The hotel has 399 guest suites, and 519 serviced apartments. Amenities include a French restaurant [[Caprice (restaurant)|Caprice]] and spa.<ref>Ann Collier, [http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=&art_id=9452&sid=&con_type=1&d_str=20050613&sear_year=2005 Room at the top for elite] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521090854/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=&art_id=9452&sid=&con_type=1&d_str=20050613&sear_year=2005 |date=21 May 2008 }}, ''[[The Standard (Hong Kong)|The Standard]]'', Monday, 13 June 2005</ref>


It creates a theme and story line by using lights and music elements, similar to ''"[[A Symphony of Lights]]"'' in ''[[Victoria Harbour|Victoria Harbor]]''.
==IFC Mall==
The IFC Mall is an {{convert|74,000|sqm|sqft}}, 4-storey [[luxury goods|luxury]] [[shopping mall]], with many luxury retail brands and a wide variety of restaurants. Anchored by [[Lane Crawford]], [[List of cinemas in Hong Kong|PALACE Cinema (part of Broadway Circuit)]], and [[Citysuper|C!ty'super]], the first official [[Apple Store]] was also located in this mall (a 3-storey flagship store in Hong Kong). In May 2018, the first [[Shake Shack]] restaurant in Hong Kong was opened in the mall.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timeout.com/hong-kong/news/its-official-we-have-the-opening-date-of-shake-shack-042618|title=It's official: we have the opening date of Shake Shack!|website=Time Out Hong Kong|language=en|access-date=26 March 2020}}</ref>


==Transportation (daily)==
==Cultural impact==
The IFC towers have been featured in several Hollywood films, including ''[[Lara Croft: Tomb Raider – The Cradle of Life]]'', where Lara Croft leaps off the then-under-construction 2 International Finance Centre, landing on a ship out in the Kowloon Bay, ''[[The Dark Knight (film)|The Dark Knight]]'', where Batman leapt from 2 IFC to 1 IFC, and Godzilla vs Kong, where an action scene then takes place.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Pulver |first1=Andrew |title=Top 10 films set in Hong Kong |url=https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2012/jul/04/top-10-films-hong-kong |website=[[The Guardian]] |date=4 July 2012 |access-date=27 October 2015}}</ref>


'''All-day:'''
==See also==

{{Portal|Hong Kong|Architecture}}
''[[Mass Transit Railway]]'' '''(MTR)''': {{rcb|MTR|Airport Express|croute}} {{rcb|MTR|Tung Chung|croute}} at [[Kowloon station (MTR)|Kowloon station]] '''/''' {{rcb|MTR|Tuen Ma|croute}} at [[Austin station (MTR)|Austin station]] '''/''' [[Guangzhou–Shenzhen–Hong Kong Express Rail Link|Hong Kong High-speed rail]] at [[Hong Kong West Kowloon station]]

''[[Kowloon Motor Bus]]'' '''(KMB)''': 8, 11, 36B, 42A, 46, 60X, 63X, 69X, 81, 95, 203E, 215X, 260X, 268X, 269B, 271, 280X, 281A, 296D, ''{{red|904}}, {{red|905}}, {{red|914}},'' 960, 961, 968, 978, W2, W3

''[[Citybus (Hong Kong)|City Bus]]'' '''(CTB)''': ''{{red|904}}, {{red|905}}, {{red|914}},'' 930, 930X, 952, 962X, 969, 970, 970X, 971, 973, A11, A12, A22, E11 (E11A), E23 (E23A)

''[[Public light bus]]'' '''(minibus)''': 74, 74S, 77M, 78

'''''(Routes {{red|in red}} refers to "jointly operated"!)'''''


'''Overnight:'''

''[[Citybus (Hong Kong)|City Bus]]'' '''(CTB)''': N11, N23 ''([[Tsz Wan Shan]] direction)'', N930, N952, N962, N969, NA11, NA12

==Gallery==
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px">
Image:Union square.svg|A simplified map of [[Union Square (Hong Kong)|Union Square]] showing the location of the International Commerce Centre
File:International Commerce Centre 201008.jpg|Tower in August 2010
File:International Commerce Centre Lift Lobby Overview 2008.jpg|Office lobby in November 2008
File:International Commerce Centre Lift Lobby Overview1.jpg|Office lobby void in November 2008
File:Elements Access to International Commerce Centre 2013.jpg|Access from [[Elements, Hong Kong|Elements]] shopping mall in August 2013
File:The Cullinan.jpg|Residential complex [[The Cullinan]] and [[W Hong Kong]] hotel are located alongside the ICC. Taken in April 2007.
File:International Commerce Centre 7484.jpg|Viewed from [[Victoria Peak]], with the [[Yau Ma Tei Typhoon Shelter]] visible.
</gallery>

== See also ==
* [[List of tallest buildings in Hong Kong]]
* [[List of tallest buildings in Hong Kong]]
* [[List of buildings and structures in Hong Kong]]
* [[List of tallest buildings in China]]
* [[List of tallest buildings]]
* [[List of tallest buildings]]
{{Portal bar|Hong Kong|Architecture}}
* [[Shanghai IFC]], sister project located in [[Shanghai]]
* [[Salesforce Tower]], similar building in [[San Francisco]]
* [[30 Hudson Street]], similar building in [[Jersey City]]

{{Clear}}


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist|33em}}


==External links==
== External links ==
{{Commons category|International Finance Centre}}
{{Commons category|International Commerce Centre}}
* {{Official website|http://www.ifc.com.hk}}
* {{official website|http://www.shkp-icc.com/}}
* [http://www.building.com.hk/feature/2011_0517icc.pdf Article about the International Commerce Centre] in ''Building Journal'', April 2011.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090304062348/http://www.hku.hk/bse/bbse2001/gallery/ifc2-37.jpg Elevator Layout]
* [http://www.elementshk.com/ Elements shopping mall official website]
* {{Osmrelation|3826645}}
* [[Wong & Ouyang (HK) Ltd.]], [http://www.building.hk/comprofile/20100118wongouyang.pdf "More than half-a-century of architectural design experience in Hong Kong"], section "International Commerce Centre and The Cullinan", pp.&nbsp;31–33, September 2009
* {{CTBUH|complex=yes}}
* {{Cite web |url=https://www.emporis.com/complex/100563 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212205322/https://www.emporis.com/complex/100563 |url-status=dead |archive-date=12 December 2019 |title=Emporis building complex ID 100563 |work=[[Emporis]]}}


{{Central, Hong Kong}}
{{Buildings in Hong Kong timeline}}
{{Buildings in Hong Kong timeline}}
{{Hong Kong Skyscrapers}}
{{Hong Kong Skyscrapers}}
{{Shopping centres in Hong Kong}}
{{Supertall skyscrapers | current}}
{{Supertall skyscrapers | current}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:1999 establishments in Hong Kong]]
[[Category:2010 establishments in Hong Kong]]
[[Category:Central, Hong Kong]]
[[Category:Office buildings completed in 2010]]
[[Category:César Pelli buildings]]
[[Category:Commercial buildings completed in 2011]]
[[Category:Commercial buildings completed in 1999]]
[[Category:Kohn Pedersen Fox buildings]]
[[Category:Henderson Land Development]]
[[Category:MTR Corporation]]
[[Category:Landmarks in Hong Kong]]
[[Category:Office buildings completed in 2003]]
[[Category:Shopping centres in Hong Kong]]
[[Category:Skyscraper office buildings in Hong Kong]]
[[Category:Skyscraper office buildings in Hong Kong]]
[[Category:Sun Hung Kai Properties]]
[[Category:Sun Hung Kai Properties]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Hong Kong]]
[[Category:Union Square (Hong Kong)]]
[[Category:West Kowloon]]

Revision as of 06:31, 11 August 2023

International Commerce Centre
環球貿易廣場
Map
General information
TypeHotel, observation, office, dining, shopping, parking
Location1 Austin Road West,
West Kowloon,
Tsim Sha Tsui, Hong Kong
Construction started24 July 2002; 21 years ago (2002-07-24)
Completed3 May 2010; 14 years ago (2010-05-03)
Opening2011; 13 years ago (2011)
ManagementKai Shing Management Services Limited
Height
Architectural484 m (1,588 ft)
Tip490 m (1,610 ft)
Roof484 m (1,588 ft)
Top floor476 m (1,562 ft)
Observatory393 m (1,289 ft), Sky100
Technical details
Floor count108
Floor area274,064 m2 (2,950,000 sq ft)
Lifts/elevators84 [1]
Design and construction
Architect(s)Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates (design)
Belt Collins & Associates (landscape)
Wong & Ouyang (HK) Ltd.
DeveloperSun Hung Kai Properties
Structural engineerArup
Main contractorSanfield Building Contractors Limited

The International Commerce Centre is a 108-story, 484 m (1,588 ft) supertall skyscraper, on top of Elements, and near Kowloon station in Tsim Sha Tsui, Hong Kong. The official height is 490 m (1,610 ft), which made by the 6 m (20 ft) tall parapets on the roof. It is the world's 13th tallest by height, 10th tallest by number of floors, also Hong Kong's tallest and the only building with over 100 stories. [2][3] It was the world's 4th tallest and 3rd in Asia when completed in 2010.

The south side of the building faces the natural landform, Victoria Harbor, and directly opposite Hong Kong's 2nd tallest building, Two International Finance Centre.[4]

Development

MTR Corporation Limited and Sun Hung Kai Properties, Hong Kong's metro operator and largest property developer, were responsible for development of this building. Its current name was officially announced in 2005, instead of Union Square Phase 7.

Construction started on reclaimed land in 2002, and halted on September 13, 2009, due to a lift shaft accident that killed 6 workers. [5] It was completed in phases from 2007 to 2010, and opened in 2011, with The Ritz-Carlton opening in late March and Sky100 in early April.

The tower was designed by the American architectural firm Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates (KPF) in association with Wong & Ouyang, and designed to be 574 m (1,883 ft) with 102 floors. One of the reasons to the current height is airways.

Floor count

The top floor is numbered 118. Due to the number "4", meaning to unlucky in Cantonese, and tetraphobia to buildings, is quite common in Hong Kong. (Two International Finance Centre, Nina Tower and private housing estate, as examples); plus, "missing level" makes the levels "be higher"! (Example: the top floor of The Cullinan is "93", in fact, 68). Except for level 3, 103 and 113, levels with "3" in the last digit were also skipped, and level 5, 6, 7, 26, 28, 29 & 105 missing as well for unknown reason.

They are currently replaced by levels with letter "M" and "R", which stand for "Mechanical" and "Refuge". Although the levels missing, it still shows on the elevator's screen of Sky100 and Skydining 101 while going up and down.


28 floors were skipped: 4, 5, 6, 7, 13, 14, 23, 24, 26, 28, 29, 33, 34, 43, 44, 53, 54, 63, 64, 73, 74, 83, 84, 93, 94, 104, 105, 114

18 floors were added: UG, M1-1, M1-2, M1-3, M1-5, R1, R2, M2-1, M2-2, R3, M3-1, M3-2, R4, M4-1, M4-2, M4-3, M5, M6

Level Real level Type
118 108 The Ritz-Carlton (Ozone bar, swimming pool & fitness center)
M6 107 Mechanical
117 106 The Ritz-Carlton (presidential suite)
116 105 The Ritz-Carlton (spa & club lounge)
115 104 The Ritz-Carlton (guest rooms)
113 103
112 102
111 101
110 100
109 99
108 98
107 97
106 96
M5 95 Mechanical
103 94 The Ritz-Carlton (reception lobby & Café 103)
102 93 The Ritz-Carlton (dining)
M4-3 92 The Ritz-Carlton (for employees) / Mechanical
M4-2 91 Mechanical
M4-1 90
R4 89 Refuge
101 88 Skydining 101
100 87 Sky100, Café 100
99 86 Credit Suisse
98 85
97 84
96 83 Office
95 82 Credit Suisse
92 81
91 80
90 79
89 78
88 77
87 76
86 75 IWG plc
85 74
82 73
81 72 Office
80 71
79 70
78 69
M3-2 68 Mechanical
M3-1 67
R3 66 Refuge
77 65 Office
76 64
75 63
72 62
71 61
70 60
69 59
68 58
67 57
66 56
65 55
62 54
61 53 Deutsche Bank
60 52
59 51
58 50
57 49
56 48
55 47
52 46
51 45
50 44 Office
49 43 Sky lobby
48 42
M2-2 41 Mechanical
M2-1 40
R2 39 Refuge
47 38 Morgan Stanley
46 37
45 36
42 35
41 34
40 33
39 32
38 31
37 30
36 29
35 28
32 27
31 26
30 25
27 24 Office
25 23
22 22
21 21
20 20 SPACE (fitness center)
19 19 Office
18 18
17 17
16 16
15 15
12 14
R1 13 Refuge
M1-5 12 Mechanical
M1-3 11
M1-2 10
M1-1 9
11 8 Office
10 7
9 6 The Ritz-Carlton (entrance), office lobby
8 5
3 4 The Ritz-Carlton (ballroom), lobbies (office & Skydining 101)
2 3 Sky100 (entrance), Elements, skyway to WKCD
1 2 Sky100 (tickets), pick up & drop-off
UG 1 Transfer lobby
G G Entrance (Nga Cheung Road), loading dock, parking
B1 B1 Parking
B2 B2
B3 B3
B4 B4

Floor directory

It takes 68 seconds to the world's 14th highest observation deck, Sky100, from the lobby on level 2; along with Elements, and the skyway (behind the main entrance of Sky100) to West Kowloon Cultural District (WKCD). [6]

"Skydining" in Asian and Western style, including Inakaya, Odyssée, Perla, The Sky Boss and The Kitin, sits on supertall level 101 at an elevation of 399 m (1,309 ft).

The Ritz-Carlton, Hong Kong occupies level 3, 8, 9 and the top 17 floors (M4-3 to 118), offering 312 rooms as well as the world's highest bar, fitness center and swimming pool set on the top floor.

The office floors are located on level 10 to 99, including a mechanical floor and refuge level; in which, the sky lobbies set on level 48 and 49, and the fitness center "SPACE" on level 20. [7] Credit Suisse, Morgan Stanley and Deutsche Bank have become anchor tenants of ICC's offices since 2008.

The ICC Light and Music Show

The LED light show set a new Guinness World Records for the “largest light and sound show on a single building” using a total of 50,000 m2 on two facades of the ICC.[8]

The Show is designed by the lighting design supervisor, Hirohito Totsune,[9] who already designed the lighting system of the Tokyo Skytree. [10]

It creates a theme and story line by using lights and music elements, similar to "A Symphony of Lights" in Victoria Harbor.

Transportation (daily)

All-day:

Mass Transit Railway (MTR): Airport Express Tung Chung line at Kowloon station / Tuen Ma line at Austin station / Hong Kong High-speed rail at Hong Kong West Kowloon station

Kowloon Motor Bus (KMB): 8, 11, 36B, 42A, 46, 60X, 63X, 69X, 81, 95, 203E, 215X, 260X, 268X, 269B, 271, 280X, 281A, 296D, 904, 905, 914, 960, 961, 968, 978, W2, W3

City Bus (CTB): 904, 905, 914, 930, 930X, 952, 962X, 969, 970, 970X, 971, 973, A11, A12, A22, E11 (E11A), E23 (E23A)

Public light bus (minibus): 74, 74S, 77M, 78

(Routes in red refers to "jointly operated"!)


Overnight:

City Bus (CTB): N11, N23 (Tsz Wan Shan direction), N930, N952, N962, N969, NA11, NA12

Gallery

See also

References

  1. ^ "International Commerce Centre".
  2. ^ "International Commerce Centre - the Skyscraper Center".
  3. ^ https://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=12 [bare URL]
  4. ^ "One & Two ifc | International Finance Centre, Hong Kong".
  5. ^ "Six die in HK lift shaft plunge". 13 September 2009.
  6. ^ "Hong Kong Tourist Attractions | sky100 Hong Kong Observation Deck".
  7. ^ "Icc Space".
  8. ^ "ICC Light and Music Show (Hong Kong) - All You Need to Know BEFORE You Go".
  9. ^ "Hirohito Totsune lights up the ICC". 19 April 2013.
  10. ^ "TOKYO SKYTREE® (Japan) | Case Study | lighting | Electric Works | Business | Panasonic Global".

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to International Commerce Centre.
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