Make America Great Again
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Trump_2016.svg/220px-Trump_2016.svg.png)
"Make America Great Again" (MAGA; /ˈmæ.ɡə/)[a] is a campaign slogan which is used in American politics and was popularized by Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential campaign. Ronald Reagan used the similar slogan "Let's Make America Great Again" in his successful 1980 presidential campaign. Bill Clinton also used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential campaign and used it again in a radio commercial aired for his wife Hillary Clinton's 2008 presidential primary campaign. Douglas Schoen has called Trump's use of the phrase "probably the most resonant campaign slogan in recent history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the country was in decline.[2][3]
The slogan has become a pop culture phenomenon, seeing widespread use and spawning numerous variants in the arts, entertainment and politics, being used by those who support and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.
Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase linked to racism in the United States and dog-whistle politics.[4][5][6][7] The Detroit Free Press and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this characterization as evidence of racism.[8][9] Wearing MAGA hats is indeed racist.
Use prior to Donald Trump
Use by Alexander Wiley
The phrase was used by Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a speech at the third session of the 76th United States Congress in anticipation of the 1940 United States presidential election: "What is the way? Here is America. There are 130,000,000 of us. America needs a leader who can coordinate labor, capital, and management; who can give the man of enterprise encouragement, who can give them the spirit which will beget vision. That will make America great again."[10]
Use by Barry Goldwater
The slogan was found in some advertising associated with Barry Goldwater's unsuccessful 1964 presidential campaign.[11]
Use by Ronald Reagan
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Let%27s_Make_America_Great_Again_button.jpeg/220px-Let%27s_Make_America_Great_Again_button.jpeg)
"Let's make America great again" was first used in Ronald Reagan's 1980 presidential campaign. At the time the United States was suffering from a worsening economy at home marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the country's economic distress as a springboard for his campaign, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism among the electorate.[12][13][14][15] Within his acceptance speech at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without job opportunities, we’ll stimulate new opportunities, particularly in the inner cities where they live. For those who’ve abandoned hope, we’ll restore hope and we’ll welcome them into a great national crusade to make America great again."[16][17]
Use by Bill Clinton
The phrase was also used in speeches[18] by Bill Clinton during his 1992 presidential campaign.[19] Clinton also used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton's 2008 presidential primary campaign.[20]
During the 2016 electoral campaign, Clinton suggested that Trump's version, used as a campaign rallying cry, was a message to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "give you an economy you had 50 years ago, and ... move you back up on the social totem pole and other people down."[21]
Other uses
In video game Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance (2013), the final boss, senator Steven Armstrong recites this phrase to the protagonist, Raiden. The game was released a few years prior to Trump's campaign, a coincidence which has been noted by journalists.[22][23]
Use by Donald Trump
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Donald_Trump_%2825953705015%29.jpg/220px-Donald_Trump_%2825953705015%29.jpg)
In December 2011, Trump made a statement in which he said he was unwilling to rule out running as a presidential candidate in the future, explaining "I must leave all of my options open because, above all else, we must make America great again."[24] Also in December 2011, he published a book using as a subtitle the similar phrase "Making America #1 Again" — which in a 2015 reissue was changed to "Make America Great Again!"[25]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Make_America_Great_Again_hat_%2827149010964%29.jpg/220px-Make_America_Great_Again_hat_%2827149010964%29.jpg)
On January 1, 2012, a group of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretary of State's office to create the "Make America Great Again Party", which would have allowed Trump to be that party's nominee if he had decided to become a third-party candidate in the 2012 presidential election.[26] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on November 7, 2012, the day after Barack Obama won his reelection against Mitt Romney. By his own account, Trump first considered "We Will Make America Great", but did not feel like it had the right "ring" to it. "Make America Great" was his next slogan idea, but upon further reflection, he felt that it was a slight to America because it implied that America was never great. After selecting "Make America Great Again", Trump immediately had an attorney register it. (Trump later said that he was unaware of Reagan's use in 1980 until 2015, but noted that "he didn't trademark it".)[27] On November 12 he signed an application with the United States Patent and Trademark Office requesting exclusive rights to use the slogan for political purposes. It was registered as a service mark on July 14, 2015, after Trump formally began his 2016 presidential campaign and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the application.[28][27][29]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Make_America_Great_Again_outdoor_banner_on_roadside_in_California.jpg/220px-Make_America_Great_Again_outdoor_banner_on_roadside_in_California.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/U.S._President_Donald_Trump_with_a_KAG_hat.jpg/220px-U.S._President_Donald_Trump_with_a_KAG_hat.jpg)
During the campaign, Trump often used the slogan, especially by wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white letters, which soon became popular among his supporters.[30] The slogan was so important to the campaign that at one point it spent more on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or television commercials. Millions were sold.[27] Following Trump's election, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[31] President Trump stated in January 2017 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection campaign would be "Keep America Great" and immediately ordered a lawyer to trademark it.[27] Trump tweeted "MAKE AMERICA GREAT AGAIN!" on September 1, 2018,[32] apparently in response to Meghan McCain telling approximately 3,000 mourners at John McCain's memorial service, "The America of John McCain has no need to be made great again because America was always great."[33]
Social-media usage
Donald Trump took the campaign slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump defended himself by tweeting "My use of social media is not Presidential - it's MODERN DAY PRESIDENTIAL. Make America Great Again!" on July 1, 2017.[34]
In the first half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[35] In an article for Bloomberg News, Mark Whitehouse noted "A regression analysis suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a post's retweet-and-favorite count, which is important given that the average Trump tweet attracts a total of 107,000."[35]
Trump attributed his victory (in part) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 election with interviews, speeches, and social media."[36] According to RiteTag,[37] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter alone include: 1,304 unique tweets, 5,820,000 hashtag exposure, and 3,424 retweets with 14% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[37]
Donald Trump set up his Twitter account in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly following the announcement (June 16, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential election, with particularly notable spikes occurring after his securing the Republican Party nomination (May 3, 2016) and after winning the presidency.[38]
Accusations of racism
Regarding its use since 2015, it is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Voice of America journalist, among others,[5][6] explained how it is a loaded phrase because it "doesn't just appeal to people who hear it as racist coded language, but also to those who have felt a loss of status as other groups have become more empowered."[4] As Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan now resonates as America First did in the early 1940s, with the idea "that the true version of America is the America that looks like me, the American fantasy I imagine existed before it was diluted with other races and other people."[39]
Writing for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[w]earing a 'Make America Great Again' hat is not necessarily an overt expression of racism. But if you wear one, it's a pretty good indication that you share, admire or appreciate President Trump's racist views about Mexicans, Muslims and border walls."[6] The Detroit Free Press and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this characterization and did not believe the slogan or MAGA hats are evidence of racism, seeing them more in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[8][9]
Use by others
In politics
Political commentator and author Peter Beinart published a 2006 book titled The Good Fight: Why Liberals—and Only Liberals—Can Win the War on Terror and Make America Great Again[40] drawing on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr after the Invasion of Iraq and early years of the War on Terror.
In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a book about her Republican Senate campaign in the 2010 Delaware special election titled Troublemaker: Let's Do What It Takes To Make America Great Again.[41]
After Donald Trump popularized the use of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of it were widely used in reference to both his election campaign and his politics. Trump's primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Make America Great Again" in speeches, inciting Trump to send cease-and-desist letters to them. After the election Trump claimed that the hats "were copied, unfortunately. It was knocked off by 10 to one [...] but it was a slogan, and every time somebody buys one, that's an advertisement."[27] Cruz later sold hats featuring, "Make Trump Debate Again", in response to Trump's boycotting the Iowa January 28, 2016 debate.[42]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/MAGA_Store_in_Grand_Rapids%2C_MI.jpg/220px-MAGA_Store_in_Grand_Rapids%2C_MI.jpg)
Retail usage
Local media in Grand Rapids, Michigan reported that a "MAGA Store" had opened in December 2019, using the acronym from the Trump campaign's "Make America Great Again" slogan.[43] The store subsequently changed its name to "The Patriot Store of Grand Rapids" in March 2020.[44]
Disagreement
New York Governor Andrew Cuomo stated that America "was never that great" during a September 2018 bill signing.[45][46] Former US Attorney General Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, asking: "Exactly when did you think America was great?"[47][48]
Other countries
In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of France, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Agreement. The last sentence of the speech delivered by him was "make our planet great again."[49]
During his campaign for the 2019 Indonesian presidential election in October 2018, opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "make Indonesia great again", though he denied having copied Trump.[50]
During the Swedish European Parliament election in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Democratic Party used the slogan "Make EU Lagom Again".[51][52]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Make_the_Earth_Greta_again%2C_Berlin%2C_08.02.2019_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Make_the_Earth_Greta_again%2C_Berlin%2C_08.02.2019_%28cropped%29.jpg)
Members of the Fridays for Future Movement have often used slogans like "Make Earth Greta Again", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[53] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary film named Make the World Greta Again.[54]
In popular culture
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The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.
Adult entertainment
- Adult film star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an affair with President Trump, took part in a "Make America Horny Again" strip club tour.[55]
Advertising
- A Dunk-a-roos marketing campaign used the slogan "Make America Dunk Again".[56]
Artwork
- Make Everything Great Again is a street art mural by artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Lithuania.[57]
Comedy
- Comedian David Cross's 2016 stand-up tour was titled "Making America Great Again".[58]
Conventions and events
- In 2016, two Dragon Con cosplayers claiming an association with Adult Swim and Cartoon Network, and dressed as the World Trade Center during the September 11 attacks, wore "Make FishCenter Great Again" hats.[59][60][61]
Fashion
- Fashion Designer Andre Soriano used the "Make America Great Again" Official presidential campaign Flag to design a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to wear on Red Carpet e.g. 2017 Grammy Awards.[62]
Films
- In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Make England Great Again" fez hat in one scene.[63]
- The Syfy film Sharknado 5: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Make America Bait Again".[64]
- The tagline for The Purge: Election Year (2016) is "Keep America Great" (a phrase Trump would later use as his 2020 campaign slogan); one of the TV spots for the film featured Americans who explained why they support the Purge, with one stating he does so "to keep my country [America] great".[65] The next film in the franchise, The First Purge, was subsequently advertised with a poster featuring its title stylized on a MAGA hat.[66]
- The character Paul in Da 5 Bloods is an avid Trump supporter and sports a MAGA hat throughout the film.[67]
Games
- The Assassin's Creed Odyssey (2018) video game character Cleon says "Make Athens Great Again" during his campaign against Pericles.
- In the video game Mortal Kombat 11 (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombat 11 newcomer Kollector to "let us make Outworld great again".
- The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Free Again" in its marketing campaign.[68]
Music
- Fall Out Boy released a remix of their album American Beauty/American Psycho titled Make America Psycho Again.[69]
- Rapper Kevin Gates released a song in 2018 called M.A.T.A, meaning Make America Trap Again.[70]
- Make America Rock Again was a rock concert tour.[71]
- Rap rock supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Against the Machine, Public Enemy and Cypress Hill, called their 2017 nationwide tour the "Make America Rage Again Tour", using a stage backdrop reminiscent of a MAGA hat.
- Snoop Dogg released a song titled "Make America Crip Again".[72]
- Frank Turner released a song called "Make America Great Again" on his album Be More Kind (2018).
- Singer Joy Villa produced a single "Make America Great Again" a few months after appearing at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' dress.[73]
- Rapper Lil Wayne wore a hat saying Make America Skate again in Chance the Rapper's video No Problem
- Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an album titled Make America Trap Again (2019), with cover art inspired by the Barack Obama "Hope" poster.[74]
- Russian activists and artists Pussy Riot released a song titled Make America Great Again.[75]
Novels
- Author Octavia E. Butler used "Make America Great Again" as the presidential campaign slogan for a character, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents (novel).[76] Jarret is described as "a demogogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite" who "pulled religion and government together and cemented the link with money from rich businessmen".[77]
Sports
- WWE professional wrestler Darren Young and former star Bob Backlund began appearing on WWE TV in May 2016, with Backlund acting as Young's life coach, promising to "Make Darren Young Great Again".[78][79]
- Upon his return to Impact Wrestling (known as TNA during his first run with the company) in 2017, professional wrestling personality Dutch Mantell (known in WWE as Zeb Coulter, the manager of Jack Swagger in 2013) proclaimed he would help "Make Impact (Wrestling) Great Again".[80][81]
Television
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Womens-march-santa-cruz-2017--61.jpg/170px-Womens-march-santa-cruz-2017--61.jpg)
- John Oliver spoofed the slogan in a segment of his show, urging viewers to "Make Donald Drumpf Again", in reference to the original ancestral name of the Trump family.[82][83] The segment broke HBO viewership records, garnering 85 million views.[83]
- In NCIS: Los Angeles season 4, episode 20 ("Purity"), the group behind the attacks used the phrase "Make America Great Again" as part of their campaign.[84]
- In the South Park episode "Where My Country Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a campaign that is a parody of Trump's, are seen holding signs bearing the slogan.[85]
- In the Star Trek: Discovery episode "What's Past Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "make the Empire glorious again", a line that was compared to Trump by many reviewers.[86][87][88][89]
Notes
References
- ^ The Telegraph (May 30, 2020). Donald Trump: 'MAGA hates the black people' responding to race protests (YouTube video). Event occurs at 0:00.
- ^ Schoen, Douglas (April 8, 2016). "Donald Trump saw what politicians ignored. And then he disrupted American politics". Fox News. Retrieved October 25, 2020.
- ^ Edwards-Levy, Ariel (November 18, 2015). "Americans Aren't Sure Anything In America Works Anymore". Huff Post. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
- ^ a b Melton, Marissa (August 31, 2017). "Is 'Make America Great Again' Racist?". Voice of America. Retrieved October 25, 2020.
- ^ a b Shamus, Kristen Jordan (January 24, 2019). "MAGA hats: Trump campaign swag or symbols of hate?". Detroit Free Press. Retrieved October 25, 2020.
- ^ a b c Abcarian, Robin (February 5, 2019). "MAGA hats and blackface are different forms of expression, but they share a certain unfortunate DNA". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved October 25, 2020.
- ^ Illing, Sean (October 22, 2018). "How "America First" ruined the "American dream"". Vox. Retrieved October 25, 2020.
- ^ a b Shamus, Kristen Jordan (January 25, 2019). "Readers speak out on the divide over MAGA". Detroit Free Press. Retrieved October 25, 2020.
- ^ a b "The un-American intolerance of those who think wearing a MAGA hat is racist". Los Angeles Times. February 8, 2019. Retrieved October 25, 2020.
- ^ Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the 76th Congress Third Session Volume 86 Part 11, p.12393.
- ^ "Goldwater Yes! [advertisement]". Lake Sentinel. Orlando, FL: 3. August 2, 1964.
He will be elected by local people who want to regain their lost freedoms and make America great again
- ^ "Ronald Reagan's 1980 Campaign Poster, "Let's Make America Great Again"". I Agree to See. Retrieved January 27, 2017.
- ^ "Ronald Reagan's Classic 1980 Campaign Poster Challenges Voters, "Let's Make America Great Again"". Iagreetosee.com. Retrieved August 25, 2015.
- ^ Taibbi, Matt (March 25, 2015). "Donald Trump Claims Authorship of Legendary Reagan Slogan; Has Never Heard of Google". Rolling Stone. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
- ^ "Presidential Politics, 20th Century Style: Reagan-Carter". MHHE.com. Archived from the original on August 18, 2015. Retrieved August 25, 2015.
- ^ American Experience (February 24, 1998). "Acceptance of the Republican Nomination for President: July 17, 1980". PBS.
- ^ Ronald Reagan (2004). "Speech Accepting the Republican Nomination for President". Tear Down this Wall: The Reagan Revolution – a National Review History. A&C Black. p. 22.
- ^ "Make America Great Again a Retrospective". Retrieved July 21, 2017.
- ^ Margolin, Emma (September 9, 2016). "Who really first came up with the phrase 'Make America Great Again'?". NBC News. Retrieved September 10, 2016.
- ^ "2008 Clinton Campaign Ad: Bill Clinton: Hillary Will "Make America Great Again"". Retrieved July 21, 2017.
- ^ "Bill Clinton suggests Trump slogan racist – but he used the same one". Fox News. September 9, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2018.
- ^ Alexandra, Heather (November 7, 2016). "A Look Back On Metal Gear Rising's Last Boss, Who Wanted To Make America Great Again". Kotaku. Retrieved August 17, 2020.
- ^ Moran, Miguel (March 30, 2020). "Every time Hideo Kojima predicted the future". Looper.com. Retrieved August 17, 2020.
- ^ Kaczynski, Andrew (January 18, 2017). "Trump was saying 'Make America Great Again' long before he claims he thought it up". CNN.com. Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
- ^ Lozada, Carlos (August 31, 2015). "Book Party: Donald Trump's 'Time to Get Tough' is out in paperback. You'll never guess the new subtitle". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
- ^ Batheja, Aman (February 3, 2016). "Report: Activists have filed paperwork in Texas for a Donald Trump third-party run for president - PoliTex". blogs.star-telegram.com. Star-Telegram. Retrieved August 4, 2020.
- ^ a b c d e Tumulty, Karen (January 18, 2017). "How Donald Trump came up with 'Make America Great Again'". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
- ^ "U.S. Service Mark 4,773,272". United States Patent and Trademark Office. Retrieved November 18, 2016.
- ^ "USPTO TSDR Case Viewer". tsdr.uspto.gov. Retrieved January 27, 2017.
- ^ Bump, Philip (January 25, 2016). "Why Donald Trump has given up on the hat". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
- ^ Smith, Allan (November 10, 2016). "'Great again': Donald Trump's .gov website is now live". Business Insider. Retrieved November 12, 2016.
- ^ "@realDonaldTrump". Retrieved September 2, 2017.
- ^ Kane, Paul; Pogrund, Gabriel; Itkowitz, Colby (September 1, 2017). "'America was always great': Meghan McCain rebukes Trump". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
- ^ Graham, Chris (July 2, 2017). "'Modern day presidential': Donald Trump defends use of social media in Twitter storm". The Daily Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved November 3, 2017.
- ^ a b Whitehouse, Mark (August 21, 2017). "'Great Again' Is Trump's Magic Twitter Mantra". Bloomberg News. Retrieved November 3, 2017.
- ^ Rosen, Christopher (July 2, 2017). "Donald Trump Defends Twitter Use as 'Modern Day Presidential'". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved November 8, 2017.
- ^ a b "#maga Hashtag Analytics". RiteTag. Retrieved July 18, 2018.
- ^ Trackalytics. "Donald J. Trump Twitter Followers Statistics". Trackalytics. Retrieved November 28, 2017.
- ^ Illing, Sean (October 22, 2018). "How "America First" ruined the "American dream"". Vox. Retrieved October 25, 2020.
- ^ The good fight : why liberals--and only liberals--can win the War on Terror and make America great again (1st ed.). HarperCollins Publishers. May 30, 2006. ISBN 9780060841614.
- ^ "Christine O'Donnell promotes memoir". Politico. June 21, 2011. Retrieved September 24, 2017.
- ^ Bradford Richardson (January 27, 2016). "Cruz sells 'Make Trump Debate Again' hats". TheHill.com. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
- ^ Parseghian, Aaron (December 26, 2019). "Man opens 'MAGA' store in Kent County". Fox 17. Archived from the original on December 28, 2019. Retrieved December 28, 2019.
- ^ "Public Record". Grand Rapids Business Journal. March 6, 2020. Archived from the original on June 25, 2020. Retrieved June 25, 2020.
- ^ Gonen, Yoav; Campanile, Carl (August 15, 2018). "Cuomo says America 'was never that great'". New York Post. Retrieved April 30, 2019.
- ^ Goldmacher, Shane (August 15, 2018). "Cuomo Says America 'Was Never That Great' in Jab at Trump Slogan". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 30, 2019.
- ^ "Holder to Trump: 'Exactly when did you think America was great?'". MSNBC. March 28, 2019. Retrieved March 29, 2019.
Holder also discusses the Trump slogan of 'Make America Great Again', posing the question: 'when did you think America was great?'
- ^ Norman, Greg (March 28, 2019). "Eric Holder goes on MAGA attack: 'Exactly when did you think America was great?'". Fox News. Retrieved April 30, 2019.
- ^ "Macron: 'Make our planet great again'". BBC News. Retrieved January 18, 2018.
- ^ Massola, James (October 20, 2018). "Prabowo wants to 'make Indonesia great again'". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved October 20, 2018.
- ^ "KD: Gör EU lagom igen" (in Swedish). Aftonbladet. May 3, 2019. Retrieved June 17, 2019.
- ^ "Svenskarnas starka stöd för EU kan inte tas för givet" (in Swedish). Swedish Christian Democratic Party. April 5, 2019. Retrieved June 17, 2019.
- ^ "Greta Thunberg tells Rome: They have stolen our future". Republica. April 19, 2019. Retrieved June 17, 2019.
- ^ "Make the World Greta Again". Internet Movide Database. May 24, 2019. Retrieved June 17, 2019.
- ^ Bowerman, Mary (January 22, 2018). "Stormy Daniels, Trump's alleged former mistress, performs at South Carolina strip club". USA Today. Retrieved September 16, 2019.
- ^ Krashinsky, Susan (October 26, 2016). "General Mills hopes to hit sweet spot with new 'Smugglaroos' campaign". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved November 6, 2016.
- ^ Taylor, Adam (May 16, 2016), "This artist's interpretation of Putin and Trump kissing cannot be unseen", The Independent, retrieved June 12, 2017
- ^ Snierson, Dan (January 5, 2016). "David Cross announces 'Making America Great Again!' nationwide stand-up tour". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved January 28, 2016.
- ^ Boult, Adam (September 5, 2016). "Anger over 'Twin Towers' cosplayers". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved November 28, 2017.
- ^ Johnston, Rich (September 6, 2016). "Cosplay Controversy At Dragon*Con – 9/11 Or Rampage?". Bleeding Cool. Avatar Press. Retrieved November 28, 2017.
- ^ Sandle, Tim (September 5, 2016). "Dragon Con sci-fi fans trigger 9/11 controversy". Digital Journal. digitaljournal.com. Retrieved November 28, 2017.
- ^ "Designer of MAGA Dress that SHOCKED the Red Carpet Speaks Out". May 15, 2019.
- ^ Spiegel, Josh (December 26, 2018). "'Holmes & Watson' Review: This Uninspired Parody Arrives Several Years Too Late". /Film. Retrieved April 30, 2019.
- ^ de Moraes, Lisa (June 1, 2017). "'Sharknado 5' Gets Topical Title, Adds Cast & Vows To "Make America Bait Again"". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved August 6, 2017.
- ^ Chichizola, Corey (February 26, 2016). "The Purge: Election Year Wants You To Purge For America". CinemaBlend. Retrieved October 28, 2016.
- ^ Rosenberg, Adam (January 30, 2018). "The next 'Purge' movie is a prequel and its first poster is an obvious MAGA shout-out". Mashable. Retrieved July 27, 2018.
- ^ "Why Spike Lee put a Black Trump supporter at the heart of his new film 'Da 5 Bloods'". Los Angeles Times. June 12, 2020. Retrieved September 1, 2020.
- ^ Jr, Cleve R. Wootson (October 7, 2017). "Even a video game's 'Make America Nazi-free Again' slogan ticked some people off". Washington Post. Retrieved January 18, 2018.
- ^ "AllMusic Review by Stephen Thomas Erlewine". AllMusic. Retrieved May 27, 2018.
- ^ "Kevin Gates – M.A.T.A" – via genius.com.
- ^ Holmes, Dave (May 31, 2017). "Five Things We Expect to See At the Make America Rock Again Tour". Esquire. Retrieved October 14, 2017.
- ^ Legaspi, Althea (October 19, 2017). "Snoop Dogg Previews New EP With 'Make America Crip Again' Song". Rolling Stone. Retrieved November 13, 2017.
- ^ Izadi, Elahe (February 13, 2017). "Joy Villa wears a 'Make America Great Again' dress to Grammys". Retrieved October 10, 2017.
- ^ "Make America Trap Again by Zaytoven". Genius.
- ^ Pussy Riot - Make America Great Again (YouTube)
- ^ Abby Aguirre (July 26, 2017). "Octavia Butler's Prescient Vision of a Zealot Elected to 'Make America Great Again'". newyorker.com. Retrieved December 28, 2019.
- ^ Butler, Octavia E. (1998). Parable of the Talents. Seven Stories Press.
- ^ Andre Vergara (May 6, 2016). "Bob Backlund returns to WWE to 'make Darren Young great again'". FoxSports.com. Retrieved May 13, 2016.
- ^ Gray, Richard (May 4, 2016). "Bob Backlund To Make Darren Young Great Again (Smackdown Spoiler)". Wrestling News World. Gray Internet Technologies. Retrieved July 13, 2016.
The gimmick includes the obvious play on Donald Trump's campaign slogan of "Make America Great Again".
- ^ Varble, Aaron (March 3, 2017). "Dutch Mantell Name Drops A Ton Of Current WWE Stars At Impact Taping". StillRealToUs.com.
- ^ Lealos, Shawn. "Huge Impact Wrestling News: New Name, Debuting Wrestlers, New Direction". inquisitr.com.
- ^ Koblin, John (March 9, 2016). "John Oliver Sells Out of 'Make Donald Drumpf Again' Caps". The New York Times. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
- ^ a b Zorthian, Julia (March 31, 2016). "John Oliver's 'Donald Drumpf' Segment Broke HBO Viewing Records". TIME. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
- ^ "NCIS: Los Angeles (season 4)", Wikipedia, December 1, 2018, retrieved January 7, 2019
- ^ Stern, Marlow (September 25, 2015). "'South Park' Depicts the Brutal Rape of Donald Trump". The Daily Beast. Retrieved November 5, 2018.
- ^ "Make The Empire Glorious Again – TrekToday".
- ^ "'Star Trek: Discovery' Official "Make the Empire Glorious Again" Hat is Now Available". Star Trek.
- ^ "Jason Isaacs really wants to return to his Star Trek role". August 15, 2019.
- ^ "'Star Trek: Discovery' recap: The Terran story line comes to a head". EW.com.
External links
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