Judaeo-Portuguese
| Judaeo-Portuguese | |
|---|---|
| Judeu-Português | |
| Native to | Netherlands, Germany (Hamburg), England, North America, Brazil |
| Extinct | early 19th century[citation needed] fewer than 2,000 users in a limited liturgical context[citation needed] |
Indo-European
| |
| Latin (Portuguese alphabet), Hebrew alphabet | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | None |
Judeo-Portuguese is the extinct Jewish language that was used by the Portuguese Jews of Portugal.
Description
The Judeo-Portuguese language was the vernacular of Sephardi Jews in Portugal before the 16th century and also in many places of the Portuguese Jewish diaspora. Texts were written in Hebrew script (aljamiado português) or in Latin script.
As Portuguese Jews intermarried with other expelled Sephardim, it influenced the neighboring Judeo-Spanish language. Due to close similarity to standard Portuguese, Judeo-Portuguese became extinct in Portugal, surviving in the everyday usage in the diaspora until the early 19th century. Judeo-Portuguese influenced the Papiamento and Saramaccan languages.
Characteristics
Influences from Ladino
| Judaeo-Portuguese | Portuguese | Ladino | English meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| ay | há | hay | there is |
| Dio | Deus (arch. Deo) | Dio | God |
| manim | mãos | manos | hands |
Portuguese archaisms
| Judaeo-Portuguese | Modern Portuguese | English meaning |
|---|---|---|
| algũa | alguma | any |
| angora | agora | now |
| aynda | ainda | yet |
| dous | dois | two |
| he | é | is |
| hũa | uma | a, an, one |
Influences from Hebrew
| Judeo-Portuguese | Hebrew | English meaning |
|---|---|---|
| cados | kodesh | holy |
| esnoga | - (of Greek origin) | synagogue |
| jessiba | yeshiva | Religious School |
| massó | matzah | ritual bread |
| misvá | mitzvah | commandments |
| ros | rosh | head |
| rassim | rashim | heads |
| rossaná | rosh hashanah | Jewish New Year |
| sabá | Shabbat | Saturday |
| sedacá | tzedakah | charity |
| queilá | qehila | congregation |
| quidus | kiddush | blessing over the wine |
| tebá | tevah | central platform in the synagogue |
See also
References
- Judaeo-Portuguese in Jewish Language Research Center
- Thesouro dos Dinim, a Halakhic work
- Strolovitch, Devon L. (2005) Old Portuguese in Hebrew Script: Convention, Contact, and Convivência. Ph.D. dissertation, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
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