List of United States state legislatures
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Each state in the United States has a legislature as part of its form of civil government. Most of the fundamental details of the legislature are specified in the state constitution. 49 state legislatures are bicameral bodies, composed of a lower house (Assembly, General Assembly, State Assembly, House of Delegates, or House of Representatives) and an upper house (Senate). The United States also has one federal district and five non-state territories with local legislative branches, which are also listed below. Among the states, the Nebraska Legislature is the lone unicameral body, although three other areas, that are the District of Columbia, Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands, also have unicameral bodies.
The exact names, dates, term lengths, term limits, electoral systems, electoral districts, and other details are determined by the individual states' laws.
Contents
Party summary[edit]
Party Control of Legislatures
| 30 | Republican-controlled legislatures |
| 18 | Democratic-controlled legislatures |
| 1 | Split legislatures[1] |
| 1 | Disputed control (Alaska - Republican Senate, House of Reps. TBA) |
| 50 | Total |
Note: A party with a numerical majority in a chamber may be forced to share power with other parties due to informal coalitions or may cede power outright because of divisions within its caucus.
Party Control of State Governments
| 22 | Republican-controlled governments |
| 14 | Democratic-controlled governments |
| 8 | Democratic governor/Republican-controlled legislature |
| 4 | Republican governor/Democratic-controlled legislature |
| 1 | Democratic governor/Split legislature |
| 1 | Republican governor/Split legislature |
| 50 | Total |
The firmest control over a state legislature is exhibited in Hawaii, where Democrats hold every seat in the Senate and only five Republicans sit in the 45-seat state House of Representatives. Wyoming currently has the strongest Republican-led legislature, with overwhelming super-majorities in both houses. Four states (Idaho, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah) have had a Republican-led legislature in both houses for more than two decades.[citation needed]
Statistics[edit]
State legislators by party[edit]
As of January 21, 2019
| Party | Lower house[2] | Upper house[3] | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Republican (R) | 2,781 (51.4%) | 1,076 (54.6%) | 3,857 (52.2%) |
| Democratic (D) | 2,574 (47.6%) | 869 (44.1%) | 3,443 (46.6%) |
| Independent/Other | 28 (0.5%) | 7 (0.1%) | 35 (0.6%) |
| Vacant | 21 (0%) | 10 (0%) | 31 (1%) |
† Includes legislators who are unaffiliated, unenrolled, etc.
State legislatures[edit]
Federal district and territorial legislatures[edit]
| Federal district or territory |
Governor | Name | Lower house | Upper house | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Party strength | Term (years) |
Name | Party strength | Term (years) | ||||
| American Samoa | Governor | Fono | House of Representatives | Nonpartisan 20 + 1 nonvoting delegate | 2 | Senate | Nonpartisan 18 | 4 | |
| District of Columbia | Mayor | Council | - | - | - | Council (unicameral) | D 11–0, 2 I | 4 | |
| Guam | Governor | Legislature | - | - | - | Legislature (unicameral) | D 9–6 | 2 | |
| Northern Mariana Islands | Governor | Commonwealth Legislature | House of Representatives | R 14–0, 6 I | 2 | Senate | R 7–0, 2 I | 4 | |
| Puerto Rico | Governor | Legislative Assembly | House of Representatives | PNP 34–16, 1 PIP[nb 6] | 4 | Senate | PNP 21–4, 1 PIP, 1 I | 4 | |
| US Virgin Islands | Governor | Legislature | - | - | - | Legislature (unicameral) | D 11–0, 3 I, 1 ICM | 2 | |
| 55 | New Progressive (PNP) legislators |
| 31 | Democratic (D) legislators |
| 27 | Republican (R) legislators |
| 20 | Popular Democratic (PPD) legislators |
| 2 | Puerto Rican Independence (PIP) legislators |
| 1 | Independent Citizens Movement (ICM) legislators |
| 52 | Independent and nonpartisan (I) legislators |
| 1 | Non-voting delegate (Swains Island) |
| 189 | Total |
See also[edit]
- Political party strength in U.S. states
- Comparison of U.S. state governments
- State legislature (United States)
- United States state legislatures' partisan trend
- National Conference of State Legislatures
- List of current U.S. state legislators
Notes[edit]
- ^ The Constitution of California names it the "California Legislature", but the Legislature brands itself as the “California State Legislature”.
- ^ The Constitution of Louisiana vests legislative authority in "a legislature, consisting of a Senate and a House of Representatives," and refers to it as "the legislature" throughout, without officially designating a term for the two houses together. However, the two bodies do use the term "Louisiana State Legislature" in official references to itself.
- ^ When Nebraska switched to a unicameral legislature in 1937, the lower house was abolished. All current Nebraskan legislators are referred to as “Senators”, as the pre-1937 senate was retained house.
- ^ The Constitution of Utah names it the "Legislature of the State of Utah", but the Legislature brands itself as the "Utah State Legislature".
- ^ The Constitution of Washington names it "the legislature of the state of Washington", but the Legislature brands itself as the "Washington State Legislature".
- ^ The ruling parties of Puerto Rico are separate from the Republican and Democratic parties.
References[edit]
- ^ “Split” in the sense that each of the two chambers are controlled by a different party (e.g., a Democratic Senate and Republican House) or one chamber is evenly split between parties (and thus "hung". The Nebraska legislature, though officially nonpartisan, is de facto Republican-controlled, and listed as such.
- ^ "Partisan composition of state houses". Ballotpedia. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
- ^ "Partisan composition of state senates". Ballotpedia. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
- ^ "Partisan Composition of State Legislatures". Ballotpedia.