Jump to content

Tom Cruise

Page semi-protected
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Thomas Cruise Mapother)
This article is about the American actor. For other people named Tom Cruise, see Tom Cruise (disambiguation).

Tom Cruise
Cruise at the 2019 San Diego Comic-Con
Cruise at the 2019 San Diego Comic-Con
Born
Thomas Cruise Mapother IV

(1962-07-03) July 3, 1962 (age 62)
Syracuse, New York, U.S.
Occupations
  • Actor
  • producer
Years active1980–present
WorksFull list
Spouses
  • ​
    ​
    (m. 1987; div. 1990)​
  • ​
    ​
    (m. 1990; div. 2001)​
  • ​
    ​
    (m. 2006; div. 2012)​
Children3
RelativesWilliam Mapother (cousin)
AwardsFull list
Websitetomcruise.com
Signature

Thomas Cruise Mapother IV (born July 3, 1962) is an American actor and producer. Regarded as a Hollywood icon,[1][2][3] he has received various accolades, including an Honorary Palme d'Or and three Golden Globe Awards, in addition to nominations for four Academy Awards. His films have grossed over $12 billion worldwide,[4] placing him among the highest-grossing actors of all time.[5] One of Hollywood's most bankable stars, he is consistently one of the world's highest-paid actors.[6]

Cruise began acting in the early 1980s and made his breakthrough with leading roles in Risky Business (1983) and Top Gun (1986). Critical acclaim came with his roles in the dramas The Color of Money (1986), Rain Man (1988), and Born on the Fourth of July (1989). For his portrayal of Ron Kovic in the latter, he won a Golden Globe Award and received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor. As a leading Hollywood star in the 1990s, he starred in commercially successful films, including the drama A Few Good Men (1992), the thriller The Firm (1993), the horror film Interview with the Vampire (1994), and the romance Jerry Maguire (1996). For the latter, he won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor. Cruise's performance in the drama Magnolia (1999) earned him another Golden Globe Award and a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.

Cruise subsequently established himself as a star of science fiction and action films, often performing his own risky stunts. He has played fictional agent Ethan Hunt in the Mission: Impossible film series since 1996. His other films in the genre include Vanilla Sky (2001), Minority Report (2002), The Last Samurai (2003), Collateral (2004), War of the Worlds (2005), Knight and Day (2010), Jack Reacher (2012), Oblivion (2013), Edge of Tomorrow (2014), and Top Gun: Maverick (2022). He made his directorial debut in 1993 with an episode of the anthology television series Fallen Angels.

Cruise received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1986. He holds the Guinness World Record for the most consecutive $100-million-grossing movies, a feat that was achieved during the period of 2012 to 2018.[7] Forbes ranked him as the world's most powerful celebrity in 2006.[8] He was named People's Sexiest Man Alive in 1990,[9] and received the top honor of "Most Beautiful People" in 1997.[10] Outside his film career, Cruise has been an outspoken advocate for the Church of Scientology.

Early life and education

Cruise was born on July 3, 1962, in Syracuse, New York,[11] to electrical engineer Thomas Cruise Mapother III (1934–1984) and special education teacher Mary Lee (née Pfeiffer; 1936–2017).[12] His parents were both from Louisville, Kentucky,[13] and had English, German, and Irish ancestry.[14][15] Cruise has three sisters named Lee Anne, Marian, and Cass. One of his cousins, William Mapother, is also an actor who has appeared alongside Cruise in five films.[16]

Cruise grew up in near poverty and had a Catholic upbringing. He later described his father as "a merchant of chaos",[17] a "bully", and a "coward" who beat his children. He elaborated, "[My father] was the kind of person where, if something goes wrong, they kick you. It was a great lesson in my life—how he'd lull you in, make you feel safe and then, bang! For me, it was like, 'There's something wrong with this guy. Don't trust him. Be careful around him.'"[17] Cruise's biological father died of cancer in 1984.[18]

In total, Cruise attended fifteen schools in fourteen years.[19] Cruise spent part of his childhood in Canada; when his father took a job as a defense consultant with the Canadian Armed Forces, his family moved in late 1971 to Beacon Hill, Ottawa.[20] He attended the new Robert Hopkins Public School for his fourth and fifth grade education.[20][21] He first became involved in drama in fourth grade, under drama teacher George Steinburg. He and six other boys put on an improvised play to music called IT at the Carleton Elementary School drama festival.[20] Drama organizer Val Wright was in the audience and later said that "the movement and improvisation were excellent ... a classic ensemble piece."[20]

In sixth grade, Cruise went to Henry Munro Middle School in Ottawa. That year, his mother left his father, taking Cruise and his sisters back to the United States.[20] In 1978, she married Jack South.[22] Cruise briefly took a Catholic church scholarship and attended the St. Francis Seminary in Cincinnati; he aspired to become a Franciscan priest before leaving after a year. Priests at the seminary have said Cruise chose to leave the school when his family relocated again; however, a former classmate said that they were both asked to leave after getting caught taking liquor.[23][24]: 24–26  In his senior year of high school, he played football for the varsity team as a linebacker, but was cut from the squad after getting caught drinking beer before a game.[24]: 47  He went on to star in the school's production of Guys and Dolls.[25] In 1980, he graduated from Glen Ridge High School in Glen Ridge, New Jersey.[26]

Acting career

Cruise in 1985 at a reception hosted by First Lady Nancy Reagan at the White House

1980s: Breakthrough and stardom

At age 18,[27] with the blessing of his mother and stepfather, Cruise moved to New York City to pursue an acting career.[25] After working as a busboy in New York, he went to Los Angeles to try out for television roles. He signed with CAA and began acting in films.[27] He made his film debut in a bit part in the 1981 film Endless Love, followed by a major supporting role as a crazed military academy student in Taps later that year. Cruise was originally supposed to appear as a background actor but his role was expanded after impressing director Harold Becker.[28] In 1983, Cruise was part of the ensemble cast of Francis Ford Coppola's The Outsiders. That same year he appeared in All the Right Moves and Risky Business, which has been described as "A Generation X classic, and a career maker for Tom Cruise."[29] He also played the male lead in the Ridley Scott film Legend, released in 1985.[30] By 1986's Top Gun, his status as a superstar had been cemented.[31]

Tom Cruise at the 61st Academy Awards in 1989

Cruise followed up Top Gun with Martin Scorsese's The Color of Money (1986), which came out the same year, and which paired him with Paul Newman. Their chemistry won praise among critics with The Washington Post writing, "One of the subtle achievements of both Cruise's and Newman's performances is that you feel that both of them are genuinely top-notch pool hustlers".[32] In 1988, Cruise starred in Cocktail, a film that was a box office success but failed with critics. His performance earned him a nomination for the Razzie Award for Worst Actor. Later that year he starred with Dustin Hoffman in Barry Levinson's Rain Man, which won the Academy Award for Best Film.[33]

In 1989, Cruise portrayed real-life paralyzed Vietnam War veteran Ron Kovic in Oliver Stone's war epic Born on the Fourth of July. Film critic Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times wrote, "Nothing Cruise has done will prepare you for what he does in Born on the Fourth of July ... His performance is so good that the movie lives through it. Stone is able to make his statement with Cruise's face and voice and doesn't need to put everything into the dialogue."[34] The performance earned him a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama, the Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Actor, the People's Choice Award for Favorite Motion Picture Actor, a nomination for BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role, and Cruise's first Best Actor Academy Award nomination.[35]

1990s: Dramatic roles

Cruise's next films were Days of Thunder (1990) and Far and Away (1992), both of which co-starred then-wife Nicole Kidman as his love interest, followed by the legal thriller The Firm, which was a critical and commercial success. In 1994, Cruise starred along with Brad Pitt, Antonio Banderas and Christian Slater in Neil Jordan's Interview with the Vampire, a gothic drama/horror film that was based on Anne Rice's best-selling novel. The film was well-received, although Rice was initially quite outspoken in her criticism of Cruise having been cast in the film, as Julian Sands was her first choice. Upon seeing the film, however, she paid $7,740 (equivalent to $15,911 in 2023) for a two-page ad in Daily Variety praising his performance and apologizing for her previous doubts about him.[36]

In 1996, Cruise starred as superspy Ethan Hunt in the reboot of Mission: Impossible, which he also produced.[37] The film was directed by Brian De Palma and was a box office success. Film critic Stephen Holden of The New York Times praised Cruise's performance, declaring "Tom Cruise has found the perfect superhero character on which to graft his breathlessly gung-ho screen personality."[38] In the same year, Cruise took on the title role in Cameron Crowe's sports drama Jerry Maguire playing a sports agent in search of love. The film was a massive financial success grossing more than $273 million worldwide against its $50 million budget.[39]

In 1999, Cruise costarred with Kidman in Stanley Kubrick's erotic and psychological drama film Eyes Wide Shut. Peter Bradshaw of The Guardian praised both Cruise and Kidman on their performances writing, "Cruise in particular lays himself open in that fiercely committed way that he tries everything as an actor".[40] That same year he took a rare supporting role, as a motivational speaker, Frank T.J. Mackey, in Paul Thomas Anderson's Magnolia (1999). Rolling Stone film critic Peter Travers heaped praise on Cruise writing, "Cruise is a revelation, fully deserving of the shower of superlatives coming his way ... Cruise seethes with the chaotic energy of a wounded animal – he's devastating."[41] For his performance he received another Golden Globe and nomination for an Academy Award.[42]

2000s: Established career

In 2000, Cruise returned as Ethan Hunt in the second installment of the Mission Impossible films, Mission: Impossible 2. The film was helmed by Hong Kong director John Woo and branded with his gun fu style; it continued the series' success at the box office, taking in $547 million worldwide.[43] Unlike its predecessor, it was the highest-grossing film of the year,[44] but had a mixed critical reception.[45] Cruise received an MTV Movie Award for Best Male Performance for the film.[46]

His next five films were major critical and commercial successes.[47][48] The following year, Cruise starred in the romantic thriller Vanilla Sky (2001) with Cameron Diaz and Penélope Cruz. In 2002, Cruise starred in the dystopian science fiction action film Minority Report, which was directed by Steven Spielberg and based on the short story by Philip K. Dick. It has since been included in lists of the greatest science fiction films of all time.[49][50][51]

Cruise at the 2007 London Film Festival for the premiere of Lions for Lambs

In 2003, he starred in Edward Zwick's period action drama The Last Samurai, for which he received a Golden Globe nomination for best actor.[52] In 2004, Cruise received critical acclaim for his performance as Vincent in Collateral. The critical consensus states that "Driven by director Michael Mann's trademark visuals and a lean, villainous performance from Tom Cruise, Collateral is a stylish and compelling noir thriller."[53] In 2005, Cruise worked again with Steven Spielberg in War of the Worlds, a loose adaptation of the H. G. Wells novel of the same name, which became the fourth highest-grossing film of the year with US$591.4 million worldwide.[54] Also in 2005, he was a nominee for the People's Choice Award for Favorite Male Movie Star[55] and the winner of the MTV Generation Award.[56] Cruise was nominated for seven Saturn Awards between 2002 and 2009, winning once. Nine of the ten films he starred in during the decade made over $100 million at the box office.[47]

In 2006, he returned to his role as Ethan Hunt in the third installment of the Mission Impossible film series, Mission: Impossible III. The film was more positively received by critics than the previous films in the series and grossed nearly $400 million at the box office.[57] In 2007, Cruise took a rare supporting role for the second time in Lions for Lambs, which was a commercial disappointment. This was followed by an unrecognizable appearance as "Les Grossman" in the 2008 comedy Tropic Thunder with Ben Stiller, Jack Black, and Robert Downey Jr. This performance earned Cruise a Golden Globe nomination.[52] Cruise played the central role in the historical thriller Valkyrie released on December 25, 2008, to box office success.[58]

2010s: Action star

In March 2010, Cruise completed filming the action-comedy Knight and Day, in which he re-teamed with former costar Cameron Diaz; the film was released on June 23, 2010.[59] On February 9, 2010, Cruise confirmed that he would star in Mission: Impossible – Ghost Protocol, the fourth installment in the Mission: Impossible series. The film was released in December 2011[60] to high critical acclaim[61] and box office success.[62] Unadjusted for ticket price inflation, it was Cruise's biggest commercial success to that date.[63]

Cruise at the 2013 San Diego Comic Con

On May 6, 2011, Cruise was awarded a humanitarian award from the Simon Wiesenthal Center and its Museum of Tolerance for his work as a dedicated philanthropist.[64] In mid-2011, Cruise started shooting the movie Rock of Ages (2012), in which he played the fictional character Stacee Jaxx. The film was released in June 2012 and was a rare box-office misstep for Cruise.[65] Cruise however received positive reviews for his performance with Variety's film critic Justin Chang writing, "Channeling the likes of Axl Rose and Keith Richards with his tattoos, heavy furs and even heavier eyeshadow, Cruise clearly relishes the opportunity to play against type even as he sends up his world's-biggest-movie-star identity, displaying a cock-of-the-rock strut that viewers haven't seen since his turn in Magnolia."[66]

Cruise starred as Jack Reacher in the film adaptation of British author Lee Child's 2005 novel One Shot. The film was released on December 21, 2012.[67] It met with positive reviews from critics and was a box office success grossing $217 million worldwide.[68][69] In 2013, he starred in the science fiction film Oblivion based on director Joseph Kosinski's graphic novel of the same name. The film met with mixed reviews and grossed $286 million worldwide. It also starred Morgan Freeman and Olga Kurylenko.[70][71] In 2014, Cruise starred in the science fiction-action film Edge of Tomorrow, which received positive reviews[72] and grossed over $370 million.[73]

In 2015, Cruise returned as Ethan Hunt in the fifth installment of the Mission: Impossible series, Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation, which he also produced.[74] Returning cast members included Simon Pegg as Benji and Jeremy Renner as William Brandt, with Christopher McQuarrie as director. The film earned high critical acclaim[75] and was a commercial success.[76] Cruise starred in the 2017 reboot of Boris Karloff's 1932 horror movie The Mummy.[77] The new film, also titled The Mummy, received negative reviews and disappointed at the box office, though still grossed over $400m.[78][79] In 2018, Cruise again reprised Ethan Hunt, in the sixth film in his franchise, Mission: Impossible – Fallout. The film was more positively received by critics than the previous films in the series and grossed over $791 million at the box office.[80][81] Unadjusted for ticket price inflation, it was Cruise's biggest commercial success to date.[82]

2020s: Franchise films

In May 2020, it was reported that Cruise would be starring in and producing a movie shot in outer space.[83] Doug Liman would be directing, writing, and co-producing. Both will fly to the International Space Station as part of a future Axiom Space mission in a SpaceX Dragon 2 spacecraft.[84] In May 2021, Cruise protested against the Hollywood Foreign Press Association (HFPA) by returning all three of his Golden Globe Awards in light of controversy surrounding the HFPA,[85] particularly its lack of diversity, specifically no black members, and ethical questions related to financial benefits to some of its members.[86]

In 2022, Cruise reprised his role as Captain Pete "Maverick" Mitchell in Top Gun: Maverick, a film which he also produced. The film premiered at the Cannes Film Festival where Cruise earned an Honorary Palme d'Or.[87] The film was released to widespread critical praise, with many reviewers deeming it superior to its predecessor.[88] The film broke several box office records upon its release; earning over $1 billion, becoming the highest-grossing film of his career.[89] Cruise earned $100 million for the film, when combining ticket sales, his salary, and his cut of home entertainment rentals and streaming revenues.[90]

Cruise reprised his role as Ethan Hunt in Mission: Impossible – Dead Reckoning which was released in theaters on July 12, 2023. The film received critical acclaim, but was a box office disappointment due to the box-office and cultural phenomenon dubbed Barbenheimer, which was the same-day release of Christopher Nolan's historical epic film Oppenheimer and Greta Gerwig's fantasy comedy Barbie.[91] Peter Debruge of Variety praised Dead Reckoning for its performances, action sequences and a satisfying ending, writing, "This outing may be one-half of a two-part finale, but it gives audiences enough closure to stand on its own".[92] In February 2024, it was announced that Cruise would star in a new film directed by Alejandro G. Iñárritu. This is set to be his first film at Warner Bros. Pictures in 10 years.[93]

In 2024, he appeared in the Paris 2024 Olympics closing ceremony to promote Los Angeles 2028 Summer Olympics, by jumping from the roof of the Stade de France stadium in Paris. He took the flag from Mayor Karen Bass and athlete Simone Biles.[94]

Production

Cruise partnered with his former talent agent Paula Wagner to form Cruise/Wagner Productions in 1993,[95] and the company has since co-produced several of Cruise's films, the first being Mission: Impossible in 1996 which was also Cruise's first project as a producer. In addition, Cruise has produced films in which he does not appear in, namely The Others, Shattered Glass, Elizabethtown, Narc, Ask the Dust, and Without Limits.[96]

Cruise in 2016

Cruise is noted as having negotiated some of the most lucrative film deals in Hollywood and was described in 2005 by Hollywood economist Edward Jay Epstein as "one of the most powerful – and richest – forces in Hollywood." Epstein argues that Cruise is one of the few producers (the others being George Lucas, Steven Spielberg and Jerry Bruckheimer) who are regarded as able to guarantee the success of a billion-dollar film franchise. Epstein also contends that the public obsession with Cruise's tabloid controversies obscures full appreciation of Cruise's exceptional commercial prowess.[97]

Break with Paramount

On August 22, 2006, Paramount Pictures announced it was ending its 14-year relationship with Cruise. In The Wall Street Journal, chairman of Viacom (Paramount's parent company) Sumner Redstone cited the economic damage to Cruise's value as an actor and producer from his controversial public behavior and views.[98][99] Cruise/Wagner Productions responded that Paramount's announcement was a face-saving move after the production company had successfully sought alternative financing from private equity firms.[100] Industry analysts such as Edward Jay Epstein commented that the real reason for the split was most likely Paramount's discontent over Cruise/Wagner's exceptionally large share of DVD sales from the Mission: Impossible franchise.[101][102]

Management of United Artists

In November 2006, Cruise and Paula Wagner announced that they had taken over the film studio United Artists.[95] Cruise acts as a producer and star in films for United Artists, while Wagner serves as UA's chief executive. Production began in 2007 of Valkyrie, a thriller based on the July 20, 1944, assassination attempt against Adolf Hitler. The film was acquired in March 2007 by United Artists. On March 21, 2007, Cruise signed to play Claus von Stauffenberg, the protagonist. This project marked the second production to be greenlighted since Cruise and Wagner took control of United Artists. The first was its inaugural film, Lions for Lambs, directed by Robert Redford and starring Redford, Meryl Streep and Cruise. In August 2008, Wagner stepped down from her position at United Artists; she retained her stake in UA, which combined with Cruise's share amounted to 30 percent of the studio.[103]

Return to Paramount

Cruise began working with Paramount again as a producer and star with Mission: Impossible – Ghost Protocol, without Wagner, which was a critical and commercial success. He and Wagner would collaborate for the final time on the modestly successful Jack Reacher series, also for Paramount.[104]

Move to Warner Bros. Discovery

In January 2024, it was announced that his production company was forming a new strategic partnership with Warner Bros. Discovery to develop and produce original and franchise films.[105][106]

Acting credits and accolades

See also: Tom Cruise filmography and List of awards and nominations received by Tom Cruise
Cruise's star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame
Cruise's handprints in Leicester Square, London

In 2006, Premiere ranked Cruise as Hollywood's most powerful actor,[107] as Cruise came in at number 13 on the magazine's 2006 Power List, being the highest ranked actor.[108] The same year, Forbes magazine ranked him as the world's most powerful celebrity.[109] The founder of CinemaScore in 2016 cited Cruise and Leonardo DiCaprio as the "two stars, it doesn't matter how bad the film is, they can pull [the box office] up."[110][111] October 10, 2006, was declared "Tom Cruise Day" in Japan; the Japan Memorial Day Association said that he was awarded with a special day because of "his love for and close association with Japan."[112]

While reviewing Days of Thunder, film critic Roger Ebert noted the similarities between several of Cruise's 1980s films and nicknamed the formula the "Tom Cruise Picture".[113] Ebert listed nine key ingredients that make up the Tom Cruise Picture: the Cruise character, the mentor, the superior woman, the craft he must hone, the arena it takes place in, the arcana or knowledge he must learn, the trail or journey, the proto enemy, and the eventual enemy of the character. Some of Cruise's later films like A Few Good Men and The Last Samurai can also be considered to be part of this formula. Widescreenings compares two of these Cruise characters in an article on the film A Few Good Men:

[screenwriter] Aaron Sorkin interestingly takes the opposite approach of Top Gun, where Cruise also starred as the protagonist. In Top Gun, Cruise plays Mitchell who is a 'hot shot' military underachiever who makes mistakes because he is trying to outperform his late father. Where Maverick Mitchell needs to rein in the discipline, Daniel Kaffee needs to let it go, finally see what he can do.[114]

Cruise is an aerobatic pilot and was inducted as part of the Living Legends of Aviation in 2010, receiving the Aviation Inspiration and Patriotism Award from the Kiddie Hawk Air Academy. In addition to other aircraft, Cruise owns a P-51 Mustang.[115]

Personal life

Marriages and relationships

Cruise splits his time between homes in Beverly Hills, California;[116] Clearwater, Florida;[117] and the South of England, where Cruise has lived in various places such as Central London, Dulwich,[118] East Grinstead,[119] and Biggin Hill.[120] In the early-to-mid-1980s, Cruise had relationships with Melissa Gilbert,[121] Rebecca De Mornay,[122] Patti Scialfa,[123] and Cher.[124]

Cruise and Mimi Rogers at the 1989 Oscars

Cruise married actress Mimi Rogers on May 9, 1987.[125] They divorced on February 4, 1990. Rogers had grown up in Scientology and was one of its 'auditors';[126] they met when Cruise became one of her clients.[127] In a 1993 Playboy interview, Rogers discussed her split from Cruise and said that he had been considering becoming a monk, which affected their intimacy. Rogers later retracted the comments and claimed she had been misinterpreted.[128][129] Rogers received a $4 million divorce settlement.[128]

Cruise met his second wife, actress Nicole Kidman, on the set of their film Days of Thunder (1990). The couple married on December 24, 1990. They adopted two children: Isabella Jane (born 1992) and Connor Antony (born 1995). On February 5, 2001, the couple's spokesperson announced their separation.[130] Cruise filed for divorce two days later, and their marriage was dissolved later that year, with Cruise citing irreconcilable differences.[131] In a 2007 interview with Marie Claire, Kidman noted the incorrect reporting of a miscarriage early in her marriage: "It was wrongly reported as miscarriage by everyone who picked up the story. So it's huge news, and it didn't happen. I had a miscarriage at the end of my marriage, but I had an ectopic pregnancy at the beginning of my marriage."[132]

Cruise was next romantically linked with Penélope Cruz, his co-star in Vanilla Sky (2001). Their three-year relationship ended in 2004.[133] An article in the October 2012 issue of Vanity Fair stated that several sources have said that after the breakup with Cruz, Scientologist leaders launched a secret project to find Cruise a new girlfriend. According to those sources, a series of "auditions" of Scientologist actresses resulted in a short-lived relationship with Iranian-British actress Nazanin Boniadi, who subsequently left Scientology.[134] Scientology and Cruise's lawyers issued strongly worded denials and threatened to sue, accusing Vanity Fair of "shoddy journalism" and "religious bigotry".[135] Journalist Roger Friedman later reported that he received an email from director and ex-Scientologist Paul Haggis confirming the story.[136][137]

Cruise with his then-wife Katie Holmes in May 2009

In April 2005, Cruise began dating actress Katie Holmes. On April 27 that year, Cruise and Holmes—dubbed TomKat by the media—made their first public appearance together in Rome.[138] A month later, Cruise publicly declared his love for Holmes on The Oprah Winfrey Show; he jumped on Winfrey's yellow couch and stood there to make the announcement. On October 6, 2005, Cruise and Holmes announced they were expecting a child.[139] In April 2006, their daughter Suri was born.

On November 18, Holmes and Cruise were married at the 15th-century castle Castello Orsini-Odescalchi in Bracciano, in a Scientologist ceremony attended by many Hollywood stars.[140][141] Their publicists said the couple had "officialized" their marriage in Los Angeles the day before the Italian ceremony.[142] There has been widespread speculation that their marriage was arranged by the Church of Scientology.[143][144] David Miscavige, the head of Scientology, served as Cruise's best man.[145] On June 29, 2012, Holmes filed for divorce from Cruise.[146][147] On July 9, the couple signed a divorce settlement worked out by their lawyers.[148] New York law requires all divorce documents remain sealed, so the exact terms of the settlement are not publicly available.[149] Cruise stated that ex-wife Katie Holmes divorced him in part to protect the couple's daughter Suri from Scientology and that Suri is no longer a practicing member of the organization.[150]

Litigation

In 1998, Cruise successfully sued the Daily Express, a British tabloid which alleged that his marriage to Kidman was a sham designed to cover up his homosexuality.[151] In May 2001, Cruise filed a lawsuit against gay porn actor Chad Slater. Slater had told the celebrity magazine Actustar that he had been involved in an affair with Cruise. This claim was strongly denied by Cruise,[152] and Slater was ordered to pay $10 million to Cruise in damages after Slater declared he could not afford to defend himself against the suit and would therefore default. Cruise requested a default judgment, and in January 2003, a Los Angeles judge decided against Slater after he admitted that his claims were false.[153][154]

Cruise also sued Bold Magazine publisher Michael Davis for $100 million, because Davis had alleged that he had video that would prove Cruise was gay. The suit was dropped in exchange for a public statement by Davis that the video was not of Cruise, and that Cruise was heterosexual.[155] In 2006, Cruise sued cybersquatter Jeff Burgar to obtain control of the TomCruise.com domain name. When owned by Burgar, the domain redirected to information about Cruise on Celebrity1000.com. The decision to turn TomCruise.com over to Cruise was handed down by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) on July 5, 2006.[156]

In 2009, magazine editor Michael Davis Sapir[157] filed a suit charging that his phone had been wiretapped at Cruise's behest. That suit was dismissed by a Central Civil West court judge in Los Angeles on the grounds that the statute of limitations had expired on Sapir's claim.[158][159] In October 2012, Cruise filed a lawsuit against In Touch and Life & Style magazines for defamation after they claimed Cruise had "abandoned" his six-year-old daughter.[160] During deposition, Cruise admitted that "he didn't see his daughter for 110 days". The suit was settled the following year.[161]

Scientology advocacy

Cruise was converted to Scientology by his first wife, Mimi Rogers, in 1986 and became an outspoken advocate for the Church of Scientology in the 2000s. His involvement in the organization was leaked by the tabloid Star in 1990, and he publicly announced he followed Scientology in a 1992 interview with Barbara Walters. Cruise has said that Scientology, and Study Technology in particular, helped him overcome his dyslexia.[162][163] Cruise has been a close friend of Scientology leader David Miscavige since the 1980s.[164][165]

Several years after Cruise started studying Scientology, the organization's leaders promised to share some Scientology secrets with him,[166] including information about the extraterrestrial ruler Xenu. According to Janet Reitman's book Inside Scientology: The Story of America's Most Secretive Religion (2011), Cruise "freaked out" and took a step back from the Church to work on the film Eyes Wide Shut.[166] In 1999, Marty Rathbun was sent by David Miscavige to convince Cruise to return to the Church and continue his studies.[166] Cruise later sparked controversy in the 2000s with his efforts to promote Scientology.[166]

In the aftermath of 9/11, Cruise co-founded and raised donations for Downtown Medical to offer New York City rescue workers "detoxification therapy", drawing criticism from medical professionals and firefighters.[167][168] In late 2004, David Miscavige created the Scientology Freedom Medal of Valor and awarded it to Cruise for this work.[169] Former Scientologist Paul Haggis has claimed that Cruise attempted to convert several celebrities to Scientology, including James Packer, Victoria and David Beckham, Jada Pinkett, Will Smith, and Steven Spielberg.[165] Since 2008, Cruise has restricted interviewers from asking him about Scientology.[170]

Political lobbying

As well as promoting various programs to introduce people to Scientology, Cruise campaigned for Scientology to be recognized as a religion in Europe. In 2005, the Council of Paris revealed that Cruise had lobbied French Interior Minister Nicolas Sarkozy and Senate President Jean-Claude Gaudin; they described Cruise as a militant spokesman for Scientology and barred any further dealings with him.[171][172]

Controversies

Criticism of psychiatry

See also: Anti-psychiatry

In January 2004, Cruise said, "I think psychiatry should be outlawed."[173] In 2005, he criticized actress Brooke Shields for using the drug Paxil (paroxetine), an antidepressant which she used to recover from postpartum depression after the birth of her first daughter in 2003. Cruise asserted that there is no such thing as a chemical imbalance and that psychiatry is a form of pseudoscience. In response, Shields argued that Cruise "should stick to saving the world from aliens and let women who are experiencing postpartum depression decide what treatment options are best for them."[174] This led to a heated argument between Cruise and Matt Lauer on NBC's Today on June 24, 2005.[175][176]

Medical authorities view Cruise's comments as furthering the social stigma of mental illness.[177] From The Lancet, "He may be right that psychotropic drugs are overused, sometimes misused; and that lifestyle changes (and exercise for depression) can be helpful. But he is wrong, as a celebrity, to add to the burden of those with a mental illness, who often fear seeking or continuing treatment because of the stigma still attached to their condition."[177] Shields called Cruise's comments "a disservice to mothers everywhere".[178] In late August 2006, Cruise apologized in person to Shields for his comments.[179]

Scientology is well known for its opposition to mainstream psychiatry and psychoactive drugs that are routinely prescribed for treatment.[169] It was reported that Cruise's anti-psychiatry actions led to a rift with director Steven Spielberg.[180] Spielberg had reportedly mentioned in Cruise's presence the name of a doctor friend who prescribed psychiatric medication. Shortly thereafter, the doctor's office was picketed by Scientologists, reportedly angering Spielberg.[181]

YouTube video removal

Main article: Project Chanology § Tom Cruise video

On January 15, 2008, a video produced by the Church of Scientology featuring an interview with Cruise was posted on YouTube by the Anonymous-linked group Project Chanology, showing Cruise discussing what being a Scientologist means to him.[182][183] The Church of Scientology said the video had been "pirated and edited", and was taken from a three-hour video produced for members of Scientology.[183][184] YouTube removed the Cruise video from their site under threat of litigation.[185] It was subsequently reinstated on the site, and as of June 2020, the video has achieved over 15 million views.[186]

Purported influence

In March 2004, his publicist of 14 years, Pat Kingsley, resigned. Cruise's next publicist was Lee Anne DeVette, his sister, who was herself a Scientologist. She served in that role until November 2005.[187] DeVette was replaced with Paul Bloch from the publicity firm Rogers and Cowan.[188] Such restructuring was seen as a move to curtail publicity of his views on Scientology, as well as the controversy surrounding his relationship with Katie Holmes.[189] Lawrence Wright's 2013 book Going Clear: Scientology and the Prison of Belief and Alex Gibney's 2015 television documentary adaptation of the same name cast a spotlight on Cruise's role in Scientology. The book and the film both allege that the Scientology organization groomed romantic partners for Cruise and that Cruise used Sea Org and Rehabilitation Project Force workers as a source of free labor.[190][165] In the film, Cruise's former auditor Marty Rathbun claims that wife Nicole Kidman was wiretapped on Cruise's suggestion, which Cruise's lawyer denies.[191][192] Cruise's ex-girlfriend Nazanin Boniadi later compared the Scientology organization's auditioning of women to date Cruise and experiences with him to "white slavery".[193]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Will Tom Cruise Be the Last Real Movie Star?". Esquire. May 25, 2022. Archived from the original on November 18, 2023. Retrieved November 18, 2023.
  2. ^ "From 'Top Gun' to Hollywood icon: The best of Tom Cruise through the years". Yahoo Finance. May 27, 2022. Archived from the original on November 18, 2023. Retrieved November 18, 2023.
  3. ^ Radhakrishnan, Manjusha (June 26, 2023). "Hollywood icon Tom Cruise swoops down Abu Dhabi for 'Mission: Impossible — Dead Reckoning, Part One' premiere". Gulf News. Archived from the original on August 31, 2024. Retrieved November 19, 2023.
  4. ^ "Tom Cruise". The Numbers. Archived from the original on July 15, 2024. Retrieved July 20, 2023.
  5. ^ "Top 100 Stars in Leading Roles at the Worldwide Box Office". The Numbers. Archived from the original on November 4, 2018. Retrieved July 18, 2024.
  6. ^ Block, Alex Ben; Wilson, Lucy Autrey, eds. (2010). George Lucas's Blockbusting: A Decade-By-Decade Survey of Timeless Movies Including Untold Secrets of Their Financial and Cultural Success. HarperCollins. pp. 616–617, 714–715, 824–825 & 832. ISBN 978-0-06-177889-6.
  7. ^ "Most consecutive $100-million-grossing movies (actor)". Guiness World Records. Retrieved September 13, 2024.
  8. ^ "Tom Cruise ranked 1 among The Top 100 Celebrities In 2006". Forbes. May 1, 2007. Archived from the original on June 17, 2006. Retrieved May 1, 2007.
  9. ^ "This is every 'Sexiest Man Alive' winner since 1985". November 7, 2022. Archived from the original on February 21, 2024. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
  10. ^ Stopera, Matt (August 11, 2022). "Here's Who The "Most Beautiful Person" Was Since 1990, Then And Now — And, Like, There Are Some Serious Transformations". BuzzFeed. Archived from the original on June 15, 2023. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
  11. ^ "Tom Cruise". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved July 2, 2020.
  12. ^ "About Tom". Time. June 24, 2002. Archived from the original on August 24, 2013. Retrieved February 3, 2013.
  13. ^ "If truth be told, Tom Cruise Mapother IV has always been something of a ladies' man" (PDF). Gloucester Historical Society. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2017.
  14. ^ "Tom Cruise's Irish Ancestry". Eneclann.ie. March 28, 2013. Archived from the original on April 7, 2016. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
  15. ^ "Ancestry of Tom Cruise". Wargs.com. Archived from the original on October 27, 2011. Retrieved August 8, 2009.
  16. ^ "Stars you didn't know were related". EW.com. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved February 18, 2020.
  17. ^ a b "I Can Create Who I Am". Parade. April 9, 2006. Archived from the original on April 12, 2011. Retrieved February 18, 2011.
  18. ^ Fisher, Luchina (July 10, 2012). "Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes: Very Different Upbringings". ABCNews.go.com. ABC. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved October 13, 2016.
  19. ^ "New Jersey Entertainers". FamousNewJerseyans.com. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2014.
  20. ^ a b c d e Morton, Andrew (January 15, 2008). Tom Cruise: An Unauthorized Biography (PDF). Ch. 1. Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-4299-3390-2. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved October 13, 2016.
  21. ^ "Robert Hopkins School Profile" (PDF). ocdsb.ca. Ottawa-Carleton District School Board. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 17, 2013. Retrieved September 25, 2012.
  22. ^ "Carolyn Hax: After acrimony, and mom's death, how to tell husband I don't want a divorce after all". April 29, 2019. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved April 29, 2019.
  23. ^ WHITE, CHRIS (March 4, 2013). "EXCLUSIVE: Tom Cruise started religious journey with Catholic Church—until he was booted from seminary for swiping booze, says old friend". New York Daily News. Archived from the original on July 13, 2021. Retrieved July 13, 2021.
  24. ^ a b Morton, Andrew (January 15, 2008). Tom Cruise: An Unauthorized Biography. Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-4299-3390-2.
  25. ^ a b Huddleston, Tom Jr. (July 27, 2018). "These were 'Mission: Impossible—Fallout' star Tom Cruise's first jobs as a kid". CNBC. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
  26. ^ Tribune, Chicago (April 6, 2006). "Cruise tells of pain of bullies, abusive father". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
  27. ^ a b "Tom Cruise Biography, Filmography". Fox News. March 25, 2015. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
  28. ^ Higgins, Bill (December 17, 2011). "How Tom Cruise and Sean Penn Got Their Big Breaks". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on August 13, 2022. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
  29. ^ "Risky Business". Rotten Tomatoes. Archived from the original on June 19, 2006. Retrieved May 10, 2006.
  30. ^ "Ridley Scott's beautiful dark twisted fantasy: the making of Legend". The Daily Telegraph. London. October 9, 2015. Archived from the original on January 18, 2018. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
  31. ^ "Obituary: Tony Scott". BBC News. August 20, 2012. Archived from the original on August 21, 2012. Retrieved October 9, 2015.
  32. ^ "The Color of Money (R)". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on October 13, 2022. Retrieved June 22, 2022.
  33. ^ "The 61st Academy Awards (1989) Nominees and Winners". oscars.org. Archived from the original on May 2, 2019. Retrieved July 31, 2011.
  34. ^ "Born on the Fourth of July movie review". Rogerebert.com. Archived from the original on November 14, 2022. Retrieved June 22, 2022.
  35. ^ "The 62nd Academy Awards (1990) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. October 5, 2014. Archived from the original on May 10, 2019. Retrieved June 8, 2018.
  36. ^ Go Figure Archived December 29, 2020, at the Wayback Machine, Entertainment Weekly, December 30, 1994.
  37. ^ Foutch, Haleigh (May 22, 2016). "'Mission: Impossible' 20 Years Later: How An Uneasy Spy Thriller Became a Blockbuster Franchise". Collider. Archived from the original on July 17, 2018. Retrieved July 17, 2018.
  38. ^ Holden, Stephen (May 22, 1996). "FILM REVIEW;Mission Accepted: Tom Cruise as Superhero". The New York Times. Archived from the original on July 11, 2022. Retrieved June 22, 2022.
  39. ^ "Jerry Maguire (1996)". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on January 2, 2010. Retrieved January 6, 2010.
  40. ^ "Eyes Wide Shut review – chilling". The Guardian. November 29, 2019. Archived from the original on November 17, 2022. Retrieved June 22, 2022.
  41. ^ "Magnolia – Rolling Stone". Rolling Stone. February 27, 2001. Archived from the original on July 11, 2022. Retrieved June 22, 2022.
  42. ^ "Nominees & Winners for the 72nd Academy Awards". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved January 3, 2014.
  43. ^ Mendelson, Scott. "Tom Cruise's 'Mission: Impossible' Sequels Have A History Of Unexpected Delays And Long Waits". Forbes. Archived from the original on July 12, 2022. Retrieved July 3, 2022.
  44. ^ Thompson, Simon. "'Mission: Impossible' Turns 25: The Franchise Ranked By Worldwide Box Office". Forbes. Archived from the original on October 13, 2022. Retrieved July 3, 2022.
  45. ^ Mission: Impossible II, archived from the original on October 3, 2018, retrieved July 3, 2022
  46. ^ "MTV Movie Awards: 2001 Highlights". MTV. Archived from the original on October 13, 2022. Retrieved July 3, 2022.
  47. ^ a b "Tom Cruise". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved April 15, 2012.
  48. ^ "Tom Cruise Movies, News, and Pictures on Rotten Tomatoes". Rottentomatoes.com. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2010.
  49. ^ "The 150 Greatest Science Fiction Movies of All Time". Rolling Stone. January 2024.
  50. ^ "Of course Spielberg's best shot ever is in his most underrated movie, 'Minority Report'". March 13, 2023.
  51. ^ "The 100 best sci-fi movies of all time". June 15, 2023.
  52. ^ a b "Tom Cruise". www.goldenglobes.com. Archived from the original on October 13, 2022. Retrieved July 3, 2022.
  53. ^ Collateral, archived from the original on June 5, 2020, retrieved July 3, 2022
  54. ^ Rich, Joshua (July 6, 2006). "Hollywood's mid-term report card". EW.com. Archived from the original on October 13, 2022. Retrieved July 3, 2022.
  55. ^ "People's Choice Awards, USA (2005)". IMDb. Archived from the original on October 19, 2022. Retrieved July 3, 2022.
  56. ^ "MTV Movie Awards: 2005 Highlights". MTV. Archived from the original on July 11, 2022. Retrieved July 3, 2022.
  57. ^ "Mission: Impossible III (2006)". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on August 15, 2009. Retrieved August 8, 2009.
  58. ^ "Valkyrie (2008)". Box Office Mojo. April 16, 2009. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2010.
  59. ^ "Knight and Day". Knightanddaymovie.com. Archived from the original on August 19, 2010. Retrieved July 31, 2010.
  60. ^ "Cruise to star in 'Mission: Impossible 4' – Entertainment – Access Hollywood". Today.com. February 9, 2010. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2010.
  61. ^ "Mission: Impossible Ghost Protocol (2011)". Rotten Tomatoes. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved June 20, 2012.
  62. ^ "Mission: Impossible – Ghost Protocol (2011)". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on July 19, 2019. Retrieved April 13, 2012.
  63. ^ Subers, Ray (February 7, 2012). "Around-the-World Roundup: 'M:I-4' Passes $600 Million Worldwide". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on February 10, 2012. Retrieved February 13, 2012.
  64. ^ "Tom Cruise's Remarks on Receiving the Simon Wiesenthal Center's Humanitarian Award". Simon Wiesenthal Center. Archived from the original on April 8, 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
  65. ^ Everett, Christina (May 15, 2012). "Tom Cruise flaunts his abs, fake tattoos in 'Rock of Ages'-inspired photo shoot for W magazine". Daily News. New York. Archived from the original on May 18, 2012. Retrieved May 15, 2012.
  66. ^ "Rock of Ages – Variety". Variety. June 11, 2012. Archived from the original on September 4, 2023. Retrieved June 22, 2022.
  67. ^ Schwarzbaum, Lisa (January 3, 2013). "Jack Reacher (2012)". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved July 13, 2013.
  68. ^ "Jack Reacher". Rotten Tomatoes. Archived from the original on July 25, 2013. Retrieved July 12, 2013.
  69. ^ "Jack Reacher". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on February 16, 2015. Retrieved July 13, 2013.
  70. ^ "Oblivion". Metacritic. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved July 13, 2013.
  71. ^ "Oblivion". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on July 13, 2013. Retrieved July 13, 2013.
  72. ^ "Live Die Repeat: Edge of Tomorrow (2014)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved November 17, 2020.
  73. ^ "Edge of Tomorrow". Box Office Mojo. September 11, 2014. Archived from the original on April 12, 2016. Retrieved April 16, 2016.
  74. ^ "Tom Cruise Signs to Star in Mission: Impossible 5". ComingSoon.net. May 7, 2013. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved April 2, 2015.
  75. ^ "Mission: Impossible Rogue Nation (2015)". Rotten Tomatoes. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved September 29, 2019.
  76. ^ "Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation (2015)". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on November 17, 2013. Retrieved September 29, 2019.
  77. ^ Mendelson, Scott (January 21, 2016). "Tom Cruise will officially star in the Mummy". Forbes. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved January 22, 2016.
  78. ^ Setoodeh, Ramin; Lang, Brent (June 14, 2017). "Inside 'The Mummy's' Troubles: Tom Cruise Had Excessive Control (EXCLUSIVE)". Archived from the original on June 15, 2017. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
  79. ^ Scott, A. O. (June 7, 2017). "Review: 'The Mummy,' With Tom Cruise, Deserves a Quick Burial". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
  80. ^ "Mission: Impossible – Fallout (2018)". Rotten Tomatoes. Archived from the original on July 12, 2018. Retrieved September 29, 2019.
  81. ^ "Mission: Impossible – Fallout (2018)". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on February 12, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2019.
  82. ^ "Tom Cruise Movie Box Office Results". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on September 10, 2019. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
  83. ^ Kit, Borys (May 26, 2020). "Doug Liman to Direct Tom Cruise Movie That Will Shoot in Space". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on May 3, 2021. Retrieved June 1, 2020.
  84. ^ "Tom Cruise is officially going to space for his next movie". September 22, 2020. Archived from the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved November 18, 2020.
  85. ^ Fulser, Jeremy (May 10, 2021). "Tom Cruise Returns His 3 Golden Globes in Protest Against HFPA". The Wrap. Archived from the original on May 10, 2021. Retrieved May 10, 2021.
  86. ^ Melas, Chloe (May 10, 2021). "Tom Cruise returns Golden Globe Awards in protest of HFPA". CNN. Archived from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved May 12, 2021.
  87. ^ "Tom Cruise wins surprise Palme d'Or award at Cannes Film Festival: 'I make movies for the big screen'". USA Today. Archived from the original on October 21, 2022. Retrieved June 22, 2022.
  88. ^ Campbell, Christopher (May 12, 2022). "Top Gun: Maverick First Reviews: The Most Thrilling Blockbuster We've Gotten In Years". Rotten Tomatoes. Archived from the original on May 12, 2022. Retrieved June 22, 2022.
  89. ^ Bankhurst, Adam (June 18, 2022). "Top Gun: Maverick Is Officially Tom Cruise's Highest-Grossing Movie Ever". IGN. Archived from the original on October 13, 2022. Retrieved June 22, 2022.
  90. ^ Lang, Brent (July 20, 2022). "Inside Movie Stars' Salaries: Joaquin Phoenix Nabs $20M for Joker 2, Tom Cruise Heads to Over $100M and More". Variety. Archived from the original on July 20, 2022. Retrieved July 21, 2022.
  91. ^ "Mission: Impossible struggles at box office against record-breaking might of Barbenheimer". The Independent. July 24, 2023. Archived from the original on November 11, 2023. Retrieved November 11, 2023.
  92. ^ "'Mission: Impossible — Dead Reckoning Part One' Review: A Stunt-Loving Tom Cruise Takes On AI … and Big-Screen CG Rivals". Variety. July 5, 2023. Archived from the original on October 26, 2023. Retrieved November 11, 2023.
  93. ^ Kroll, Justin (February 22, 2024). "Tom Cruise To Star In Alejandro G. Iñárritu's Next Film At Warner Bros. And Legendary". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on February 22, 2024. Retrieved February 23, 2024.
  94. ^ "Tom Cruise descends from stadium roof in daring Olympic finale". BBC. August 12, 2024. Retrieved August 14, 2024.
  95. ^ a b "MGM Partners With Tom Cruise and Paula Wagner to Form New United Artists". Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios. PR Newswire. November 2, 2006. Archived from the original on September 29, 2008.
  96. ^ "Tom Cruise Production Credits". IMDb. Archived from the original on July 30, 2018. Retrieved January 22, 2016.
  97. ^ Epstein, Edward Jay (June 27, 2005). "Tom Cruise Inc". Slate.com. Archived from the original on September 28, 2008. Retrieved October 31, 2008.
  98. ^ "CNN: Paramount Pictures cuts ties with Tom Cruise". CNN. August 23, 2006. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved August 8, 2009.
  99. ^ "Sumner Redstone Rebuke of Tom Cruise: Now What?". National Ledger. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved August 8, 2009.
  100. ^ Lieberman, David (August 24, 2006). "Cruise seeks financial backing from hedge funds". USA Today. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved August 8, 2009.
  101. ^ "Paramount vs Cruise: all down to the killer cut". Financial Times. August 24, 2006. Archived from the original on July 25, 2008. Retrieved April 2, 2015.
  102. ^ Sperling, Nicole (August 24, 2006). "Biz eyeing economics of Cruise-Par breakup: DVD slowdown forcing restraint". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on January 13, 2009. Retrieved August 8, 2009.
  103. ^ Eller, Claudia (August 14, 2008). "Wagner resigns as chief of UA". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved March 3, 2023.
  104. ^ Bird, Brad (December 21, 2011), Mission: Impossible - Ghost Protocol (Action, Adventure, Thriller), Tom Cruise, Jeremy Renner, Simon Pegg, Paramount Pictures, Skydance Media, TC Productions, archived from the original on March 25, 2024, retrieved March 21, 2024
  105. ^ Lang, Brett (January 9, 2024). "Tom Cruise Signs Deal With Warner Bros. to Develop and Produce Original and Franchise Films". Variety. Archived from the original on January 10, 2024. Retrieved January 11, 2024.
  106. ^ Masters, Kim (January 11, 2024). "What Tom Cruise's New Deal Really Means". THR. Archived from the original on January 11, 2024. Retrieved January 11, 2024.
  107. ^ "The Power List 2006". Premiere. June 2006. Archived from the original on January 20, 2007. Retrieved July 29, 2008.
  108. ^ "The Power List 2006". Premiere. Archived from the original on January 20, 2007. Retrieved July 3, 2012.
  109. ^ "Tom Cruise ranked 1 among The Top 100 Celebrities In 2006". Forbes. May 1, 2007. Archived from the original on June 17, 2006. Retrieved May 1, 2007.
  110. ^ Lawrence, Christopher (August 30, 2016). "Las Vegan's polling company keeps tabs on Hollywood". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Archived from the original on December 24, 2016. Retrieved December 24, 2016.
  111. ^ "Why Tom Cruise is contemporary cinema's Peter Pan". The Independent. October 31, 2019. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
  112. ^ "Tom Cruise Day". Hollywood.com. Archived from the original on December 8, 2012. Retrieved August 8, 2009.
  113. ^ Ebert, Roger. "Days Of Thunder movie review & film summary (1990) | Roger Ebert". www.rogerebert.com. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved May 21, 2020.
  114. ^ Dlouhy, Inspired by R. Swanson and CrystalX by Vit. "Review and analysis: A Few Good Men". Widescreenings.com. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2017.
  115. ^ Wood, Janice (January 2010). "Living Legends of Aviation to honor Tom Cruise, Buzz Aldrin". General Aviation News. Archived from the original on August 31, 2024. Retrieved August 4, 2022.
  116. ^ "Tom Cruise House – Beverly Hills | | Celebrity Homes". www.celebhomes.net. December 10, 2012. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved April 27, 2020.
  117. ^ "Tom Cruise's New Florida Penthouse Near Scientology Headquarters Features 'Pool Garden and Kitchen'". Popculture.com. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved April 27, 2020.
  118. ^ "Star couple 'buy London home'". news.bbc.co.uk. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved April 27, 2020.
  119. ^ "Tom Cruise puts £4.95 million East Grinstead mansion up for sale". The Daily Telegraph. December 28, 2015. ISSN 0307-1235. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved April 27, 2020.
  120. ^ Honey, Sam (May 16, 2022). "Tom Cruise's quiet life in Biggin Hill and his daughter's very ordinary life". KentLive. Archived from the original on September 4, 2023. Retrieved July 5, 2022.
  121. ^ Ross, Martha (July 12, 2021). "Is Tom Cruise's rumored new girlfriend ... July 2021". mercurynews.com. The Mercury News. Archived from the original on October 13, 2022. Retrieved April 25, 2022.
  122. ^ "Cruise Control". Vh1. May 27, 2005. Archived from the original on June 29, 2011. Retrieved June 5, 2011.
  123. ^ "Romancing the Boss". People. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved April 27, 2020.
  124. ^ "Cher reveals affair with Tom Cruise". NewsComAu. Archived from the original on June 17, 2010. Retrieved April 2, 2015.
  125. ^ "Now Married to Mimi Rogers, Tom's Cruising Days Are Over". People. Archived from the original on September 19, 2015.
  126. ^ Reitman, Janet (2011). Inside Scientology: The Story of America's Most Secretive Religion. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. pp. 272–273. ISBN 978-0-618-88302-8. OL 24881847M.
  127. ^ Masters, Kim (September–October 2005). "The Passion of Tom Cruise". Radar. as excerpted by Radar at RadarOnline.com
  128. ^ a b Evans, Gerard (March 1, 1993). "Mimi Rogers withdraws Tom Cruise sex claims". Evening Standard. Archived from the original on August 31, 2024. Retrieved April 12, 2023.
  129. ^ Leve, Ariel (August 15, 2004). "Cruise's Bruises". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on March 3, 2012. Retrieved August 9, 2012 – via Ariel-leve.com.
  130. ^ Tresniowski, Alex (February 19, 2001). "Hearts Wide Shut". People. Archived from the original on July 2, 2012. Retrieved January 10, 2024.
  131. ^ "Nicole Kidman says she still loves Tom Cruise". The Today Show. May 9, 2006. Archived from the original on October 2, 2021. Retrieved January 10, 2024.
  132. ^ Gordon, Meryl (November 11, 2007). "Nicole Kidman Tells It Like It Is". Marie Claire. Archived from the original on January 17, 2013. Retrieved January 10, 2024.
  133. ^ "Cruise and Cruz end relationship". BBC News. March 26, 2004. Archived from the original on January 6, 2017. Retrieved October 31, 2008.
  134. ^ "Tom Cruise's Scientology Marriages: The Secret Wife-Auditioning Process Before Katie Holmes, Revealed". Vanity Fair. September 1, 2012. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved September 5, 2012.
  135. ^ Adams, Guy (September 11, 2012). "Scientology threatens Vanity Fair over Tom Cruise 'auditions' claims". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved September 12, 2012. Citing a mixture of "shoddy journalism" and "religious bigotry," the Church of Scientology is threatening to sue Vanity Fair over a recent article claiming that it helped "audition" young actresses to find a suitable girlfriend for Tom Cruise.
  136. ^ Friedman, Roger (September 2, 2012). "Exclusive: Oscar Winner Paul Haggis on Tom Cruise Scientology Girlfriend: 'I'm appalled that any church would treat its parishioners this way'". Showbiz411.com. Archived from the original on March 14, 2017. Retrieved September 5, 2012.
  137. ^ "Tom Cruise lawyer on Vanity Fair expose: 'Tired old lies'". CBS News. September 5, 2012. Archived from the original on September 6, 2012. Retrieved September 5, 2012.
  138. ^ Soriano, César G. (May 5, 2005). "Tom, Katie flying high on romance". USA Today. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved March 3, 2023.
  139. ^ Smith, Ryan E. (October 6, 2005). "Baby frenzy begins: Katie Holmes and Tom Cruise are expecting their first child together". The Blade. Toledo. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved September 17, 2021.
  140. ^ Soriano, César G (November 20, 2006). "Mr. and Mrs. TomKat: Inside their fairy-tale wedding". USA Today. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved February 12, 2008.
  141. ^ "Cruise, Holmes exchange vows in castle". Toledo Blade. November 19, 2006. Archived from the original on February 3, 2008. Retrieved September 5, 2012.
  142. ^ Sanminiatelli, Maria (November 19, 2006). "Now they are one: The TomKat is officially united at long last". Orlando Sentinel.
  143. ^ "Holmes, Sweet Holmes". W. August 2005. Archived from the original on May 2, 2013. Retrieved July 30, 2012.
  144. ^ "An Inquiry Into the Very Public Private Marriage of Katie Holmes and Tom Cruise". Vulture. New York Media LLC. July 22, 2012. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved July 30, 2012.
  145. ^ "Cruise and Holmes go on honeymoon". BBC News. November 19, 2006. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2007.
  146. ^ "Tom Cruise, Katie Holmes to divorce". CNN Entertainment. June 29, 2012. Archived from the original on June 29, 2012. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  147. ^ Heyman, J.D. (June 29, 2012). "Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes Are Divorcing". People. Archived from the original on June 29, 2012. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  148. ^ Duke, Alan (July 10, 2012). "Tom Cruise, Katie Holmes settle divorce". CNN. Archived from the original on July 10, 2012. Retrieved July 9, 2012.
  149. ^ Sternberg, Louis (July 14, 2012). "Did Katie Holmes File for Divorce from Tom Cruise in New York to Protect Her Privacy?". louislsternberglaw.com. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved July 14, 2012.
  150. ^ Marcus, Stephanie (November 8, 2013). "Tom Cruise Admits Katie Holmes Divorced Him To Protect Suri From Scientology". The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved February 18, 2020.
  151. ^ "Cruise and Kidman win libel case". BBC News. October 29, 1998. Archived from the original on May 3, 2009. Retrieved April 15, 2012.
  152. ^ Davis, Simon (May 4, 2001). "Cruise sues porn star over gay love claims". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
  153. ^ "Cruise wins 'gay' claims legal battle". BBC News. January 16, 2003. Archived from the original on February 18, 2008. Retrieved April 15, 2012.
  154. ^ Silverman, Stephen (January 16, 2003). "Cruise Wins $10 Million in Gay Lawsuit". People. Archived from the original on February 18, 2019. Retrieved February 17, 2019.
  155. ^ "Cruise gay claims dropped". BBC News. December 1, 2001. Archived from the original on December 21, 2007. Retrieved April 15, 2012.
  156. ^ Arbitration and Mediation Center (July 5, 2006). "WIPO Domain Name Decision: D2006-0560". Arbiter.wipo.int. Archived from the original on August 6, 2006. Retrieved August 8, 2009.
  157. ^ "Tom Cruise Gives Guarded Testimony in Wiretapping Case". The State Journal-Register. December 27, 2012. Archived from the original on August 31, 2024. Retrieved March 29, 2024.
  158. ^ "Tom Cruise Accused of Wiretap Conspiracy With Convicted Criminal Anthony Pellicano During Nicole Kidman Divorce". Celebuzz. July 6, 2012. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved April 4, 2015.
  159. ^ "Tom Cruise, Bert Fields Win Dismissal of Pellicano Wiretapping Suit". TheWrap. March 18, 2013. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved February 18, 2020.
  160. ^ "Tom Cruise Files $50 Mil Lawsuit Over Mag Claiming He Abandoned Suri". TMZ. October 24, 2012. Archived from the original on October 25, 2012. Retrieved October 24, 2012.
  161. ^ "Tom Cruise settles $50M lawsuit over reports he 'abandoned' Suri". New York Daily News. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved April 6, 2015.
  162. ^ "Tom Cruise: My Struggle to Read". People. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved April 2, 2015.
  163. ^ "Cruise credits Scientology for his success". Today.com. May 24, 2005. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved May 11, 2008.
  164. ^ "Tom Cruise and Scientology". Los Angeles Times. December 18, 2005. Archived from the original on September 4, 2023. Retrieved March 17, 2023.
  165. ^ a b c Wright, Lawrence (2013). Going clear: Scientology, Hollywood, and the prison of belief. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 978-0-307-70066-7. OCLC 818318033.
  166. ^ a b c d "How The Scientologists Recruited Tom Cruise". news.yahoo.com. July 9, 2012. Archived from the original on August 31, 2024. Retrieved June 18, 2022.
  167. ^ O'Donnell, Michelle (October 4, 2003). "Scientologist's Treatments Lure Firefighters". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 7, 2016. Retrieved February 20, 2017.
  168. ^ Friedman, Roger (December 22, 2006). "Tom Cruise Can't Put Out These Fires". Fox News. Archived from the original on January 9, 2007. Retrieved December 30, 2006.
  169. ^ a b Orth, Maureen (October 2012). "What Katie Didn't Know". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on September 26, 2020. Retrieved February 18, 2020.
  170. ^
  171. ^ "Paris snubs Scientology 'militant' Cruise". Irish Examiner. July 13, 2005. Archived from the original on January 7, 2009. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
  172. ^ "Tom Cruise ne sera pas citoyen d'honneur de Paris" [Tom Cruise will not be an honorary citizen of Paris] (in French). Paris. AFP. July 12, 2005. Archived from the original on April 25, 2012.
  173. ^ Desai, Nimesh (October–December 2005). "Antipsychiatry: Meeting the challenge". Indian Journal of Psychiatry. 47 (4): 185–187. doi:10.4103/0019-5545.43048. ISSN 0019-5545. PMC 2921130. PMID 20711302.
  174. ^ "Brooke Shields Lashes Out at Tom Cruise". People. New York City. June 2, 2005. Archived from the original on November 13, 2015. Retrieved July 8, 2018.
  175. ^ "In tense moment, Cruise calls Lauer 'glib'". NBC News. June 28, 2005. Archived from the original on February 17, 2020. Retrieved July 25, 2019.
  176. ^ Tom Cruise's Heated Interview With Matt Lauer | Archives | TODAY, June 2, 2014, archived from the original on August 31, 2024, retrieved July 25, 2023
  177. ^ a b The Lancet (July 9, 2005). "Psychotropic drugs: unhelpful and helpful comments". The Lancet. 366 (9480). London: Elsevier: 96. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66841-9. PMID 16010708. S2CID 39293746.
  178. ^ Shields, Brooke (July 1, 2005). "War of Words". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved January 20, 2009.
  179. ^ "Shields: Cruise apology was 'heartfelt'". USA Today. Associated Press. September 2, 2006. Archived from the original on April 16, 2011. Retrieved June 20, 2011.
  180. ^ "Spielberg in Cruise Meltdown". myway.com. Archived from the original on September 30, 2005.
  181. ^ Auletta, Ken (July 24, 2006). "Hollywood Ending". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on February 17, 2020. Retrieved February 18, 2020.
  182. ^ Warne, Dan (January 24, 2008). "'Anonymous' threatens to 'dismantle' Church of Scientology via internet". APC Magazine. National Nine News.
  183. ^ a b "Hacker Group Declares War On Scientology: Group Upset Over Church's Handling Of Tom Cruise Video". Los Angeles: KNBC. January 24, 2008. Archived from the original on August 21, 2008. Retrieved January 25, 2008.
  184. ^ "Report: Church of Scientology Slams German Tabloid for Publishing Comments Comparing Tom Cruise to Nazi Minister". Fox News. January 23, 2008. Archived from the original on June 5, 2009. Retrieved January 25, 2008.
  185. ^ Vamosi, Robert (January 24, 2008). "Anonymous hackers take on the Church of Scientology". CNET News. CNET Networks, Inc. Archived from the original on January 27, 2012. Retrieved January 25, 2008.
  186. ^ "Tom Cruise Scientology Video – (Original UNCUT)". January 17, 2008. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved July 1, 2020 – via YouTube.
  187. ^ Gardner, Chris (November 6, 2005). "Cruise will go with pro". Variety. Archived from the original on April 27, 2006. Retrieved October 31, 2008.
  188. ^ "Cruise Control Shifts Gears". Yahoo! Entertainment. November 8, 2005. Archived from the original on May 21, 2006.
  189. ^ Helmore, Edward (June 4, 2005). "What's eating Tom Cruise?". The Observer. London. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved October 31, 2008.
  190. ^ "Tom Cruise's secret Scientology girlfriend Nazanin Boniadi". Business Insider. April 1, 2015. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved April 4, 2015.
  191. ^ "Scientology leaders 'ordered Nicole Kidman wiretap' during Tom Cruise marriage". The Daily Telegraph. London. January 26, 2015. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
  192. ^ "Controversial Scientology Documentary Alleges Tom Cruise Wiretapped Nicole Kidman's Phone, Church Slams Claims". E! Online. January 27, 2015. Archived from the original on December 13, 2015. Retrieved April 4, 2015.
  193. ^ "Nazanin Boniadi's FBI testimony: Cast as Tom Cruise's girlfriend by Scientology". May 10, 2017. Archived from the original on May 10, 2017. Retrieved July 13, 2021.

Further reading

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tom_Cruise&oldid=1254098004"