Timeline of Cambridge
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Cambridge, England.
Prior to 16th century
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- 973 CE – Market active.[1]
- c.1000-50 – St Bene't's Church built.
- 1068 – Cambridge Castle erected.
- 1101 – Town incorporated.[2]
- c.1130 – Holy Sepulchre church built.
- 1154 – Cambridge fair active.[1]
- 1200 – Charter granted.[3]
- 1209 – University of Cambridge established by scholars from Oxford.[4]
- 1211 – Stourbridge fair first recorded.
- 1213 - Hervey FitzEustace, 1st recorded mayor.[5]
- 1261 – Cambridge academics attempt to set up a university at Northampton, suppressed by the Crown in 1265.[6]
- 1284 – University's Peterhouse college founded.[7]
- 1326 – Clare College founded.[8]
- 1347 – Pembroke College founded.[7]
- 1348 – Gonville & Caius College founded.[8]
- 1350 – Trinity Hall College founded.[8]
- 1352 – Corpus Christi College founded.[8]
- 1416 – University Library exists by this date.
- 1441 – King's College founded.[8]
- 1446 – Foundation stone of King's College Chapel laid.
- 1448 – Queens' College founded.[8]
- 1473 – St. Catherine College founded.[8]
- 1496 – Jesus College founded.[8]
16th-18th centuries
- 1505 – Christ's College founded.[8]
- 1511 – St John's College established.[7]
- 1515 – King's College Chapel fan vault completed.
- 1521 – John Siberch is active as a printer, the earliest known here.[9]
- 1534 – University Press granted a royal charter.
- 1542 – Magdalene College founded.
- 1545 – Trinity College founded.[7]
- 1584 – Emmanuel College founded.[8]
- 1595 – Sidney Sussex College founded.[8]
- 1615 – Perse School founded.
- 1638 – Cambridge, Massachusetts named.[10]
- 1640 – Oliver Cromwell elected Member of Parliament for Cambridge.[11]
- 1667 – Eagle and Child pub in business.
- 1695 – Wren Library at Trinity College completed.
- 1730 – University's Senate House completed.
- 1744 – Cambridge Journal and Weekly Flying Post begins publication.[12]
- 1747 – Shire-hall built.[2]
- 1749 – Mathematical Bridge built at Queens' College.
- 1762 – Cambridge Chronicle newspaper begins publication.[13]
- 1766 – Addenbrooke's Hospital founded.
- 1784 – Society for Promoting Useful Knowledge established.[14]
- 1793
- Cambridge Intelligencer newspaper begins publication.[12]
- Cambridge Quarters composed for new clock of the Church of St Mary the Great.
19th century
- 1800 – Downing College founded.[8]
- 1816 – Fitzwilliam Museum founded.
- 1817 – Cambridge Town Club (cricket club) formed.[citation needed]
- 1828
- Bull Hotel in business.
- Cambridge University Boat Club founded.
- 1829 – The Boat Race, rowed against Oxford, begins[7] (annual from 1856).
- 1831 – Bridge of Sighs built over the Cam at St John's College.
- 1833 – Anatomy theatre attacked by a mob.[15]
- 1839 – Cambridge Advertiser newspaper begins publication.[16]
- 1840 – Cambridge Antiquarian Society founded.
- 1845 – Eastern Counties Railway begins operating to Cambridge railway station.[3]
- 1848 – Mill Road Cemetery established.
- 1858 – Cambridge School of Art founded.
- 1854 – Deighton, Bell & Co. booksellers in business.[17]
- 1869 – Girton College for women founded.[7]
- 1871 – Newnham College for women founded.
- 1874 – Cavendish Laboratory completed.
- 1876 – W. Heffer bookseller begins business as a stationer.
- 1880 – Cambridge Street Tramways begin operation.
- 1881 – Ridley Hall and Westcott House theological colleges founded.
- 1883 – Footlights student amateur dramatic club founded.
- 1884 – Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology founded.
- 1888 – Cambridge Daily News begins publication.[18]
- 1890 – Victoria Avenue Bridge built.
- 1894 – Homerton College, a Congregationalist teacher training college, moves to Cambridge.
- 1896 – Pye Ltd. established as scientific instrument makers by W. G. Pye.
- 1897 – Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria.[19]
- 1899 – Westminster College, a Presbyterian theological college, moves to Cambridge.
20th century
- 1901 – Population: 38,379.[20]
- 1908 - Cambridge Town F.C. formed.[21]
- 1912
- Cambridge United F.C. established as Abbey United.
- University's Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences opens.
- 1914 – Cambridge Street Tramways cease operation.
- 1918 – First Festival of Nine Lessons and Carols held at King's College.[22]
- c 1921 – Fitzbillies bakery opened by Ernest and Arthur Mason in Trumpington Street.
- 1922 – War Memorial unveiled.[23]
- 1923 - Jesus Green Swimming Pool opens.
- 1928 – Cambridge Preservation Society founded.[24]
- 1934 – New University Library completed.
- 1938 – Cambridge Airport opens.
- 1948 – First women admitted to study for full academic degrees in the University but have no associated privileges.[25]
- 1949
- University's Cambridge Bibliographical Society founded.[26]
- University of Cambridge's Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator begins operating.
- 1951 - City charter granted.[27]
- 1954 – Murray Edwards College for women founded as New Hall.
- 1956 – Kettle's Yard established by Jim Ede.
- 1957 – Twinned with Heidelberg.
- 1958 – Churchill College established.
- 1960 – Cambridge Consultants founded.
- 1964
- Darwin College for graduates founded.
- Cambridge Folk Festival begins.
- 1965
- Lucy Cavendish College for mature women founded.
- Wolfson College for mature students founded as University College.
- 1966
- Clare Hall for graduates established.
- Fitzwilliam College chartered as a college.
- 1970
- February: Garden House riot.
- Heffer's open a flagship bookshop in Trinity Street.
- 1972
- Three previously all-male colleges of the University admit women undergraduates.
- Cambridge Theological Federation formed.[28]
- 1974
- First Strawberry Fair held.[29]
- First Cambridge Beer Festival held
- 1975 – University's Cambridge Science Park founded.[7]
- 1976
- Sancton Wood School founded.
- First Andys Records store opened in Mill Road.
- 1977 – Robinson College founded.
- 1989 – Cambridge Fun Run (footrace) begins.
- 1990
- Royal Greenwich Observatory relocated to Cambridge from Herstmonceux Castle.
- ARM Holdings established as Advanced RISC Machines Ltd.
- 1992 – Anglia Ruskin University is established as a public university.
- 1998 – Abcam established.
21st century
- 2003 – University's Centre for Mathematical Sciences completed in West Cambridge.
- 2006
- Local Plan 2006 (town planning) adopted.[30][31]
- Cambridge International School established.
- 2007 – The Centre for Computing History is established.
- 2009 – Anne Jarvis becomes first woman University Librarian of the University of Cambridge.
- 2010 – Homerton College chartered as a full college of the University of Cambridge.
- 2011 – Phase One of the Cambridgeshire Guided Busway opens.[32]
- 2013 – North West Cambridge development planned.
- 2016 – New global headquarters for AstraZeneca projected for completion.
- 2017 – Cambridge North railway station opens.[33]
See also
References
- ^ a b Samantha Letters (2005), "Cambridgeshire", Gazetteer of Markets and Fairs in England and Wales to 1516, Institute of Historical Research, Centre for Metropolitan History
- ^ a b Edmund Carter (1753). "Cambridge (town)". History of the County of Cambridge. Cambridge.
{{cite book}}: External link in|author=and|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ a b George Henry Townsend (1867), "Cambridge", A Manual of Dates (2nd ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co.
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ "Middle Ages". British History Timeline. BBC. Retrieved 7 September 2013.
- ^ "Mayoral history". Cambridge City Council. Retrieved 26 August 2017.
- ^ Lawrence, C. H. (1984). "The University in State and Church". In Aston, T. H.; Catto, J. I. (eds.). The History of the University of Oxford. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Timeline: Cambridge through the Centuries". About the University. University of Cambridge. Retrieved 5 September 2013.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l A.W. Holland, ed. (1904), "Cambridge Colleges and Halls", Oxford & Cambridge Yearbook, vol. 2: Cambridge, London: Swan Sonnenschein & Co.
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ Charles Edward Sayle, ed. (1902). "English Provinces: Cambridge". Early English Printed Books in the University Library, Cambridge (1475 to 1640). Vol. 2: English Provincial Presses. Cambridge University Press.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) (chronological list) - ^ "Cambridge", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York: Encyclopædia Britannica Co., 1910, OCLC 14782424
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ "Cambridge history". Retrieved 2018-06-07.
- ^ a b Murphy, M. J. (1972). "Newspapers and Opinion in Cambridge, 1780–1850". Transactions of the Cambridge Bibliographical Society. 6. JSTOR 41154513.
- ^ Cooper, Charles Henry (c. 1845). Annals of Cambridge. Vol. 4: 1688–1853. Cambridge: University Press.
- ^ Paul Kaufman (1967). "The Community Library: A Chapter in English Social History". Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. 57. JSTOR 1006043.
- ^ Hurren, Elizabeth T. (2002-05-02). "Patients' rights: from Alder Hey to the Nuremberg Code". History & Policy. London; Cambridge. Retrieved 2014-10-31.
- ^ "Cambridge". Newspaper Press Directory. London: Charles Mitchell. 1847.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ Jonathan R. Topham (1998). "Two Centuries of Cambridge Publishing and Bookselling: a Brief History of Deighton, Bell and Co., 1778–1998". Transactions of the Cambridge Bibliographical Society. 11. JSTOR 41154875.
- ^ "Cambridge (England) Newspapers". Main Catalogue. British Library. Retrieved 5 September 2013.
- ^ Elizabeth Hammerton; David Cannadine (1981). "Conflict and Consensus on a Ceremonial Occasion: The Diamond Jubilee in Cambridge in 1897". Historical Journal. 24. JSTOR 2638907.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|lastauthoramp=ignored (|name-list-style=suggested) (help) - ^ "Cambridge", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "Cambridge City FC's farewell to Milton Road". BBC Cambridgeshire. BBC. 27 April 2013. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
- ^ Nine lessons and carols: History of the service, King's College Chapel, archived from the original on 2008-03-15, retrieved 2008-03-09
{{citation}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help). - ^ K. S. Inglis (1992). "The Homecoming: The War Memorial Movement in Cambridge, England". Journal of Contemporary History. 27. JSTOR 260943.
- ^ "Cambridge Past, Present & Future" (PDF). Cambridgeshire Association for Local History. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 November 2011. Retrieved 12 September 2013.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|dead-url=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ "Fact sheet: Women at Cambridge: A Chronology". University of Cambridge. 2010. Archived from the original on 2012-01-14. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ "Cambridge Bibliographical Society". Cambridge University Library. Retrieved 5 September 2013.
- ^ "The city of Cambridge – Modern history | A History of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely: Volume 3: The City and University of Cambridge (1959)". 1959. pp. 15–29. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
- ^ "Origins". Cambridge Theological Federation. Retrieved 5 September 2013.
- ^ Elliott, Chris (3 June 2017). "Four decades of Strawberry Fair". Cambridge News. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
- ^ "How it could have been". Cambridgeshire: Local History. BBC. February 2009. Retrieved 5 September 2013.
- ^ "Local Plan 2006". Cambridge City Council. Archived from the original on 3 January 2009. Retrieved 5 September 2013.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ "Cambridgeshire guided busway opens to passengers". BBC News Online. 7 August 2011. Retrieved 16 Jun 2017.
- ^ "Delayed £50m Cambridge North railway station opens". BBC Cambridgeshire. BBC. 21 May 2017. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
Further reading
- Cambridge by M.A.R. Tuker in multiple formats at gutenberg.org
- Cantabrigia depicta. A concise and accurate description of the university and town of Cambridge, and its environs. Cambridge: W. Thurlbourn & J. Woodyer. 1763.
Published in the 19th century
1800s-1840s
- Robert Watt (1824). "Cambridge". Bibliotheca Britannica. Vol. 3. Edinburgh: A. Constable. OCLC 961753.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - David Brewster, ed. (1830). "Cambridge". Edinburgh Encyclopædia. Edinburgh: William Blackwood.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - Cambridge Guide. Cambridge: J. & J.J. Deighton. 1837.
- Charles Henry Cooper (1842–1908), Annals of Cambridge, Cambridge: University Press
- John Le Keux; Thomas Wright; Harry Longueville Jones (1847), Memorials of Cambridge, London: David Bogue + v.2
- Samuel Lewis (1848), "Cambridge", Topographical Dictionary of England (7th ed.), London: S. Lewis and Co.
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help)
1850s-1890s
- "Cambridge". Slater's Royal National and Commercial Directory and Topography of the Counties of Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire, Norfolk, Oxfordshire, and Suffolk. London: Isaac Slater. 1850.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - Pictorial Guide to Cambridge. Cambridge: John Hatt. 1853.
- George Measom (1865), "Cambridge", Official Illustrated Guide to the Great Eastern Railway, London: C. Griffin and Co.
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - New Cambridge guide. Cambridge: W. Metcalfe. 1868.
- "Cambridge", Handbook for Essex, Suffolk, Norfolk, and Cambridgeshire (2nd ed.), London: J. Murray, 1875
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - Spalding's street and general directory of Cambridge, 1878
- John Parker Anderson (1881), "Cambridgeshire: Cambridge", Book of British Topography: a Classified Catalogue of the Topographical Works in the Library of the British Museum Relating to Great Britain and Ireland, London: W. Satchell
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - George Murray Humphry (1890). Guide to Cambridge: the town, university and colleges. Cambridge: Spalding.
- Thomas Dinham Atkinson (1897), Cambridge described and illustrated, London: Macmillan
- Charles Gross (1897). "Cambridge". Bibliography of British Municipal History. New York: Longmans, Green, and Co.
{{cite book}}: External link in|author=and|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Published in the 20th century
- 1900s-1940s
- Robert Donald, ed. (1907). "Cambridge". Municipal Year Book of the United Kingdom for 1907. London: Edward Lloyd.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - Arthur Gray (1908), The dual origin of the town of Cambridge, Cambridge: Cambridge Antiquarian Society, OCLC 14031217
- Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Cambridge", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - John Willis Clark (1916), Concise Guide to the Town and University of Cambridge (5th ed.), Cambridge: Bowes and Bowes
- Mildred Anna Rosalie Tuker (1922), Cambridge, London: A. and C. Black
- Edward Godfrey Cox (1949). "Cambridge and Oxford". Reference Guide to the Literature of Travel. Vol. 3: Great Britain. Seattle: University of Washington – via Hathi Trust.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help)
1950s-1990s
- "City and University of Cambridge", History of the County of Cambridgeshire, Victoria County History, vol. 3, University of London, Institute of Historical Research, 1959
{{citation}}: External link in|editors=|editors=ignored (|editor=suggested) (help) - Jeremy C. Mitchell; James Cornford (1977). "The Political Demography of Cambridge 1832–1868". Albion: A Quarterly Journal Concerned with British Studies. 9. JSTOR 4048348.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|lastauthoramp=ignored (|name-list-style=suggested) (help) - Nigel Goose (1980). "Household Size and Structure in Early-Stuart Cambridge". Social History. 5. JSTOR 4285009.
- James E. Bradley (1984). "Religion and Reform at the Polls: Nonconformity in Cambridge Politics, 1774-1784". Journal of British Studies. 23. JSTOR 175427.
- R.B. Dobson (1990–1992). "The Jews of Medieval Cambridge". Jewish Historical Studies. 32. JSTOR 29779882.
- Nick Mansfield (1993). "Grads and Snobs: John Brown, Town and Gown in Early Nineteenth-Century Cambridge". History Workshop (35). JSTOR 4289213.
- "Daytrips from London: Cambridge". London. Let's Go. 1993. p. 225+.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - Nicola Morrison (1998). "The compact city: theory versus practice – the case of Cambridge". Netherlands Journal of Housing and the Built Environment. 13. JSTOR 41107742.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cambridge.
- "Cambridgeshire", Historical Directories, UK: University of Leicester. Includes digitized directories of Cambridge, various dates
- Digital Public Library of America. Works related to Cambridge, various dates