Foreign relations of Thailand

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Politics of Thailand
Constitution
Monarchy

Vajiralongkorn (Rama X)

Dipangkorn Rasmijoti

Executive

Srettha Thavisin (PTP)

Phumtham Wechayachai (PTP)
Somsak Thepsuthin (PTP)
Parnpree Bahiddha-nukara (PTP)
Anutin Charnvirakul (BTP)
Patcharawat Wongsuwan (PPRP)
Pirapan Salirathavibhaga (UTN)

63rd Council of Ministers
Cabinet
Ministries
Independent agencies
Legislature

Wan Muhamad Noor Matha (PCC)

Vacant

Vacant

  • Vice Presidents

Vacant

Wan Muhamad Noor Matha (PCC)

  • Deputy Speakers

Padipat Suntiphada (FA)
Pichet Chuamuangphan (PTP)

Chaithawat Tulathon (MFP)

Judiciary

President: Anocha Chevitsophon

President: Vorapot Visrutpich

President: Nakarin Mektrairat

Elections & referendums
Recent elections & referendums
  • General Elections
  • Senate Elections
  • Referendums
  • Local elections
  • Bangkok
  • Pattaya
  • Provincial
  • Subdistrict
  • Municipalities
  • Village
Administrative divisions
Ministry of Interior
  • Provincial
  • Local
  • Special
Foreign relations
Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Diplomatic missions of / in Thailand

Passport Visa requirements Visa policy

Borders : Cambodia Laos Malaysia Myanmar (Maritime : India Indonesia Vietnam)

Foreign aid

Political unrest
After reunited in 1767
  • Political crisis
  • Military coups
  • Conflicts
  • Foreign relations crisis
Related topics
flag Thailand portal
Nations with which Thailand has diplomatic relations.

The foreign relations of Thailand are handled by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Thailand.

Thailand participates fully in international and regional organizations. It has developed close ties with other ASEAN members—Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Brunei, Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar, and Vietnam—whose foreign and economic ministers hold annual meetings. Regional cooperation is progressing in economic, trade, banking, political, and cultural matters. In 2003, Thailand served as APEC host. Dr. Supachai Panitchpakdi, the former Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand, served as Secretary-General of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) from 2005 until 31 August 2013. In 2005 Thailand attended the inaugural East Asia Summit.

Since the military coup of May 2014, Thailand's global reputation has plunged, according to Professor Thitinan Pongsudhirak of Chulalongkorn University. He maintains that, "When the fourth anniversary of Thailand's coup comes to pass later this month [May 2018], Thailand's foreign relations will be one of the many costs to be counted from the military government....Instead of moving ahead in its relations with the outside world, Thailand has regressed to a standstill.[1]

Disputes

Parts of the border with Laos are undefined. A maritime boundary dispute with Vietnam was resolved, August 1997. Parts of maritime border with Cambodia are disputed.[2] Sporadic conflict with Myanmar over alignment of border.[3]

Diplomatic relations

# Country Date
1  United Kingdom 18 April 1855[4](broke off 13 December 1941 – 1 January 1946)
2  France 15 August 1856[5]
3  Denmark 21 May 1858[6]
4  Portugal 10 February 1859[7]
5  Netherlands 17 December 1860[8]
6  Germany 7 February 1862[9](broke off 22 July 1917 – 12 July 1925, 8 May 1945-28 May 1952[10])
7  Sweden 18 May 1868[11]
8  Italy 3 October 1868[12]
9  Austria 17 May 1869[13](broke off 22 July 1917 – 22 December 1925, 13 March 1938 – 2 July 1953[13])
10  Spain 23 February 1870[14]
11  United States 23 October 1882[15](broke off 9.12.1941-16.10.1945 9 December 1941 – 16 October 1945)
12  Belgium 21 July 1883[16]
13  Japan 26 September 1887[17](broke off 15 June 1946, restored 28 April 1952[18])
14  Russia 3 July 1897[19](broke off 26 October 1917, established with USSR 12 March 1941 – 9 August 1945,

restored 31 December 1946 (exchange of notes on restored diplomatic relations[20])

15  Norway 30 November 1905[21]
16   Switzerland 28 May 1931[22]
17  India 1 August 1947[23]
18  Myanmar 24 August 1948[24]
19  Philippines 14 June 1949[25]
20  Indonesia 7 March 1950[26]
21  Cambodia 19 December 1950[27](broke off 24 November 1958 – 6 February 1959, 23 October 1961 – 28 May 1970, 17 April 1975 – 17 November 1991)
22  Laos 19 December 1950[28]
23  Pakistan 10 October 1951[29]
24  Australia 19 December 1952[30]
25  Afghanistan 23 April 1953[31]
26  Finland 17 June 1954[32][33]
27  Israel 23 June 1954[34]
28  Egypt 27 September 1954[35]
29  Serbia 12 November 1954[36]
30  Argentina 2 February 1955[37]
31  Iran 9 November 1955[38][39]
32  Sri Lanka 20 November 1955[40]
33  Syria 10 January 1956[41]
34  New Zealand 26 March 1956[42]
35  Iraq 24 May 1956[43]
36  Guatemala 7 March 1957[44]
37  Malaysia 31 August 1957[45]
38  Saudi Arabia 1 October 1957[46]
39  Lebanon 3 February 1958[47]
40  Turkey 12 May 1958[48]
41  Cuba 15 May 1958[49]
42  Greece 26 May 1958[50]
43  South Korea 1 October 1958[51]
44  Brazil 17 April 1959[52]
45  Luxembourg 16 June 1959[53]
46    Nepal 30 November 1959[54]
47  Canada 8 November 1961[55]
48  Chile 29 October 1962[56]
49  Nigeria 1 November 1962[57]
50  Paraguay 17 December 1962[58]
51  Bolivia 1 February 1963[59]
52  Kuwait 14 June 1963[60]
53  Ethiopia 10 April 1964[61]
54  Cameroon 20 July 1965[62]
55  Singapore 20 September 1965[63]
56  Peru 10 November 1965[64]
57  Cote d'Ivoire 30 June 1966[65]
58  Jordan 10 November 1966[66]
59  Liberia 2 February 1967[67]
60  Tunisia 2 February 1967[68]
61  Kenya 25 July 1967[69]
62  Dominican Republic 18 September 1967[70]
63  Democratic Republic of Congo 14 February 1969[71]
64  Holy See 26 April 1969[72]
65  Bangladesh 5 October 1972[73]
66  Poland 14 November 1972[74]
67  Fiji 15 December 1972[75]
68  Romania 1 June 1973[76]
69  Hungary 24 October 1973[77]
70  Costa Rica 14 December 1973[78]
71  Mongolia 5 March 1974[79]
72  Czech Republic 15 June 1974[80] and 1 January 1993[80]
73  Bulgaria 10 August 1974[81]
74  Ireland 27 January 1975[82]
75  North Korea 8 May 1975[83]
76  Iceland 18 June 1975[84]
77  China 1 July 1975[85]
78  Mexico 28 August 1975[86]
79  Nicaragua 24 November 1975[87]
80  Algeria 6 December 1975[88]
81  United Arab Emirates 12 December 1975[89]
82  Gabon 1 April 1976[90]
83  Papua New Guinea 19 May 1976[91]
84  Uruguay 15 June 1976[92]
85  Vietnam 6 August 1976[93]
86  Mauritania 24 August 1976[94]
87  Bahrain 17 January 1977
88  Libya 16 March 1977[95]
89  Samoa 15 May 1978[96]
90  Mauritius 22 January 1979[97]
91  Colombia 20 April 1979[98]
92  Grenada 16 May 1979[99]
93  Maldives 21 June 1979[100]
94  Ecuador 15 January 1980[101]
95  Cyprus 5 May 1980[102]
96  Oman 30 July 1980[103]
97  Qatar 7 August 1980[104]
98  Senegal 9 August 1980[105]
99  Benin 5 October 1980[106]
100  Tanzania 30 December 1980[107]
101  Mali 15 September 1981[108]
102  Sudan 15 June 1982[109]
103  Niger 30 July 1982[110]
104  Panama 20 August 1982[111]
105  Venezuela 27 August 1982[112]
106  Vanuatu 21 September 1982[113]
107  Albania 30 September 1982[114]
108  Sierra Leone 12 February 1983[115]
109  Yemen 5 April 1983[116]
110  Guinea 15 April 1983[117]
111  Guinea-Bissau 6 December 1983[118]
112  Brunei Darussalam 1 January 1984[119]
--  Sovereign Military Order of Malta 4 September 1984[120]
113  Jamaica 10 September 1984[121]
114  Somalia 1 November 1984[122]
115  Malta 17 December 1984[123]
116  Gambia 15 February 1985[124]
117  Uganda 15 February 1985[125]
118  Zimbabwe 4 April 1985[126]
119  Burkina Faso 12 July 1985[127]
120  Morocco 4 October 1985[128]
121  Ghana 25 October 1985[129]
122  Botswana 29 November 1985[130]
123  Honduras 16 December 1985[131]
124  Trinidad and Tobago 22 January 1986[132]
125  Djibouti 1 April 1986[133]
126  Solomon Islands 2 May 1986[134]
127  Togo 7 May 1986[135]
128  Comoros 15 July 1986[136]
129  Haiti 30 October 1986[137]
130  Cape Verde 2 December 1986[138]
131  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 9 December 1986[139][140]
132  Saint Kitts and Nevis 16 January 1987[141]
133  Suriname 24 February 1987[142]
134  Sao Tome and Principe 7 May 1987[143]
135  Malawi 1 June 1987[144]
136  El Salvador 24 September 1987[145]
137  Central African Republic 30 October 1987[146]
138  Rwanda 30 October 1987[147]
139  Zambia 9 November 1987[148]
140  Guyana 17 December 1987[149]
141  Seychelles 19 July 1988[150]
142  Burundi 20 July 1988[151]
143  Republic of Congo 25 August 1988[152]
144  Barbados 22 November 1988[153]
145  Saint Lucia 4 April 1989[154]
146  Lesotho 17 April 1989[155]
147  Mozambique 19 April 1989[156]
148  Bhutan 14 November 1989[157]
149  Chad 28 September 1990[158]
150  Namibia 6 November 1990[159]
151  Madagascar 30 November 1990[160]
152  Eswatini 17 January 1991[161]
153  Equatorial Guinea 15 February 1991[162]
154  Latvia 19 March 1992[163]
155  Micronesia 20 March 1992[164]
156  Estonia 27 April 1992[165]
157  Ukraine 6 May 1992[166]
158  Uzbekistan 6 May 1992[167]
159  Kazakhstan 6 July 1992[168]
160  Turkmenistan 6 July 1992[169]
161  Armenia 7 July 1992[170]
162  Azerbaijan 7 July 1992[171]
163  Belarus 21 July 1992[172]
164  Georgia 21 July 1992[173]
165  Moldova 5 August 1992[174]
166  Tajikistan 5 August 1992[175]
167  Kyrgyzstan 6 August 1992[176]
168  Angola 24 August 1992[177]
169  Croatia 9 September 1992[178]
170  Slovenia 9 September 1992[179]
171  Slovakia 1 January 1993[180]
172  Lithuania 9 April 1993[181]
173  Marshall Islands 29 October 1993[182]
174  Eritrea 7 December 1993[183]
175  South Africa 9 December 1993[184]
176  Tonga 27 January 1994[185]
177  Palau 13 May 1997[186]
178  Liechtenstein 14 August 1997[187]
179  Belize 11 June 1999[188]
180  Bosnia and Herzegovina 14 February 2000[189]
181  Andorra 28 April 2000[190]
182  Timor Leste 20 May 2002[191]
183  San Marino 25 March 2003[192]
184  Nauru 14 January 2005[193]
185  North Macedonia 25 February 2005[194]
--  Cook Islands 24 May 2005[195]
186  Kiribati 29 June 2005[196]
187  Tuvalu 29 August 2005[197]
188  Dominica 25 November 2005[198]
189  Monaco 26 June 2006[199]
190  Antigua and Barbuda 7 July 2006[200]
191  Montenegro 6 June 2007[201]
--  Palestine 1 August 2012[202]
--  Niue 27 August 2013[203]
--  Kosovo 22 November 2013[204]
192  South Sudan 5 December 2013[205]
193  Bahamas 21 September 2016[206]

Former diplomatic relations:

1. South Vietnam (19 December 1950 - 30 April 1975)

2. Republic of China (23 January 1946 - 1 July 1975)

3. German Democratic Republic (3 September 1974 - 3 October 1990)

4. South Yemen (14 June 1987 - 22 May 1990)

Asia

Royal Thai Embassy in Helsinki flying the Asean flag as well as own national flag.

Bangladesh

Main article: Bangladesh-Thailand relations

Relations are considered close and cordial and have made strides to improve trade and investment between the two countries. Diplomatic relations were established on 5 October 1972 and Thailand opened its embassy in 1974 followed by Bangladesh setting up their own in Bangkok in the following year. The first visit between the two countries was President Ziaur Rahman's visit to Thailand in 1979 followed by Prime Minister Prem Tinsulanonda in 1983. Other Heads of States like Ershad visited in 1985, 1988 and 1990 and Thaksin Shinawatra in July and December 2002 and January 2004. Thailand is a key country in Bangladesh's "Look East" policy and relations have begun to increase and diversify into different areas.

They seek not to intervene in each other's internal matters as shown by their response to the events occurring in their own respective countries in 2006 such as the 2006 Thai coup d'état and 2006–2008 Bangladeshi political crisis. Both have considerable cooperation in summits organised by BIMSTEC and the ASEAN regional forum. Upper class and upper middle class Bangladeshis often go to Thailand for medical treatment and operations that the country's medical infrastructure cannot provide.

Brunei

Main article: Brunei–Thailand relations

Brunei has an embassy in Bangkok, and Thailand has an embassy in Bandar Seri Begawan.[207] The relations have always been close and cordial.[208]

Cambodia

Main article: Cambodia–Thailand relations
See also: Cambodian–Thai border dispute

Parts of Cambodia's border with Thailand are indefinite, and the maritime boundary with Thailand is not clearly defined. On 5 November 2009 Thailand recalled its ambassador from Cambodia in protest of the Cambodian government's appointment of Thai ex-leader Thaksin Shinawatra as an economic adviser.[209] Thai Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva stated that this was "the first diplomatic retaliation measure" against the appointment.[209] He also said that Cambodia was interfering in Thai internal affairs and as a result bi-lateral co-operation agreements would be reviewed.[209] The Cambodian government has stated that it would refuse any extradition request from Thailand for Thaksin as it considered him to be a victim of political persecution.[209]

In the months leading up to the Cambodian decision, troops from both nations had clashed over territory claimed by both countries immediately adjacent to Cambodia's Preah Vihear temple, leading to a deterioration in relations.[209] At 20:30 on 5 November Cambodia announced that it was withdrawing its ambassador from Thailand as a retaliatory measure.[210][211] Sok An, a member of the Council of Ministers and Deputy Prime Minister of Cambodia, said that the appointment of Thaksin is a decision internal to Cambodia and that it "conforms to international practice".[211] The mutual withdrawal of ambassadors is the most severe diplomatic action to have occurred between the two countries.[211]

China

Main article: China–Thailand relations
Further information: Thai Chinese

Thailand established diplomatic relations with the PRC on 1 July 1975.[212] It remains as a key regional ally of China, with growing cooperation between both countries.[213][214][215][216][217]

For an evaluation of Sino-Siamese relations, see Siamese Inter-State Relations in the Late Nineteenth Century: From An Asian Regional Perspective.[218]

India

Main article: India–Thailand relations

Diplomatic relations between India and Thailand were established in 1947, soon after India gained independence. Thailand maintains three diplomatic posts in India: in Mumbai, in New Delhi, and in Calcutta. India maintains three enclaves in Thailand: in Bangkok, Chiang Mai, and A Muang.

The end of the Cold War led to a significant enhancement in the substance and pace of bilateral interactions. Indian Look East policy from 1993 and Thailand's Look West policy since 1996 set the stage for a substantive consolidation of bilateral relations. The past few years since 2001 have witnessed growing warmth, increasing economic and commercial links, exchange of high-level visits on both sides, and the signing of a large number of Agreements leading to a further intensification of relations. Thailand and India are cooperating in various multilateral fora like India's dialogue partnership with ASEAN, the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), and the East Asia Summit, the sub-regional grouping BIMSTEC involving Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Myanmar, Nepal and Bhutan, and trilateral transport linkages with Thailand, Myanmar and India. India is a member of the Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD) initiated by Thailand in 2002 and of the Mekong–Ganga Cooperation (MGC), a group of six countries.

Indonesia

Main article: Indonesia–Thailand relations

Indonesia and Thailand are viewed as natural allies.[219] The nations established diplomatic ties in 1950 and have enjoyed a cordial relationship since.[220] Both countries have established embassies. Indonesia has its embassy in Bangkok and a consulate in Songkhla, while Thailand has its embassy in Jakarta. State visits have been conducted for years. Both nations are the founders of ASEAN and the members of Non-Aligned Movement and APEC. Indonesia is also appointed as observer in Cambodian–Thai border dispute.[221][222]

Iran

Main article: Iran–Thailand relations

Israel

Main article: Israel–Thailand relations

Israel and Thailand have had official relations since June 1954. The Israeli embassy in Bangkok was established in 1958.[223] Since 1996, Thailand has had an embassy in Tel Aviv.[224] After the floods in 2011, Israel sent water management experts to Thailand. Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol is involved in advancing scientific cooperation between the two countries. The Thai ambassador to Israel is Jukr Boon-Long.[225]

Japan

Main article: Japan–Thailand relations
Abhisit with Japanese Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama, 8 November 2009, Tokyo

Japan has become a key trading partner and foreign investor for Thailand. Japan is Thailand's largest supplier, followed by the United States. Since 2005, the rapid ramp-up in export of automobiles of Japanese makes (esp. Toyota, Nissan, Isuzu) has helped to dramatically improve the trade balance, with over 1 million cars produced last year. As such, Thailand has joined the ranks of the world's top ten automobile exporting nations. In 2007, a Japan–Thailand Economic Partnership Agreement was signed, aiming at free trade between the two countries after a transition period of 10 years.

Laos

Main article: Laos–Thailand relations

In some respects, Thailand can be seen as a greater threat to Laos's independence than Vietnam because of its closer cultural affinity, its easier access, and its control over the railroad and highway routes to the sea. The Mekong River, which both sides have an interest in making a "river of true peace and friendship" — as their respective prime ministers called for in 1976 – also provides a north–south artery during the rainy season.[226]

Malaysia

Main article: Malaysia–Thailand relations
See also: Malaysia–Thailand border

Thailand has an embassy in Kuala Lumpur, and consulate-general offices in George Town and Kota Bharu. Malaysia maintains an embassy in Bangkok. Recently, Thai-Malay relations have soured considerably due to the ethnically Malay Pattani separatists in three southern provinces of Thailand. There have been claims by some Thai politicians that certain parties in Malaysia has taken an interest in the cause of their opponents in the war, which is vehemently disputed by the latter.

Myanmar

Main article: Myanmar–Thailand relations

Pakistan

Main article: Pakistan-Thailand relations

In August 2013, the Thai Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra visited Pakistan in the first visit in a decade.[227]

Palestine

Main article: Palestine-Thailand relations

Thailand officially recognised Palestine as an independent state on 18 January 2012.[228]

Philippines

Main article: Philippines–Thailand relations

Thai-Philippines relations continue to be friendly. Relations with Thailand were established 14 June 1949. Thailand is one of the Philippines major trading partners and one of the Philippines' rice suppliers. Relations continues to be strengthened through talks and agreements on economic, security, and cultural matters including concerns on rice trading, and combatting drugs and human trafficking.

Saudi Arabia

Main article: Saudi Arabia–Thailand relations

Relations Saudi Arabia and Thailand were established in 1957 and hundreds of thousands of Thais went to Saudi Arabia to work.[229] However, relations have been severely strained for the past 20 years due to fallout from the Blue Diamond Affair. Diplomatic missions were downgraded to chargé d'affaires level and the number of Thai workers in Saudi Arabia plummeted.[229] Saudi Arabia does not issue working visas for Thais and discourages its citizens from visiting the country.

On January 26, 2022, both countries announced they restored full diplomatic relations and would appoint ambassadors.[230]

South Korea

Main article: South Korea–Thailand relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 October 1958. The year 2008 is the 50th year of bilateral relations with two nations. During the Korean War, Thailand was the second nation sending troops for supporting South Korea just after the United States. In October 2003, South Korean president Roh Moo-hyun visited Thailand while Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra went to Seoul in November 2005.[231] South Korean is the 10th largest trade partner, which is about to reach the scale of 10 billion dollars.[232]

Vietnam

Main article: Thailand–Vietnam relations

Diplomatic relations between the two countries have existed since 1976, and are very friendly both economically and politically nowadays.[233] Yet, relations between the two countries had always been marred by discord, which resulted from bitter rivalry to gain control of the area of what is today Laos and Cambodia.

In the 19th century, Thailand (then known as Siam) had fought a series of wars with the Nguyễn dynasty which then ruled over Vietnam over control of Cambodia. This rivalry will only temporarily subside when French colonists stepped in and gradually building an establishment in Southeast Asia, known as French Indochina.

During the Vietnam War, Thailand was aligned with South Vietnam and the United States and the U Tapao Air Base was used as a base for USAF aircraft. During the Fall of Saigon in 1975, fleeing South Vietnamese pilots arrived at U Tapao before fleeing to other countries.

In 1979, when the Khmer Rouge government in neighbouring Cambodia was toppled, this had raised concerns in Thailand and the Thai government quickly allied itself with the Khmer Rouge, later the CGDK, in fear of Vietnamese expansionism. In fact, Thailand was foremost among the ASEAN, of which it is part of, in opposing the Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia.

Cambodian refugees soon stayed at border camps straddling the Thai-Cambodian border, and these camps are often controlled by the Khmer Rouge or the CGDK. In the years that followed, Vietnam launched a series of raids on the camps and Vietnamese troops often penetrated into Thai territory and shelled Thai border villages and towns.

Americas

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Belize 1999/06/11

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 June 1999.[234]

 Brazil 1959/04/17
Further information: Foreign relations of Brazil
 Canada 1961/11/08
Further information: Canada-Thailand relations
 Colombia 1979/04/20
 Mexico 1975/08/28
Main article: Mexico–Thailand relations
 Peru 1965/11/10

In 2009, Thailand and Peru signed a free trade agreement calling for elimination of tariffs on 70% of 5,000 items listed in the agreement. Thailand imports tin and fish from Peru. Peru imports auto parts, electrical appliances, and clothes from Thailand.[242]

 United States 1833/03/20
Main article: Thailand–United States relations
Pimpen Vejjajiva, Michelle Obama, Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva and U.S. President Barack Obama on 23 September 2009, in New York

Thailand has had relations with the United States since 1833. In 2003, the United States designated Thailand as a major non-NATO ally, which grants Thailand many financial and military benefits derived from the United States.

Europe

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Armenia 7 July 1992
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 July 1992 by protocol.[247]
  • Armenia has an honorary consulate in Bangkok.[248]
  • Thailand is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow, Russia and through hononary consulate in Yerevan.[249]
 Azerbaijan 7 July 1992
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 July 1992.[250]
  • Azerbaijan is accredited to Thailand from its embassy in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Thailand uses its embassy in Ankara, Turkey, to be responsible for Thai-Azerbaijani relations.
  • Thailand has an honorary consulate in Baku.
 Bulgaria 10 August 1974
 Croatia 9 September 1992
 Cyprus 5 May 1980
 Denmark 21 May 1858 See Denmark–Thailand relations
  • Denmark is represented in Thailand through its embassy in Bangkok and an honorary consulate in Phuket.
  • Thailand is represented in Denmark through its embassy in Copenhagen.
 Estonia 22 October 1921 See Foreign relations of Estonia
  • Thailand (then Siam) first recognised Estonia on 22 October 1921.[258]
  • Both countries re-established diplomatic relations on 27 April 1992.
  • Estonia is represented in Thailand through its consulates in Bangkok and Phuket.[259]
  • Thailand is represented in Estonia through its embassy in Stockholm, Sweden.
 France 15 August 1856 See France–Thailand relations
 Germany 7 February 1862 See Germany–Thailand relations
Flags of Thailand, Germany and Bavaria for the visit of prime minister Yingluck Shinawatra in Munich 2012
 Greece 26 May 1958
 Hungary 24 October 1973
 Kosovo 22 November 2013 See Kosovo–Thailand relations
  • Thailand recognised the Republic of Kosovo as independence state on 24 September 2013.[272][273]
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 November 2013.
  • Kosovo has an embassy in Bangkok.
 Netherlands 1604
 Portugal 10 February 1859 See Portugal-Thailand relations
 Romania 1 June 1973
 Russia See Thailand-Russia relations
President Putin with former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra before the start of the APEC Summit in 2003

The Soviet Union and Thailand established diplomatic relations with each other on 12 March 1941; Thailand recognised Russian Federation as the successor to Soviet Union on 28 December 1991. Russia has an embassy in Bangkok and two honorary consulates in Phuket and Pattaya. Thailand has an embassy in Moscow and two honorary consulates in Saint Petersburg and Vladivostok.

 Spain 23 February 1870 See Spain-Thailand relations
 Sweden 18 May 1868
Flags of Sweden and Thailand
 Turkey 1958[283] See Thailand–Turkey relations
  • Thailand has an embassy in Ankara.[283]
  • Turkey has an embassy in Bangkok.[283]
  • Trade volume between the two countries was 1.342 billion USD in 2018 (Thai exports/imports: 1.09/0.256 billion USD).[284]
  • Negotiations on a bilateral Free Trade Agreement (FTA) began in 2017.[283]
  • There are direct flights from Istanbul to Bangkok and Phuket.[283]
 Ukraine 6 May 1992
  • Thailand is represented in Ukraine through its consulate in Kyiv.[285]
  • Ukraine has an embassy in Bangkok and an honorary consulate in Pattaya.[286]
 United Kingdom 18 April 1855

After Burma lost the First Anglo-Burmese War (1824–26) relations opened between the Rattanakosin Kingdom of Siam and the United Kingdom with a treaty of alliance in February 1826 and another treaty in June negotiated by East India Company emissary Henry Burney. This was followed by the Bowring Treaty of 1855 to liberalise trade. In 1893, Lord Lansdowne of the British Raj finalized the border between Burma and Siam; the Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909 then dissected the northern Malay states.

  • In 1917 the modern Siamese kingdom declared war on Germany during World War I, which secured it a seat at the Versailles Peace Conference. Foreign Minister Devawongse Varopakarn used this as an opportunity to argue for the repeal of the 19th century treaties and restoration of full Siamese sovereignty. While Britain and France delayed until 1925, the United States obliged in 1920. Following the outbreak of World War II, relations with Britain, France and the United States deteriorated rapidly – though former Queen Rambai Barni was nominal head of the Seri Thai resistance movement in Great Britain. Japan allowed Thailand to resume sovereignty over the sultanates of northern Malaya that had been lost in the 1909 treaty with Britain, and to invade and annex the Shan States in northern Burma. After the Japanese surrender, Allied military responsibility for Thailand fell to the British, who favoured treating the kingdom as a defeated enemy. Americans, however, supported Thailand's new government; during the Cold War relations with the United Kingdom took a back seat to those with the United States.

Oceania

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Australia
Main article: Australia–Thailand relations
 New Zealand

Thai diplomatic missions

Royal Thai embassies and consulates

Consulate, George Town, Penang, Malaysia
Country Official name City Type Accredited to...
 Argentina Argentine Republic Buenos Aires Embassy  Paraguay
 Uruguay
 Australia Commonwealth of Australia Canberra Embassy
Sydney Consulate
 Austria Republic of Austria Vienna Embassy
 Bahrain Kingdom of Bahrain Manama Embassy
 Bangladesh People's Republic of Bangladesh Dhaka Embassy
 Belgium Kingdom of Belgium Brussels Embassy  Luxembourg
 Brazil Federative Republic of Brazil Brasilia Embassy  Guyana
 Suriname
 Brunei Nation of Brunei, Abode of Peace Bandar Seri Begawan Embassy
 Cambodia Kingdom of Cambodia Phnom Penh Embassy
 Canada Canada Ottawa Embassy
Vancouver Consulate
 Chile Republic of Chile Santiago Embassy
 China People's Republic of China Beijing Embassy  North Korea
Chengdu Consulate
Guangzhou Consulate
Hong Kong Consulate
Kunming Consulate
Nanning Consulate
Qingdao Consulate
Shanghai Consulate
Xi'an Consulate
Xiamen Consulate
 Czech Czech Republic Prague Embassy
 Denmark Kingdom of Denmark Copenhagen Embassy
 Egypt Arab Republic of Egypt Cairo Embassy
 Finland Republic of Finland Helsinki Embassy
 France French Republic Paris Embassy  Algeria
 Monaco
 Germany Federal Republic of Germany Berlin Embassy
Frankfurt Consulate
 Greece Hellenic Republic Athens Embassy
 Hungary Hungary Budapest Embassy
 India Republic of India New Delhi Embassy
Chennai Consulate
Kolkata Consulate
Mumbai Consulate
 Indonesia Republic of Indonesia Jakarta Embassy
 Iran Islamic Republic of Iran Tehran Embassy
 Israel State of Israel Tel Aviv Embassy
 Italy Italian Republic Rome Embassy
 Japan Japan Tokyo Embassy
Osaka Consulate
 Jordan Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Amman Embassy
 Kazakhstan Republic of Kazakhstan Nur-Sultan Embassy
 Kenya Republic of Kenya Nairobi Embassy
 Kuwait State of Kuwait Kuwait City Embassy
 Laos Lao People's Democratic Republic Vientiane Embassy
Savannakhet Consulate
 Libya Libya Tripoli Embassy
 Madagascar Republic of Madagascar Antananarivo Consulate
 Malaysia Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Embassy
George Town Consulate
Kota Bharu Consulate
 Mexico United Mexican States Mexico City Embassy
 Morocco Kingdom of Morocco Rabat Embassy
 Mozambique Republic of Mozambique Maputo Embassy
 Myanmar Republic of the Union of Myanmar Yangon Embassy
   Nepal Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal Kathmandu Embassy
 Netherlands Kingdom of the Netherlands The Hague Embassy
 New Zealand New Zealand Wellington Embassy
 Nigeria Federal Republic of Nigeria Abuja Embassy  Gabon
 Central African Republic
 Cameroon
 Equatorial Guinea
 Benin
 Togo
 Chad
 Niger
 Ghana
 Norway Kingdom of Norway Oslo Embassy
 Oman Sultanate of Oman Muscat Embassy
 Pakistan Islamic Republic of Pakistan Islamabad Embassy
Karachi Consulate
 Peru Republic of Peru Lima Embassy
 Philippines Republic of the Philippines Manila Embassy
 Poland Republic of Poland Warsaw Embassy
 Portugal Portuguese Republic Lisbon Embassy
 Qatar State of Qatar Doha Embassy
 Romania Romania Bucharest Embassy
 Russia Russian Federation Moscow Embassy
 Saudi Arabia Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Riyadh Embassy
Jeddah Consulate
 Senegal Republic of Senegal Dakar Embassy  Ivory Coast
 Liberia
 Sierra Leone
 Mali
 Guinea
 Guinea-Bissau
 Gambia
 Cape Verde
 Singapore Republic of Singapore Singapore Embassy
 South Africa Republic of South Africa Pretoria Embassy
 South Korea Republic of Korea Seoul Embassy
 Spain Kingdom of Spain Madrid Embassy
 Sri Lanka Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Colombo Embassy
 Sweden Kingdom of Sweden Stockholm Embassy
  Switzerland Swiss Confederation Bern Embassy
 Timor-Leste Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste Dili Embassy
 Turkey Republic of Turkey Ankara Embassy
 United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates Abu Dhabi Embassy
Dubai Consulate
 United Kingdom United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland London Embassy
 United States United States of America Washington Embassy
Chicago Consulate
Los Angeles Consulate
New York City Consulate
 Vietnam Socialist Republic of Vietnam Hanoi Embassy
Ho Chi Minh City Consulate

Permanent missions

Organization Official name City and Country Accredited to...
 ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations Jakarta, Indonesia
 UN United Nations Geneva, Switzerland
New York City, United States  Haiti

Thailand economic and trade office

Country Official name City
 Taiwan Republic of China Taipei

International organization participation

APEC, AsDB, ASEAN, BIMSTEC, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAS (observer), OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNITAR, UNMIBH, UNTAET, UNU, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO[citation needed]

See also

Thai Wikisource has original text related to this article:

References

  1. ^ Pongsudhirak, Thitinan (4 May 2018). "Thailand's global standing at a low point" (Opinion). Bangkok Post. Retrieved 7 May 2018.
  2. ^ "Thai-Cambodia maritime dispute likely to ease in 2017". Emerald Expert Briefings. oxan–db (oxan–db). 1 January 2016. doi:10.1108/OXAN-DB213623. ISSN 2633-304X.
  3. ^ Myanmar Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments. International Business Publications, USA. 2013. p. 21. ISBN 978-1-4387-7511-1. Retrieved 21 January 2022.
  4. ^ "สหราชอาณาจักรเกรตบริเตน และนอร์เทิร์นไอร์แลนด์ (United Kingdom) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  5. ^ "สาธารณรัฐฝรั่งเศส (France) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  6. ^ "สถานเอกอัครราชทูต ณ กรุงโคเปนเฮเกน จัดงาน ฉลองโอกาสครบรอบ ๑๖๐ ปี ความสัมพันธ์ทางการทูตไทย – เดนมาร์ก (Thai Embassy in Copenhagen, Denmark in Thai)".
  7. ^ "สาธารณรัฐโปรตุเกส (Portugal) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  8. ^ "ราชอาณาจักรเนเธอร์แลนด์ (Netherlands) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  9. ^ "สหพันธ์สาธารณรัฐเยอรมนี (Germany) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  10. ^ "Aufnahme diplomatischer Beziehungen: 28.05.1952 (in German)".
  11. ^ "ราชอาณาจักรสวีเดน (Sweden) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  12. ^ "สาธารณรัฐอิตาลี (Italy) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  13. ^ a b "สาธารณรัฐออสเตรีย (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  14. ^ "ราชอาณาจักรสเปน (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  15. ^ "A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Thailand".
  16. ^ "ราชอาณาจักรเบลเยียม (Belgium) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  17. ^ "ญี่ปุ่น (Japan) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  18. ^ "特別展示「日本とタイ 国交樹立130年」IV 国交再開～戦後の交流 概説と主な展示史料 (MFA Japan in Japanese)".
  19. ^ "งานแถลงข่าวเปิดตัวตราสัญลักษณ์การฉลองครบรอบ 125 ปี ความสัมพันธ์ทางการทูตไทย-รัสเซีย (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  20. ^ "Embassy of Thailand in Moscow, Russia".
  21. ^ "ราชอาณาจักรนอร์เวย์ (NFA Thailand in Thai)".
  22. ^ "Thailand-Switzerland Relations (Thai Embassy in Bern in Thai)".
  23. ^ "สาธารณรัฐอินเดีย (India) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  24. ^ "สาธารณรัฐแห่งสหภาพเมียนมา (Myanmar) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  25. ^ "สาธารณรัฐฟิลิปปินส์ (Philippines) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  26. ^ "สาธารณรัฐอินโดนีเซีย (Indonesia) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  27. ^ "ราชอาณาจักรกัมพูชา (Cambodia) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  28. ^ "สาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชนลาว (Laos) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  29. ^ "สาธารณรัฐอิสลามปากีสถาน (Pakistan) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  30. ^ "เครือรัฐออสเตรเลีย (Australia) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  31. ^ "สาธารณรัฐอิสลามอัฟกานิสถาน (Afghanistan) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  32. ^ "สาธารณรัฐฟินแลนด์ (Finland) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  33. ^ "Embassy of Finland, Bangkok".
  34. ^ "ความสัมพันธ์ไทย - อิสราเอล (Thailand Embassy in Tel Aviv, Israel in Thai)".
  35. ^ "ความสัมพันธ์ ไทย-อียิปต์ (Thailand Embassy in Cairo, Egypt in Thai)".
  36. ^ "ประกาศสำนักคณะรัฐมนตรี เรื่อง สถาปนาความสัมพันธ์ ทางการทูตระหว่างประเทศไทยกับประเทศยูโกสลาเวีย (in Thai)".
  37. ^ "สาธารณรัฐอาร์เจนตินา (Argentina) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  38. ^ "สาธารณรัฐอิสลามแห่งอิหร่าน Islamic Republic of Iran" (PDF).
  39. ^ "สัมพันธ์"ไทย-อิหร่าน" 400 กว่าปี...มีดีให้สัมผัสที่อยุธยา (in Thai)".
  40. ^ "สาธารณรัฐสังคมนิยมประชาธิปไตยศรีลังกา (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  41. ^ "สาธารณรัฐอาหรับซีเรีย (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  42. ^ "นิวซีแลนด์ (New Zealand) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  43. ^ "สาธารณรัฐอิรัก (Iraq) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  44. ^ "สาธารณรัฐกัวเตมาลา (Guatemala) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  45. ^ "มาเลเซีย (Malaysia) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  46. ^ "ราชอาณาจักรซาอุดีอาระเบีย (Saudi Arabia) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  47. ^ "สาธารณรัฐเลบานอน (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  48. ^ "สาธารณรัฐตุรกี (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  49. ^ "สาธารณรัฐคิวบา (Cuba) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  50. ^ "สาธารณรัฐเฮลเลนิก (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  51. ^ "สาธารณรัฐเกาหลี (South Korea) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  52. ^ "สหพันธ์สาธารณรัฐบราซิล (Brazil) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  53. ^ "ราชรัฐลักเซมเบิร์ก (Luxembourg) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  54. ^ "สหพันธ์สาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยเนปาล (Nepal) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  55. ^ "แคนาดา (Canada) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  56. ^ "สาธารณรัฐชิลี (Chile) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  57. ^ "สหพันธ์สาธารณรัฐไนจีเรีย (Nigeria) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  58. ^ "สาธารณรัฐปารากวัย (Paraguay) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  59. ^ "รัฐพหุชนชาติแห่งโบลิเวีย (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  60. ^ "รัฐคูเวต (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  61. ^ "สหพันธ์สาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยเอธิโอเปีย (Ethiopia) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  62. ^ "สาธารณรัฐแคเมอรูน (Cameroon) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  63. ^ "สาธารณรัฐสิงคโปร์ (Singapore) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  64. ^ "สาธารณรัฐเปรู (Peru) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  65. ^ "สาธารณรัฐโกตดิวัวร์ (Cote d'Ivoire) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  66. ^ "ราชอาณาจักรฮัซไมต์จอร์แดน (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  67. ^ "สาธารณรัฐไลบีเรีย (Liberia) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  68. ^ "ตูนิเซีย (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  69. ^ "สาธารณรัฐเคนยา (Kenya) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  70. ^ "สาธารณรัฐโดมินิกัน Dominican Republic (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  71. ^ "สาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยคองโก (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  72. ^ "นครรัฐวาติกัน (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  73. ^ "สาธารณรัฐประชาชนบังกลาเทศ (Bangladesh) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  74. ^ "สาธารณรัฐโปแลนด์ (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  75. ^ "สาธารณรัฐฟีจี (Fiji) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  76. ^ "โรมาเนีย (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  77. ^ "ฮังการี Hungary (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  78. ^ "สาธารณรัฐคอสตาริกา (Costa Rica) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  79. ^ "มองโกเลีย (Mongolia) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  80. ^ a b "สาธารณรัฐเช็ก (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  81. ^ "สาธารณรัฐบัลแกเรีย (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  82. ^ "ไอร์แลนด์ (Ireland) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  83. ^ "สาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชนเกาหลี (North Korea) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  84. ^ "สาธารณรัฐไอซ์แลนด์ (Iceland) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  85. ^ "สาธารณรัฐประชาชนจีน (China) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  86. ^ "สหรัฐเม็กซิโก (Mexico) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  87. ^ "สาธารณรัฐนิการากัว (Nicaragua) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  88. ^ "สาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชนแอลจีเรีย (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  89. ^ "สหรัฐอาหรับเอมิเรตส์ (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  90. ^ "สาธารณรัฐกาบอง (Gabon) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  91. ^ "รัฐเอกราชปาปัวนิวกินี (Papua New Guinea) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  92. ^ "สาธารณรัฐบูรพาอุรุกวัย (Uruguay) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  93. ^ "สาธารณรัฐสังคมนิยมเวียดนาม (Vietnam) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  94. ^ "สาธารณรัฐอิสลามมอริเตเนีย (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  95. ^ "สาธารณรัฐสังคมนิยมประชาชนอาหรับลิเบีย (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  96. ^ "รัฐเอกราชซามัว (Samoa) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  97. ^ "สาธารณรัฐมอริเชียส (Mauritius) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  98. ^ "สาธารณรัฐโคลอมเบีย (Colombia) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  99. ^ "เกรเนดา (Grenada) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  100. ^ "สาธารณรัฐมัลดีฟส์ (Maldives) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  101. ^ "สาธารณรัฐเอกวาดอร์ (Ecuador) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  102. ^ "สาธารณรัฐไซปรัส (Cyprus) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  103. ^ "รัฐสุลต่านโอมาน (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  104. ^ "รัฐกาตาร์ (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  105. ^ "สาธารณรัฐเซเนกัล (Senegal) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  106. ^ "สาธารณรัฐเบนิน (Benin) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  107. ^ "สหสาธารณรัฐแทนซาเนีย (Tanzania) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  108. ^ "สาธารณรัฐมาลี (Mali) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  109. ^ "สาธารณรัฐซูดาน (Sudan) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  110. ^ "สาธารณรัฐไนเจอร์ (Niger) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  111. ^ "สาธารณรัฐปานามา (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  112. ^ "สาธารณรัฐโบลีวาร์แห่งเวเนซุเอลา (Venezuela) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  113. ^ "สาธารณรัฐวานูวาตู (Vanuatu) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  114. ^ "สาธารณรัฐแอลเบเนีย (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  115. ^ "สาธารณรัฐเซียร์ราลีโอน (Sierra Leone) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  116. ^ "สาธารณรัฐเยเมน (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  117. ^ "สาธารณรัฐกินี (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  118. ^ "สาธารณรัฐกินี-บิสเซา (Guinea-Bissau) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  119. ^ "เนการาบรูไนดารุสซาลาม (Brunei Darussalam) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  120. ^ "รัฐอธิปไตยทหาร ออร์เดอร์ ออฟ มอลต้า (THailand Embassy in Rome in Thai)".
  121. ^ "จาเมกา (Jamaica) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  122. ^ "สหพันธ์สาธารณรัฐโซมาเลีย (Somalia) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  123. ^ "สาธารณรัฐมอลตา (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  124. ^ "สาธารณรัฐแกมเบีย (The Gambia) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  125. ^ "สาธารณรัฐยูกันดา (Uganda) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  126. ^ "สาธารณรัฐซิมบับเว (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  127. ^ "บูร์กินาฟาโซ (Burkina Faso) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  128. ^ "สารแสดงความยินดีถึงรัฐมนตรีว่าการกระทรวงการต่างประเทศ ความร่วมมือแอฟริกาและชาวโมร็อกโกโพ้นทะเล ในโอกาสครบรอบ ๓๕ ปี การสถาปนาความสัมพันธ์ทางการทูตระหว่างไทยกับโมร็อกโก (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  129. ^ "สาธารณรัฐกานา (Ghana) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  130. ^ "สาธารณรัฐบอตสวานา (Botswana) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  131. ^ "สาธารณรัฐฮอนดูรัส (Honduras) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  132. ^ "ไทย - ตรินิแดดและโตเบโก (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  133. ^ "สาธารณรัฐจิบูตี (Djibouti) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  134. ^ "หมู่เกาะโซโลมอน (Solomon Islands) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  135. ^ "สาธารณรัฐโตโก (Togo) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  136. ^ "สหภาพคอโมโรส (Comoros) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  137. ^ "สาธารณรัฐเฮติ (Haiti) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  138. ^ "สาธารณรัฐกาบูเวร์ดี (Cabo Verde) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  139. ^ "ประกาศสำนักนายกรัฐมนตรี เรื่อง การสถาปนาความสัมพันธ์ทางการทูต ระหว่างราชอาณาจักรไทยกับประเทศเซนต์วินเซนต์และเกรนาดีนส์ (in Thai)".
  140. ^ "Saint Vinvent and the Grenadines Diplomatic and Consular List" (PDF).
  141. ^ "สหพันธรัฐเซนต์คิตส์และเนวิส (Saint Kitts and Nevis) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  142. ^ "สาธารณรัฐซูรินาม (Suriname) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  143. ^ "สาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยเซาตูเมและปรินซิปี (Sao Tome and Principe) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  144. ^ "สาธารณรัฐมาลาวี (Malawi) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  145. ^ "สาธารณรัฐเอลซัลวาดอร์ (El Salvador) (MFA Thailand)".
  146. ^ "สาธารณรัฐแอฟริกากลาง (Central African Republic) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  147. ^ "สาธารณรัฐรวันดา (Rwanda) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  148. ^ "สาธารณรัฐแซมเบีย (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  149. ^ "สาธารณรัฐสหกรณ์กายอานา (Guyana) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  150. ^ "สาธารณรัฐเซเชลส์ (Seychelles) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  151. ^ "สาธารณรัฐบุรุนดี (Burundi) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  152. ^ "สาธารณรัฐคองโก (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  153. ^ "บาร์เบโดส (Barbados) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  154. ^ "เซนต์ลูเชีย (Saint Lucia) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  155. ^ "ราชอาณาจักรเลโซโท (Lesotho) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  156. ^ "สาธารณรัฐโมซัมบิก (Mozambique) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  157. ^ "ราชอาณาจักรภูฏาน (Bhutan) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  158. ^ "สาธารณรัฐชาด (Chad) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  159. ^ "สาธารณรัฐนามิเบีย (Namibia) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  160. ^ "สาธารณรัฐมาดากัสการ์ (Madagascar) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  161. ^ "ราชอาณาจักรสวาซิแลนด์ (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  162. ^ "สาธารณรัฐอิเควทอเรียลกินี (Equatorial Guinea) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  163. ^ "สาธารณรัฐลัตเวีย (Latvia) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  164. ^ "สหพันธรัฐไมโครนีเซีย (Micronesia) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  165. ^ "สาธารณรัฐเอสโตเนีย (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  166. ^ "ยูเครน (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  167. ^ "สาธารณรัฐอุซเบกิสถาน (Uzbekistan) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  168. ^ "สาธารณรัฐคาซัคสถาน (Kazakhstan) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  169. ^ "เติร์กเมนิสถาน (Turkmenistan) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  170. ^ "สาธารณรัฐอาร์เมเนีย (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  171. ^ "สาธารณรัฐอาเซอร์ไบจาน (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  172. ^ "เอกอัครราชทูตเบลารุสประจำประเทศไทย เข้าเยี่ยมคารวะรัฐมนตรีช่วยว่าการกระทรวงการต่างประเทศ และร่วมลงนามความตกลงระหว่างไทยกับเบลารุส (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  173. ^ "จอร์เจีย (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  174. ^ "สาธารณรัฐมอลโดวา (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  175. ^ "สาธารณรัฐทาจิกิสถาน (Tajikistan) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  176. ^ "สาธารณรัฐคีร์กีซ (Kyrgyzstan) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  177. ^ "สาธารณรัฐแองโกลา (Angola) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  178. ^ "สาธารณรัฐโครเอเชีย (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  179. ^ "สาธารณรัฐสโลวีเนีย (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  180. ^ "สาธารณรัฐสโลวัก (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  181. ^ "สาธารณรัฐลิทัวเนีย (Lithuania) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  182. ^ "สาธารณรัฐหมู่เกาะมาร์แชลล์ (Marshall Islands) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  183. ^ "รัฐเอริเทรีย (Eritrea) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  184. ^ "สาธารณรัฐแอฟริกาใต้ (South Africa) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  185. ^ "ราชอาณาจักรตองงา (Tonga) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  186. ^ "สาธารณรัฐปาเลา (Palau) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  187. ^ "ราชรัฐลิกเตนสไตน์ (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  188. ^ "เบลีซ (Belize) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  189. ^ "บอสเนียและเฮอร์เซโกวีนา (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  190. ^ "ราชรัฐอันดอร์รา (Andorra) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  191. ^ "สาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยติมอร์-เลสเต (East Timor) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  192. ^ "La principessa di Thailandia a San Marino".
  193. ^ "สาธารณรัฐนาอูรู (Nauru) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  194. ^ "สาธารณรัฐมาซิโดเนีย (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  195. ^ "หมู่เกาะคุก (Cook Islands) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  196. ^ "สาธารณรัฐคิริบาส (Kiribati) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  197. ^ "ตูวาลู (Tuvalu) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  198. ^ "เครือรัฐโดมินิกา (Dominica) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  199. ^ "ราชรัฐโมนาโก (Monaco) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  200. ^ "แอนติกาและบาร์บูดา (Antigua and Barbuda) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  201. ^ "มอนเตเนโกร (Montenegro) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  202. ^ "การสถาปนาความสัมพันธ์ทางการทูตระหว่างราชอาณาจักรไทยกับรัฐปาเลสไตน์ (MFA Thailand in Thai)". Archived from the original on 26 February 2022.
  203. ^ "นีอูเอ (Niue) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  204. ^ "สาธารณรัฐคอซอวอ (Kosovo) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  205. ^ "สาธารณรัฐเซาท์ซูดาน (South Sudan) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
  206. ^ "เครือรัฐบาฮามาส (Bahamas) (MFA Thailand in Thai)".
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  238. ^ "Embassy of Thailand in Ottawa (in English and Thai)". Archived from the original on 7 September 2016. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  239. ^ "Colombian-Thai relations".
  240. ^ "Embassy of Mexico in Bangkok (in English and Spanish)".
  241. ^ "Embassy of Thailand in Mexico City (in English and Spanish)".
  242. ^ Thailand, Peru Sign Free Trade Agreement, World Trade, December 2009, p. 14.
  243. ^ "Embassy of Peru in Bangkok (in English and Spanish)".
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  245. ^ "Embassy of Thailand in Washington, DC (in English and Thai)".
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Further reading

  • Busbarat, Pongphisoot. "Thailand's foreign policy towards neighbouring countries and ASEAN." in Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Thailand (Routledge, 2019) pp. 431–446.
  • Chachavalpongpun, Pavin. Reinventing Thailand: Thaksin and his foreign policy (Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2010).
  • Chambers, Paul, and Poowin Bunyavejchewin. "Thailand's foreign economic policy toward mainland Southeast Asia." (2019). online
  • Guan, Ang Cheng. Southeast Asia's cold war: An interpretive history (U of Hawaii Press, 2018).
  • Klein, Ira. "Salisbury, Rosebery, and the Survival of Siam." Journal of British Studies 8.1 (1968): 119-139. in 1890s
  • Phuangkasem, Corrine. Thailand's Foreign Relations: 1964-80 (Brookfield Publishing Company, 1984).
  • Bhawan Ruangsilp (2007). Dutch East India Company Merchants at the Court of Ayutthaya: Dutch Perceptions of the Thai Kingdom, Ca. 1604-1765. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-15600-5.
  • Suwannathat-Pian, Kobkua. Thai-Malay relations: traditional intra-regional relations from the seventeenth to the early twentieth centuries (Oxford University Press, USA, 1988).
  • Theeravit, Khien. "Thailand: An Overview of Politics and Foreign Relations." Southeast Asian Affairs (1979): 299-311. online
  • Theeravit, Khien. "Thai-Kampuchean Relations: Problems and Prospects." Asian Survey, 22#6 1982, pp. 561–576. online for Cambodia
  • Zawacki, Benjamin. Thailand: Shifting ground between the U.S. and a rising China (2nd ed. . Bloomsbury, 2021).

External links

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