Essex County, Massachusetts: Difference between revisions

Essex County
Essex County
County
	Images, from top down, left to right: The Crane Estate in Ipswich; Heron in the Great Salt Marsh; The John Hale House in Beverly; Eaglehead in Manchester-by-the-Sea
	Seal
	Location within the U.S. state of Massachusetts
	Massachusetts's location within the U.S.
	Coordinates: 42°38′08″N 70°58′15″W / 42.635475°N 70.970825°W
Country	United States
State	Massachusetts
Founded	1643
Named for	Essex, England
Seat	Salem and Lawrence
Largest city	Lynn
Area
• Total	828 sq mi (2,140 km2)
• Land	493 sq mi (1,280 km2)
• Water	336 sq mi (870 km2) 41%
Population (2020)
• Total	809,829
• Density	1,643/sq mi (634/km2)
Time zone	UTC−5 (Eastern)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional districts	3rd, 6th

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42°38′N 70°52′W / 42.64°N 70.87°W / 42.64; -70.87

Essex County is a county in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Massachusetts. At the 2020 census, the total population was 809,829,^[1] making it the third-most populous county in the state, and the seventy-eighth-most populous in the country. It is part of the Greater Boston area (the Boston–Cambridge–Newton, MA–NH Metropolitan Statistical Area). The largest city in Essex County is Lynn. The county was named after the English county of Essex. It has two traditional county seats: Salem and Lawrence. Prior to the dissolution of the county government in 1999, Salem had jurisdiction over the Southern Essex District, and Lawrence had jurisdiction over the Northern Essex District, but currently these cities do not function as seats of government. However, the county and the districts remain as administrative regions recognized by various governmental agencies, which gathered vital statistics or disposed of judicial case loads under these geographic subdivisions, and are required to keep the records based on them. The county has been designated the Essex National Heritage Area by the National Park Service.

History

The county was created by the General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony on May 10, 1643, when it was ordered "that the whole plantation within this jurisdiction be divided into four sheires". Named after the county in England, Essex then comprised the towns of Salem, Lynn, Wenham, Ipswich, Rowley, Newbury, Gloucester and Andover.^[2] In 1680, Haverhill, Amesbury and Salisbury, located north of the Merrimack River, were annexed to Essex County. These communities had been part of Massachusetts' colonial-era Norfolk County (1643–1680). The remaining four towns within "Old" Norfolk County, which included Exeter and what is now Portsmouth, were transferred to the Province of New Hampshire. The Massachusetts-based settlements were then subdivided over the centuries to produce Essex County's modern composition of cities and towns.

Essex County is where Elbridge Gerry (who was born and raised in Marblehead) created a legislative district in 1812 that gave rise to the word gerrymandering.

Due to a confluence of floods, hurricanes, and severe winter storms, Essex County has had more disaster declarations than most other U.S. counties, from 1964 to 2016.^[3]^[4]

Law and government

From the founding of the Republican Party until the New Deal, Essex County was a Republican stronghold in presidential elections. Since 1936, it has trended Democratic, with Dwight Eisenhower in 1952 and 1956 and Ronald Reagan in 1980 and 1984 being the only Republicans to carry the county since.

Like several other Massachusetts counties, Essex County exists today only as a historical geographic region, and has no county government. All former county functions were assumed by state agencies in 1999. The sheriff (currently Kevin Coppinger), district attorney (currently Paul Tucker), and some other regional officials with specific duties are still elected locally to perform duties within the county region, but there is no county council, commissioner, or county employees. Communities are now granted the right to form their own regional compacts for sharing services.

District attorneys of Essex County^[5]
District attorney	Term
Joseph Story	1807–1809
Asa Andrew	1809–1811
David Cummings	1811–1813
John Pickering	1814–1824
Stephen Minot	1824–1830
Asahel Huntington	1830–1846
Albert H. Nelson	1846–1848
Asahel Huntington	1848–1851
Stephen Henry Phillips	1851–1853
Alfred A. Albert	1853–1869
Edgar J. Sherman	1869–1883
Henry P. Moulton	1883–1884
Henry F. Hurlburt	1884–1890
William Henry Moody	1890–1896
Alden P. White	1896–1899
W. Scott Peters	1899–1911
Henry Converse Atwill	1911–1915
Michael A. Sullivan	1915–1916
Louis Cox	1916–1918
Henry Gordon Wells	1918–1920
S. Howard Donnell	1920–1923
William G. Clark	1923–1931
Hugh Cregg	1931–1959
John P. S. Burke	1959–1979
Kevin M. Burke	1979–2003
Jonathan W. Blodgett	2003–2023
Paul Tucker	2023–present

Geography

Essex County is roughly diamond-shaped and occupies the northeastern corner of the state of Massachusetts.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 828 square miles (2,140 km²), of which 493 square miles (1,280 km²) is land and 336 square miles (870 km²) (41%) is water.^[6] Essex County is adjacent to Rockingham County, New Hampshire to the north, the Atlantic Ocean (specifically the Gulf of Maine and Massachusetts Bay) to the east, Suffolk County to the south, Middlesex County to the west and a very small portion of Hillsborough County, New Hampshire to the far north west in Methuen. All county land is incorporated into towns or cities.

Essex County includes the North Shore, Cape Ann, and the lower portions of the Merrimack Valley.

Transportation

These routes pass through Essex County:

I-93, in Methuen and Andover
I-95, about five miles from the coast, through Newburyport
I-495, from Andover to Salisbury through Lawrence and Haverhill
US 1, between I-95 and Route 1A, close to the coast
Route 1A, along the coast
Route 22, in Beverly and Essex
Route 28, in Methuen and Andover
Route 35, in Peabody and Danvers
Route 62, from Middleton to Beverly
Route 97, from Methuen to Beverly
Route 99, in Saugus
Route 107, from Saugus to Beverly
Route 108, in Haverhill
Route 110, from Methuen to Salisbury through Lawrence and Haverhill
Route 113, from Methuen to Newburyport through Haverhill
Route 114, from Lawrence to Marblehead through Middleton
Route 125, from Andover to Haverhill
Route 127, from Beverly to Gloucester
Route 127A, at the tip of Cape Ann
Route 128, Lynnfield through Cape Ann
Route 129, from Lynnfield to Marblehead
Route 129A, in Lynn
Route 133, from Andover to Gloucester
Route 150, in Amesbury
Route 213, in Methuen
Route 286, in Salisbury

The Lawrence Municipal Airport and Beverly Municipal Airport are regional airports within the county; the nearest commercial airports are Logan Airport in Boston and Manchester-Boston Regional Airport in Manchester, NH.

The MBTA commuter rail has two lines operating in Essex County: the Haverhill Line and the Newburyport Line, both of which go toward Boston. Close to Boston, MBTA buses also exist. The MVRTA is a bus company that connects cities within the Merrimack Valley portion of Essex County.

National protected areas

Because of Essex County's rich history, which includes 17th century colonial history, maritime history spanning its existence, and leadership in the expansions of the textile industry in the 19th century, the entire county has been designated the Essex National Heritage Area by the National Park Service.

The following areas of national significance have also been preserved:

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1790	57,879		—
1800	61,196		5.7%
1810	71,888		17.5%
1820	74,655		3.8%
1830	82,859		11.0%
1840	94,987		14.6%
1850	131,300		38.2%
1860	165,611		26.1%
1870	200,843		21.3%
1880	244,535		21.8%
1890	299,995		22.7%
1900	357,030		19.0%
1910	436,477		22.3%
1920	482,156		10.5%
1930	498,040		3.3%
1940	496,313		−0.3%
1950	522,384		5.3%
1960	568,831		8.9%
1970	637,887		12.1%
1980	633,632		−0.7%
1990	670,080		5.8%
2000	723,419		8.0%
2010	743,159		2.7%
2020	809,829		9.0%
2023 (est.)	810,089	^[7]	0.0%
U.S. Decennial Census^[8] 1790–1960^[9] 1900–1990^[10] 1990–2000^[11] 2010–2019^[12]

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 743,159 people, 285,956 households, and 188,005 families residing in the county.^[13] The population density was 1,508.8 inhabitants per square mile (582.6/km²). There were 306,754 housing units at an average density of 622.8 per square mile (240.5/km²).^[14] The racial makeup of the county was 81.9% White, 3.8% Black or African American, 3.1% Asian, 0.4% American Indian, 8.2% from other races, and 2.6% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 16.5% of the population.^[13] In terms of ancestry, 23.3% were Irish, 17.1% were Italian, 12.6% were English, 6.1% were German, and 3.6% were American.^[15]

Of the 285,956 households, 32.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.9% were married couples living together, 13.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 34.3% were non-families, and 28.1% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.14. The median age was 40.4 years.^[13]

The median income for a household in the county was $64,153 and the median income for a family was $81,173. Males had a median income of $58,258 versus $44,265 for females. The per capita income for the county was $33,828. About 7.7% of families and 10.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.3% of those under age 18 and 9.4% of those age 65 or over.^[16]

Demographic breakdown by town

Income

The ranking of unincorporated communities that are included on the list are reflective if the census designated locations and villages were included as cities or towns. Data is from the 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates.^[17]^[18]^[19]

Rank	Town		Per capita income	Median household income	Median family income	Population	Number of households
1	Manchester-by-the-Sea	Town	$69,930	$114,639	$131,136	5,137	2,047
2	Boxford	Town	$67,601	$137,159	$145,691	7,950	2,665
	Boxford	CDP	$65,327	$112,656	$121,000	2,406	763
3	Marblehead	Town	$55,778	$99,574	$122,679	19,811	7,898
4	Wenham	Town	$55,054	$139,856	$159,688	4,831	1,311
	Topsfield	CDP	$53,247	$116,667	$125,156	2,788	976
5	West Newbury	Town	$52,882	$104,931	$123,237	4,222	1,497
6	Andover	Town	$52,404	$113,936	$142,413	32,945	11,929
7	Nahant	Town	$51,308	$77,243	$134,875	3,420	1,531
8	Topsfield	Town	$50,689	$116,122	$122,794	6,075	2,039
9	Swampscott	Town	$48,013	$90,148	$108,004	13,826	5,577
10	North Andover	Town	$47,092	$95,199	$121,563	28,156	10,223
11	Newburyport	City	$46,327	$80,861	$117,305	18,202	10,534
12	Lynnfield	Town	$44,969	$101,921	$115,726	11,548	4,069
13	Newbury	Town	$44,349	$89,107	$120,870	6,647	2,516
	Essex	CDP	$43,589	$77,188	$121,343	1,581	669
14	Rockport	Town	$43,201	$71,447	$98,587	7,021	3,020
15	Georgetown	Town	$42,683	$106,765	$125,417	8,083	2,790
16	Ipswich	Town	$42,494	$84,609	$100,000	13,127	5,473
	Andover	CDP	$41,811	$72,440	$105,000	8,799	3,640
17	Amesbury	City	$41,142	$79,293	$94,946	16,267	6,543
18	Essex	Town	$40,213	$79,492	$115,048	3,470	1,383
	Rowley	CDP	$39,483	$69,243	$75,481	1,370	615
19	Danvers	Town	$39,067	$78,593	$98,723	26,303	10,282
20	Rowley	Town	$38,592	$79,449	$103,197	5,815	2,254
21	Hamilton	Town	$38,157	$103,774	$113,000	7,809	2,532
22	Groveland	Town	$37,173	$91,080	$100,972	6,401	2,372
23	Beverly	City	$36,889	$67,733	$90,672	39,455	15,278
	Salisbury	CDP	$36,812	$65,205	$77,119	4,735	2,117
	Ipswich	CDP	$36,687	$70,970	$86,397	3,951	1,831
24	Merrimac	Town	$36,643	$76,936	$90,812	6,297	2,442
25	Middleton	Town	$36,194	$93,415	$100,288	8,839	2,621
	Rockport	CDP	$36,099	$56,250	$97,241	4,952	2,137
26	Gloucester	City	$35,080	$59,061	$76,610	28,869	12,310
	Massachusetts	State	$35,051	$65,981	$83,371	6,512,227	2,522,409
	Essex County	County	$34,858	$65,785	$83,047	739,505	284,940
27	Salisbury	Town	$34,755	$68,194	$82,353	8,212	3,399
28	Saugus	Town	$34,076	$75,258	$93,125	26,516	9,917
29	Peabody	City	$32,442	$65,471	$80,859	50,824	20,890
30	Salem	City	$30,961	$56,203	$64,769	41,163	17,690
31	Haverhill	City	$30,574	$60,611	$76,754	60,544	24,334
32	Methuen	City	$29,778	$65,799	$81,190	46,785	17,508
	United States	Country	$27,915	$52,762	$64,293	306,603,772	114,761,359
33	Lynn	City	$22,190	$44,367	$51,384	90,006	34,018
34	Lawrence	City	$17,068	$31,478	$35,606	75,761	27,004

Politics

United States presidential election results for Essex County, Massachusetts^[20]^[21]
Year	Republican		Democratic		Third party(ies)
Year	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
2020	144,837	34.39%	267,198	63.44%	9,175	2.18%
2016	136,316	35.37%	222,310	57.69%	26,744	6.94%
2012	150,480	41.07%	210,302	57.40%	5,575	1.52%
2008	137,129	38.80%	208,976	59.12%	7,357	2.08%
2004	135,114	40.55%	194,068	58.24%	4,051	1.22%
2000	110,010	35.45%	178,400	57.49%	21,923	7.06%
1996	89,120	30.58%	171,021	58.68%	31,301	10.74%
1992	102,212	31.71%	140,593	43.62%	79,523	24.67%
1988	148,614	48.65%	151,816	49.69%	5,070	1.66%
1984	162,152	54.84%	132,353	44.77%	1,151	0.39%
1980	130,252	43.78%	116,173	39.05%	51,108	17.18%
1976	125,538	41.65%	165,710	54.97%	10,196	3.38%
1972	138,040	46.47%	157,324	52.96%	1,719	0.58%
1968	99,721	35.40%	171,901	61.03%	10,063	3.57%
1964	71,653	25.32%	210,135	74.27%	1,157	0.41%
1960	126,599	42.90%	167,875	56.89%	607	0.21%
1956	166,115	60.09%	109,671	39.67%	667	0.24%
1952	156,030	55.64%	123,334	43.98%	1,045	0.37%
1948	108,894	44.20%	132,016	53.58%	5,461	2.22%
1944	111,958	48.52%	118,228	51.24%	570	0.25%
1940	116,134	47.65%	125,998	51.69%	1,603	0.66%
1936	97,310	43.64%	106,078	47.57%	19,611	8.79%
1932	95,277	49.36%	91,787	47.55%	5,954	3.08%
1928	102,008	52.91%	89,508	46.42%	1,294	0.67%
1924	92,918	66.58%	25,635	18.37%	20,997	15.05%
1920	95,057	71.87%	30,560	23.11%	6,647	5.03%
1916	35,909	50.51%	32,498	45.71%	2,688	3.78%
1912	21,441	32.17%	20,691	31.05%	24,507	36.78%
1908	36,351	59.23%	18,801	30.63%	6,221	10.14%
1904	36,980	62.26%	18,562	31.25%	3,850	6.48%
1900	32,924	57.82%	19,781	34.74%	4,242	7.45%
1896	37,041	68.64%	15,025	27.84%	1,898	3.52%
1892	29,088	54.49%	21,975	41.16%	2,320	4.35%
1888	27,560	56.70%	19,812	40.76%	1,234	2.54%
1884	20,304	47.70%	15,148	35.58%	7,118	16.72%
1880	22,544	55.31%	16,307	40.01%	1,909	4.68%
1876	21,689	59.02%	14,895	40.53%	165	0.45%
1872	18,522	67.10%	9,083	32.90%	0	0.00%
1868	20,018	72.32%	7,660	27.68%	0	0.00%

Voter registration

Voter registration and party enrollment as of February 2024^[22]
	Unenrolled	378,495	64.81%
	Democratic	147,815	25.31%
	Republican	51,452	8.81%
	Libertarian	1,968	0.34%
	Other parties	4,308	0.74%
Total		584,038	100%

Education

Essex County is home to numerous libraries and schools, both public and private.

School districts

School districts include:^[23]

K-12:

Secondary:

Masconomet School District

Elementary:

Secondary education

Public schools

Amesbury High School serves Amesbury and South Hampton, New Hampshire
Andover High School
Beverly High School
Danvers High School^[24]
Georgetown High School
Gloucester High School
Hamilton-Wenham Regional High School
Haverhill High School
Ipswich High School
Lawrence High School^[25]
Lynn Classical High School
Lynn English High School
Lynnfield High School^[26]
Manchester Essex Regional High School
Marblehead High School
Masconomet Regional High School, serves Topsfield, Boxford and Middleton
Methuen High School
Newburyport High School
North Andover High School
Northshore Academy
Peabody Veterans Memorial High School
Pentucket Regional High School, serves Groveland, Merrimac and West Newbury
Rockport High School
Salem High School
Saugus High School
Swampscott High School,^[27] serves Swampscott and Nahant
Triton Regional High School, serves Newbury, Rowley and Salisbury
Walnut Square Elementary School, in Haverhill is known for its history and clocktower.

Technical schools

Private schools

Higher education

Libraries

Merrimack Valley Library Consortium - Northern Essex and Middlesex County Libraries^[28]
North of Boston Library Exchange - Southern Essex and Middlesex County Libraries^[29]

Economy

Employment

As of 2015, the county had total employment of 282,412.^[6] The largest employer in the county is Massachusetts General Hospital, with over 5,000 employees.^[30]

Banking

Based on deposits in the county, the five largest banks are TD Bank, N.A., Salem Five Cents Bank, Institution for Savings, Bank of America, and Eastern Bank.^[31]

Essex National Heritage Area

On November 12, 1996, Essex National Heritage Area (ENHA) was authorized by Congress. The heritage area consists of all of Essex County, MA a 500-square-mile (1,300 km²) area between the Atlantic Coast and the Merrimack Valley. The area includes 34 cities and towns; two National Historic Sites (Salem Maritime National Historic Site and Saugus Iron Works National Historic Site); and thousands of historic sites and districts that illuminate colonial settlement, the development of the shoe and textile industries, and the growth and decline of the maritime industries, including fishing, privateering, and the China trade.^[32] The Essex National Heritage Area^[33] is one of 49 heritage areas designated by Congress, affiliated with the National Park Service.

The Essex National Heritage Commission is a non-profit organization chartered to promote tourism and cultural awareness of the area, connecting people to the places of Essex County, MA. The commission's mission is to promote and preserve the historic, cultural and natural resources of the ENHA by rallying community support around saving the character of the area. This is accomplished through the commission's projects and programs, which include Partnership Grant Program, Explorers membership program, photo safaris, and the annual September weekend event Trails & Sails,^[34] as well as other important regional partnership building projects like the Essex Heritage Scenic Byway, and the Border to Boston trail.

Communities

The towns and cities of Essex County are listed below.

Cities

Amesbury
Beverly
Gloucester
Haverhill
Lawrence (traditional county seat)
Lynn
Methuen
Newburyport
Peabody
Salem (traditional county seat)

Towns

Census-designated places

Other villages

Notes

^ "Census - Geography Profile: Essex County, Massachusetts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 14, 2021.
^ Davis, William T. Bench and Bar of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, p. 44. The Boston History Company, 1895.
^ "Frequency of Disaster Declarations". New America.
^ "Essex County, Massachusetts". New America.
^ Municipal History of Essex County in Massachusetts. Lewis Historical Publishing Company. 1922. p. 845. Retrieved September 6, 2023.
^ ^a ^b "United States Census Bureau QuickFacts: Essex County, Massachusetts". United States Census Bureau.^{[permanent dead link]}
^ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 3, 2024.
^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 16, 2014.
^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved September 16, 2014.
^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 16, 2014.
^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 16, 2014.
^ "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on June 29, 2011. Retrieved September 5, 2013.
^ ^a ^b ^c "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 13, 2016.
^ "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 13, 2016.
^ "DP02 Selected Social Characteristics in the United States – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 13, 2016.
^ "DP03 Selected Economic Characteristics – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 13, 2016.
^ "Selected Economic Characteristics 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved September 5, 2013.
^ "ACS Demographic and Housing Estimates 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved September 5, 2013.
^ "Households and Families 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved September 5, 2013.
^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org.
^ The leading "other" candidate, Progressive Theodore Roosevelt, received 21,098 votes, while Socialist candidate Eugene Debs received 2,716 votes, Prohibition candidate Eugene Chafin received 444 votes, and Socialist Labor candidate Arthur Reimer received 249 votes.
^ "The Commonwealth of Massachusetts" (PDF). Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. February 24, 2024. Retrieved April 9, 2024.
^ "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Essex County, MA" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. - Text list
^ "Danvers High School". Archived from the original on September 19, 2013. Retrieved December 18, 2018.
^ Lawrence High School
^ Lynnfield High School
^ Swampscott High School
^ Merrimack Valley Library Consortium - Northern Essex and Middlesex County Libraries
^ North of Boston Library Exchange - Southern Essex and Middlesex County Libraries
^ "Largest 200 Employers in Essex County". Massachusetts Executive Office of Labor and Workforce Development. Archived from the original on November 15, 2017. Retrieved November 14, 2017.
^ "Deposit Market Share Report". Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
^ The National Parks: Index 2001-2003, Washington, D.C.: National Park Service, p. 104.
^ Essex National Heritage Area
^ Trails & Sails

References

Arrington, Benjamin F., ed. (1922A). Municipal History of Essex County in Massachusetts. Vol. I (Tercentenary ed.). New York: Lewis Historical Publishing Company.
Arrington, Benjamin F., ed. (1922B). Municipal History of Essex County in Massachusetts. Vol. II (Tercentenary ed.). New York: Lewis Historical Publishing Company.
Arrington, Benjamin F., ed. (1922C). Municipal History of Essex County in Massachusetts. Vol. III (Tercentenary ed.). New York: Lewis Historical Publishing Company.
Arrington, Benjamin F., ed. (1922D). Municipal History of Essex County in Massachusetts. Vol. IV (Tercentenary ed.). New York: Lewis Historical Publishing Company.
Hurd, Duane Hamilton. History of Essex County, Massachusetts: With Biographical Sketches of Many Pioneers and Prominent Men. Volume 1. Volume 2 Published 1888 by J.W. Lewis and Co.
Newhall, James Robinson. The Essex Memorial, for 1836: Embracing a Register of the County. Published 1836.
Lewis, Alonzo and James Robinson Newhall. History of Lynn, Essex County, Massachusetts: Including Lynnfield,Saugus, Swampscott and Nahant.Published 1865 by John L. Shorey 13 Washington St. Lynn.
Perley, Sidney. The Essex Antiquarian. Volume 1 1897.Volume 3 1899.Volume 6 1902.Volume 8 1904
Various. Early Massachusetts Vital Records 1600–1849

External links

Registries

"Southern Essex District Registry of Deeds". Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Archived from the original on November 19, 2012. Located in Salem, Massachusetts.
"Northern Essex Registry of Deeds". Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Located in Lawrence, Massachusetts.

Maps

"Map of Essex County, Mass". Atlases. Registry of Deeds Southern Essex District. 1872. Archived from the original on February 8, 2012.
US Census Bureau map of cities, towns, Native American reservations, and census-designated places

Other sites

"Merrimack Valley Planning Commission". Official website.
"PEM Peabody Essex Museum". Official website.
"Massachusetts - Essex County". National Register of Historic Places. nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com. Archived from the original on October 16, 2012. Retrieved October 16, 2012.
Essex County Sheriff's Department

[1] "Census - Geography Profile: Essex County, Massachusetts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 14, 2021.

[2] Davis, William T. Bench and Bar of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, p. 44. The Boston History Company, 1895.

[3] "Frequency of Disaster Declarations". New America.

[4] "Essex County, Massachusetts". New America.

[5] Municipal History of Essex County in Massachusetts. Lewis Historical Publishing Company. 1922. p. 845. Retrieved September 6, 2023.

[quickfacts-6] "United States Census Bureau QuickFacts: Essex County, Massachusetts". United States Census Bureau.^{[permanent dead link]}

[USCensusEst2023-7] "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 3, 2024.

[8] "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 16, 2014.

[9] "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved September 16, 2014.

[10] "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 16, 2014.

[11] "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 16, 2014.

[QF-12] "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on June 29, 2011. Retrieved September 5, 2013.

[census-dp1-13] "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 13, 2016.

[census-density-14] "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 13, 2016.

[census-dp2-15] "DP02 Selected Social Characteristics in the United States – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 13, 2016.

[census-dp3-16] "DP03 Selected Economic Characteristics – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 13, 2016.

[17] "Selected Economic Characteristics 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved September 5, 2013.

[18] "ACS Demographic and Housing Estimates 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved September 5, 2013.

[19] "Households and Families 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved September 5, 2013.

[20] Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org.

[21] The leading "other" candidate, Progressive Theodore Roosevelt, received 21,098 votes, while Socialist candidate Eugene Debs received 2,716 votes, Prohibition candidate Eugene Chafin received 444 votes, and Socialist Labor candidate Arthur Reimer received 249 votes.

[Voters-22] "The Commonwealth of Massachusetts" (PDF). Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. February 24, 2024. Retrieved April 9, 2024.

[23] "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Essex County, MA" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. - Text list

[24] "Danvers High School". Archived from the original on September 19, 2013. Retrieved December 18, 2018.

[25] Lawrence High School

[26] Lynnfield High School

[27] Swampscott High School

[28] Merrimack Valley Library Consortium - Northern Essex and Middlesex County Libraries

[29] North of Boston Library Exchange - Southern Essex and Middlesex County Libraries

[30] "Largest 200 Employers in Essex County". Massachusetts Executive Office of Labor and Workforce Development. Archived from the original on November 15, 2017. Retrieved November 14, 2017.

[31] "Deposit Market Share Report". Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.

[32] The National Parks: Index 2001-2003, Washington, D.C.: National Park Service, p. 104.

[33] Essex National Heritage Area

[34] Trails & Sails

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v t e Municipalities and communities of Essex County, Massachusetts, United States
County seats: Salem and Lawrence
Cities	Amesbury Beverly Gloucester Haverhill Lawrence Lynn Methuen Newburyport Peabody Salem
Towns	Andover Boxford Danvers Essex Georgetown Groveland Hamilton Ipswich Lynnfield Manchester-by-the-Sea Marblehead Merrimac Middleton Nahant Newbury North Andover Rockport Rowley Salisbury Saugus Swampscott Topsfield Wenham West Newbury
CDPs	Andover (CDP) Boxford (CDP) Essex (CDP) Ipswich (CDP) Rockport (CDP) Rowley (CDP) Salisbury (CDP) Topsfield (CDP)
Other villages	Annisquam Ballardvale Beverly Farms Bradford Byfield Clifton Magnolia Merrimacport Plum Island
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Counties	Barnstable Berkshire Bristol Dukes Essex Franklin Hampden Hampshire Middlesex Nantucket Norfolk Plymouth Suffolk Worcester Note: Nine former counties were in the District of Maine
Cities	Agawam Amherst Amesbury Attleboro Barnstable Beverly Boston Braintree Bridgewater Brockton Cambridge Chelsea Chicopee East Longmeadow Easthampton Everett Fall River Fitchburg Framingham Franklin Gardner Gloucester Greenfield Haverhill Holyoke Lawrence Leominster Lowell Lynn Malden Marlborough Medford Melrose Methuen New Bedford Newburyport Newton North Adams Northampton Palmer Peabody Pittsfield Quincy Randolph Revere Salem Somerville Southbridge Springfield Taunton Waltham Watertown Westfield West Springfield Weymouth Winthrop Woburn Worcester Note: Municipalities not listed have a town meeting form of government (see all municipalities)
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v t e Massachusetts public high schools
Barnstable County	Barnstable (Barnstable Sturgis Charter) Bourne (Bourne Upper Cape Cod Regional Technical) Chatham Dennis-Yarmouth Regional Falmouth Harwich (Cape Cod Regional Technical Harwich Monomoy Regional) Mashpee Nauset Regional Provincetown Sandwich
Berkshire County	Berkshire Arts & Technology Charter Hoosac Valley Lee Lenox Memorial Monument Mountain Regional Mount Everett Regional Mount Greylock Regional North Adams (Drury Charles H. McCann Technical) Pittsfield (Pittsfield Taconic) Wahconah Regional
Bristol County	Attleboro Dartmouth Dighton (Dighton-Rehoboth Regional Bristol County Agricultural) Fairhaven Easton (Oliver Ames Southeastern Regional Vocational Technical) Fall River (B.M.C. Durfee Diman Regional Vocational Technical) Joseph Case Mansfield New Bedford (Greater New Bedford Regional Vocational-Technical New Bedford) North Attleborough Norton Seekonk Somerset Berkley Regional Taunton (Bristol-Plymouth Regional Technical Taunton) Westport
Dukes County	Martha's Vineyard Regional Martha's Vineyard Charter
Essex County	Amesbury Andover (Andover Greater Lawrence Technical) Beverly (Beverly Northshore Academy) Danvers (Danvers Essex Agricultural and Technical) Georgetown Gloucester Hamilton-Wenham Regional Haverhill (Haverhill Whittier Regional Vocational Technical) Ipswich Lawrence Lynn (Lynn Classical Lynn English Lynn Vocational and Technical) Lynnfield Manchester Essex Regional Marblehead Masconomet Regional Methuen Newburyport North Andover North Shore Technical Peabody Veterans Memorial Pentucket Regional Rockport Salem Saugus Swampscott Triton Regional
Franklin County	Frontier Regional Greenfield (Four Rivers Charter Greenfield) Mohawk Trail Regional Montague (Franklin County Technical Turners Falls) Pioneer Valley Ralph C. Mahar Regional
Hampden County	Agawam Chicopee (Chicopee Comprehensive Chicopee) East Longmeadow Holyoke Longmeadow Ludlow Minnechaug Regional Monson Palmer (Palmer Pathfinder Vocational Technical) Southwick Regional Springfield (SABIS International Charter Springfield High School of Commerce Roger L Putnam Vocational-Technical Springfield Central Springfield High School of Science and Technology Springfield Renaissance) West Springfield Westfield (Westfield Westfield Technical)
Hampshire County	Amherst Regional Belchertown Easthampton Gateway Regional Granby Junior Senior Hampshire Regional Hopkins Academy Northampton (Northampton Smith Vocational and Agricultural) Smith Academy South Hadley (Pioneer Valley Performing Arts Charter South Hadley) Ware
Middlesex County	Acton-Boxborough Regional Arlington Ashland Ayer (Ayer Shirley Regional Francis W. Parker Charter) Bedford Belmont Billerica (Billerica Memorial Shawsheen Valley Technical) Burlington Cambridge (Cambridge Rindge and Latin Community Charter School of Cambridge Prospect Hill Academy Charter School) Chelmsford Concord-Carlisle Dracut Everett (Everett Pioneer Charter School of Science) Framingham (Framingham Joseph P. Keefe Technical) Groton-Dunstable Regional Holliston Hopkinton Hudson Lexington (Lexington Minuteman Career and Technical) Lincoln-Sudbury Regional Littleton Lowell (Lowell Lowell Middlesex Academy Charter) Malden (Malden Mystic Valley Regional Charter) Marlborough (Advanced Math and Science Academy Charter Assabet Valley Regional Technical Marlborough) Maynard Medford (Medford Medford Vocational Technical) Melrose Natick Newton (Newton North Newton South) North Middlesex Regional North Reading Reading Memorial Somerville Stoneham Tewksbury Memorial Tyngsborough (Greater Lowell Technical Innovation Academy Charter Tyngsborough) Wakefield (Northeast Metro Tech Wakefield Memorial) Waltham Watertown Wayland Westford (Nashoba Valley Technical Westford Academy) Weston Wilmington Winchester Woburn Memorial
Nantucket County	Nantucket
Norfolk County	Avon Middle High Bellingham (Bellingham Primavera Junior/Senior) Braintree Brookline Canton (Blue Hills Regional Technical Canton) Cohasset Dedham Dover-Sherborn Foxborough (Foxborough Foxborough Regional Charter) Franklin (Franklin Tri-County Regional Vocational Technical) Holbrook Junior Senior King Philip Regional Medfield Medway Millis Milton Needham Norwood Quincy (North Quincy Quincy) Randolph Sharon Stoughton Walpole (Norfolk County Agricultural Walpole) Wellesley Westwood Weymouth
Plymouth County	Abington Apponequet Regional Bridgewater-Raynham Regional Brockton (Brockton Brockton Champion Edison Academy Frederick Douglass Academy Goddard Alternative School) Carver Duxbury East Bridgewater Hanover (Hanover South Shore Vocational Technical) Hingham Hull Marshfield Middleborough Norwell (Norwell South Shore Charter) Old Colony Regional Vocational Technical Old Rochester Regional Pembroke Plymouth (Plymouth North Plymouth South Rising Tide Charter) Rockland Senior Scituate Silver Lake Regional Wareham West Bridgewater Whitman-Hanson Regional
Suffolk County	Boston (Academy of the Pacific Rim Charter Another Course to College Boston Arts Academy Boston Community Leadership Academy Boston Day and Evening Academy Boston Latin Academy Boston Latin School Brighton Charlestown City on a Hill Charter Codman Academy Charter Dorchester East Boston Edward M. Kennedy Academy for Health Careers The English High School Excel Fenway Greater Egleston Hyde Park Jamaica Plain Jeremiah E. Burke School John D. O'Bryant School of Mathematics & Science Madison Park Technical Vocational Match Charter Monument New Mission Odyssey Roxbury Charter Roxbury Memorial Snowden International School South Boston TechBoston Academy West Roxbury) Chelsea (Chelsea Phoenix Charter) Revere (Revere SeaCoast) Winthrop
Worcester County	Algonquin Regional Athol Auburn Bartlett Junior Senior Blackstone-Millville Regional Bay Path Regional Vocational Technical The Bromfield School Clinton David Prouty Douglas Fitchburg (Fitchburg North Central Essential Charter) Gardner Grafton Hopedale Junior Senior Leicester Leominster Lunenburg Milford Millbury Murdock Montachusett Regional Vocational Technical Narragansett Regional Nashoba Regional North Brookfield Northbridge Oakmont Regional Oxford Quabbin Regional Quaboag Regional Southbridge Sutton Upton (Blackstone Valley Regional Vocational Technical Nipmuc Regional) Worcester (Abby Kelley Foster Charter Burncoat Doherty Memorial Massachusetts Academy of Math and Science at WPI North South High Community School University Park Campus School Worcester Technical) Shepherd Hill Regional Shrewsbury Tahanto Regional Tantasqua Regional Uxbridge Wachusett Regional West Boylston Westborough
Italics indicates closed schools

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