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===Origins===
===Origins===
The original site, known as Llanos de Balbuena, had been use for aeronautical activities since 1910, when Alberto Braniff became the first to fly on aeroplane in Mexico, and in Latin America.
The original site, known as Llanos de Balbuena, had been use for aeronautical activities since 1910, when Alberto Braniff became the first to fly on aeroplane in Mexico, and in Latin America.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sandiegoairandspace.org/exhibits/mexican_american_exhibit/|title=Mexican-americans in aviation online exhibition|publisher=San Diego Air & Space Museum|accessdate=September 7, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/the_americas/summary/v067/67.3.ganson.html|title=Conquistador of the Sky: A History of Aviation in Latin America|publisher=Project MUSE|accessdate=September 7, 2014}}</ref>
In 1915 the airport first opened as Balbuena Military Airport with five runways. The first landing was on November 5, 1928, and regular service started a year later, but was officially inaugurated on May 15, 1931. On July 8, 1943, the Official Gazette of the Federation published a decree that acknowledged Mexico City's Central Airport as an International Airport, capable of managing international arrivals and departures of passengers and aircraft. Its first international route was to [[Los Angeles International Airport]] operated by [[Mexicana de Aviación|Mexicana]]. Construction of Runway 05D-23I started six years later, as well as new facilities such as a platform, a terminal building, a control tower and offices for the authorities. The runway started its operations in 1951. On November 19, 1952, President [[Miguel Alemán Valdés|Miguel Alemán]] opened the terminal, thus becoming a commercial airport.<ref>{{cite web|url=http:/contenido.com.mx/2013/11/un-ano-mas-del-aicm/|title=One more year of Mexico City International Airport (In Spanish)|publisher=Contenido|accessdate=September 7, 2014}}</ref>
In 1915 the airport first opened as Balbuena Military Airport with five runways. Construction of a small civilian airport in 1928. The first landing was on November 5, 1928, and regular service started a year later, but was officially inaugurated on May 15, 1931. On July 8, 1943, the Official Gazette of the Federation published a decree that acknowledged Mexico City's Central Airport as an International Airport, capable of managing international arrivals and departures of passengers and aircraft. Its first international route was to [[Los Angeles International Airport]] operated by [[Mexicana de Aviación|Mexicana]]. Construction of Runway 05D-23I started six years later, as well as new facilities such as a platform, a terminal building, a control tower and offices for the authorities. The runway started its operations in 1951. On November 19, 1952, President [[Miguel Alemán Valdés|Miguel Alemán]] opened the terminal, thus becoming a commercial airport.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://contenido.com.mx/2013/11/un-ano-mas-del-aicm/|title=One more year of Mexico City International Airport (In Spanish)|publisher=Contenido|accessdate=September 7, 2014}}</ref>


In 1956 the airport had four runways in service: 05L-23R (2,720m long, 40m wide), 5R-23L (3,000m long, 45m wide), with electric lights for night-time service; 13-31 (2,300m long, 40m wide) which had been built to relieve 14-32, to which residential areas had encroached too closely; and 5 Auxiliar (759m long).<ref>[http://www.aicm.com.mx/acercadelaicm/Archivos/BREVEHISTORIA2011.pdf "Breve Historia del Aeropuerto Internacional de la Ciudad de México", Mexico City International Airport]</ref>
In 1956 the airport had four runways in service: 05L-23R (2,720m long, 40m wide), 5R-23L (3,000m long, 45m wide), with electric lights for night-time service; 13-31 (2,300m long, 40m wide) which had been built to relieve 14-32, to which residential areas had encroached too closely; and 5 Auxiliar (759m long).<ref>[http://www.aicm.com.mx/acercadelaicm/Archivos/BREVEHISTORIA2011.pdf "Breve Historia del Aeropuerto Internacional de la Ciudad de México", Mexico City International Airport]</ref>

Revision as of 20:31, 6 September 2014

Not to be confused with Benito Juárez Airport, Argentina.
Mexico City International Airport

Aeropuerto Internacional de la Ciudad de México
File:Aeropuerto Internacional de la Ciudad de México (logo).jpg
Mexico City International Airport as seen from a satellite before the construction of Terminal 2.
Summary
Airport typePublic
OwnerGrupo Aeroportuario de la Ciudad de México
OperatorAeropuertos y Servicios Auxiliares
ServesMexico City, Mexico
LocationVenustiano Carranza, D.F.
Hub for
Focus city for

Passenger

Cargo

Elevation AMSL7,316 ft / 2,230 m
Websitewww.aicm.com.mx
Map
MEX is located in Mexico City
MEX
MEX
Location within Mexico City
Map
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
05R/23L 3,900 12,795 Asphalt
05L/23R 3,952 12,966 Asphalt
Statistics (August '13 - July '14)
Aircraft movements403,864
Increase 4.84%
Passengers33,082,456
Increase 8.46%
Cargo tonnage384,255.42
Increase 0.36%
Economic & social impact (2012)$4.4 billion & 187.9 thousand[1]
Source: DAFIF[2][3]
Statistics: Airport website,[4]

Mexico City International Airport (Spanish: Aeropuerto Internacional de la Ciudad de México, AICM); officially Aeropuerto Internacional Benito Juárez ([Benito Juárez International Airport] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help)) (IATA: MEX, ICAO: MMMX) is a commercial airport that serves Mexico City. It is Mexico's busiest and Latin America's second busiest airport by passenger traffic; and it is both Mexico's and Latin America's busiest airport by aircraft movements. The airport sustains 35,000 jobs directly and around 15,000 indirectly in the immediate area.[1] The airport is owned by Grupo Aeroportuario de la Ciudad de México and operated by Aeropuertos y Servicios Auxiliares, the government-owned corporation, which also operates 22 other airports throughout Mexico.[5] In recent years Toluca Airport has become an alternate airport.

This hot and high airport is served by 46 domestic and international airlines, including cargo carriers. As the main hub for Mexico's largest airline Aeroméxico and a secondary hub for its subsidiary Aeroméxico Connect, the airport has become a SkyTeam hub. It is also a hub for Aeromar, Interjet, Volaris and a focus city for VivaAerobus. On a typical day, more than 90,000 passengers[4] pass through the airport to and from more than 100 destinations on four continents. In 2013, the airport served 31,534,638 passengers, a 6.9% increase compared to 2012.[4] For the 12-month period ending July 31, 2014, the airport handled 33,082,456 passengers.[4]

Operating at the limits of its capacity, the airport will be replaced by a new Mexico City international airport, announced in September 2014, to be built east of the current airport.[6] [7]

Location

Located at the neighborhood of Peñón de los Baños within Venustiano Carranza, one of the sixteen boroughs into which Mexico's Federal District is divided, the airport is 5 km (3.1 mi) east from Downtown Mexico City and is surrounded by the built-up areas of Gustavo A. Madero to the north and Venustiano Carranza to the west, south and east. As the airport is located on the east side of Mexico City and its runways run southwest-northeast, an airliner's landing approach is usually directly over the conurbation of Mexico City when the wind is from the northeast.

History

Inauguration of Iberia's Mexico City-Madrid route, March 1, 1950
President and Mrs. Kennedy debark Air Force One, June 29, 1962

Origins

The original site, known as Llanos de Balbuena, had been use for aeronautical activities since 1910, when Alberto Braniff became the first to fly on aeroplane in Mexico, and in Latin America.[8][9] In 1915 the airport first opened as Balbuena Military Airport with five runways. Construction of a small civilian airport in 1928. The first landing was on November 5, 1928, and regular service started a year later, but was officially inaugurated on May 15, 1931. On July 8, 1943, the Official Gazette of the Federation published a decree that acknowledged Mexico City's Central Airport as an International Airport, capable of managing international arrivals and departures of passengers and aircraft. Its first international route was to Los Angeles International Airport operated by Mexicana. Construction of Runway 05D-23I started six years later, as well as new facilities such as a platform, a terminal building, a control tower and offices for the authorities. The runway started its operations in 1951. On November 19, 1952, President Miguel Alemán opened the terminal, thus becoming a commercial airport.[10]

In 1956 the airport had four runways in service: 05L-23R (2,720m long, 40m wide), 5R-23L (3,000m long, 45m wide), with electric lights for night-time service; 13-31 (2,300m long, 40m wide) which had been built to relieve 14-32, to which residential areas had encroached too closely; and 5 Auxiliar (759m long).[11]

1960s–1990s

On December 2, 1963, Walter C. Buchanan, former director of the Transport and Communications Department (SCT), changed the airport's name "Aeropuerto Central" (Central Airport) to "Aeropuerto Internacional de la Ciudad de México" (Mexico City International Airport).

In the 1970s, president Luis Echeverría closed the two remaining shorter runways (13/31 and 5 Auxiliar); on the land of 13-31 a social housing complex was built, Unidad Fiviport.[12][13][14] leaving the two parallel runways. In 1980, the terminal was expanded to double its capacity, using a single large terminal rather than multiple terminals as in other airports. Ten years later in 1990, the mixed domestic/international gates were separated to increase the terminal's functionality, along with the separation of domestic and international check-in halls.

On November 24, 1978, the "Mexico" Control Tower began its operations; it has been in service since then.

The AICM has continually improved its infrastructure. On August 15, 1979, and after about a year of remodeling works, the terminal building reopened to the public; the airport continued its operations during the renovation, which improved passenger transit with better space distribution in walkways and rooms.

Due to constant growth in demand of both passengers and operations, on January 13, 1994, the Official Gazette of the Federation, published a presidential agreement that prohibited general aviation operations in the AICM, which were moved to Toluca International Airport in order to clear air traffic in the capital's airport.

Renovations to the AICM continued and on April 11, 1994, a new International Terminal building was ready and operational. It was built by a private contractor according to a co-investment agreement with Airports and Auxiliary Services.

In 2001, in order to improve service to passengers, construction for Module XI started. This Module permitted eight new contact positions in the Airport Terminal, capable of receiving eight regular airplanes, two wide-body, or four narrow-body aircraft.

2003–2007 expansion

Main article: 2003 Mexico City airport expansion

Because of the increasing traffic, president Vicente Fox announced the construction of a new, larger airport on 5,000 ha (12,000 acres) in the municipalities of Texcoco and San Salvador Atenco, but when local violent protests took place in 2002, the new airport was cancelled. Instead, to respond to the growing demand and aiming to position the AICM as one of the greatest in terms of quality, services, security, and operational functionality, on May 30, 2003, the Federal Government announced an update: an extension to the air terminal in order to widen its service capacity from 20 million to 32 million passengers a year. This program was part of the Metropolitan Airport System, promoted by the Federal Administration. The Communications and Transportation Ministry (SCT), Aeropuertos y Servicios Auxiliares (ASA) and AICM performed expansion and remodeling work on Terminal 1, over a surface area of 90,000 square metres (970,000 sq ft); 48,000 of which were new construction and 42,000 of which were remodeled. The renovations include new airline counters, commercial spaces and an elevator for people with disabilities, which improved the flow of passengers with domestic destinations.

Among other works performed in the international area, a long-distance bus terminal was built with connections to Puebla, Cuernavaca, Pachuca, Toluca, Querétaro y Orizaba. The new bus station has access to a food court and the international arrivals and departures area, as well as a pedestrian bridge that connects to "The Peñón de los Baños" neighborhood.

The airport was formally named after the 19th century president Benito Juárez in 2006.

On November 15, 2007, Terminal 2 was opened, significantly increasing the airport's capacity. All SkyTeam members moved their operations to the new terminal, except Air France and KLM. It was officially inaugurated in March 2008, once the new road accesses and taxiways were finished. Terminal 2 increased the airport's contact positions by 40% and the operational capacity by 15%.

Lack of capacity and slot restriction

The airport as seen from an aircraft in 2011.

The airport has suffered from a lack of capacity due to restrictions on expansion, since it is located in a densely populated area. Some analysts have reported that if the airport had grown at the same speed as demand, it would now serve over 40 million passengers annually. The main issue with the airport is the limitation that its two runways provide, since they are used at 97.3% of their maximum capacity, leaving a very short room for new operations into the airport. Only government, military, commercial, and specially authorized aircraft are allowed to land at the airport. Private aircraft must use alternate airports, such as Lic. Adolfo López Mateos International Airport in Toluca, General Mariano Matamoros Airport in Cuernavaca, or Hermanos Serdán International Airport in Puebla. Even with the inauguration of the new Terminal 2 in 2007, the airport would be ideally designed to serve around 18 million passengers per year, according to international standards for runway and terminal usage. Instead, the airport will keep increasing the number of passengers from around 26 million passengers in 2008 at a rate of 16% per year.

New Airport

Main article: New Mexico City international airport

The construction of a new Mexico City international airport was announced by Mexican president Enrique Peña Nieto on September 2, 2014,[15] who said that it would be emblemático, or a national symbol. The new airport will replace the current Mexico City International Airport, which is at capacity. It is to have one large terminal of 6,000,000 square feet (560,000 m2) and six runways: two that are each 4.5 km long and four that are each 4 km long. The architects are Sir Norman Foster and Fernando Romero, son-in-law of billionaire Carlos Slim and architect of the Soumaya Museum.[16][17]

Construction will take eight years and depending on the source, is estimated to cost 120 or 169 billion Mexican pesos, about 9–13 billion US dollars. It will be built on land already owned by the federal government in the Zona Federal del Lago de Texcoco, between Ecatepec and Atenco in the State of Mexico, about 10 km northeast of the current airport.[18][19]

The terminal is to be sustainable, aiming for a LEED Platinum certification.[20]

Terminals and facilities

Terminal layout before T2
Terminal layout after T2 was built
External façade of Terminal 2.
Terminal 2 - Departures waiting area.
Terminal 2 Hall L2 in the foreground, Hall L1 in the far background.
Terminal 2 Hall L3 entrance.
Terminal 2 Hall L3 Check-in counters.

Terminals

Mexico City International Airport has two passenger terminals. Terminal 1 is separated from Terminal 2 by the runways.

Terminal 1

  • Opened in 1958; expanded in 1970, 1989, 1998, 2000 and 2004
  • Overall terminal surface: 542,000 m2 (5,830,000 sq ft)
  • Contact positions: 33
  • Remote positions: 17 (34 Before New T2 was built)
  • Number of jetways: 33
  • Number of airside halls: 10 (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J)
  • Number of landside (check-in) halls: 9 (A1, A2, B, C, D, D1, F1, F2, F3)
  • Number of mobile-lounges: 11 (A7-A, A7-B, A7-C, A9-A, A9-B, A9-C, A9-D, A9-E, F19-A, F19-C, F19-D)
  • Hotel service:
    • 600 rooms Camino Real
    • 288 rooms Courtyard
    • 327 rooms Fiesta Inn by Fiesta Americana (Located across from Terminal 1)
    • 110 rooms Hilton
  • Parking service: 3,100 vehicles (Domestic), 2,400 vehicles (International)
  • Space per passenger in T1: 17 m2 (180 sq ft)
  • Number of baggage claim carousels: 22
  • Premium Lounges in T1:

Terminal 1 is currently the largest airport terminal in the Americas and the fourth largest in the world.

Terminal 2

  • Opened in 2007
  • Overall terminal surface: 288,000 m2 (3,100,000 sq ft)
  • Contact positions: 23
  • Remote positions: 18 (Aeromar and Aeroméxico Connect)
  • Number of jetways: 23
  • Number of airside halls: 2 (Domestic, International)
  • Number of landside (check-in) halls: 3 (L1, L2, L3)
  • Hotel service:
    • 287 rooms NH
  • Parking service: 3,000 vehicles
  • Space per passenger in T2: 22 m2 (240 sq ft)
  • Number of baggage claim carousels: 15
  • Premium Lounges in T2:
    • Club Diamante (Aeromar)
    • Salón Premier (Aeroméxico)
    • Salón Premier Internacional T2 (Aeroméxico)
    • Riedel Wine Room (Aeroméxico)
    • Travel Pass Elite Lounge (Banamex/Citibank)
    • Centurion American Express Lounge (American Express)
  • Platform surface: 426,000 m2 (4,590,000 sq ft)
  • Inter-terminal Aerotrén capacity: 7,800 daily passengers

Terminal 2 was built over a surface area of 242,666.55m² and has modern security systems, in accordance with international standards including a passenger traffic separation systems. The new facility will help AICM increase its capacity to 32 million passengers per year.

Air operations in the new facilities began on November 15, 2007, with flights by Aeromar and Delta Air Lines, and later AeroMéxico, Copa, LAN and Continental Airlines. Terminal 2 was formally inaugurated by former Presidente Felipe Calderón Hinojosa on March 26, 2008.

These projects were done without affecting airplane takeoffs and departures, and will help Mexico City International Airport offer better services, and respond to the growing demand of passengers and operations in the coming years.

Terminal 2 is now housing all Aeroméxico flights out of the airport, becoming the airline's main distribution center. Although the terminal was intended to be served by all-SkyTeam member airlines, Air France and KLM decided to remain at Terminal 1.

Other facilities

Aeropuertos y Servicios Auxiliares, a government-owned corporation that operates airports in Mexico, has its headquarters on the airport property.,[21] Aeropuertos y Servicios Auxiliares. Retrieved on December 20, 2011. "Av.602 No.161 Col.Zona Federal Aeropuerto Internacional Ciudad de México Delegación Venustiano Carranza, C.P.15620, México D.F."</ref> The Aeromar headquarters are located in Hangar 7 in Zone D of the General Aviation Terminal of the airport.[22][23] Aviacsa had its headquarters in Hangar 1 in Zone C. Aviacsa ceased operations on May 4, 2011.

Airlines and destinations

Terminal 2 - AeroMéxico aircraft parked at North Concourse. AeroMéxico is the largest carrier operating at Benito Juárez Airport.
Air France Boeing 747-400 arriving from Charles de Gaulle airport.
Iberia Airbus 340-600 taxiing at the airport.
Copa Airlines Boeing 737-800 taking off to Panama City.
American Airlines Boeing 737-800. The airline operates 70 flights per week to 3 destinations in the US.
AeroMéxico Connect Embraer 190 taxiing with T2 in the background. Connect operates the most destinations from the airport (47).
Interjet aircraft parked at the side of T1. Interjet links the airport with 44 destinations within Mexico and other 5 countries.
Volaris Airbus 320 landing at Benito Juárez airport.

The airport connects 51 domestic and 50 international destinations in Latin America, North America, Europe and Asia. Its most prominent foreign airlines are United Airlines, combined with ExpressJet Airlines traffic, American Airlines, Delta Air Lines and Avianca Holdings. Other airlines with a presence on a lesser scale include Copa Airlines, Iberia, Lufthansa, Air France and US Airways.

In terms of international passengers MEX is the third-busiest airport in Latin America [behind only São Paulo-Guarulhos International Airport (12,524,000 passengers)[24] & Cancún International Airport (10,890,500 passengers)].[25]

Aeroméxico/Aeroméxico Connect operates the most departures from the airport followed by Interjet, Volaris, and Aeromar. Aeroméxico also operates to the most destinations followed by Interjet. In peak season, Iberia and Air France operate the most trans-Atlantic flights (28 flights per week) with nonstop service to Madrid and Paris. As a foreign airline, Lufthansa operates the most destinations in Europe (2). Aeroméxico operates 2 trans-Pacific flights to destinations in China and Japan. As American carrier, United Airlines serves the most destinations in the US (7). Air Canada serves the most destinations in Canada (2), while AeroMéxico serves the most destinations to Central and South America (12).

This table lists passengers flights served with a nonstop or direct flight with no change of aircraft carrying passengers originating in Mexico City according to the airlines' published schedules, unless otherwise noted.

AirlinesDestinationsTerminal/
Concourse
AeromarAcapulco, Ciudad Victoria, Colima, Durango, Ixtapa/Zihuatanejo, Lázaro Cárdenas, Manzanillo, Matamoros, Morelia, Piedras Negras, Poza Rica, Puerto Escondido, San Luis Potosí, Tepic, Veracruz, Xalapa
Summer seasonal: Huatulco		2Note 1
AeromarAustin, McAllen2 North
AeroméxicoBogotá, Buenos Aires-Ezeiza, Cancún, Caracas, Chicago-O'Hare, Guadalajara, Havana, Las Vegas, Lima, London-Heathrow, Los Angeles, Madrid, Miami, Monterrey, Montréal-Trudeau, New York-JFK, Orlando, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Quito, Rio de Janeiro–Galeão, San Francisco, San José de Costa Rica, Santiago de Chile, São Paulo-Guarulhos, Shanghai-Pudong, Tijuana, Tokyo-Narita, Washington-Dulles
Seasonal: Houston-Intercontinental
Winter seasonal: Denver, Fresno, Sacramento		2 North
AeroméxicoAcapulco, Cancún, Chihuahua, Ciudad del Carmen, Culiacán, Guadalajara, Hermosillo, Mazatlán, Mérida, Mexicali, Monterrey, Puerto Vallarta, San José del Cabo, Tijuana, Torreón/Gómez Palacio, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Villahermosa
Seasonal: Aguascalientes, Ciudad Juárez, Huatulco, León/El Bajío, Morelia, Oaxaca, Reynosa, Tapachula, Veracruz 		2 South
Aeroméxico ConnectDallas/Fort Worth, Guatemala City, Houston-Intercontinental, Mérida, Miami, San Antonio, San Pedro Sula, San Salvador 2 North
Aeroméxico ConnectAcapulco, Aguascalientes, Campeche, Cancún, Chihuahua, Ciudad del Carmen, Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Obregón, Culiacán, Durango, Guadalajara, Huatulco, Ixtapa/Zihuatanejo, La Paz, León/El Bajío, Los Mochis, Manzanillo, Matamoros, Mazatlán, Mérida, Mexicali, Minatitlán/Coatzacoalcos, Monterrey, Morelia, Nuevo Laredo, Oaxaca, Poza Rica, Puerto Vallarta, Reynosa, Saltillo, San José del Cabo, San Luis Potosí, Tampico, Tapachula, Tijuana, Torreón/Gómez Palacio, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Veracruz, Villahermosa, Zacatecas2 South
Air CanadaToronto-Pearson, Vancouver1-F1
Air FranceParis-Charles de Gaulle1-F1
AirTran Airways
operated by Southwest Airlines 		Orange County, San Antonio (all end November 1, 2014)1-F3
Alaska AirlinesLos Angeles1-F1
American AirlinesChicago-O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Miami1-F3
AviancaBogotá, Lima, San José de Costa Rica, San Salvador1-F3
British AirwaysLondon-Heathrow1-F3
Copa AirlinesPanama City2 North
Copa Airlines ColombiaBogotá2 North
Cubana de AviaciónHavana1-F3
Delta Air LinesAtlanta, Detroit, New York-JFK, Salt Lake City (resumes December 20, 2014)[26]2 North
IberiaMadrid1-F3
InterjetAcapulco, Aguascalientes, Campeche, Cancún, Chetumal, Chihuahua, Ciudad del Carmen, Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Obregón, Cozumel, Culiacán, Guadalajara, Hermosillo, Huatulco, Ixtapa/Zihuatanejo, La Paz, León/El Bajío, Manzanillo, Mazatlán, Mérida, Minatitlán/Coatzacoalcos, Monterrey, Oaxaca, Palenque, Puerto Escondido, Puerto Vallarta, Reynosa, San José del Cabo, San Luis Potosí, Tampico, Tijuana, Torreón/Gómez Palacio, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Veracruz, Villahermosa, Zacatecas1-B
InterjetBogotá, Guatemala City, Havana, Miami, New York-JFK, San Antonio, San José de Costa Rica1-F2
KLMAmsterdam1-F1
LAN AirlinesSantiago de Chile2 North
LAN PerúLima2 North
LufthansaFrankfurt, Munich1-F1
MagnichartersCancún, Huatulco, Ixtapa/Zihuatanejo, Mérida, Puerto Vallarta, San José del Cabo1-D
Southwest Airlines Orange County, San Antonio (all begin November 2, 2014)[27]1-F3
TAM AirlinesSão Paulo-Guarulhos1-F2
United AirlinesChicago-O'Hare, Denver, Houston-Intercontinental, Los Angeles, Newark, San Francisco, Washington-Dulles1-F1
United Express
operated by ExpressJet Airlines		Houston-Intercontinental1-F1
US AirwaysCharlotte, Phoenix1-F3
VivaAerobusCancún, Ciudad Juárez (resumes September 29, 2014), Guadalajara, Mazatlán, Monterrey, Puerto Escondido, Reynosa, Torreón/Gómez Palacio
Summer seasonal: Puerto Vallarta, San José del Cabo		1-D1
VolarisAcapulco (begins October 26, 2014),[28] Cancún, Chihuahua, Ciudad Juárez, Culiacán, Guadalajara, Hermosillo, Huatulco (begins November 2, 2014),[28] La Paz, Mazatlán, Mérida, Mexicali, Monterrey, Oaxaca, Puerto Vallarta, San José del Cabo, Tijuana, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Veracruz (begins October 26, 2014),[28] Villahermosa
Seasonal: Los Mochis, Tampico (begins September 8, 2014)[28]		1-D
VolarisChicago-O'Hare, Denver, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Orlando, San Diego
Seasonal: Oakland		1-F1

Notes
  • ^1 Aeromar has remote positions, just north of Terminal 2.

Other services.

In addition to the scheduled airlines above, Mexico City airport is used by some further airlines for chartered flights including:

Countries served by flights from Benito Juárez Airport.

Cargo airlines

Cargolux Boeing 74F landing at the airport.
ABX Air Boeing 76F parked at Cargo facilities.
Aerounión Airbus 300B4-203F on final approach at Benito Juárez airport.

As of April 2014, Mexico City airport is served by 16 cargo airlines flying directly to Europe, Central, North and South America, Middle East and East Asia. Over 376,000 metric tonnes pass through the airport in 2013, making it the third busiest by cargo traffic in Latin America, after El Dorado International Airport in Bogotá and Guarulhos International Airport in São Paulo. Most passenger airlines, such as AeroMéxico and KLM use the airport to carry hold cargo on passenger flights, though most cargo is transported by all-cargo airlines. The following airlines operate the following scheduled destinations.

AirlinesDestinations
ABX AirCincinnati/Northern Kentucky, Guadalajara, Los Angeles
AeroUnion Chicago-O'Hare, Guadalajara, León/El Bajío, Los Angeles, Monterrey
Air France CargoAtlanta, Guadalajara, Houston-Intercontinental, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Porto, Zaragoza
Amerijet International Miami
Atlas AirHuntsville
Avianca Cargo Bogotá
CargoluxDallas/Fort Worth, Houston-Intercontinental, Los Angeles, Luxembourg, New York-JFK
Cargolux Italia
operated by Cargolux		Milan-Malpensa
Cathay Pacific CargoAnchorage, Guadalajara, Hong Kong, Los Angeles[29]
Centurion Air CargoSeasonal: Guadalajara, Los Angeles, Miami
DHL de GuatemalaSeasonal: Guatemala City
Emirates SkyCargoCopenhagen, Dallas/Fort Worth, Dubai-Al Maktoum, Frankfurt, Houston-Intercontinental, Tripoli, Zaragoza[30]
Estafeta Air CargoSan Luis Potosí, Villahermosa
Seasonal: Mérida
IAG Cargo Madrid
Lufthansa CargoChicago O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Frankfurt, Guadalajara, New York-JFK
MasAir Bogotá, Buenos Aires-Ezeiza, Campinas-Viracopos, Caracas, Guadalajara, Guayaquil, Lima, Los Angeles, Manaus, Medellín-Córdova, Mérida, Miami, Quito, Santiago de Chile
Qatar Airways CargoAtlanta, Doha, Houston-Intercontinental, Liège, Luxembourg[31]
UPS AirlinesLouisville

Airlines providing on-demand cargo services

Traffic statistics

In 2013, Benito Juárez was the busiest airport in Latin America by aircraft movements with 20.87% more operations than El Dorado International Airport in Bogotá[32] and 38.14% more than Guarulhos Airport in São Paulo.[33] For the 12-month period ending July 31, 2014, the airport had 403,864 aircraft operations, an average of 1,106 operations per day.

Cargo [metric tons]
Year Domestic % change International % change Total % change
2014
(Jan. - July) 		38,111.98 Increase 8.46 185,717.48 Increase 2.59 223,829.46 Increase 3.55
2013 63,678.54 Decrease 19.05 312,911.31 Decrease 1.71 376,589.85 Decrease 5.15
2012 78,666.10 Decrease 4.01 318,351.98 Decrease 3.38 397,018.08 Decrease 3.51
2011 81,953.37 Decrease 3.41 329,502.22 Increase 6.90 411,455.59 Increase 4.68
2010 84,846.88 Increase 1.01 308,228.992 Increase 29.98 393,075.87 Increase 22.40
2009 83,999.43 Decrease 13.47 237,134.01 Decrease 15.01 321,133.44 Decrease 14.61
2008 97,070.08 - 279,025.63 - 376,095.71 -

1990 onwards

Mexico City Airport passengers totals 1990–2013 (millions)
Updated: May 31, 2014.

Busiest routes

Busiest domestic routes (YE June 2014)[35]
Rank
Airport
Passengers
Rank change
% Change YoY
Carriers
1 Cancún, Quintana Roo 3,377,642 Steady Increase 5.03 Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet, Magni, VivaAerobus, Volaris
2 Monterrey, Nuevo León 2,558,571 Steady Increase 7.34 Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet, VivaAerobus, Volaris
3 Guadalajara, Jalisco 2,293,553 Steady Increase 6.90 Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet, VivaAerobus, Volaris
4 Tijuana, Baja California 1,272,495 Steady Increase 9.16 Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet, Volaris
5 Mérida, Yucatán 1,102,460 Steady Increase 12.65 Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet, Magni, Volaris
6 Villahermosa, Tabasco 739,655 Steady Increase 6.78 Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet
7 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas 707,458 Steady Increase 8.83 Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet, Volaris
8 Hermosillo, Sonora 576,540 Steady Decrease 1.16 Aeroméxico, Interjet, Volaris
9 Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco 564,434 Increase 1 Increase 13.47 Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet, Magni, VivaAerobus
10 Chihuahua, Chihuahua 530,284 Decrease 1 Increase 0.46 Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet, Volaris
11 Veracruz, Veracruz 524,823 Steady Increase 11.13 Aeromar, Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet
12 Culiacán, Sinaloa 464,157 Steady Increase 10.02 Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet, Volaris
13 Los Cabos, Baja California Sur 439,256 Steady Increase 4.58 Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet, Magni, VivaAerobus, Volaris
14 Tampico, Tamaulipas 404,026 Steady Increase 0.37 Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet
15 Acapulco, Guerrero 388,585 Increase 3 Increase 23.54 Aeromar, Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet
16 Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua 380,637 Increase 1 Increase 7.81 Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet, Volaris
17 Bahías de Huatulco, Oaxaca 378,424 Decrease 2 Decrease 0.68 Aeromar, Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet, Magni
18 Oaxaca, Oaxaca 378,082 Decrease 2 Increase 6.74 Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet, Volaris
19 Torreón/Gómez Palacio, Coahuila 374,937 Steady Increase 20.84 Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet, VivaAerobus
20 Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche 329,805 Steady Increase 14.75 Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet
21 Mazatlán, Sinaloa 319,838 Increase 3 Increase 31.20 Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet, VivaAerobus, Volaris
22 Reynosa, Tamaulipas 314,082 Increase 1 Increase 24.28 Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, VivaAerobus
23 Mexicali, Baja California 277,991 Decrease 2 Decrease 0.59 Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, Volaris
24 La Paz, Baja California Sur 268,715 Decrease 1 Increase 2.86 Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet, Volaris
25 León/El Bajío, Guanajuato 266,662 Steady Increase 15.37 Aeroméxico Connect
26 Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 249,026 Increase 1 Increase 38.62 Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet
27 Ixtapa/Zihuatanejo, Guerrero 213,688 Decrease 1 Increase 4.18 Aeromar, Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet, Magni
28 Minatitlán/Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz 211,303 Increase 1 Increase 54.47 Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet
29 Campeche, Campeche 188,624 Increase 1 Increase 40.94 Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet
30 Durango, Durango 168,534 Decrease 2 Increase 10.31 Aeromar, Aeroméxico Connect
Busiest international routes (YE June 2014)[35]
Rank
City or Metropolitan Area (Airports)
Passengers
Rank change
% change
YoY
Carriers
1 Los Angeles (LAX) & (Orange County), USA 940,997 Steady Increase 10.60 Aeroméxico, AirTran Airways, Alaska Airlines, United Airlines, Volaris
2 New York (JFK) & (Newark), USA Note 2 738,029 Increase 1 Increase 7.34 Aeroméxico, Delta Air Lines, Interjet, United Airlines
3 Miami, USA 701,213 Decrease 1 Decrease 2.72 Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, American Airlines, Interjet
4 Houston (Intercontinental), USA 671,702 Steady Increase 12.24 Aeroméxico, Aeroméxico Connect, ExpressJet Airlines, United Airlines
5 Bogotá, Colombia 542,116 Increase3 Increase 34.47 Aeroméxico, Avianca, Copa Airlines Colombia, Interjet
6 Madrid, Spain 507,291 Steady Increase 8.38 Aeroméxico, Iberia
7 Dallas/Fort Worth, USA 506,372 Decrease 2 Increase 6.87 Aeroméxico Connect, American Airlines
8 Chicago (O'Hare), USA 430,916 Increase 1 Increase 18.85 Aeroméxico, American Airlines, United Airlines, Volaris
9 Atlanta, USA 428,111 Increase 1 Increase 20.11 Delta Air Lines
10 Paris (Charles de Gaulle), France 412,856 Decrease 3 Decrease 3.12 Aeroméxico, Air France
11 Lima, Peru 378,985 Increase 2 Increase 16.08 Aeroméxico, Avianca Peru, LAN Perú
12 Panama City, Panama 372,364 Decrease 1 Increase 6.25 Copa Airlines
13 San Francisco (SFO) & (Oakland), USA 324,925 Increase 1 Increase 34.43 Aeroméxico, United Airlines
14 São Paulo (Guarulhos), Brazil 322,026 Increase 1 Increase 16.05 Aeroméxico, TAM Airlines
15 San Antonio, USA 309,896 Decrease 3 Decrease 7.74 Aeroméxico Connect, AirTran Airways, Interjet
16 Las Vegas, USA 308,271 Decrease 2 Increase 5.61 Aeroméxico, Volaris
17 Havana, Cuba 254,310 Increase 2 Increase 9.15 Aeroméxico, Cubana de Aviación, Interjet
18 Frankfurt, Germany 236,932 Increase 1 Increase 9.60 Lufthansa
19 San José, Costa Rica 235,067 Decrease 3 Decrease 5.84 Aeroméxico, Avianca Costa Rica, Interjet
20 Guatemala City, Guatemala 231,031 Steady Steady Aeroméxico Connect, Interjet
21 Amsterdam, Netherlands 191,905 Increase 1 Increase 3.65 KLM
22 Santiago, Chile 190,234 Decrease 1 Increase 0.98 Aeroméxico, LAN Airlines
23 Orlando, USA 181,385 Steady Increase 18.20 Aeroméxico, Volaris
24 London (Heathrow), United Kingdom 179,028 Increase 2 Increase 32.19 Aeroméxico, British Airways
25 Buenos Aires (Ezeiza), Argentina 149,491 Steady Increase 3.82 Aeroméxico
26 Phoenix, USA 147,869 Decrease 2 Decrease 2.15 US Airways
27 San Salvador, El Salvador 140,303 Increase 2 Increase 22.72 Aeroméxico Connect, Avianca El Salvador
28 Washington (Dulles), USA 139,382 Steady Increase 7.31 Aeroméxico, United Airlines
29 Toronto (Pearson), Canada 136,025 Decrease 2 Increase 2.13 Air Canada
30 Detroit, USA 106,664 Steady Increase 46.95 Delta Air Lines

Notes
  • ^2 Official statistics include JFK and Newark airports.

Inter-terminal transportation

Mexico City airport inter-terminal transit with Terminal 2 in background.

Terminal 1 is connected to Terminal 2 by the Aerotrén monorail system in which only connecting passengers with hand baggage are allowed to use with their boarding pass. Technical and cabin crew can also use it. Normal operation hours are from 5:00 am to 11:00 pm, every day of the year, and the first run always begins from T2 to T1; the last run of the day is to T2. The distance between the terminals is 3 km (1.9 mi). and the Airtrain's speed is 45 km/h (28 mph). The Airtrain journey, once the doors are fully closed therefore takes approximately 4 minutes and 40 seconds between stations in both directions. Also, if you arrive as a train is leaving the maximum waiting period for the next train is 11 minutes. Also there is a land service between terminals called "inter-terminal transportation". These buses are located at entrance no. 6 of Terminal 1 and entrance no. 4 of Terminal 2.

Airport lounges

  • Terminal 1 (AeroMéxico Salón Premier Internacional, American Airlines Admiral's Club, American Express Lounge, Centurion Club, Despegar.com Lounge, HQ VIP Lounge, HSBC Lounge, Iberia VIP Lounge (Iberia/British Airways), Televisa VIP Lounge, United Club [United Airlines].)
  • Terminal 2 (Club Diamante [Aeromar], Salón Premier, Salón Premier Internacional and Riedel Wine Room [AeroMéxico], Travel Pass Elite Lounge [Banamex/CitiBank] and Centurion American Express Lounge.)

Ground transportation

Metro and bus services

Terminal 1 is served by the Terminal Aérea Metro station, which belongs to Line 5 of the subway, running from Pantitlán station to Politécnico station. It is located just outside the national terminal. Also, trolley bus line G runs from the bus stop next to the Metro to Boulevard Puerto Aéreo station 1.7 km (1.1 mi) away, allowing transfer to Metro Line 1 (one can also take line 5 to Pantitlán and change to line 1, which is a geographical detour). Terminal 2 does not have any Metro station, but is a 700 m (2,300 ft) walk from Pantitlán served by Metro lines 1, 5, 9, A and numerous local buses.

Terminals 1 and 2 have two land terminals operating 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. Different bus lines operate from here [1], and provide continuous transportation services to the main cities located around Mexico City, such as Córdoba, Cuernavaca, Pachuca, Puebla, Querétaro, Tlaxcala and Toluca. The Terminal 1 land terminal is located in front of the international area vehicular ramp and its facilities include various services for the comfort of the passengers. Among others, it offers VIP lounges, internet, resting, reading and meeting halls. The Terminal 2 land terminal is located at gate D, between entrance 4 and the national arrival passenger exit, and its facilities include resting halls and a fast food area.

Metrobús

In late 2010, former Head of Government of the Federal District Marcelo Ebrard announced a plan to build a new Metrobús Line 4 that would run from near Buenavista Station in the west of the city towards Mexico City airport. Construction on Line 4 started on July 4, 2011. The plans for Line 4 include a two step construction process with the first 28 km (17 mi) operational segment to be built between Buenavista and Metro San Lázaro. An extension provides travel between San Lázaro and the airport. The line opened on April 1, 2012.

Service Destinations [departing from the airport] Operator
Metro San Lázaro, TAPO bus station, Historic Centre, Metro Buenavista, Buenavista Station Metrobús, a government-owned corporation.

Authorized taxis

Taxis are in operation in Terminals 1 and 2 and there are two models of service: Ordinary service in a sedan type vehicle for 4 passengers. Executive service in 8 passengers vans. At present there are 5 taxi groups in operation. These are the only taxis authorized by the Ministry of Communications and Transport (SCT) of the Federal Government. The Terminal 1 taxi boarding areas are located at entrances 1 and 10; and in Terminal 2, boarding areas are located at entrances 3 and 4. Taxi rates are registered under the SCT and include passenger insurance, civil liability and medical expenses for all occupants. To receive the taxi service you must purchase the corresponding ticket previously at the authorized sale points located within the airport. These taxis tend to be more expensive than others.

Car Rental

  • Europcar
  • Executive Car Rental
  • Fox Rent a Car

Parking

T1 National parking lot is located on Av. Capitán Carlos León in front of entrances 1 and 2 of the terminal building, in the national arrivals zone. It has the capacity of 1,971 vehicles which are permanently monitored by a modern security and surveillance system, by way of closed circuit TV cameras. T1 International parking lot is located on Av. Capitán Carlos León in front of the international area of the terminal building, on one side of the long-distance bus terminal. It has a capacity of 2,106 vehicles. An additional parking option for Terminal 1 airport users is Parking Lot 06, located on Sonora street in front of the taxi rank. Because of its location, it is a useful alternative for those visiting the airport customs, loading area, customs agencies and some airline offices. The new AICM Terminal 2 parking lot is located on one side of the Terminal's great central patio. It has the capacity of 2,437 vehicles.

Accidents and incidents

  • On 10 April 1968, Douglas R4D-3 XA-GEV of Aerovías Rojas crashed on approach, killing all eighteen people on board. The aircraft was operating a domestic scheduled passenger flight, which was the airline's inaugural flight from Aguascalientes International Airport to Mexico City.[37]
  • On October 31, 1979, Western Airlines Flight 2605 crash-landed. The crew of the DC-10 had landed on the wrong runway and the jetliner hit construction vehicles that were on the closed runway. There were 73 fatalities (including one on the ground) and 16 survivors.[38][39]
  • On 12 December 1981, a bomb exploded inside the passenger cabin of a parked Aeronica Boeing 727-100(registered YN-BXW) at Mexico City International Airport, tearing a hole into the fuselage. The captain, two flight attendants and a ground worker were injured. They had been on board the aircraft for pre-departure checks for a scheduled passenger flight to San Salvador and onwards to Managua Augusto C. Sandino International Airport.[40]
  • An Aero California DC-9-15 overran on July 21, 2004, during an intense storm at the airport. There were no victims, but the aircraft was scrapped. However, a woman died later due to a heart attack.[41]
  • On November 4, 2008 an official Mexican Interior Ministry LearJet 45 crashed on approach around 18:45 local time. On board were Mexican Secretary of the Interior Juan Camilo Mouriño, who was top aide to President Felipe Calderón. Mouriño was in charge of the fight against the drug trade in Mexico. Also on board was José Luis Santiago Vasconcelos, former assistant attorney general and current head of the federal technical secretariat for implementing the recent constitutional reforms on criminal justice and public security. All eight on board perished along with eight others on the ground. 40 others on the ground were injured. The crash was attributed to the pilot error.[42]
  • On September 9, 2009, hijacked Aeroméxico Flight 576 landed at Mexico City International Airport from Cancún International Airport.[43]
  • On September 13, 2009, Lufthansa Cargo McDonnell-Douglas MD-11 D-ALCO was damaged in a heavy landing. Post landing inspection revealed that there were wrinkles in the fuselage skin and the nose gear was bent.[44] According to a Lufthansa spokesman, the aircraft will be repaired and returned into full service.[45]
  • On June 25, 2012, two federal police officers who were stationed at the airport opened fire at colleagues who were surrounding them and were about to arrest them after an investigation showed they were involved in drug trafficking offenses. Two federal police officers were killed at the scene and a third officer died later at a local hospital. The suspects were able to flee the scene, but their identities are known. Operations at the airport were not affected.[46]
  • On October 29, 2012, an Interjet Flight 2953 made an emergency landing at San Antonio International Airport after suffering engine sputtering problems, caused by a bird strike. The plane had been scheduled to land in Mexico City but had to return to the airport around 10 a.m. The plane landed safely, and there were no fatalities.[47][48][49]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Benito Juárez International airport - Economic and social impacts". Ecquants. Retrieved September 7, 2013.
  2. ^ Template:WAD
  3. ^ Airport information for MEX at Great Circle Mapper. Source: DAFIF (effective October 2006).
  4. ^ a b c d "Airport official website". AICM.
  5. ^ "ASA's airport network (In Spanish)". ASA. July 2014. Retrieved July 28, 2014.
  6. ^ "New Mexico City International Airport (In Spanish)". Presidency of the Republic. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
  7. ^ "Mexico unveils Norman Foster design for new international airport". The Guardian. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
  8. ^ "Mexican-americans in aviation online exhibition". San Diego Air & Space Museum. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
  9. ^ "Conquistador of the Sky: A History of Aviation in Latin America". Project MUSE. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
  10. ^ "One more year of Mexico City International Airport (In Spanish)". Contenido. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
  11. ^ "Breve Historia del Aeropuerto Internacional de la Ciudad de México", Mexico City International Airport
  12. ^ Obras, Issues 241-246, Grupo Editorial Expansión, 1993
  13. ^ "A New Airport for Mexico City", MEXDF Magazine
  14. ^ Historic photo at FlyAPM site
  15. ^ "New Mexico City International Airport". CAPA Centre for Aviation. Archived 2014-09-06 at the Wayback Machine
  16. ^ Gomez, Veronica; Stargardter, Gabriel (September 4, 2014). "UPDATE 1-Mexico eyes foreign builder, local partners for $9 bln airport". Reuters. Archived 2014-09-05 at the Wayback Machine
  17. ^ Uphoff, Rainer (September 4, 2014). "Mexico to open new mega airport in 2018". Flightglobal. Madrid. Archived 2014-09-05 at the Wayback Machine
  18. ^ "Ready for landing: Mexico City airport expansion could make it one of largest in world", Christian Science Monitor, 2014-09-03
  19. ^ Luhnow, David (September 2, 2014). "Mexico Plans New $9.2 Billion Airport". The Wall Street Journal. (subscription required)
  20. ^ "Mexico City's New Mega-Airport Will Collect Its Own Energy and Water", Gizmodo, 2014-09-03
  21. ^ "ASA's address". Aeropuertos y Servicios Auxiliares. Retrieved September 6, 2014.
  22. ^ "Directory: World Airlines." Flight International. March 16–22, 2004. 50. "Hangar 7, Zona "D", Terminal de Aviacion General, Col Federal, Mexico DF, 15620, Mexico"
  23. ^ "Aeromar headquartes and Customer Service Center". Aeromar. Retrieved September 6, 2014.
  24. ^ "Guarulhos airport statistics by international passengers" (PDF). Guarulhos International Airport. Retrieved September 6, 2014.
  25. ^ "Cancun airport statistics by international passengers". Aeropuertos del Sureste. Retrieved September 6, 2014.
  26. ^ "Delta launches new service from Salt Lake City to Mexico City". Delta Air Lines. August 21, 2014. Retrieved August 21, 2014.
  27. ^ "Southwest Airlines international services". Southwest Airlines. Retrieved September 5, 2014.
  28. ^ a b c d "Volaris route map". Volaris. Retrieved September 5, 2014.
  29. ^ "Cathay Pacific expands presence in Latin America with new freighter service to Mexico City". Cathay Pacific. Retrieved September 5, 2014.
  30. ^ "Emirates SkyCargo launches freighter service to Mexico City and Atlanta". Emirates SkyCargo. Retrieved September 5, 2014.
  31. ^ "Qatar Airways Cargo to launch dedicated service to Mexico". Qatar Airways. Retrieved September 5, 2014.
  32. ^ "Bogota airport statistics". Bogota International Airport. Retrieved September 5, 2014.
  33. ^ "Guarulhos airport statistics". Guarulhos International Airport. Retrieved September 5, 2014.
  34. ^ "Statistics Mexico City Airport". Mexico City International Airport. Retrieved January 25, 2010.
  35. ^ a b "Air carrier operational statistics". Secretariat of Communications and Transportation (Mexico). Retrieved September 5, 2014.
  36. ^ "Air carrier operational statistics". Secretariat of Communications and Transportation (Mexico). Retrieved September 5, 2014.
  37. ^ "XA-GEV Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved July 24, 2011.
  38. ^ "WA2605 Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved September 4, 2014.
  39. ^ "Flight WA2605 crash photo". Air Disaster. Retrieved September 4, 2014.
  40. ^ "Commercial airline bombing history". Aerospaceweb. Retrieved September 6, 2014.
  41. ^ "XA-BCS Accident description (in Spanish)". La Jornada. Retrieved September 4, 2014.
  42. ^ "Plane crash kills Mexico's deputy leader". Time. Retrieved September 4, 2014.
  43. ^ "Bolivian man acted alone in Mexico hijacking". CNN. Retrieved September 4, 2014.
  44. ^ "Accident: Lufthansa Cargo MD11 at Mexico City on Sep 13th 2009, hard landing". The Aviation Herald. Retrieved October 11, 2009.
  45. ^ "Lufthansa Cargo wird D-ALCO in Stand setzen". aero.de/Aviation Media & IT. Retrieved October 24, 2009.Template:De icon
  46. ^ "Rogue police officers kill 3 colleagues at Mexico City airport". BNO News. June 26, 2012. Retrieved June 26, 2012.
  47. ^ "Passengers Stranded After Bird Strikes Plane's Engine". October 29, 2012. Retrieved October 29, 2012.
  48. ^ "FlightAware ✈ Live Flight Tracker ✈ Interjet (4O) #2953 ✈ 28-Oct-2012 ✈ KSAT - MMMX / MEX Flight Tracker". Retrieved October 29, 2012.
  49. ^ Ley, Ana (October 29, 2012). "Plane makes emergency landing in S.A." Retrieved October 29, 2012.
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