Mirza Adeeb

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Mirza Adeeb
A portrait of Mirza Adeeb
A portrait of Mirza Adeeb
Native name
میرزا ادیب (Urdu)
BornMirza Dilawer
(1914-04-04)4 April 1914
Lahore, Punjab, British India
(now Pakistan)
Died31 July 1999(1999-07-31) (aged 85)
Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
Pen nameMeerza Adeeb
OccupationDramatist or Playwright, Short story writer
LanguagePunjabi, Urdu
NationalityBritish Indian
(1914–1947)
Pakistani
(1947–1999)
CitizenshipPakistani
EducationB.A. (Hon.)
Alma mater
PeriodModern Era (Post-World War II)
GenreDrama, short story
SubjectVerisimilitude, Realism and Romanticism
Literary movementProgressive Movement
Romanticist Movement
Notable worksPas-i Pardah (1967), Caccā Coṉc
Notable awards
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Mirza Adeeb, PP, BA (Hon), (Urdu: مرزا ادیب—Mirzā Adīb; 4 April 1914 – 31 July 1999[1][2][3]), also known as Meerza Adeeb, (میرزا ادیب—Mīrzā Adīb),[3] was a Pakistani Urdu writer of dramas and short stories.[4] His plays and short stories won him six prizes and awards from the Pakistan Writers' Guild.[1]

Name

Mirza Adeeb's birth name was Mirza Dilawer Ali,[5][6] but he came to be known in the literary world as Mirza Adeeb. (Mirza denotes the rank of a high nobleman or Prince,[Note 1] and Adeeb means 'Litterateur'.)

Early life

He was born in 1914, in Lahore, British India to Mirza Basheer Ali.[7][1] He attended Government Islamia High School, Bhati Gate, Lahore. He got his Bachelor of Arts degree from Islamia College, Lahore. He initially focused on poetry, then devoted himself to playwriting.[1][5]

Career

Plays

At first, being influenced from the Rūmānwī Tẹḥrīk, (رومانوی تحریک—Error: {{language with name/for}}: missing language tag or language name (help)), he wrote romantic prose.[8]

Later, he switched to writing plays about everyday events and incidents taking place in the society; focusing more on social problems and quotidian issues. His later works were pragmatist and verisimilitudinous.[6] He used simple and everyday language in his plays, which enabled them to get a greater audience. Moreover, he had begun writing one-act dramas, which made them easier to broadcast over radio and television.[9] When he affiliated himself with Radio Pakistan, many of his plays were broadcast and they gained popularity among the masses.[10] He is listed as a prominent Urdu playwright of the Modern Era.[9]

Other works

His main works, other than dramas, include stories and biographies.[9] He also wrote critical essays and commentaries on books, besides writing columns in newspapers. He was also influenced by the Taraqqī-Pasasnd Tẹḥrīk (ترقّی-پسند تحریک—Error: {{language with name/for}}: missing language tag or language name (help)).[9] He was also the editor of magazines, of which the most notable is Adab-e Laṭīf, (ادبِ لطیف—Error: {{language with name/for}}: missing language tag or language name (help)). He also translated some American stories to Urdu.[9] Furthermore, he wrote numerous stories for children.

Style

Following are the main features of Mirza Adeeb's style of writing:[9]

  • Objectivity: His plays had a strong sense of objectivity in them.
  • Riveting dialogues: The dialogues he chose were grounded, yet captivating. Each character spoke according to his/her social status and his dramas did not contain artificial, literary dialogues. His dialogues also contained witty repartees and striking replies.
  • Versatility: His story lines include a variety of topics, taken from the prosaic lives on common people.
  • Pragmatism: Rather than focusing on characterisation, as did many of his contemporaries, he focused more on events.
  • Humanitarianism: His plays and stories have a humanitarian and philanthropic outlook.

Works

  • His selective drama-collections are:
  • Āⁿsū aur Sitārē (آنسو اور ستارے, Error: {{language with name/for}}: missing language tag or language name (help)),[5]
  • Lahū aur Qālīn (لہو اور قالین, Error: {{language with name/for}}: missing language tag or language name (help)),[5]
  • Šīšē kī Dīwār (شیشے کی دیوار, Error: {{language with name/for}}: missing language tag or language name (help)),[5][11]
  • Sutūn' (ستون, Error: {{language with name/for}}: missing language tag or language name (help)),[5][12]
  • Faṣīl-e Šab' (فصیلِ شب, Error: {{language with name/for}}: missing language tag or language name (help)),[1]
  • m'Pas-e Pardah (پسِ پرده, Error: {{language with name/for}}: missing language tag or language name (help), 1967),[1][6]
  • Xāk Našīn' (خاک نشین, Error: {{language with name/for}}: missing language tag or language name (help))[8] and
  • Šīšah Mērē Saŋg (شیشہ میرے سنگ, Error: {{language with name/for}}: missing language tag or language name (help)).[5]
  • His selective short-story collections are:[9]
  • Jaŋgal (جنگل, Error: {{language with name/for}}: missing language tag or language name (help)),
  • Dīwārēⁿ (دیواریں, Error: {{language with name/for}}: missing language tag or language name (help)),
  • Kambal (کمبل, Error: {{language with name/for}}: missing language tag or language name (help)),
  • Sharfoo Ki Kahani (شروف کی کہانی, Error: {{language with name/for}}: missing language tag or language name (help)),
  • Wo Larki Kon Thi (وہ لڑکی کون تھی, Error: {{language with name/for}}: missing language tag or language name (help)).
  • His collection of personal biographies is 'Nāxun kā Qarź (ناخن کا قرض, Error: {{language with name/for}}: missing language tag or language name (help)).[1]
  • Miṫṫī kā Diyā (مٹّی کا دیا, Error: {{language with name/for}}: missing language tag or language name (help)) is his autobiography.[1][6][13]

Awards

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The derivation of which word is from Emir (Amīr—Error: {{language with name/for}}: missing language tag or language name (help)) and Zādah—Error: {{language with name/for}}: missing language tag or language name (help).

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Aqeel Abbas Jafari (2010). Pakistan Chronicle (in Urdu) (1st ed.). 94/1, 26th St., Ph. 6, D.H.A., Karachi: Virsa Publications. p. 842. ISBN 9789699454004.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  2. ^ "Fāt̴imah Bint-e ʿAbdullāh". Urdū (lāzmī), barā-yi jamāʿat dahum. 21, E2, Gulberg III, Lahore: Punjab Textbook Board. 2009. p. 51.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  3. ^ a b "Apnā Apnā Rāg". Sarmāya-eh Urdū (dōm). Islamabad: National Book Foundation. 2011. p. 70.
  4. ^ "Literary Necrology 2001 (Bibliography)". World Literature Today. 22 March 2002. Archived from the original on 11 October 2013. Retrieved 15 September 2013. – via HighBeam Research (subscription required)
  5. ^ a b c d e f g "Apnā Apnā Rāg". Ā'īna-eh Urdū (lāzmī). 40, Urdu Bazaar, Lahore: Khalid Book Depot. 2006. p. 124.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  6. ^ a b c d "Fāṭimah Bint-e ʿAbdullah". Ā'īna-eh Urdū lāzmī (dōm). 40, Urdu Bazaar, Lahore: Khalid Book Depot. 2006. pp. 173–174.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  7. ^ Mirza Adeeb on pakistan360degrees.com website Retrieved 10 August 2019
  8. ^ a b "Apnā Apnā Rāg". Sarmāya-eh Urdū (lāzmī). Kabir St., Urdu Bazaar, Lahore: Ilmi Kitab Khana. 2008. p. 122.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h "Mirzā Adīb kē Fan par Tabṣirah". Muṣannifīn peh Tabṣirah. Karachi: Adamjee Centre. 2010. pp. 10–11.
  10. ^ a b Mirzā Adīb. Karachi: NCR Institute. 2010. p. 5.
  11. ^ "Šīšē kī Dīwār by Mirza Adeeb – Urdu Book online". UrduPoint.com website. 16 November 2007. Retrieved 10 August 2019.
  12. ^ Mirza Adeeb. Sutūn. GoogleBooks. Retrieved 10 August 2019.
  13. ^ Mirza Adeeb (1981). Miṫṫī kā Diyā. Retrieved 10 August 2019. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)
  14. ^ Mirza Adeeb profile on urduyouthforum.org website Retrieved 10 August 2019
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