Jump to content

Bill Gates: Difference between revisions

Edit links
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
rm sprotect
m i corrected a spelling mistake
Line 65: Line 65:


==Early life==
==Early life==
William Henry Gates III was born in [[Seattle]], [[Washington]], to [[William H. Gates, Sr.|William H. Gates, Jr.]] and [[Mary Maxwell Gates]]. His family was wealthy; his father was a prominent lawyer, his mother served on the board of directors for First Interstate Bank and the [[United Way of America|United Way]], and her father, J. W. Maxwell, was a [[National bank#United States|national bank]] president. Gates has one older sister, Kristi (Kristianne), and one younger sister, Libby. He was the fourth of his name in his family, but was known as William Gates III or "[[Trey]]" because his father had dropped his own "III" suffix.<ref name="gatesmogul">{{cite book|
William Henry Gates III was born in [[Seattle]], [[Washington]], to [[William H. Gates, Sr.|William H. Gates, Jr.]] and [[Mary Maxwell Gates]]. His family was wealthy; his father was a prominent lawyer, his mother served on the board of directors for First Interstate Bank and the [[United Way of America|United Way]], and her father, J. W. Maxwell, was a [[National bank#United States|national bank]] president. Gates has one older sister, Kristi (Kristianne), and one younger sister, Libby. He was the fourth of his name in his family, but was known as William Gay's III or "[[Trey]]" because his father had dropped his own "III" suffix.<ref name="gatesmogul">{{cite book|
title =Gates: How Microsoft's Mogul Reinvented an Industry and Made Himself The Richest Man in America|
title =Gates: How Microsoft's Moguyear l Reinvented an Industry and Made Himself The Richest Man in America|
isbn = 978-0-385-42075-7|
isbn = 978-0-385-42075-7|
year =1993|
=1993|
publisher =Touchstone|
publisher =Touchstone|
last=Manes|
last=Manes|

Revision as of 10:57, 17 March 2008

For other people named Bill Gates, see Bill Gates (disambiguation).
William Henry Gates III
Born (1955-10-28) October 28, 1955 (age 68)
Seattle, Washington, U.S.
Occupation(s)Chairman, Microsoft
Co-Chair, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
SpouseMelinda Gates (1994-present)
ChildrenThree
WebsiteMicrosoft Corporation
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

William Henry Gates III (born 28 October 1955)[2] is an American entrepreneur, software executive, philanthropist, the world's third richest man (as of 2008) and chairman of Microsoft, the software company he founded with Paul Allen. During his career at Microsoft he has held the positions of CEO and chief software architect, and he remains the largest individual shareholder with more than 9 percent of the common stock.[3]

Gates is one of the best-known entrepreneurs of the personal computer revolution. Although he is admired by many,[4][5][6] a large number of industry insiders criticise his business tactics, which they consider anti-competitive, an opinion which has in some cases been upheld by the courts.[7][8] In the later stages of his career, Gates has pursued a number of philanthropic endeavors, donating large amounts of money to various charitable organizations and scientific research programs through the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, established in 2000.

The annual Forbes magazine's list of The World's Billionaires ranked Gates as the richest person in the world from 1995 to 2007; recent estimates of his net worth are in excess of US$58 billion.[1] When family wealth is considered, his family ranks second behind the Walton family, heirs of Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton.

Early life

William Henry Gates III was born in Seattle, Washington, to William H. Gates, Jr. and Mary Maxwell Gates. His family was wealthy; his father was a prominent lawyer, his mother served on the board of directors for First Interstate Bank and the United Way, and her father, J. W. Maxwell, was a national bank president. Gates has one older sister, Kristi (Kristianne), and one younger sister, Libby. He was the fourth of his name in his family, but was known as William Gay's III or "Trey" because his father had dropped his own "III" suffix.[9] Several writers claim that Maxwell set up a million-dollar trust fund for Gates.[10] A 1993 biographer who interviewed both Gates and his parents (among other sources) found no evidence of this and dismissed it as one of the "fictions" surrounding Gates's fortune.[9] Gates denied the trust fund story in a 1994 interview,[11] and indirectly in his 1995 book The Road Ahead.[12]

Gates excelled in elementary school, particularly in mathematics and the sciences. At thirteen he enrolled in the Lakeside School, Seattle's most exclusive preparatory school. When he was in the eighth grade, the school mothers used proceeds from Lakeside's rummage sale to buy an ASR-33 teletype terminal and a block of computer time on a General Electric computer.[9] Gates took an interest in programming the GE system in BASIC and was excused from math classes to pursue his interest. After the Mothers Club donation was exhausted he and other students sought time on other systems, including DEC PDP minicomputers. One of these systems was a PDP-10 belonging to Computer Center Corporation, which banned the Lakeside students for the summer after it caught them exploiting bugs in the operating system to obtain free computer time.

At the end of the ban, the Lakeside students, Gates, Paul Allen, Ric Weiland, and Kent Evans, offered to debug CCC's software in exchange for free computer time. Rather than use the system via teletype, Gates went to CCC's offices and studied source code for various programs that ran on the system, not only in BASIC but FORTRAN, LISP, and machine language as well. The arrangement with CCC continued until 1970, when it went out of business. The following year Information Sciences Inc. hired the Lakeside students to write a payroll program in COBOL, providing them not only computer time but royalties as well. At age 14, Gates also formed a venture with Allen, called Traf-O-Data, to make traffic counters based on the Intel 8008 processor. That first year he made US$20,000; however, when his age was discovered, business slowed.[13][14]

As a youth, Gates was active in the Boy Scouts of America where he achieved its second highest rank, Life Scout. Gates stated that he scored 1590 on his SATs.[15] He enrolled at Harvard College in the fall of 1973 intending to get a pre-law degree,[16] but did not have a definite study plan and eventually left without his degree.[17] While at Harvard, he met his future business partner, Steve Ballmer, whom he later appointed as CEO of Microsoft. At the same time, he co-authored and published a paper on algorithms with computer scientist Christos Papadimitriou.[18]

Microsoft

Main article: Microsoft

BASIC

After reading the January 1975 issue of Popular Electronics that demonstrated the Altair 8800, Gates contacted Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems (MITS), the creators of the new microcomputer, to inform them that he and others were working on a BASIC interpreter for the platform.[19] In reality, Gates and Allen did not have an Altair and had not written code for it; they merely wanted to gauge MITS's interest. MITS president Ed Roberts agreed to meet them for a demo, and over the course of a few weeks they developed an Altair emulator that ran on a minicomputer, and then the BASIC interpreter. The demonstration, held at MITS's offices in Albuquerque, was a success and resulted in a deal with MITS to distribute the interpreter as Altair BASIC. Paul Allen was hired into MITS,[20] and Gates took a leave of absence from Harvard to work with Allen at MITS, dubbing their partnership "Micro-soft" in November 1975.[20] Within a year, the hyphen was dropped, and on November 26, 1976, the tradename "Microsoft" was registered with the USPTO.[20]

Microsoft's BASIC was popular with computer hobbyists, but Gates discovered that a pre-market copy had leaked into the community and was being widely copied and distributed. In February 1976, Gates wrote an Open Letter to Hobbyists in the MITS newsletter saying that MITS could not continue to produce, distribute, and maintain high-quality software without payment.[21] This letter was unpopular with many computer hobbyists, but Gates persisted in his belief that software developers should be able to demand payment. Microsoft became independent of MITS in late 1976, and it continued to develop programming language software for various systems.

During Microsoft's early years, all employees had broad responsibility for the company's business. Gates oversaw the business details, but continued to write code as well. In the first five years, he personally reviewed every line of code the company shipped, and often rewrote parts of it as he saw fit.[22]

IBM partnership

In 1980 IBM approached Microsoft to make the BASIC interpreter for its upcoming personal computer, the IBM PC. When IBM's representatives mentioned that they needed an operating system, Gates referred them to Digital Research (DRI), makers of the widely used CP/M operating system.[23] IBM's discussions with Digital Research went poorly, and they did not reach a licensing agreement. IBM representative Jack Sams mentioned the licensing difficulties during a subsequent meeting with Gates and told him to get an acceptable operating system. A few weeks later Gates proposed using 86-DOS (QDOS), an operating system similar to CP/M and which Tim Paterson of Seattle Computer Products had made for hardware similar to the PC. Microsoft made a deal with SCP to become the exclusive licensing agent, and later the full owner, of 86-DOS. After adapting the operating system for the PC, Microsoft delivered it to IBM as PC-DOS in exchange for a one-time fee[24] Gates insisted that IBM let Microsoft keep the copyright on the operating system, because he believed that other hardware vendors would clone IBM's system.[25] They did, and the sales of MS-DOS made Microsoft a major player in the industry.[26]

Strategy and management

Bill Gates giving his deposition at Microsoft on August 27, 1998

From Microsoft's founding in 1975 until 2006, Gates had primary responsibility for Microsoft's product strategy. He aggressively broadened the company's range of products, and wherever Microsoft achieved a dominant position he vigorously defended it. Many decisions that led to antitrust litigation over Microsoft's business practices have had Gates' approval. In the 1998 United States v. Microsoft case, Gates gave deposition testimony that several journalists characterized as evasive. He argued with examiner David Boies over the definitions of words such as: compete, concerned, ask, and we.[27] BusinessWeek reported:

Early rounds of his deposition show him offering obfuscatory answers and saying 'I don't recall' so many times that even the presiding judge had to chuckle. Worse, many of the technology chief's denials and pleas of ignorance were directly refuted by prosecutors with snippets of e-mail Gates both sent and received.[28]

Gates later said that he had simply resisted attempts by Boies to mischaracterize his words and actions. As to his demeanor during the deposition, he said, "Whatever that penalty is should be levied against me: rudeness to Boies in the first degree."[29] Despite Gates' denials, the judge ruled that Microsoft had committed monopolization and tying, blocking competition, in violation of the Sherman Act.

As an executive, Gates met regularly with Microsoft's senior managers and program managers. Most firsthand accounts of these meetings portray him as hostile, berating managers for perceived holes in their business strategies or their proposals which place the company's long-term interests at risk.[11][30][31] He has been described shouting at length at employees before letting them continue, with such remarks as, "That's the stupidest thing I've ever heard!"[32] and, "Why don't you just give up your options and join the Peace Corps?"[33] However, he was also known to back down when the targets of his outbursts responded frankly and directly.[32] When subordinates appeared to be procrastinating, he was known to quip, "Do you want me to do it over the weekend?"[34][35]

In 2004, Gates told a group of 1,000 people gathered at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, that "We want to take everything that the programmer knows, and express those in as high a level as we can." Gates foresaw machine learning applied to the diagnosis of problems "in a system". "Machine learning techniques can build a model and then use it to see if things are unusual" and that this field of science "can block the abnormal components, preserving the system's integrity and security". "We can already beat the fastest typists of Chinese with a Chinese speech recognition system". Gates also announced a solution to email spam that week, saying that for example, according to the MIT newspaper, "If mail comes in from what the spam filter thinks is a stranger, some type of proof is required."[36]

Gates' role at Microsoft for most of its history was primarily a management and executive role. However, he was an active software developer in the early years, particularly on the company's programming language products. He has not officially been on a development team since working on the TRS-80 Model 100 line, but he wrote code as late as 1989 that shipped in the company's products.[34] On June 15, 2006, Gates announced that he would transition out of his day-to-day role over the next two years to dedicate more time to philanthropy. He divided his responsibilities between two successors, placing Ray Ozzie in charge of day-to-day management and Craig Mundie in charge of long-term product strategy.[37][38] One of his last initiatives before announcing his departure was the creation of a robotics software group at Microsoft.

Personal life

Bill Gates and Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva in Davos. January 26, 2003

Gates married Melinda French from Dallas, Texas on January 1, 1994. They have three children: Jennifer Katharine Gates (1996), Rory John Gates (1999) and Phoebe Adele Gates (2002). Bill Gates' house is a 21st century earth-sheltered home in the side of a hill overlooking Lake Washington in Medina, Washington. According to King County public records, as of 2006, the total assessed value of the property (land and house) is US$125 million, and the annual property tax is US$991,000. Also among Gates' private acquisitions is the Codex Leicester, a collection of writings by Leonardo da Vinci, which Gates bought for USD US$30.8 million at an auction in 1994.[39]

Gates' e-mail address has been widely publicized, and he received as many as 4,000,000 e-mails in 2004, most of which were spam.[40] He has said that much of this junk mail "offers to help [him] get out of debt or get rich quick", which "would be funny if it weren't so irritating".[41]

Wealth and investments

File:Bill Gates Master Chief.jpg
An actor dressed as the Master Chief stands with Gates at the Halo 3 launch.

Gates was number one on the "Forbes 400" list from 1993 through to 2007 and number one on Forbes list of "The World's Richest People" from 1995 to 2007. In 1999, Gates's wealth briefly surpassed US$101 billion causing him to be referred to in the media as a "centibillionaire".[42][43] Since 2000, the nominal value of his Microsoft holdings has declined due to a fall in Microsoft's stock price after the dot-com bubble and the multi-billion dollar donations he has made to his charitable foundations. In May 2006, Gates said in an interview that he wished that he were not the richest man in the world, stating that he disliked the attention it brought.[44]

Gates has several investments outside Microsoft, which in 2006 paid him a salary of US$616,667, and US$350,000 bonus totalling US$966,667.[45] He founded Corbis, a digital imaging company, in 1989. In 2004 he became a director of Berkshire Hathaway, the investment company headed by longtime friend Warren Buffett.[46] He is a client of Cascade Investment Group, a wealth management firm with diverse holdings.

Philanthropy

In 2000, Gates and his wife founded the charitable Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. The generosity and extensive philanthropy of David Rockefeller has been credited as a major influence. Gates and his father have met with Rockefeller several times and have modeled their giving in part on the Rockefeller family's philanthropic focus, namely those global problems that are ignored by governments and other organizations.[47]

The foundation's grants have provided funds for college scholarships for under-represented minorities, AIDS prevention, diseases prevalent in third world countries, and other causes. In 2000, the Gates Foundation endowed the University of Cambridge with US$210 million for the Gates Cambridge Scholarships. The Foundation has also pledged over US$7 billion to its various causes, including US$1 billion to the United Negro College Fund. According to a 2004 Forbes magazine article, Gates gave away over US$29 billion to charities from 2000 onwards. These donations are usually cited as sparking a substantial change in attitudes towards philanthropy among the very rich, with philanthropy becoming the norm.[48]

Transition

On June 16, 2006, Gates announced that he would move to a part-time role within Microsoft, leaving day-to-day operations management in July 2008 to begin a full-time career in philanthropy, but would remain as chairman.[37] Gates credited Warren Buffett with influencing his decision to commit himself to charitable causes.[49] Days later, Buffett announced that he would begin matching Gates' contributions to the Gates Foundation, up to US$1.5 billion per year in stock.[50] On June 25, 2006, Gates presented a copy of Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations to Warren Buffet after Buffet's announcement.

On January 24, 2008 Gates said the following at the world economic forum in Davos Switzerland "Adam Smith, the very father of capitalism and the author of “Wealth of Nations,” who believed strongly in the value of self-interest for society, opened his first book with the following lines: "How selfish soever man may be supposed, there are evidently some principles in his nature, which interest him in the fortunes of others, and render their happiness necessary to him, though he derives nothing from it, except the pleasure of seeing it."[51]

Gates spoke about a "creative" rather than an "unfettered" or laissez faire capitalism. "Creative capitalism takes this interest in the fortunes of others and ties it to our interest in our own fortunes in ways that help advance both. This hybrid engine of self-interest and concern for others can serve a much wider circle of people than can be reached by self-interest or caring alone."[51]

Awards and recognition

Time magazine named Gates one of the 100 people who most influenced the 20th century, as well as one of the 100 most influential people of 2004, 2005, and 2006. Time also collectively named Gates, his wife Melinda and U2's lead singer Bono as the 2005 Persons of the Year for their humanitarian efforts. In 2006, he was voted eighth in the list of "Heroes of our time".[52] Gates was listed in the Sunday Times power list in 1999, named CEO of the year by Chief Executive Officers magazine in 1994, ranked number one in the "Top 50 Cyber Elite" by Time in 1998, ranked number two in the Upside Elite 100 in 1999 and was included in The Guardian as one of the "Top 100 influential people in media" in 2001.

Gates has received several doctors honoris causa from several institutions including; Nyenrode Business Universiteit, Breukelen, The Netherlands in 2000,[53] the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden in 2002, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan in 2005, Harvard University in June 2007,[54][55] and from Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, in January 2008.[56] Gates was also made an honorary KBE (Knighthood) from Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom in 2005,[57] in addition to having entomologists name the Bill Gates flower fly, Eristalis gatesi, in his honor.[58]

Gates delivered the keynote address at the Fall COMDEX in 1983, 1985, 1988, 1990, 1994, and from 1996 to 2003.

The Gates' received the Prince of Asturias Award for International Cooperation on May 4, 2006, in recognition of their world impact through charity giving.[59] In November 2006, he and his wife were awarded the Order of the Aztec Eagle for their philanthropic work around the world in the areas of health and education, particularly in Mexico, and specifically in the program "Un país de lectores".[60]

In film

A 2002 film called Nothing So Strange uses a fictional assassination of Gates in Los Angeles as the backbone of the plot.[61] The 2001 thriller Antitrust has a character based on Gates. In the 1999 docudrama Pirates of Silicon Valley, Gates was portrayed by Anthony Michael Hall.

Musical

Lyricist-librettists Jordan Allen-Dutton and Erik Weiner, and composer Hal Goldberg have in development a stage musical with Gates and Steve Jobs as its subject. The work, titled Nerds://A Musical Software Satire, was given a private reading on 30 July 2007.[62]

References

  1. ^ a b "The World's Billionaires #3 William Gates III". Forbes.com. Forbes. 2008-03-05. Retrieved 2008-03-06. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  2. ^ "Bill Gates: Chairman, Microsoft Corp". Microsoft Corporation. 30 July 2007. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
  3. ^ "Microsoft 2007 Proxy Statement". Microsoft Corporation. 28 September 2007. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
  4. ^ Staff writer (2006-04-22). "Vietnam gives Gates star welcome". BBC News. Retrieved 2006-11-19.
  5. ^ Lam, Andrew (2005-04-24). "The fall and rise of Saigon: Vietnamese consumers make up for lost time". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 2007-06-22.
  6. ^ Baldauf, Scott (2002-11-14). "Gates, the biggest thing in India since the Beatles". Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 2006-11-19.
  7. ^ Shenk, David (1998-01-26). "Slamming Gates" (PDF). The New Republic. Retrieved 2006-12-28.
  8. ^ Findings of Fact. United States v. Microsoft (1998)
  9. ^ a b c Manes, Stephen. Gates: How Microsoft's Moguyear l Reinvented an Industry and Made Himself The Richest Man in America. Touchstone. ISBN 978-0-385-42075-7. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help); Unknown parameter |= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  10. ^ Wallace, James (1993). Hard Drive: Bill Gates and the Making of the Microsoft Empire. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-56886-5. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  11. ^ a b Bill Gates (08 December 1994). "The Bill Gates Interview" (Interview). Interviewed by Playboy. Retrieved 2008-02-18. {{cite interview}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Unknown parameter |program= ignored (help)
  12. ^ Stross, Randall E. (1997). The Microsoft Way. Perseus Books Group. ISBN 9780201327977.
  13. ^ Bill Gates (1993). (Interview). Interviewed by David Allison. {{cite interview}}: Missing or empty |title= (help); Unknown parameter |city= ignored (|location= suggested) (help)
  14. ^ Chposky, James (1989). Blue Magic: The People, the Power and the Politics Behind the IBM Personal Computer. Grafton. ISBN 9780246134453. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  15. ^ "The new—and improved?—SAT". The Week Magazine. Retrieved 2006-05-23.
  16. ^ ohn Mirick (29 September 1996). "William H. Gates: Before Microsoft". National Science Foundation. Retrieved 2008-02-18.
  17. ^ Bill Gates (2000-01-01). "Millennium 2000: Bill Gates Discusses Microsoft, Philanthropy and the Future of Computers" (Interview). Interviewed by Larry King. Retrieved 2008-02-19. {{cite interview}}: Unknown parameter |callsign= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |city= ignored (|location= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |program= ignored (help)
  18. ^ Gates, William (1979). "Bounds for sorting by prefix reversal". Discrete Math. 27: 47–57. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  19. ^ "Microsoft Visitor Center Student Information: Key Events in Microsoft History" (.DOC accessdate=2008-02-18). Microsoft. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Missing pipe in: |format= (help)
  20. ^ a b c "Microsoft history at the History of Computing Project". {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |accessmonthday= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  21. ^ Bill Gates, An Open Letter to Hobbyists, February 3, 1976
  22. ^ Gates, Bill (2005-10-13). Remarks by Bill Gates (Speech). Waterloo, Ontario. Retrieved 2006-12-11.
  23. ^ John Steele Gordon Michael Maiello (2002-12-23). "Pioneers Die Broke". Forbes. Retrieved 2006-07-05. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  24. ^ "MS DOS and PC DOS". Lexikon's History of Computing. Retrieved 2006-07-05.
  25. ^ Staff writer (2001-08-20). "Interview with Bill Gates". U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved 2007-09-12.
  26. ^ "Microsoft to Microsoft disk operating system (MS-DOS)". Smart Computing. March 2002. Retrieved 2006-07-05.
  27. ^ CNN, Gates deposition makes judge laugh in court, November 17, 1998
  28. ^ BusinessWeek, Microsoft's Teflon Bill, 11/30/98
  29. ^ Heilemann, John (2000-11). "The Truth, The Whole Truth, and Nothing But The Truth". Wired. Retrieved 2006-12-11. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  30. ^ Ballmer, Steve (October 9, 1997). "Steve Ballmer Speech Transcript - Church Hill Club". Microsoft PressPass. Microsoft. Retrieved 2006-05-16. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  31. ^ Drummond, Michael (1999). Renegades of the Empire. Crown. ISBN 978-0-609-60416-8.
  32. ^ a b Isaacson, Walter (13 January 1997). "The Gates Operating System". Time. Retrieved 2006-05-16.
  33. ^ David Bank (1 February 1999). "Breaking Windows". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 2006-05-16.
  34. ^ a b Gates, Bill (26 September 1997). Remarks by Bill Gates (Speech). San Diego, CA. Retrieved 2006-05-16.
  35. ^ Herbold, Robert J. (2002-01-01). "Inside Microsoft: Balancing Creativity and Discipline". Harvard Business Review. Retrieved 2006-05-16.
  36. ^ Daher, Waseem S. (27 February 2004). "Gates Speaks on Spam, Searching, Jobs". The Tech. 124 (8). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Retrieved 2007-12-18.
  37. ^ a b Microsoft PressPass (15 June 2006). "Microsoft Announces Plans for July 2008 Transition for Bill Gates". Microsoft PressPass.
  38. ^ Fried, Ina (2006-06-16). "Ozzie, Mundie pick up tech mantle at Microsoft". CNET News.com. Retrieved 2007-02-17.
  39. ^ Leonardo da Vinci | Renaissance Man
  40. ^ Wendland, Mike (2004-12-02). "Ballmer checks out my spam problem". Detroit Free Press. Retrieved 2007-07-13.
  41. ^ Gates, Bill (2003-06-23). "Why I Hate Spam". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 2006-11-19.
  42. ^ "Centibillionaire". Finance Advisor.
  43. ^ "Bill Gates - Founder of Microsoft". Lycos Canada Money.
  44. ^ Bolger, Joe (2006-05-05). "I wish I wasn't the richest man in the world, says Bill Gates". The Times. Retrieved 2006-11-19.
  45. ^ "Microsoft 2006 Proxy Statement". Microsoft Corporation. 06 October 2007. Retrieved 2008-02-14. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  46. ^ Fried, Ina (2004-12-14). "Gates joins board of Buffett's Berkshire Hathaway". CNET News.com. Retrieved 2006-11-19.
  47. ^ "2005 Annual Report" (.PDF). Rockefeller Brothers Fund. 2006. Retrieved 2008-02-14. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  48. ^ A 25 February, 2006 survey of philanthropy by The Economist noted, "The media, which used to take little notice of charitable donations, now eagerly rank the super-rich by their munificence..."
  49. ^ Carol J. Loomis (2006-06-25). "Warren Buffett Gives Away his Fortune". Fortune. Retrieved 2006-12-09.
  50. ^ Robert Smith (2006-06-26). "Buffett Gift Sends US$31 Billion to Gates Foundation". All Things Considered. National Public Radio. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  51. ^ a b Bill Gates, Chairman, Microsoft Corporation (24 January 2008). "A New Approach to Capitalism in the 21st century" (Transcript) (Speech, and interview). Interviewed by Klaus Schwab. Davos, Switzerland. Retrieved 2008-02-17.{{cite interview}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  52. ^ Jason Cowley (22 May 2006). "Heroes of our time - the top 50". New Statesman. Retrieved 2008-02-17.
  53. ^ "Eredoctoraat Universiteit Nyenrode voor Wim Kok" (Press release). Nyenrode Business Universiteit. 13 August 2003. Retrieved 2008-02-18.
  54. ^ Gina Hughes (8 Jun 2007). "Bill Gates Gets Degree After 30 Years". Yahoo! Tech. Retrieved 2008-02-18.
  55. ^ Bill Gates (7 Jun 2007). Harvard Commencement 2007 Afternoon Exercises (.MP3) (Video). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University. Event occurs at 01:50:20 - 02:18:45. Retrieved 2008-02-18.
  56. ^ Madeleine Svärd; Amina Manzoor (24 January 2008). "Bill Gates honoured with a doctor's cap". Karolinska Institutet. Retrieved 2008-02-18.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  57. ^ Staff writers (2 March 2005). "Knighthood for Microsoft's Gates". BBC News. Retrieved 2008-02-18.
  58. ^ F. Christian Thompson; Jennifer E. Fairman (19 August 1999). "Bill Gates' Flower Fly Eristalis gatesi Thompson". The Diptera Site. Retrieved 2008-02-18.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  59. ^ Bill and Melinda Gates named in Top 10 Persons of 2006, Retrieved May 9, 2006
  60. ^ http://diariooficial.segob.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=4936346 (Spanish) Diario Oficial de la Federación, Proclamation of the Award
  61. ^ "Nothing So Strange," IMDB
  62. ^ Kenneth Jones (25 July 2007). "Sean Hayes, Gregory Jbara, Chad Kimball, Darren Ritchie Are Nerds in L.A. Test of Musical". Playbill. Retrieved 2008-02-14.

Further reading

External links


Honorary titles
Preceded by World's Richest Person
1996-2007 		Succeeded by

Template:Persondata

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bill_Gates&oldid=198829996"