Toyota Dyna
| Toyota Dyna | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Toyota Hino Kuozui Motors |
| Also called | Daihatsu Delta Hino Dutro Toyota Toyoace Hino Ranger 2/3 Mahindra Loadking Zoom |
| Production | 1959–present |
| Assembly | Zhongli, Taiwan[1] Ovar, Portugal[2] Indonesia: Purwakarta |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Truck |
| Body style | Truck (standard cab, crew cab) |
| Related | Toyota Coaster |
| Powertrain | |
| Transmission | Aisin Seiki (manual) Aisin Seiki & Aisin AW (automatic) |
The Toyota Dyna is a medium-duty cab over truck for commercial use. In the Japanese market, the Dyna is sold alongside its twin called the Toyoace. The Toyoace was a renaming of the Toyopet SKB Truck as a result of a 1956 public competition with 200,000 entries.[3] "Dyna" is short for dynamic.[4]
The Dyna was originally available in Japan only at Toyota Diesel Store locations, then later available at Toyota Store locations, while the Toyoace twin was available at Toyopet Store locations. The Dyna was also sold as the Daihatsu Delta and the Hino Dutro.
In Japan, its traditional competitors are the Isuzu Elf, the Mitsubishi Fuso Canter and the Nissan Atlas.
The former Central Motors produced the Dyna Route Van from April 1957 to June 1967.[5]
Prehistory (U1) (1956–1959)
RK52
The Toyopet Route Truck RK52 was the contributing platform of the Dyna. A new Toyota Japanese dealership was established to sell the Toyopet Toyoace series SKB called Toyopet Store, which also introduced a sedan version of this platform called the Toyopet Master.
RK60 – RK80
Second generation of Toyopet Route Truck, Designed by Kanto Auto Works, Ltd. The frame was shared with the Toyopet Masterline RK23 pickup truck and the Toyota Stout.
Early Dyna K70 – K160 (1959–1963)
The Toyopet Route Truck was renamed as the Toyota Dyna in April 1959.
K170 (1963–1968)
The original semi-cab over Dyna was replaced by the new model K170 series in September 1963, with a leaner design with quadruple headlights. The Dyna RK170 also provided the basis for the RK170B Toyota Light Bus, and was built on the chassis of the Stout. It also had the Stout's 1.9-litre 80 PS (59 kW) 3R-B engine. The Isuzu Elf was introduced in a diesel version in 1960, a version which proved successful enough to relegate the Dyna to second place in sales. Even the new Dyna didn't restore the Dyna's lead, until in March 1964 the J-engined (2,336 cc, OHV) diesel-engined JK170 was added to the lineup. A long wheelbase 2.5 ton version with twinned rear wheels was also available (RK175), as was a route van (glazed minivan) version.[6]
U10 (1968–1977)
_2000_cab_chassis_(2009-08-29).jpg)
U10/RU1#/BU1#/JU10/HU15 and more
The Dyna platform was changed to the Toyota "U" platform after the merger of Hino Motors in 1966. The engines available for this series is either a 2.0-liter model 5R gasoline engine with 93 PS (68 kW),[7] a 3.0-liter inline-four B, or the inline-six 3.6-liter model H diesel. The H diesel produces 95 PS (70 kW) and was only available in the heavier duty three-tonne truck version, which has a top speed of 100 km/h (62 mph).[7] The B diesel offers 85 PS (63 kW).[8] The three-tonne Dyna was presented in August 1969.[9] Short (10-series) and long wheelbase trucks (15-series), as well as route vans (minibus) were available. Fitted with the 2-liter 5R engine of 95 bhp, the Dyna was marketed in many export markets such as Australia as well, with single or twinned rear wheels.[10]
The Toyota Coaster bus line had the same chassis and also used the U10-series chassis codes.[11] There was also one generation of the heavier Toyota Massy Dyna, which was first introduced in September 1969.
Daihatsu Delta
A rebodied version of this Dyna was also sold as the first-generation Daihatsu Delta 1500 or 2000, depending on the weight ratio. Chassis codes are SV17 for the 12R-engined Delta 1500, DV23 for the 5R petrol model (2000) and DV28 for the B-engined Delta 2000 diesel.[12] The Delta 2000 was also available with a 2.5-litre Daihatsu DG diesel engine; this carries the DV26 chassis code.[13] At least in Australia, there was also an 85 PS (63 kW) 1861 cc petrol inline-four available.[14]
U20 / Y20 Series
2 – 3 tonner
U20, U30, U40 & U50 Series (1977–1984)
The U20 is a four-wheel truck (this chassis code was also used for the Route Van), the U30 is a longer wheelbase version, while the heavier yet U40 and U50 have twin wheels and a wider cab. They mostly use Toyota's 3.0-liter B engine, a diesel inline-four. The 1994 cc 5R petrol engine was also available in some markets, producing 80 PS (59 kW).[15]
As with the previous Dyna, this model was also marketed as the Daihatsu Delta, although this one was the first to be sold with Hino badging - as the Ranger 2 or Ranger 3 depending on the weight rating in metric tons.
A version of this truck, with standard or crew cabs, entered production in China in 1983 as the Fuzhou FZ131.[16] The Dyna-based FZ131 was to become a mainstay of Fuzhou Automobile Works' production through the 1980s, being succeeded by the next generation Dynas (still using the FZ131 name).[16]
1 – 1.5 tonner
Y20 – 40 Series (1979–1985)
The new smaller Toyoace with Y20 chassis was launched in 1979, while the Dyna was still using the U-platform. This was the fourth-generation Toyoace in Japan. In certain export markets, the Toyoace was sold as Dyna, and offered as single and double cabin trucks.
Dyna Rino Y30 & Y40 Series (1984–2002)
In 1984, Toyota introduced the Dyna Rino in Indonesia. The light single rear wheel version was built on Y30 platform, and the twin rear wheel version was coded Y40. Early models have round headlights and 3.4-liter 3B and 13B engines. The facelift models with rectangular headlights, BU are powered by 3.7-liter 14B engines. The Indonesian market Dyna Rino remained in production until 2002.
Daihatsu Delta
This model was also sold as the Daihatsu Delta, in a range of 1.5 to 2.5 tonne payloads. The engines are Daihatsu's own 2-liter petrol and 2.5-liter diesel units.[17]
U60 / Y50 Series (1984-1994)
also available as a 4-door cab with ute tray in Australia
2 – 3.5 tonner
U60 – 90 Series (1984–1994) The first BU-series (Dyna 200/300/400, 1984–88) used quad round headlights. 1989 onwards models had quad rectangular headlights and one piece door glass with new interior door trim & other minor interior changes. All wide cab models had a centrally mounted roof vent and had 3 windscreen wipers. 3.4-litre 3B, 3.4-litre (direct injected) 13B and 3.7-litre 14B diesel engines with direct injection were used in the Dyna 200 and Dyna 300, a 5-speed gearbox was standard. The Dyna 300 was equipped with an exhaust brake. Front, ventilated twin piston disc brakes were optional on the first series wide cab Dyna 300. In Portugal, the 3B-engined Dyna 250 (BU84) was assembled locally.
1 – 1.5 tonner
Y50 & 60 Series (1985–1995) The lighter Dynas used smaller engines. Portugal's Salvador Caetano assembled the LY60 Dyna as the 150, using Toyota's 2L engine, a 2446 cc diesel inline-four.
U100 / Y100 Series (1995–2002)
Lowrider Cab
As with many other generations of the Dyna, this generation was also assembled in Ovar, Portugal, by Toyota's local partner Caetano for local sales.[18]
2 – 3.5 tonner
FB4 / 5 Series
KC-FB4J、5B
U100 – 200 Series
BU1##、BU2##
1 – 1.5 tonner
Y100 Series
YY1##
LY1## etc.
U300 – U400 Series (1999–2011) and Hino Dutro
.jpg)
Beginning in 2003, Portuguese-made Dynas entered the rest of the European market – hitherto they had only been for local consumption.[18]
2 – 3 tonner
U300 – U500 Series
1 – 1.5 tonner
Y200 Series
New for this generation is the Hino Dutro, as Toyota owns shares in Hino. In addition to the diesel engine, the Hybrid is also sold in Japan.
The Dyna and its twin Toyoace and Dutro were built on the U300 platform for Standard Cab, or U400 platform for the Wide Cab. The Dyna Route Van/Dutro Van are essentially standard Toyota HiAce van bodies mated with the Dyna/Dutro truck chassis.
Even though they were built on the U300 and U400 platforms, for marketing purpose these models still used the Dyna 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, and 350 names, indicating payload. The Dyna 100 is currently available with a 2494-cc D-4D common rail turbo diesel engine offering 88 PS (65 kW). The Dyna 150 is a chassis/cab version of the Dyna truck, with twin rear wheels, and an uprated 102 PS (75 kW) engine, shared with the Hilux and Hiace.
These vehicles have emission levels which meet the stringent Euro IV requirements which took effect in Europe in 2005, in Singapore in October 2006, and were applied in Japan from February 2007.
U600 and U800 series (2011–present)
_Dry_van.jpg)
In 2011, The Dyna was released as the U600 and U800 series based on the second-generation Hino Dutro.
In March 2015, Salvador Caetano announced the cessation of Dyna assembly in Portugal, as the truck did not meet the Euro 6 emissions standards and would not be marketable within the European Union. Instead, a V6 petrol version of the Land Cruiser entered assembly, intended for sales in Africa. 1664 Dynas were assembled in 2014, with 355 more scheduled for completion in 2015 before the switch was complete.[19]
See also
References
- ^ "國瑞汽車股份有限公司 KUOZUI MOTORS, LTD". Kuozui.com.tw. Retrieved 2010-12-19.
- ^ "Grupo Salvador Caetano". Retrieved 2011-02-04.
- ^ Toyota: A history of the First 50 Years. Toyota Motor Corporation. 1988. pp. 136–137. ISBN 0-517-61777-3.
- ^ "Massy Dyna: Name origin". 75 years of Toyota: Vehicle Lineage. Toyota Motor Co. Retrieved 2013-01-16.
- ^ "Affiliates (Toyota wholly-owned subsidiaries)-Toyota Motor East Japan, Inc". Toyota Motor Corporation. 2012. Retrieved 2014-07-21.
- ^ 品質と価格で奉仕するトヨタ [Quality and value at your service, from Toyota] (brochure) (in Japanese), Japan: Toyota, 1966, p. 7
- ^ a b Toyota Commercial Cars (Catalog), Toyota, 1969, p. 9
- ^ 愛される車づくり。トヨタはあすにいどみます。 [Lovable car manufacture. Toyota dares to defy tomorrow.] (catalog) (in Japanese), Toyota Motor Co., 1972, p. 6
- ^ "'69 商業車: ニューモデル" ['69 commercial vehicles: New models]. 月刊自動車 [The Motor Monthly] (in Japanese). 11 (8): 122. August 1969. 3439.
- ^ Toyota Dyna 2-tonner (brochure), Australia: Toyota Motor Co., Ltd., 1965, p. 3
- ^ Toyota Catalog (1972), p. 8
- ^ 自動車ガイドブック [Automobile Guide Book 1976/1977] (in Japanese), vol. 23, Japan: Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association, 1976-10-20, p. 212, 0053-760023-3400
- ^ Automobile Guide Book 1976/1977, p. 268
- ^ Brown, Robin, ed. (13 July 1971). "Daihatsu will return to car field". The Canberra Times. p. 13. Retrieved 18 January 2015.
- ^ Rohrbach, Hans U., ed. (1982), Internationaler Nutzfahrzeug-Katalog (Inufa) 1982 [International Commercial Vehicle Catalog] (in German), vol. 24, Solothurn, Switzerland: Vogt-Schild AG, pp. 114–115
- ^ a b Faulkner, Sam (2018-02-06). "Chinese Car Brands That Time Forgot: Fuzhou Automobile Works and Forta". China Car History. Archived from the original on 2018-02-06.
{{cite web}}:|archive-date=/|archive-url=timestamp mismatch; 2018-02-21 suggested (help) - ^ Wright, Cedric, ed. (August 1978). "World Cars 1978". CAR (South Africa). Vol. 22, no. 7. Ramsay, Son & Parker (Pty) ltd. p. 20.
- ^ a b Soares de Oliveira, Paolo (2003-04-07). "Toyota ships Portugal's Dyna to rest of Europe". Automotive News. Crain Communications.
- ^ Machado Magalhães, António (2015-03-09). "Salvador Caetano troca produção da Dyna por Land Cruiser" [Salvador Caetano switches production from Dyna to Land Cruiser]. Auto Monitor (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2019-09-07.
External links
- Toyota Dyna 200 global site
- The first Toyota Dyna Advertisement (in Indonesian)
