COVID-19 pandemic in Bulgaria: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 18:39, 19 April 2020
| 2020 coronavirus pandemic in Bulgaria | |
|---|---|
 0 confirmed 1–9 confirmed 10–49 confirmed 50–99 confirmed 100+ confirmed | |
| Disease | COVID-19 |
| Virus strain | SARS-CoV-2 |
| First outbreak | Wuhan, Hubei, China (globally) |
| Index case | Pleven, Gabrovo |
| Arrival date | 8 March 2020 |
| Confirmed cases | 894 |
| Active cases | 691 |
| Recovered | 161 |
Deaths | 42 |
| Government website | |
| Bulgarian Ministry of Health Coronavirus.bg | |
The 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic was confirmed to have spread to Bulgaria when the country's first case was confirmed on 8 March 2020, a 27-year-old man from Pleven and a 75-year-old woman from Gabrovo. Neither of the two had traveled to areas with known coronavirus cases. The man tested positive for the virus after being hospitalized for a respiratory infection, and authorities announced plans to test several people who were in contact with the two individuals.[2] Two other samples in Pleven and Gabrovo were positive on 8 March.[3] Patient zero remains unknown.[4]
After the number of patients in the country had reached 23, the Bulgarian Parliament voted unanimously to declare a state of emergency from 13 March until 13 April.[5] A 14-day preventive house quarantine was introduced for citizens who have been in contact with a COVID-19 patient or have returned from an overseas region with a high number of cases. For patients tested positive for the virus a 21-day house quarantine was introduced. This time span is counted from the day a subsequent test comes out negative after they have been treated in a hospital or at home. After the World Health Organization (WHO) has established that COVID-19 is more resilient than the initial data was showing, the National Crisis-management Staff increased the recovery house quarantine by a week to 28 days.[6] With the continuing increase of COVID-19 cases on a daily basis, on 1 April the Bulgarian government requested that Parliament extends the state of emergency by one month until 13 May.
As of 18 April 2020, there are 884 officially confirmed cases in 26 out of 28 Bulgarian provinces, with 41 recorded deaths and 141 recoveries. A total of 26,417 (3,35% positive) tests had been performed by 18 April.
Background
A National Crisis-management Staff was formed by the Bulgarian government on 5 March to deal with the coronavirus pandemic.[7] The Government has appointed Major General Professor Doctor Ventsislav Mutafchiyski as the Chairman of the Staff. MG Prof. Dr. Mutafchiyski is the Director of the Military Medical Academy and the most senior medical officer of the Bulgarian Armed Forces. The MMA combines the military medical services of the country in their entirety with several hospitals in the capital Sofia and around the country. At the same time it is one of the country's leading medical institutions and possesses large medical treatment capacity and know-how. The Staff fulfills a direct operational role in the management of the crisis and its decisions are implemented through executive orders of Bulgaria's Prime Minister and the country's Minister of Health.
On 23 March a separate Medical Council for dealing with the coronavirus pandemic was appointed by the Prime Minister. The Council is chaired by Professor Kosta Kostov, a leading pulmonary disease expert. The Council's mission is to provide the government with complementary analysis and action proposals and the general public with professional guidance and information. Unlike the National Crisis-management Staff, which is a formal national institution with executive power and tasks, the Council has mostly a knowledge-based advisory role.[8] On 4 April the Medical Council dispersed having achieved its purpose, according to its Chairman.[9]
Timeline
March
8 March
On 8 March 2020 Bulgaria confirmed its first two cases, a 27-year-old man from Pleven and a 75-year-old woman from Gabrovo. Neither of the two reported having traveled to areas with known coronavirus cases. The man tested positive for the virus after being hospitalized for a respiratory infection, and authorities announced plans to test several people who were in contact with the two individuals.[2] Two other samples in Pleven and Gabrovo were found positive on 8 March.[3] Patient zero remains unknown.[4]
On the same day, the hospital in Gabrovo requested additional personnel from other hospitals in the country, as it only had three communicable diseases specialists. All of its internal medicine specialists have been quarantined after one of the four initial cases was confirmed to be a nurse at the hospital.[10] The government issued a nationwide ban on closed-door public events.[11] The origin of the outbreak remains unknown, and the Ministry of Interior is tracking down all individuals who have been in contact with the patients.[12] As of 8 March, 254 suspected cases were under quarantine across the country.[13]
10 March
Two additional cases were confirmed in Sofia on 10 March 2020: a 74-year-old man and his 66-year-old wife. Both have arrived from Lom two weeks prior to admission.[14][15] The woman died on the next day, becoming the first COVID-19 victim in the country.[16]
11 March
A suspected case of a 33-year-old man was reported by the Saint George Hospital in Plovdiv on 11 March.[17] The same day, a 40-year-old woman in Varna showed COVID-19 symptoms on CT scan, although regional health authorities have not yet confirmed the case.[18]
12 March
By 12 March, the number of cases had increased to 23, most of them in Sofia. Many of these had been in contact with the elderly couple admitted to the Pirogov Hospital on 10 March.
13 March
On 13 March, after 16 reported cases in one day, Bulgaria declared a state of emergency for one month until 13 April. Schools, shopping centres, cinemas, restaurants, and other places of business were closed. All sports events were suspended. Only supermarkets, food markets, pharmacies, banks and gas stations remain open.[19] Additionally, all arrivals from Italy, Spain, Iran, South Korea and China were placed under a mandatory 14-day quarantine.[20] There were 13 breaches of quarantine; patients involved were returned to treatment facilities and warned of repercussions, including fines and prison sentences.[21]
14 March
On 14 March, a second death and a third case in Pleven were reported. The second victim of the virus was the 74-year old husband of the first victim.[22][23] Late in the evening on 31 March a Member of Parliament was tested positive for the virus. All MPs were urgently tested on the following day. If some of them are also tested positive, the Parliament will be adjourned. Options for the MPs to continue their legislative work (including voting) online from home under isolation are being explored.[24]
15 March
The number of confirmed cases in Bulgaria rose to 51 on 15 March. A total of 83 tests were done at the Military Medical Academy, of which six were positive, and 51 were processed at the National Reference Laboratory, of which two were positive. In Varna, one test out of 12 samples proved positive.
16 March
The Ministry of Health announced that citizens from a number of countries would be prohibited from entering Bulgaria starting 00:00 on 18 March. These are China, Iran, Bangladesh, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Spain, Italy, South Korea, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Additionally, sanitary control units will be established on some border crossings with Serbia, North Macedonia, Greece and Romania.[25] The number of total cases rose to 62, including two British citizens vacationing in Bansko.
17 March
81 cases were reported, several linked to an outbreak in Bansko. None of the patients were in critical condition.[26]
18 March
The total number of cases increased to 94 by 18 March, with new cases appearing in Smolyan, Veliko Tarnovo and Pernik among recent arrivals from outside the country. The previous day, Bansko became the first town in the country to be put under quarantine.[27][28]
19 March
On 19 March the cases rose to 105 and an 80-year-old woman, who recently had a stroke, died from COVID-19 on the same day, making her the third victim from the disease in Bulgaria. Elsewhere, a 78-year-old Bulgarian citizen died from COVID-19 while visiting family in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The woman, a choir conductor in Sofia, was uninsured and refused to seek medical attention.[29]
20 March
The total number of cases increased to 127 and the first recovery occurred.
21 March
The number of cases increased to 142 by noon, and three patients had recovered. Two cities, Dobrich and Shumen, confirmed their first cases, the latter related to the Bansko cluster. There are 84 male and 58 female patients, the youngest being 4 years old, and the oldest 81 years old. More than 5,000 tests had been carried out, and an additional 10,000 tests would be made available at short notice.[30]
24 March
The cases increased to 218 and the first case in Stara Zagora province was confirmed. A man from the town of Kazanlak was admitted in the Infectious unit in the hospital in Stara Zagora. He is believed to be 60 years old and returned from France on the 14th of March.[31]
25 March
The number of cases increased to 242 by the end of the day, with the city of Sliven reporting its first confirmed case. 16 new cases with no relation between them were registered in Sofia, with some being medical staff from a local hospital. Two new cases were confirmed in Blagoevgrad, two in Plovdiv and one in Pleven. Two of the patients who were in critical condition were stabilized but remain "in stable but severe condition". One recovered completely, bringing the number of total recoveries to 5.
26 March
A total of 22 new cases were reported, bringing the overall number to 264. The coronavirus was registered for the first time in Kardzhali and Haskovo. 15 of the newly confirmed cases were in Sofia, 2 in Smolyan, one in Pleven, one in Veliko Tarnovo and one in Varna. Two people were admitted to hospital in critical condition, while three new patients recovered, bringing the number of recovered to 8. Two soldiers were confirmed to be infected - one was stationed in Kosovo and was immediately brought back to Sofia, and the other contracted the virus in Romania, where he was hospitalised. The national quarantine was extended by an additional two weeks and is now expected to finish on April 12.
27 March
29 new cases were registered, with the total number reaching 293. From these, 17 were in Sofia, 5 in Plovdiv, 3 in Burgas, and one each in Varna, Kyustendil, Sliven and Pazardzhik. At least 93 people remained hospitalized, with 53 in Sofia alone.
28 March
The total number of cases reached 331, an increase of 38 from the previous day. The new cases included 19 in Sofia, 5 in Blagoevgrad, 4 in Burgas, 3 in Varna, 2 each in Kardzhali, Plovdiv and Shumen, and 1 in Smolyan. Four new deaths were also reported, with two occurring in Blagoevgrad and one each in Kyustendil and Sofia.[32] The cases in Blagoevgrad, a mother and her daughter, were initially refused admission to the local hospital despite visible symptoms and had to request testing at a private lab; by the time the results came out as positive, the patients' condition had deteriorated significantly. They were eventually admitted and sent to intensive care, but both died shortly after.[33]
29 March
A total of 15 new cases were reported, with 8 in Sofia, 3 in Plovdiv, and one each in Kardzhali, Sliven, Smolyan and Varna. Three new recoveries were also announced, while the number of deaths rose to 8 after a 51-year-old woman died in the Blagoevgrad hospital, one day after her mother had succumbed to the virus. The Ministry of Health announced that 125 out of 324 active cases remain hospitalized, with 13 of those in serious condition. The total number of tests performed exceeded 7,000, with 276 done on 29 March alone.[34]
30 March
Thirteen new cases were reported, with seven in Sofia and one each in Blagoevgrad, Kardzhali, Montana, Pleven, Plovdiv and Sliven, for a total of 359 cases. 113 patients remained hospitalized, with 13 in serious condition. Around 56% of all those infected so far were male versus 44% female, with a median age of 45. The total number of recoveries rose to 17.[35]
31 March
The total number of confirmed infections increased by 40 to 399, and the first two cases were reported from the province of Silistra. 20 of the new cases were registered in Sofia, four each in Burgas and Kyustendil, three each in Plovdiv and Varna, two in Silistra, and one each in Kardzhali, Pernik, Shumen and Stara Zagora. The number of hospitalized patients increased to 146, with 14 in serious condition, while 20 medical workers were announced to have contracted the disease so far. No new deaths or recoveries were announced. From the total of 399 confirmed cases, just under 57% (227) were male, versus 43% (172) who were female.[36]
April
1 April
The province of Ruse reported its first case as part of 23 new infections across the country, bringing the total to 422. In addition to Ruse, 10 new cases were reported in Sofia, two each in Blagoevgrad, Burgas, Dobrich and Plovdiv, and one each in Haskovo, Kardzhali, Sliven and Stara Zagora. Two deaths were registered - a 57-year-old man in Kyustendil and a 40-year-old man in Sofia.[37] Hassan Ademov from the Movement for Rights and Freedoms became the first Bulgarian member of parliament to contract the virus, forcing the announcement of a mass test on 2 April that would cover government staff and all 240 MPs.[38]
2 April
The total number of infections increased by 35 to 457, with the first case being reported from the province of Vidin. The new cases included 20 in Sofia, four in Smolyan, three in Varna, two in Dobrich, and one each in Blagoevgrad, Montana, Pazardzhik, Plovdiv, Veliko Tarnovo and Vidin. No new deaths were reported, while the number of recoveries reached 25. 179 patients were currently hospitalized, with 18 in intensive care.[39] A further two MPs were among the new cases, both from the ruling GERB party, including their parliamentary group speaker Daniela Daritkova.[40]
3 April
The National Assembly approved the government's proposal to extend the state of emergency by one month until 13 May.[41] The confirmed case count reached 487, after 28 new infections were registered - 18 in Sofia, two each in Plovdiv and Smolyan, and one each in Blagoevgrad, Burgas, Kardzhali, Kyustendil, Veliko Tarnovo and Vidin. Four deaths were also announced, with one occurring late on the previous evening in Stara Zagora.[42] Male patients continued to account for just under 57% of all cases (versus 43% female), with a median age of 47.[43]
5 April
The Ministry of Health announced that the total number of COVID-19 tests had reached 15,899, with 8 laboratories performing the procedure across the country.[44]
14 April
The village of Panicherovo in Stara Zagora Province was placed under quarantine, after a COVID–19 positive man escaped from a hospital where he was being treated and returned to the village.[45]
15 April
The Ministry of Interior established checkpoints limiting movement in and out of the predominantly Roma-populated Sofia neighborhoods of Filipovtsi and Fakulteta.[46] The neighborhoods were categorized as COVID-19 clusters by the National Crisis Management center.
16 April
In a late night emergency joint press conference of the Minister of Interior, the Minister of Health, and the Chairman of the National Crisis Management center, it was announced that entering and exiting Sofia would be severely limited until further notice following increased traffic out of the city before the Easter holidays.[47]
Statistics
Cases
 | Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
(as of 16 April)
| Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
| Day | New cases | Total cases | Total deaths | Total recoveries | Total active | Tested[48] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8 March 2020 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 99 |
| 9 March 2020 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 158 |
| 10 March 2020 | 2 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 199 |
| 11 March 2020 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 231 |
| 12 March 2020 | 16 | 23 | 1 | 0 | 22 | 99 |
| 13 March 2020 | 8 | 31 | 1 | 0 | 30 | ? |
| 14 March 2020 | 10 | 41 | 2 | 0 | 39 | 183 |
| 15 March 2020 | 10 | 51 | 2 | 0 | 49 | ? |
| 16 March 2020 | 11 | 62 | 2 | 0 | 60 | 240 |
| 17 March 2020 | 19 | 81 | 2 | 0 | 79 | ? |
| 18 March 2020 | 13 | 94 | 2 | 0 | 92 | 332 |
| 19 March 2020 | 18 | 112 | 3 | 0 | 109 | ? |
| 20 March 2020 | 15 | 127 | 3 | 1 | 123 | 129 |
| 21 March 2020 | 36 | 163 | 3 | 3 | 157 | ? |
| 22 March 2020 | 24 | 187 | 3 | 3 | 181 | ? |
| 23 March 2020 | 14 | 201 | 3 | 3 | 195 | ? |
| 24 March 2020 | 17 | 218 | 3 | 3 | 212 | ? |
| 25 March 2020 | 24 | 242 | 3 | 4 | 235 | 350 |
| 26 March 2020 | 22 | 264 | 3 | 8 | 253 | 276[a] |
| 27 March 2020 | 29 | 293 | 3 | 9 | 281 | ? |
| 28 March 2020 | 38 | 331 | 7 | 11 | 313 | ? |
| 29 March 2020 | 15 | 346 | 8 | 14 | 324 | 276[b] |
| 30 March 2020 | 13 | 359 | 8 | 17 | 334 | ? |
| 31 March 2020 | 40 | 399 | 8 | 17 | 374 | ? |
| 1 April 2020 | 23 | 422 | 9 | 20 | 392 | 566 |
| 2 April 2020 | 35 | 457 | 10 | 25 | 421 | 390 |
| 3 April 2020 | 28 | 485 | 14 | 30 | 440 | 350 |
| 4 April 2020 | 18 | 503 | 17 | 34 | 451 | 400 |
| 5 April 2020 | 28 | 531 | 20 | 37 | 474 | 252[c] |
| 6 April 2020 | 18 | 549 | 22 | 39 | 488 | 299 |
| 7 April 2020 | 28 | 577 | 23 | 42 | 512 | 496 |
| 8 April 2020 | 16 | 593 | 24 | 42 | 527 | 498[49] |
| 9 April 2020 | 25 | 618 | 24 | 48 | 545 | 494[50] |
| 10 April 2020 | 17 | 635 | 25 | 54 | 555 | ? [51] |
| 11 April 2020 | 26 | 661 | 28 | 62 | 571 | 376 [52] |
| 12 April 2020 | 14 | 675 | 29 | 68 | 577 | 219 [53] |
| 13 April 2020 | 10 | 685 | 32 | 71 | 582 | ? |
| 14 April 2020 | 28 | 713 | 35 | 81 | 597 | ? |
| 15 April 2020 | 34 | 747 | 36 | 105 | 606 | ? |
| 16 April 2020 | 53 | 800 | 38 | 122 | 640 | ? |
| 17 April 2020 | 46 | 846 | 41 | 141 | 664 | ? |
| 18 April 2020 | 32 | 878 | 41 | 153 | 684 | ? |
| 19 April 2020 | 16 | 894 | 42 | 161 | 691 | 500 |
New cases per day
| Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
New cases per week
Active cases per day
| Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Total number of cases
| Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Tests per day
| Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
0 = No data
By province
| Date | Province | Confirmed cases | Deaths | Recoveries | Active cases | S | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BLA | BUR | VAR | VTA | VID | VRA | GAB | DOB | KAR | KYU | LOV | MON | PAZ | PER | PLE | PLO | RAZ | RUS | SIL | SLI | SMO | SOF | SOF-P | STZ | TAR | HAS | SHU | YAM | New | Total | New | Total | New | Total | Total | ||
| 2020 | 10291 | 11263 | 15136 | 4427 | 1519 | 4351 | 4105 | 3526 | 1841 | 4473 | 2264 | 3042 | 5287 | 3687 | 5469 | 18791 | 2135 | 7267 | 2410 | 5107 | 2061 | 54185 | 5698 | 8996 | 2196 | 3922 | 4246 | 3525 | 201220 | 7515 | 118335 | 75370 | [55] | |||
| 2021 | 22689 | 34076 | 41991 | 14872 | 5648 | 13554 | 8759 | 10518 | 5365 | 10495 | 8643 | 10500 | 14758 | 11593 | 16180 | 47585 | 5620 | 16925 | 7408 | 12342 | 6084 | 123582 | 20196 | 23755 | 6083 | 14477 | 11146 | 8377 | 543078 | 23375 | 493494 | 101579 | [56] | |||
| January 2022 | 12812 | 12511 | 15111 | 3347 | 1896 | 3539 | 2933 | 2784 | 1173 | 3279 | 2637 | 2732 | 5250 | 4094 | 4748 | 10236 | 1105 | 4591 | 1682 | 4601 | 2605 | 15513 | 7989 | 9468 | 1102 | 4125 | 2195 | 2141 | 197516 | 2270 | 57505 | 239320[e] | [57] | |||
| February 2022 | 3589 | 10573 | 17141 | 3704 | 1190 | 3853 | 2256 | 3144 | 1167 | 1913 | 2280 | 2254 | 3603 | 2335 | 4865 | 11663 | 1407 | 3650 | 2213 | 3452 | 1465 | 8412 | 5023 | 7761 | 2074 | 3758 | 3227 | 2310 | 146706 | 2322 | 165010 | 218694[f] | [58] | |||
| March 2022 | 458 | 3796 | 5937 | 1576 | 561 | 935 | 604 | 1385 | 292 | 350 | 692 | 707 | 614 | 699 | 1413 | 3759 | 558 | 1272 | 1254 | 910 | 380 | 12825 | 1426 | 2091 | 743 | 1229 | 1713 | 1081 | 49260 | 1030 | 83032 | 183892[g] | [59] | |||
| April 2022 | 301 | 802 | 1020 | 442 | 284 | 422 | 310 | 398 | 178 | 262 | 387 | 318 | 387 | 382 | 437 | 1265 | 179 | 465 | 396 | 445 | 177 | 6441 | 664 | 738 | 189 | 535 | 431 | 431 | 18686 | 399 | 60728 | 141451[h] | [60] | |||
| 1 May | 5 | 26 | 12 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 8 | — | 1 | 5 | 6 | — | 11 | 4 | 5 | 16 | 1 | 7 | 5 | 4 | — | 107 | 14 | 5 | — | 1 | 6 | 4 | 263 | 1156729 | 2 | 36913 | 41 | 978145 | 141671 | [61] |
| 2 May | 7 | 6 | 11 | 9 | 4 | 3 | 6 | 7 | 1 | 3 | — | 1 | 4 | 8 | 9 | 15 | 5 | 8 | 1 | 9 | 3 | 92 | 11 | 9 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 242 | 1156971 | 5 | 36918 | 149 | 978294 | 141759 | [62] |
| 3 May | 9 | 4 | 10 | 7 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 2 | — | 1 | 5 | 12 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 15 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 83 | 14 | 13 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 228 | 1157199 | 2 | 36920 | 239 | 978533 | 141746 | [63] |
| 4 May | 19 | 55 | 23 | 12 | 19 | 16 | 17 | 9 | 3 | 22 | 20 | 8 | 22 | 11 | 15 | 60 | 1 | 14 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 221 | 40 | 39 | 1 | 12 | 12 | 19 | 720 | 1157919 | 27 | 36947 | 4881 | 983414 | 137558 | [64] |
| 5 May | 19 | 23 | 17 | 14 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 5 | 6 | 15 | 11 | 8 | 14 | 9 | 1 | 33 | 4 | 6 | 12 | 9 | 3 | 134 | 23 | 13 | 3 | 15 | 5 | 13 | 435 | 1158354 | 6 | 36953 | 3578 | 986992 | 134409 | [65] |
| 6 May | 14 | 21 | 19 | 8 | 10 | 9 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 9 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 6 | 6 | 34 | 2 | 16 | 3 | 10 | 3 | 168 | 18 | 15 | 3 | 11 | 8 | 3 | 439 | 1158793 | 12 | 36965 | 1922 | 988914 | 132914 | [66] |
| 7 May | 6 | 14 | 11 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | 1 | 6 | 3 | 6 | 9 | — | 3 | 5 | 1 | — | 61 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 | — | 156 | 1158949 | — | 36965 | 115 | 989029 | 132955 | [67] |
| 8 May | 5 | 4 | 10 | 6 | — | 2 | 2 | — | 1 | 4 | — | 3 | 10 | 6 | 4 | 12 | — | 4 | 3 | 9 | 4 | 78 | 14 | 11 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 201 | 1159150 | 1 | 36966 | 205 | 989234 | 132950 | [68] |
| 9 May | 6 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 1 | — | 2 | — | 1 | 6 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 53 | 9 | 6 | — | 6 | 5 | 1 | 151 | 1159301 | 7 | 36973 | 138 | 989372 | 132956 | [69] |
| 10 May | 16 | 21 | 28 | 13 | 11 | 9 | 7 | 11 | 8 | 11 | 18 | 16 | 11 | 15 | 11 | 72 | 2 | 21 | 9 | 13 | 8 | 207 | 20 | 27 | 6 | 11 | 9 | 13 | 624 | 1159925 | 21 | 36994 | 2454 | 991826 | 131105 | [70] |
| 11 May | 16 | 21 | 15 | 15 | 5 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 10 | 3 | 11 | 8 | 14 | 27 | 4 | 11 | 6 | 14 | 7 | 147 | 11 | 20 | 2 | 7 | 8 | 5 | 422 | 1160347 | 13 | 37007 | 3193 | 995019 | 128321 | [71] |
| 12 May | 7 | 15 | 25 | 8 | 2 | 10 | — | — | 3 | 12 | 5 | 5 | 15 | 5 | 1 | 36 | 2 | 9 | 8 | 3 | — | 118 | 16 | 25 | 2 | 13 | 7 | 7 | 359 | 1160706 | 12 | 37019 | 4626 | 999645 | 124042 | [72] |
| 13 May | 13 | 5 | 20 | 4 | 2 | 8 | 4 | — | 2 | 12 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 11 | 8 | 30 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 100 | 21 | 23 | 3 | 7 | 16 | 6 | 332 | 1161038 | 16 | 37035 | 7024 | 1006669 | 117334 | [73] |
| 14 May | 13 | 17 | 15 | 12 | 5 | 4 | 4 | — | 3 | 8 | 9 | 4 | 10 | 8 | 4 | 22 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 9 | 3 | 99 | 20 | 19 | — | 7 | 3 | 3 | 313 | 1161351 | 8 | 37043 | 7611 | 1014280 | 110028 | [74] |
| 15 May | 8 | 8 | 6 | — | 4 | 2 | 3 | — | 2 | 5 | 1 | — | 6 | 2 | 1 | 14 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 13 | — | 53 | 7 | — | 1 | 2 | — | 2 | 153 | 1161504 | 2 | 37045 | 22 | 1014302 | 110157 | [75] |
| 16 May | 1 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 5 | — | 10 | 1 | 2 | — | 2 | — | 60 | 11 | 2 | — | 4 | 4 | — | 126 | 1161630 | 3 | 37048 | 181 | 1014483 | 110099 | [76] |
| 17 May | 12 | 13 | 11 | 4 | 9 | 13 | 11 | — | 5 | 15 | 5 | 7 | 15 | 5 | 5 | 35 | 7 | 9 | 5 | — | 2 | 116 | 12 | 18 | 5 | 10 | 4 | 9 | 362 | 1161992 | 11 | 37059 | 6252 | 1020735 | 104198 | [77] |
| 18 May | 28 | 23 | 15 | 17 | 4 | 7 | 6 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 4 | 10 | 5 | 14 | 5 | 22 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 170 | 22 | 20 | — | 12 | 6 | 6 | 457 | 1162449 | 6 | 37065 | 5436 | 1026171 | 99213 | [78] |
| 19 May | 10 | 11 | 6 | 5 | — | 9 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 9 | 7 | — | 21 | 2 | 8 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 106 | 8 | 14 | 5 | 11 | 9 | 6 | 275 | 1162724 | 6 | 37071 | 10545 | 1036716 | 88937 | [79] |
| 20 May | 8 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 7 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 8 | 3 | 4 | 11 | 15 | 7 | 20 | 3 | 2 | — | 3 | 5 | 97 | 9 | 15 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 262 | 1162986 | 7 | 37078 | 3264 | 1039980 | 85928 | [80] |
| 21 May | 9 | 13 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 8 | — | 3 | — | 5 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 4 | 1 | 22 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 89 | 8 | 16 | 1 | 7 | 2 | — | 239 | 1163225 | 9 | 37087 | 2328 | 1042308 | 83830 | [81] |
| 22 May | 11 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 1 | — | — | 5 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 8 | — | 3 | — | 5 | — | 33 | 2 | 2 | — | — | 1 | 1 | 92 | 1163317 | 3 | 37090 | 274 | 1042582 | 83645 | [82] |
| 23 May | 5 | — | 6 | — | 4 | 6 | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | 2 | 3 | — | 9 | 1 | — | 2 | 2 | 1 | 38 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 96 | 1163413 | 3 | 37093 | 57 | 1042639 | 83681 | [83] |
| 24 May | 15 | 7 | 12 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 6 | 1 | 16 | 1 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 5 | 26 | — | — | 2 | 3 | 6 | 102 | 14 | 17 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 293 | 1163706 | 13 | 37106 | 1716 | 1044355 | 82245 | [84] |
| 25 May | 2 | 14 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | — | — | 1 | 3 | — | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | 43 | 1 | 4 | — | 1 | 1 | 2 | 100 | 1163806 | 3 | 37109 | 231 | 1044586 | 82111 | [85] |
| 26 May | 18 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 10 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 29 | 2 | 8 | 1 | 6 | 8 | 115 | 15 | 27 | 5 | 9 | 3 | 2 | 316 | 1164122 | 6 | 37115 | 2158 | 1046744 | 80263 | [86] |
| 27 May | 11 | 15 | 8 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | — | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 9 | 2 | 13 | — | 1 | — | 4 | 5 | 110 | 10 | 11 | — | 2 | 4 | 1 | 236 | 1164358 | 6 | 37121 | 1372 | 1048116 | 79121 | [87] |
| 28 May | 6 | 10 | 7 | — | 3 | 5 | 5 | — | 2 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 10 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | — | 58 | 9 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 168 | 1164526 | 11 | 37132 | 1181 | 1049297 | 78097 | [88] |
| 29 May | 4 | 11 | 8 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | 13 | — | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 54 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 133 | 1164659 | 1 | 37133 | 636 | 1049933 | 77593 | [89] |
| 30 May | 1 | 4 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | 2 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 2 | — | 3 | 1 | 2 | 25 | 1 | 2 | — | 3 | 1 | — | 73 | 1164732 | 1 | 37134 | 764 | 1050697 | 76901 | [90] |
| 31 May | 12 | 6 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 | — | 1 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 6 | 12 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 7 | 7 | 79 | 16 | 9 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 253 | 1164985 | 11 | 37145 | 2121 | 1052818 | 75022 | [91] |
| Total | 50456 | 75697 | 96683 | 28544 | 11236 | 26833 | 19139 | 21828 | 10088 | 20975 | 17049 | 19694 | 30140 | 22985 | 33239 | 104248 | 11075 | 34350 | 15482 | 27022 | 12881 | 298993 | 41364 | 53205 | 12454 | 28227 | 23099 | 17999 | 1164985 | 37145 | 1052818 | 75022 | ||||
| Province | BLA | BUR | VAR | VTA | VID | VRA | GAB | DOB | KAR | KYU | LOV | MON | PAZ | PER | PLE | PLO | RAZ | RUS | SIL | SLI | SMO | SOF[i] | SOF-P | STZ | TAR | HAS | SHU | YAM | New | Total | New | Total | New | Total | Total | S |
- ^ The total number of tests reached 6,454.
- ^ The total number of tests exceeded 7,000.
- ^ The total number of tests reached 15,899.
- ^ Day-to-day data as released by the Ministry of Health. Cumulative data as per Government-run portal coronavirus.bg. Discrepancies after 5 June 2020.
- ^ As of 31 January 2022
- ^ As of 28 February 2022
- ^ As of 31 March 2022
- ^ As of 31 March 2022
- ^ Number of cases for Sofia City Province and Sofia Province were reported as a summary until June 2020.
Deaths
Total number of deaths
| Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Number of deaths per day
| Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Number of deaths per week
Recoveries
Total number of recoveries
| Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Number of recoveries per day
| Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Response
At the time of the announcement, schools had already been closed until March 11 due to an influenza B epidemic.[93] A massive increase in influenza B cases prompted suspensions of routine medical examinations, and a recommendation by the government for suspension of lectures at universities.[94] According to the latest Ministry of Health data, there were 2063 intensive care and 740 infectious disease hospital beds in the country, with a total of 1605 ventilators across the health system.[95] However, Chief Health Inspector Angel Kunchev stated on 5 March that there is a shortage of medical personnel.[96]
Following the announcement of positive SARS-CoV-2 test results, the Bulgarian government immediately banned the exports of protective equipment and placed orders for masks and protective suits to local manufacturers. In addition, 30,000 masks and 50,000 protective suits will be delivered by Turkey.[97] Some 111,000 suits and masks are required every month and the government plans to distribute them to health workers, social assistants, law enforcement personnel and border guards.[98] Sofia Municipality has increased disinfections to four times daily at public institutions and in public transport.[99] Personnel in all hospitals was reportedly being screened for the disease,[100] but in April a nurse in Vidin reported that she was refused a test after caring for a positive patient, as the hospital in the city had no testing kits.[101]
By mid-March, large-scale imports of protective equipment from Vietnam, China and India had begun. Many volunteers were also signing up to join the handling of the crisis, including Nikola Vaptsarov Naval Academy cadets.[102]
On 30 March, the Minister of Health Kiril Ananiev decreed wearing masks in public mandatory, both outdoors and indoors, despite nationwide protective equipment shortages and soaring prices.[103][104][105] The policy seemed to contradict Ananiev's earlier statement from 9 March that producing the needed gear "will take months".[106] Under article 209a of the Health Law, which was passed on 13 March and does not discriminate between offenses, failing to wear a mask in public would result in a fine of BGN 5,000 (EUR 2,555).[107] On 31 March Ananiev rescinded the decree, citing "a lack of public consensus" on the measure.[108] On 6 April 2020 the National Assembly passed amendments to the State of Emergency law from 13 March.[109] The fines for breaking the measures against the pandemic were reduced. As of 6 April, there were 1340 fines worth approximately EUR 3,500,000 imposed, mostly for walking in the park.[110] On 11 April, the Minister of Health reinstated the mask-wearing measure for the period 12-26 April 2020. The new decree included "towels, scarves, et al," despite reports that "[t]here is only limited indirect evidence that non-medical face masks are effective as a means of source control."[111][112]
Nearly BGN 14,000,000 (EUR 7,160,000) had been donated by 3 April, with 48% coming from private companies, 26% from public campaigns, 19% from individual donors and 7% from foundations.[42]
On 10 April, Sofia City Prosecutor's Office indicted Prof. Asena Stoimenova, chairwoman of the Bulgarian Pharmaceutical Union, under article 326 of the Penal Code following "a series of statements inciting fear in the population during the state of emergency."[113] In an interview for Bulgarian National Television, Stoimenova had stated that the market for protective gear appears to be normalizing following the shortages the country experienced at the outbreak of the pandemic, but disruptions in the international pharmaceutical trade might lead to shortages of other medical supplies in Bulgaria.[114]
Testing
As of 24 March, there are 5 laboratories testing for COVID-19 in the country with a capacity of 300 tests per day. The total number of tests done by March 26 was 6,454, with 264 confirmed cases and a rate of infection around 4.1%.[115]
On 27 March, the Ministry of Health announced that the country now has the capacity to process between 1,000 and 1,200 tests per day, at an estimated cost of BGN 930,000 (EUR 475,000) per month. Two additional methods of testing would be introduced at later stages of the pandemic - fluorescence immunochromatographic tests (up to 20,000 per day) and the so-called 'quick' tests (up to 40,000 per day). Major General Ventsislav Mutafchiyski called all three types "equally important", as the PCR ones provided reliable data, while the fluorescence tests could speed up the process before quick ones are applied to establish how many people have acquired immunity.[116] However, Mutafchiyski later added that rapid tests are considered "unreliable" and therefore mass screening would be "meaningless".[117]
Conversely, Prof. Radka Argirova, chairman of the National Expert Board in Virology at the Bulgarian Doctors' Union, urged increased rapid testing in order to discover asymptomatic cases, avoiding the chance of a future second peak and terminating the epidemic progression.[118] "Aggressive, complete screening" of the population was also advocated by Dr. Rumen Hichev, a Bulgarian medical profession based in the United States and part of a medical advisor team to the White House. According to Hichev, the Bulgarian government had reacted quickly, but without mass screening to establish asymptomatic spreaders, any effort would be behind the course of events.[119][120]
On 5 April, the Ministry of Health announced a total of 15,599 tests had been performed to date in eight laboratories across the country.[44] The government announced that by 18th of April, 26 417 test have been performed.[121]
Medication
After testing positive for COVID-19, business magnate Kiril Domuschiev announced that his company will procure chloroquine from foreign sources and donate it to the national coronavirus task force. Chloroquine, a quinine drug, has shown positive effects on COVID-19 patients in China and France. The Bulgarian government is looking into import opportunities from China and domestic production by local pharmaceutical companies.[122] Exports of all quinine-based drugs were prohibited until further notice, and 35,000 doses of quinine-based Analgin for export have been diverted for domestic consumption. Another 250,000 doses of the drug can reportedly be produced on a short notice by local pharmaceutical companies.[123] On 3 April, the government negotiated the delivery of 171,429 packs of hydroxychloroquine sulfate and 30,000 packs of azithromycin from the China National Pharmaceutical Group.[124] The shipment was delivered using a NATO Boeing C-17 Globemaster piloted by a Bulgarian Air Force captain; the cargo also included more than 1,600,000 masks and 50 ventilators.[125]
Bulgarian biotechnology company Micar21 has been developing a general coronavirus vaccine in the past four years, and announced that it will begin clinical trials of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine based on this research in mid-2020.[126] The company announced that with government support in funding and shorter clinical trial protocols, the drug could be synthesised in two months.[127]
Projections
According to a research conducted by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington, the pandemic was expected to reach its peak in Bulgaria in the end of April. The projections are assuming full social distancing through May 2020. The research lists 856 ICU beds in the country and projects no shortage of medical resources. As of 7 April, there were 303 deaths projected by 4 August 2020.[128] The projected deaths were reduced to 66 on 13 April 2020.
Criticism
Georgi Todorov, a Bulgarian doctor with experience in viral breakouts in Ghana, criticised the handling of the COVID-19 threat. In particular, Todorov stated that Bulgaria's health administration is so rife with nepotism that it cannot come up with any coherent response; as a result, infectious disease specialists were not taken into account when formulating response policies, and no specific locations were designated for potential COVID-19 cases. Todorov further assumed that infected individuals may have not been identified because of improper application of testing procedures.[129]
According to Prof. Milan Milanov, former manager of Pirogov Hospital, the government's response was "catastrophically delayed", although he added that there's no room for panic as COVID-19 treatment was "the same as with influenza".[130]
Impact
Bulgaria recorded 31,643 newly registered unemployed for the period between 13 March to 1 April. From these, 17,793 claimants stated that job losses were a direct consequence of the pandemic, and 12,661 registered in the week 23–27 March alone, compared to 4,561 for the same period in 2019.[131] A survey conducted by the Bulgarian Industrial Association showed only 8% of the companies were willing to use the government stimulus package, which quickly became colloquially known as 'the 60:40 measure'.[132] The proposal envisions the government paying 60% of the impacted businesses' employee wages for up to three months, as long as the companies refrain from lay-offs.[133]
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