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Psalm 98

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This article is about Psalm 98 in Hebrew (Masoretic) numbering. For Psalm 98 in Greek Septuagint or Latin Vulgate numbering, see Psalm 99.
Psalm 98
"O sing unto the Lord a new song"
Beginning of Cantate Domino, with an illuminated letter C in the Psalter of Eleanor of Aquitaine (c. 1185)
Other name
  • Psalm 97
  • "Cantate Domino"
  • "Singet dem Herrn ein neues Lied"
Related
LanguageHebrew (original)

Psalm 98 is the 98th psalm of the Book of Psalms, generally known in English by its first verse, in the King James Version, "O sing unto the Lord a new song; for he hath done marvellous things". The Book of Psalms starts the third section of the Hebrew Bible, and, as such, is a book of the Christian Old Testament. In the slightly different numbering system in the Greek Septuagint version of the Bible, and in the Latin Vulgate, this psalm is Psalm 97. In Latin, it is known as "Cantate Domino".[1] The psalm is a hymn psalm, one of the Royal Psalms, praising God as the King of His people.

The psalm is a regular part of Jewish, Catholic, Anglican and Protestant liturgies. It has inspired hymns such as "Joy to the World" and "Nun singt ein neues Lied dem Herren", and has been set to music often, including by Claudio Monteverdi, Marc-Antoine Charpentier, Dieterich Buxtehude and Antonín Dvořák who set it in Czech in his Biblical Songs.

Background and themes

Psalm 98 describes God's redemption of Israel and the rejoicing that will ensue.[2] It also features many expressions and instruments of music and song.[3] According to the Midrash Tanchuma, Psalm 98 is the tenth and final song that the Jewish people will sing after the final redemption. Grammatically, the reference to a shir chadash (Template:Lang-he, a new song) in verse 1 is a masculine construction, in contrast to the shira (Template:Lang-he, song) mentioned throughout the Tanakh, a feminine construction. Thus, the Midrash teaches that the shir chadash is a song of the future.[4]

Text

Hebrew Bible version

Following is the Hebrew text and English translation of Psalm 98:[5]

Verse Hebrew English
1 מִזְמ֡וֹר שִׁ֚ירוּ לַֽיהֹוָ֨ה | שִׁ֥יר חָדָ֗שׁ כִּֽי־נִפְלָא֥וֹת עָשָׂ֑ה הוֹשִֽׁיעָה־לּ֥וֹ יְ֜מִינ֗וֹ וּזְר֥וֹעַ קָדְשֽׁוֹ A song. Sing to the Lord a new song, for He performed wonders; His right hand and His holy arm have saved Him.
2 ההוֹדִ֣יעַ יְ֖הֹוָה יְשֽׁוּעָת֑וֹ לְעֵינֵ֥י הַ֜גּוֹיִ֗ם גִּלָּ֥ה צִדְקָתֽוֹ The Lord has made known His salvation; to the eyes of the nations He has revealed His righteousness.
3 זָ֘כַ֚ר חַסְדּ֨וֹ | וֶֽאֱמֽוּנָתוֹ֘ לְבֵ֪ית יִשְׂרָ֫אֵ֥ל רָא֥וּ כָל־אַפְסֵי־אָ֑רֶץ אֵ֜֗ת יְשׁוּעַ֥ת אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ He remembered His kindness and His faith to the house of Israel; all the ends of the earth have seen the salvation of our God.
4 הָרִ֣יעוּ לַֽ֖יהֹוָה כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ פִּצְח֖וּ וְרַנְּנ֣וּ וְזַמֵּֽרוּ Shout to the Lord, all the earth, open [your mouths] and sing praises and play music.
5 זַמְּר֣וּ לַֽיהֹוָ֣ה בְּכִנּ֑וֹר בְּ֜כִנּ֗וֹר וְק֣וֹל זִמְרָֽה Play to the Lord with a harp, with a harp and a voice of song.
6 בַּֽחֲצֹֽצְרוֹת וְק֣וֹל שׁוֹפָ֑ר הָ֜רִ֗יעוּ לִפְנֵ֚י | הַמֶּ֬לֶךְ יְהֹוָֽה With trumpets and the sound of a shofar, raise your voices before the King, the Lord.
7 יִרְעַ֣ם הַ֖יָּם וּמְלֹא֑וֹ תֵּ֜בֵ֗ל וְי֣שְׁבֵי בָֽהּ The sea and the fullness thereof will roar, the inhabited world and the inhabitants thereof.
8 נְהָר֥וֹת יִמְחֲאוּ־כָ֑ף יַ֜֗חַד הָרִ֥ים יְרַנֵּֽנוּ Rivers will clap hands; together mountains will sing praises.
9 לִֽפְ֥נֵי־יְהֹוָ֗ה כִּ֥י בָא֘ לִשְׁפֹּ֪ט הָ֫אָ֥רֶץ יִשְׁפֹּט־תֵּבֵ֥ל בְּצֶ֑דֶק וְ֜עַמִּ֗ים בְּמֵֽישָׁרִֽים Before the Lord, for He has come to judge the earth; He will judge the inhabited world justly and the peoples with equity.

King James Version

  1. O sing unto the Lord a new song; for he hath done marvellous things: his right hand, and his holy arm, hath gotten him the victory.
  2. The Lord hath made known his salvation: his righteousness hath he openly shewed in the sight of the heathen.
  3. He hath remembered his mercy and his truth toward the house of Israel: all the ends of the earth have seen the salvation of our God.
  4. Make a joyful noise unto the Lord, all the earth: make a loud noise, and rejoice, and sing praise.
  5. Sing unto the Lord with the harp; with the harp, and the voice of a psalm
  6. With trumpets and sound of cornet make a joyful noise before the Lord, the King.
  7. Let the sea roar, and the fulness thereof; the world, and they that dwell therein.
  8. Let the floods clap their hands: let the hills be joyful together
  9. Before the Lord; for he cometh to judge the earth: with righteousness shall he judge the world, and the people with equity.

Uses

Judaism

Psalm 98 is the fourth of six psalms recited during the Kabbalat Shabbat (Welcoming the Shabbat) service.[2] It is one of the additional psalms recited during the morning prayer on Shabbat in the Sephardi tradition.[2] According to the Abudraham, this psalm corresponds to the seventh of the Ten Utterances of Creation, "Let the waters swarm" (Genesis 1:20), corresponding to verse 7 of this psalm, "Let the sea roar".[2]

Verse 6 is one of the ten verses recited during the Mussaf Amidah on Rosh Hashana in the verses of Shofrot.[6]

New Testament

Verse 3 is quoted in Mary's song of praise, the Magnificat, in Luke 1:54.[7]

Christianity

The psalm may be recited as a canticle in the Anglican liturgy of Evening Prayer according to the Book of Common Prayer as an alternative to the Magnificat, when it is referred to by its incipit as Cantate Domino. It is not included as a canticle in Common Worship, but it does of course appear in the psalter.

Musical settings

Marc-Antoine Charpentier composed in 1679 - 80, one Cantate Domino H.176, for 3 voices, 2 treble instruments, and continuo. Michel-Richard de Lalande composed one grand motet (S72) in 1720, Dieterich Buxtehude, Nicolas Bernier and Claudio Monteverdi also. Loys Bourgeois set the Psalm in the Genevan Psalter, with a melody used also for the German hymn "Nun singt ein neues Lied dem Herren" (1967) by Georg Thurmair.[8] Georg Philipp Telemann's Singet dem Herrn ein neues Lied, TWV 1:1345 is a setting of Psalm 98.[9][10] The Christmas carol "Joy to the World" is a lyrical adaptation of Psalm 98 written by Isaac Watts and set by Lowell Mason to a tune attributed to George Frideric Handel. The 1941 hymn "Singt dem Herrn ein neues Lied" was also inspired by Psalm 98.

Czech composer Antonín Dvořák set part of Psalm 98 (together with part of Psalm 96) to music as No. 10 of his Biblical Songs in 1894. John Rutter set the psalm as the first movement of his choral work The Falcon.[11] Settings were also written by David Conte[citation needed] and by Arvo Pärt in Latin.[12]

Bernard Barrell composed Show Yourselves Joyful unto the Lord, an anthem for female chorus and organ, Op. 130 (1993).

References

  1. ^ Parallel Latin/English Psalter / Psalmus 97 (98) Archived 7 May 2017 at the Wayback Machine medievalist.net
  2. ^ a b c d Nulman, Macy (1996). The Encyclopedia of Jewish Prayer: The Ashkenazic and Sephardic Rites. Jason Aronson. p. 251. ISBN 1461631246.
  3. ^ Rabbi Silver. "The Psalms of our Prayerbook: Psalm 98" (PDF). shirchadash.org. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  4. ^ "The Final Song". Torch. 2015. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  5. ^ "Tehillim - Psalms - Chapter 98". Chabad.org. 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  6. ^ Scherman, Rabbi Nosson, ed. (1989). The Complete Artscroll Machzor for Rosh Hashanah (5th ed.). Mesorah Publications. p. 465. ISBN 0-89906-676-3.
  7. ^ Kirkpatrick, A. F. (1901). The Book of Psalms: with Introduction and Notes. The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges. Vol. Book IV and V: Psalms XC-CL. Cambridge: At the University Press. p. 839. Retrieved February 28, 2019.
  8. ^ "551 ö / Nun singt ein neues Lied dem Herren (L) / Leben in der Kirche - Die himmlische Stadt". mein-gotteslob.de (in German). Retrieved 1 November 2020.
  9. ^ RISM 210000114
  10. ^ Georg Philipp Telemann: Sing to the Lord a new song, Psalm 98, TVWV 1:1345 at Carus Verlag website.
  11. ^ Marc Rochester: Rutter Sacred Choral Works Gramophone April 1992
  12. ^ Arvo Pärt: Cantate Domino canticum novum Universal Edition
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