Cyprus Police

Cyprus Police
Astinomia Kiprou
[*Αστυνομία Κύπρου*] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)
*Kıbrıs Polisi*
Cyprus Police; Astinomia Kiprou; [Αστυνομία Κύπρου] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help); Kıbrıs Polisi
	Cyprus Police Logo
Motto	Ανθρώπινη και Υπερήφανη; Humane and Proud
Agency overview
Formed	1960
Jurisdictional structure
National agency	CY
Operations jurisdiction	CY
	Above: Northern part of the island currently not policed by the Republic of Cyprus as it is under the de facto control of Northern Cyprus. Outlined in red is the UN buffer zone and outlined in blue are the areas of the British Sovereign Bases.; Below: Relief map of Cyprus showing mountains and sea. Red dot indicating capital and Headquarters location.
Size	9,251 km² total; ; Areas Cyprus Police does not operate in; 3,355 km² occupied area (North); 346km² UN buffer zone; 254km² British Sovereign Bases
Population	838,897
Primary governing body	Republic of Cyprus
Secondary governing body	Ministry of Justice and Public Order (Cyprus)
Constituting instruments	The Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus; Police Law 73(I)2004; Criminal Code Cap.154; Criminal Procedure Law Cap.155; Evidence Law Cap-9; The Processing of Personal Data (Protection of the Individual) Law 138(1)/2001;
General nature	Civilian police;
Operational structure
Headquarters	Antistratigou Evaggelou Floraki Str., Aglantzia, Nicosia, Cyprus
Police Officers	4359; 914 special constables; 721 firemen; (data taken on 31/01/2012)
Specialized posts	92 (data taken on 31/01/2012)
Minister responsible	NICOLAOU Ionas;
Agency executive	Zacharias Chrisostomou, Chief of Police;
Facilities
Police Stations	50 excluding substations, offices, units etc.
Airbases	1
Boats	5 Fast Sea Patrol Boats; 5 Patrol Boats; 6 Rigit Inflatable Boats
Helicopters	2 Bell 412EP; 2 AgustaWestland AW139
Website
	http://www.police.gov.cy/
	Emergency Telephone Number 112 or 199; Citizen's Line 1460; Narcotics Line 1498; Hunter’s Line 1414; Fire report line 1407; Rescue Coordination Center 1441

This article is about the police service of the Republic of Cyprus. For the police service in Northern Cyprus, see Directorate General for Police.

The Cyprus Police (Greek: [Αστυνομία Κύπρου] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help), Template:Lang-tr) is the only National Police Service of the Republic of Cyprus and is under the Ministry of Justice and Public Order since 1993.^[10]

The duties and responsibilities of the Cyprus Police are set out in the amended Police Law (N.73(1)) of 2004 and include the maintenance of Law and Order, the prevention and detection of crime as well as arresting and bringing offenders to justice.^[11]

History

Although the history of Law enforcement in Cyprus goes back to 1879 when the first Police Law was passed by the then British Colonial Government, which operated a mounted gendarmerie force known as the Cyprus Military Police, the history of the Cyprus Police begins with the establishment of the Republic of Cyprus in 1960.

In 1960 two Public Security Forces were established within the framework of the Constitution: the Police Force, which was responsible for policing the urban areas, and the Gendarmerie, which was responsible for policing rural areas. A Greek-Cypriot Chief and a Turkish-Cypriot Chief administered the two Forces respectively.^[12]

The two forces of the Police were joined to form the present police service during the year 1964, shortly after the intercommunal troubles between the Greek and the Turkish communities, as a result of which the Turkish Cypriot officers abandoned their posts.^[10] Additionally the conflict created great problems for the Police, who had to handle the situation, along with the then sparsely manned Cypriot Army, because it was the only organized force.

With the creation of the Cypriot National Guard in 1964, the duties of military nature were transferred to the National Guard and the Police was limited back to its usual duties.^[10]

Also notable is that a museum dedicated to the history of the Cyprus Police and Law enforcement in Cyprus in general exists, with a history of its own. The Cyprus Police Museum, owned by the Cyprus Police and managed by the Department A' of the Police Headquarters is open to the general public.

Authorities

The Cyprus Police operates and exercises its authorities throughout the territory of the Republic of Cyprus based on the following Laws and Regulations:^[3]

The Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus
Police Law (N.73(I)/2004)^[13]
Police Regulations
Police Standing Orders
Criminal Code Cap.154
Criminal Procedure Law Cap.155
Evidence Law Cap-9
The Processing of Personal Data (Protection of the Individual) Law 138(1)/2001

The legal framework within which the Cyprus Police exists and operates is determined by the Constitution, Police Law Cap.285 and other laws that provide the authority for investigation, detention, arrest, questioning and prosecution of offenders of the Law.

Structure and organization

The structure and organization of the Cyprus Police is governed by Police Ordinance 1/10 and is formed as stated below:^[14]

Headquarters

The Police Headquarters is divided into different Departments/Directorates/Services and Units, each specializing in a different field/aspect of policing.

Departments

Department A' (Administration)
Department B' (Traffic, Transport)
Department C' (Criminal Investigations, Prosecutors)
Department D' (Scientific & Technical Support)
Research and Development Department

Directorates

European Union & International Police Cooperation Directorate
Materials & Supplies Management Directorate
Airports Security Directorate
Finance Directorate
Directorate of Professional Standards

Services

Aliens & Immigration Service
Drug Law Enforcement Service
Forensic Investigations Service
Audit & Inspection Service
Central Intelligence Service

Units

Cyprus Police Academy
Emergency Response Unit
Presidential Guard Unit
Port & Marine Police
Cyprus Police Aviation Unit (Previously named Police Air Wing)

Divisions

The Cyprus Police has one Division for each district of Cyprus. Under this divisions are the Police Stations but also within each Police Division, branches can be created similar to the branches of the Police Headquarters. For example, there is a Headquarters Drug Law Enforcement Service but also a Nicosia, Limassol etc. Drug Law Enforcement Service. Other examples include Headquarters Criminal Investigation Department (C.I.D.)- Nicosia, Limassol etc. C.I.D. and Headquarters Traffic Department - Nicosia, Limassol etc. Traffic Department . The difference is that the Headquarters units/services etc. operate throughout the territory of the Cyprus Republic while the divisional(provincial) units/services operate mostly within the District that are located.^[15]

Because the Cyprus Fire Service is part of the Police in Cyprus, it is listed as a division of the Police with nationwide jurisdiction.^[16]

Nicosia
Limassol
Larnaca
Famagusta
Paphos
Keryneia
Morphou
Fire Service - The Fire Service operates as an independent Division based in Nicosia but with national coverage.

Because of the Turkish invasion and continuing occupation, the Police Divisional Headquarters of Famagusta and Morphou are temporarily housed in Paralimni and Evrychou respectively, while the Kyrenia Police Division has temporarily suspended its operation.^[16]

Personnel

Ranks and insignia

Below is a table showing the Cyprus police ranks in hierarchical order along with their identification markings and insignia.^[17]

Title in Greek	Title	Epaulette	Sleeve	Shirt colour	Group
[Αρχηγός] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)	Chief of Police	Two crossed police batons in Laurel wreath a star and the Cyprus Coat of arms	----------	White	Ηighest Αdministrative Αuthority (Senior Officers)
[Υπαρχηγός] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)	Deputy Chief of Police	Two crossed police batons in Laurel wreath and a star	----------
[Βοηθός Αρχηγός] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)	Assistant Chief of Police	Two crossed police batons in Laurel wreath	----------
[Ανώτερος Αστυνόμος] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)	Chief Superintendent	Two stars and Cyprus Coat of arms	----------		Senior Officers
[Αστυνόμος Α'] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)	Superintendent A'	One star and Cyprus Coat of arms	----------
[Αστυνόμος Β'] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)	Superintendent B'	Cyprus Coat of arms	----------
[Ανώτερος Υπαστυνόμος] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)	Chief Inspector	Three Stars	----------		Officers
[Υπαστυνόμος] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)	Inspector	Two Stars	----------		Officers
[Αρχιλοχίας] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)	Senior Sergeant	Identification number	Three chevrons with Police emblem on top	Light Blue
[Λοχίας] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)	Sergeant	Identification number	Three chevrons
[Αναπληρωτής Λοχίας Αρχιαστυφύλακας] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)	Acting Sergeant Senior Constable	Identification number	Two chevrons with Police emblem on top
[Αναπληρωτής Λοχίας] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)	Acting Sergeant	Identification number	Two chevrons
[Αρχιαστυφύλακας] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)	Senior Constable	Identification number	One chevron with Police emblem on top
[Αστυφύλακας] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)	Constable	Identification number	----------
[Ειδικός Αστυφύλακας] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)	Special Constable	Identification number with a yellow line on each side along the epaulette	----------

Special Constable

Special Constables are recruited separately from regular Constables and in accordance with Article 39 of the Police Law (N.73 (I) / 2004) they are recruited for clerical and auxiliary duties, guard duties of publicly owned buildings and facilities, VIPs and foreign missions protection and for the delivery and execution of court orders and / or any other orders.^[13]

Article 41 of the Police Law (N.73 (I) / 2004) states that any Special Constable appointed under this Act, shall perform the duties assigned to him and, in the exercise of his duties, has same powers, the same privileges, the same protection and is subject to the same penalties and to the same principles as regular Constables.^[13]

Special Constables are usually referred to as "Special", even in Greek, and rarely as "[Ειδικοί] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)" (usually in more formal references) which is short for the Greek title "[Ειδικός Αστυφύλακας] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)". The curriculum of Special Constables at the Police Academy is less than the curriculum of regular Constables and also shorter in duration. The pay grade that the Special Constables enter the Police is lower in relation to the pay grade that the regular Constables enter.

A Special Constable cannot be "promoted to a regular Constable". Instead Special Constables wishing to enter the Cyprus Police as regular Constables have to go through the same recruitment process as anyone else, including any written or physical condition exams, irrelevant of the years that they have been already working in the Cyprus Police and irrelevant of the fact that they might be transferred after completion of their training as regular Constables back to the position they were serving as Special Constables. An exception on the age of entry was made for Special Constables that were already serving in the Police before the enforcement of Police Law of 2004. The enrolment age restrictions for regular Constables, applies to Special Constables wishing to enroll as regular Constables if they were recruited after the date that the Police Law of 2004 was enforced.^[13]

Constable

Constable is the entry rank in the Cyprus Police. This rank represents the largest percentage of Police Officers serving in the Cyprus Police. All Police Officers begin their careers at this rank (with the exception of the specialized personnel that enter the Police under a different agreement).

Senior Constable

A Senior Constable is not considered a promotion. Senior Constables are Constables assigned duties higher to their rank level, they are called Senior Constables and bear the distinctive insignia. To become a Senior Constable a Constable must meet the following requirements:^[18]

They have completed 12 years of service and have passed the examination for promotion to the rank of Sergeant
During the last two years they have not been imposed with a penalty greater than "severe reprimand" for a disciplinary offence and
they have been recommended by the officer in charge of their Unit as suitable and well trained in police duties

Acting Sergeant / Acting Sergeant Senior Constable

Under Regulation 213/2004, the Chief of Police may, at any time he considers that the needs of the service so require for a short period of time, to select any Constable who is qualified for promotion to Sergeant and assign him to Sergeant duties for a period not exceeding three months but in no event exceeding for the same person a total of two years. Such a person is called Acting Sergeant. After this time period ends, this person reverts to the rank of Constable or Senior Constable respectively, depending on what he was before his assignment as Acting Sergeant. Before the implementation of Regulation 213/2004 this appointment was permanent and not temporary.^[19]

Sergeant

Sergeant is the first rank a Constable is promoted to. Usually sergeants are in charge of a specific shift at a Police Station, a squad or a small team.

Senior Sergeant

A Senior Sergeant is not considered a promotion. Senior Sergeants are Sergeants assigned duties higher to their rank level, they are called Senior Sergeants and bear the distinctive insignia. To become a Senior Sergeant a Sergeant must meet the following requirements:^[18]

They have completed 8 years of service at the rank of Sergeant and have passed the examination for promotion to the rank of Inspector
During the last two years they have not been imposed with a penalty greater than "severe reprimand" for a disciplinary offence and
they have been recommended by the officer in charge of their Unit as suitable and well trained in police duties

Education and training

All police constables(PCs) have to attend a three-year course at the Cyprus Police Academy, which is recognized as a higher education institution.^[20] The course alternates between theory at the Police Academy and practical training in the field. Special police constables (SPCs) also attend the police academy for a seventeen-week course. All PCs and SPCs, as part of their training attend the Special Training Center of the Emergency Response Unit for firearms training and other physical forms of training.^[21]

The highly variable field of law enforcement demands and highly promotes continuing education. For this reason police officers of all ranks continue attending courses throughout their careers. Such courses are conducted by the Cyprus Police Academy^[21] or by foreign training agencies such as the FBI National Academy and the National Security School of the Greek Police Academy. The duration of these courses is from a couple of days, up to several months or in some cases more than a year. To assist cross-border common training, exist the Cyprus Police is a member of many international programs and agencies, for example CEPOL.

Equipment

Vehicles

Markings

Cyprus Police cars are white with a blue stripe that goes around the car. On both sides they have printed on them the words POLICE and [ΑΣΤΥΝΟΜΙΑ] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help), which means Police in Greek. They also have the logo of the Cyprus Police, usually on the front doors and also have printed on them the Police’s website www.police.gov.cy. An exception to this is some of the cars used by the Neighbourhood Police that have the Neighbourhood Police logo instead of the Cyprus Police Logo. On the front part of the car they have again the logo with the words POLICE and [ΑΣΤΥΝΟΜΙΑ] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help) and at the back they could have, depending on the model of the car and the space available, the words Police in Greek and English or just the Cyprus Police insignia or both. On the roof they have printed a distinct number for each one as aerial roof markings.

In 2011 a trial version for new markings was used on an old Opel Vectra patrol car. These were half-Battenburg markings with a highly reflective blue-yellow stripe on the sides instead of the solid blue stripe. Additionally the back was covered in reflective yellow-red diagonal stripes and had printed the emergency phone number 112. The front part on the hood of the car had the words [ΑΣΤΥΝΟΜΙΑ] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help) and POLICE printed inverted so that they would appear correctly when seen through a mirror. These markings were not enforced.

In 2012 new markings were enforced were the blue stripe although still solid was replaced with a highly reflective one, and the rear horizontal line was replaced from a solid blue stripe to a blue-white diagonal line similar to the rear usually found on vehicles with Battenburg markings.

The Cyprus Police also uses unmarked vehicles. Unmarked vehicles are not necessarily covert to be used for undercover work. Most unmarked cars are the same models as the patrol cars and they are mostly used by plain clothed officers such as crime investigators, crime prevention squads, technicians etc. Most of these cars are fitted with sirens and can be seen in the streets with detachable strobe lights.

Lists of vehicles

List of vehicles used by Cyprus Police (past and present)
Year entered service^*	Vehicle	Photo	Manufacturer	Engine	Purpose
2000	Toyota Landcruiser		Toyota	3.0L Diesel	Multi-purpose car
2001	Opel Vectra		Opel	2.6L V6	Multi-purpose car
	Peugeot 406		Peugeot		Multi-purpose car
	Renault Laguna		Renault		Multi-purpose car
	Renault Megane		Renault		Multi-purpose car
2004	Prinoth Husky		Prinoth		Snow Trac
	Honda CR-V		Honda		Multi-purpose car
	Isuzu Trooper	File:Isuzu Trooper Cyprus Police.jpg	Isuzu		Multi-purpose car
2007	Mazda3	File:Mazda 3 Cyprus Police.jpg	Mazda		Multi-purpose car
	Peugeot Boxer		Peugeot		Support
	Ford Transit	File:Ford Transit Cyprus Police.jpg	Ford		Support
	Renault Trafic	File:KMB032border.jpg	Renault		Support
	Renault Master		Renault		Support
	Nissan Pathfinder		Nissan	2.5 TD	Multi-purpose car
	Mitsubishi Pajero		Mitsubishi	3.2 Di-D	Multi-purpose car
2008	Kia Magentis	File:Kia Magentis Cyprus Police.jpg	Kia		Multi-purpose car
2009^[22]	Chevrolet Matiz		Chevrolet		Neighbourhood Police
	Kia Rio		Kia		Multi-purpose car
	Isuzu D-Max		Isuzu		Support
	Ford Focus		Ford		Multi-purpose car
2010	Ford Mondeo		Ford		Multi-purpose car
2012	Ford Mondeo		Ford		Multi-purpose car

^*Unless specifically referenced, the dates the vehicles entered service are based on their license plate registration numbers

List of Motorcycles used by Cyprus Police (past and present)
Motorcycle	Manufacturer	Engine	Purpose
Honda CBX750	Honda	750cc	Traffic/Response vehicle
Suzuki GSX 750P	Suzuki	750cc	Traffic/Response vehicle
Honda Pan-European	Honda	1100cc	Traffic/Response vehicle
Suzuki GSX-R1000	Suzuki	1000cc	Traffic/Response vehicle
Suzuki V-Strom 1000	Suzuki	1000cc	Traffic/Response vehicle
KTM 640 Adventure	KTM	625cc	Traffic/Response vehicle
BMW C1	BMW		Neighbourhood Police
Honda CBR1000RR	Honda	1000cc	Traffic/Response vehicle
Honda Varadero	Honda	1000cc	Traffic/Response vehicle