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Khammam district

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This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Khammam.
Khammam district
ఖమ్మం జిల్లా
District of Telangana
Painting of Lord Rama on a temple at Bhadrachalam
Painting of Lord Rama on a temple at Bhadrachalam
Location in Telangana, India
Location in Telangana, India
CountryIndia
StateTelangana
HeadquartersKhammam
Area
 • Total
16,029 km2 (6,189 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total
2,797,371
 • Rank140
 • Density175/km2 (450/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialTelugu, Urdu
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
Vehicle registrationTS-04[1]
Websitekhammam.telangana.gov.in

Khammam District is a district in the eastern region of the state of Telangana in India. It had a population of 2,797,370[2] of which 19.81% were urban as of 2001 census. Khammam city is the district headquarters. The present name of Khammam is derived its name after a local hill, which was called as 'Stambhadri'. The city was called with different names starting with Stambhadri, Kambhadri, Kambham mettu, Khammam mettu and then finally as Khammam. The Godavari River enters Khammam district from Warangal district and flows nearly 250 km across the district. Khammam district is one of the "Coal mining districts of India."The district has the Singareni Colleries head town , Kothagudem which is also called "Coal town of South India." It is currently a part of the Red Corridor.[3]

Dummugudem Barrage on River Godavari in Khammam District

Doli Gutta, at 965 m the highest point in Telangana, is located at the northern end of the district.[4]

History

Khammam Fort Entrance view from below

Prehistory

Paleolithic man probably roamed around the areas of lower Godavari valley[5] and the surroundings of Bhadrachalam, Kothagudem, Wyra, Sathupally and Paloncha Taluks in the district. Prehistoric rock paintings were found near Neeladri konda[6] near Lankapalli of Sathupally Taluk.

Megalithic Dolmens were found at Janampet[7] of Pinapaka Taluk. Megalithic site on the campus of Government Degree college in Khammam has yielded pottery and skeletal remains.[8] Kistapuram[9] and Padugonigudem[10] villages in Gundala Taluk of the district were rich in Megalithic cultural remnants explored and discovered recently.

Buddhism

The southern parts of Khammam district flourished as famous Buddhist centers along with Amaravathi and Vijayapuri along the rivulets Munneru, Wyra and Murredu. Important Buddhist sites in the district are Nelakondapalli, Mudigonda, Aswaraopeta and Karukonda[11] near Kothagudem.

Post Independence

Khammam town which was the seat of Taluk Administration was a part of the larger Warangal district, till 1 October 1953. Six taluks of the Warangal district viz., Khammam, Madhira, Yellandu, Paloncha, Kothagudem and Burgampadu were carved out as a new district with Khammam as headquarters.

On 1 November 1956, Hyderabad state was dissolved, and Khammam district became part of Andhra Pradesh.

In 1959 Bhadrachalam Revenue Division consisting of Bhadrachalam and Nuguru Venkatapuram Taluks of East Godavari district, which were on the other side of the river Godavari were merged into Khammam on grounds of geographical contiguity and administrative viability. Aswaraopeta was also part of West Godavari District up to 1959. In 1973 a new taluk with Sathupalli as headquarters was carved out from Madhira and Kothagudem taluks. In the year 1976 three new taluks were formed viz., Tirumalayapalem, Aswaraopeta and Manuguru by bifurcating Khammam, Kothagudem and Burgampadu taluks respectively.
In the year 1985, following the introduction of the Mandal system, the district has been divided into 46 mandals, under four Revenue Divisions - Khammam, Kothagudem, Paloncha and Bhadrachalam. In 2014 when Andhra Pradesh was bifurcated, to avoid land constraints in the relief and rehabilitation process for the displaced affected by Polavaram project, seven mandals of Khammam district, were merged with the successor state of Andhra Pradesh.

Bommakanti Satyanarayana(Freedom Fighter,MLA From 1957 to 1962,Warangal DCC Presadent,SR&BGNR Founder).Bommakanti satyanarayana Political Master to P.V.Narshima Rao(Ex PM),Jalangam Vengal Rao(Ex CM),Seelam Siddareddy(Ex Minister) .Bommakanti satyanarayana allot Plots,Lands to SC,ST,and BC at Bonakal and Madhira Assembly Constitution first time in the State.He is Main cause to form Khammam District .Bommakanti Satyanarayana 1957 to 1962 MLA Madhira INC Bommakanti Satyanarayana Contest as Hyderbad State P.C.C President In 17 January 1954 (opposition :Konda Venkatreddy). 47MLA support to Bommakanti Satyanarayana in 1955 To formation Visalandhra 47 MLAs under leadership of Bommakanti Satyanarayana meet to Nehru,Radakrishna, Govind Vallab Path, Moulana Azad and demand for Visalandhra in 4th Nov 1955 Bommakanti think he can check Konda Venkat reddy and Chenna Reddy with association of Ayyadevara Kaleshwarao and Andhra Leaders after formation of visalandhra but andhra leader check to Bommakanti

Bommakanti….. Praja party members some of Congress men who Opposed sanjiv Reddy leadership as chief Minister to AP State Formed Socilist Democratic Party in 1959, the Convention elected, P.V.G.Rajuas as Chairman

Bommakanti Satyanarayana as General Secretary Chenna Reddy as Legislature Party Leader Strength of the party 41 MLAs and main opposition party In Assembly

On 2 June 2014, Khammam together with nine other districts became the new state of Telangana, which was separated from Andhra Pradesh.

On 11 July 2014, the Lok Sabha approved a bill transferring seven mandals of Khammam district (Kukunoor, Velairpadu, Bhurgampadu, Chintoor, Kunavaram, Vararamachandrapuram and Bhadrachalam) back to Andhra Pradesh, in order to facilitate the Polavaram Irrigation project.[12][13]

Religions in Khammam district
Religion Percentage
Hindu
 
 93.3%
Muslim
 
 5.34%
Christian
 
 1.19%
Others
 
 0.17%

Geography

Khammam district occupies an area of approximately 16,029 square kilometres (6,189 sq mi),[14] comparatively equivalent to Canada's Bathurst Island.[15]

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Khammam district has a population of 2,797,370,[16] roughly equal to the nation of Jamaica[17] or the US state of Utah.[18] This gives it a ranking of 140th in India (out of a total of 640).[16] The district has a population density of 175 inhabitants per square kilometre (450/sq mi) .[16] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 8.5%.[16] Khammam has a sex ratio of 1010 females for every 1000 males,[16] and a literacy rate of 65.46%.[16]

The density of population has grown from 51 to 160 per km². Among the population, there are about 3,60,154 Scheduled Castes 5,58,958 Scheduled Tribes. About 80% of the population lives in rural areas. The sex ratio is 974 females for every 1000 male population in rural areas and about 977 females for 1000 males in the urban areas.
The tradition and culture of Khammam district is a conglomeration of mosaic culture representing Hindus, Muslims and Christians. There are sizable number of scheduled tribes, who constitute an integral part of Hindu community. Among the tribes, Koyas and Lambadas are in domination. These tribal people still follow their own traditions and customs in their social life. Khammam district is the largest tribal populated district in Telangana followed by Adilabad district.

Household indicators

In 2007–2008 the International Institute for Population Sciences interviewed 1258 households in 38 villages across the district.[19] They found that 85.8% had access to electricity, 92.2% had drinking water, 32.1% toilet facilities, and 28.6% lived in a pucca (permanent) home.[19] 33.6% of girls wed before the legal age of 18[20] and 81.7% of interviewees carried a BPL card.[19]

Administrative divisions

The district has four revenue divisions, namely Bhadrachalam, Khammam, Kothagudem and Palwancha, each headed by a sub collector. These revenue divisions are divided into 46 mandals in the district. There are 14 towns (or urban settlements) in the district, including 1 municipal corporation, 4 municipalities, 1 nagar panchayat and 8 census towns. Khammam is the only municipal corporation and the 4 municipalities are Manuguru, Palwancha and Yellandu. The only nagar panchayat is Sathupalli and the 8 census towns are Ballepalle, Bhadrachalam, Chunchupalle, Laxmidevipalle, Garimellapadu, Khanapuram Haveli, Madhira and Sarapaka.[21]

Assembly Constituencies

There are 10 Assembly Constituencies in Khammam district.

110. Pinapaka . 111. Yellandu . 112. khammam . 113. Palair . 114. Madhira. 115. wyra. 116. Sathupalli. 117. Kothagudem. 118, Aswaraopeta. 119. Bhadrachalam.

Economy

Coal Handling Ropeway near Pamulapalli village (supply of coal from Manugur open cast mine to Aswapuram Heavy Water Plant)

In 2006 the Indian government named Khammam one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[22] It is one of the districts in Telangana currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[22]

Agriculture

Khammam District is endowed with Agro climatic and soil conditions in which a wide range of horticulture crops like mango, banana, cashew, coconut, oil palm, cocoa, pepper etc. are grown. Production and distribution of various kinds of fruits, vegetables and flowers and their seeds are the major activities supported by the horticulture Department.

Irrigation projects include:

Major projects
Medium Projects

Notable People

  • The former Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh(United), Jalagam Vengala Rao is from Khammam District. He served as 5th chief minister during 1973-78.
  • Renuka Chowdary, Rajya Sabha Member, Former Minister of Women and Child Development.
  • Thummala Nageshwar Rao, minister for Roads and buildings, women and child welfare in Telangana State Government is from this region. He also occupied several ministerial portfolios in United Andhra Pradesh.
  • Puvvada Nageswararao, Former Member of Legislative Council and Legislative Assembly is a renowned Politician, Educationalist.
  • Nama Nageswara Rao served as Member of Parliament for 16th Lok Sabha of India. He is a businessman and owner of Madhucon Projects.
  • Anand Kumar, a 18-year-old student from Khammam district along with Poorna,aged 13,resident of Nizamabad scaled Mount Everest the highest peak in the world on 25 May 2014.
  • Babu Mohan, notable actor and comedian in Telugu Film Industry. He also served as Social Welfare Minister in TDP Government.
  • Vandemataram Srinivas is a South Indian music director, actor and singer.
  • K.Dasaradh is a Telugu film Writer, Director. He is well known for his movies Santosham (2002 film) and Mr. Perfect (film).

References

  1. ^ "District Codes". Government of Telangana Transport Department. Retrieved 4 September 2014.
  2. ^ "Khammam District Information".
  3. ^ "83 districts under the Security Related Expenditure Scheme". IntelliBriefs. 2009-12-11. Retrieved 2011-09-17.
  4. ^ "Wikimapia - Doli Gutta (965m) - Telangana Chhattisgarh border. Possibly highest point in Telangana".
  5. ^ Paleolithic History of Godavari valley.
  6. ^ "Comprehensive History and Culture of Andhra Pradesh: Pre- and protohistoric ..."
  7. ^ "Archeological Survey of India".
  8. ^ Sridhar, P (2012-06-04). "Excavation throws light on burial practices of megalithic age". The Hindu. Chennai, India.
  9. ^ Sridhar, P. (2012-02-22). "Three megalithic sites discovered". The Hindu. Chennai, India.
  10. ^ "3,000-year-old megalithic site discovered in Khammam". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 2011-04-22.
  11. ^ http://www.aparchaeologymuseum.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Khammam-dt.pdf
  12. ^ "The Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation (Amendment) Bill, 2014" Accessed 13 July 2014 [1]
  13. ^ "Protests against Centre, Andhra Pradesh in Khammam over Polavaram Bill". Deccan Chronicle, 12 July 2014. Accessed 13 July 2014. [2]
  14. ^ Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) (2010). "States and Union Territories: Telangana: Government". India 2010: A Reference Annual (54th ed.). New Delhi, India: Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India. pp. 1111–1112. ISBN 978-81-230-1617-7. {{cite book}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); |last1= has generic name (help)
  15. ^ "Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area". United Nations Environment Program. 1998-02-18. Retrieved 2011-10-11. Bathurst Island 16,042
  16. ^ a b c d e f "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
  17. ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 2011-10-01. Jamaica 2,868,380 July 2011 est {{cite web}}: line feed character in |quote= at position 8 (help)
  18. ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-09-30. Utah 2,763,885 {{cite web}}: line feed character in |quote= at position 5 (help)
  19. ^ a b c "District Level Household and Facility Survey (DLHS-3), 2007-08: India. Andhra Prades" (PDF). International Institute for Population Sciences and Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. 2010. Retrieved 2011-10-03.
  20. ^ "How Do I? : Obtain Marriage Certificate". National Portal Content Management Team, National Informatics Centre. 2005. Retrieved 2011-10-03. To be eligible for marriage, the minimum age limit is 21 for males and 18 for females.
  21. ^ "District Census Handbook - Krishna" (PDF). Census of India. p. 14–17,100. Retrieved 18 January 2015.
  22. ^ a b Ministry of Panchayati Raj (September 8, 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
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