List of long tunnels by type: Difference between revisions
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|[[Kishanganga Hydroelectric Project]] |
|[[Kishanganga Hydroelectric Project]] |
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|[[India]] |
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|23.20 km<ref>{{Cite web |title=NHPC Limited : Projects : Power Stations : Kishanganga |url=http://www.nhpcindia.com/Default.aspx?id=186&lg=eng&CatId=1&ProjectId=32 |access-date=2022-08-04 |website=www.nhpcindia.com}}</ref> |
|23.20 km<ref>{{Cite web |title=JandK's Kishanganga hydro project: 9 interesting facts - JandK's Kishanganga hydro project |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/infrastructure/jks-kishanganga-hydro-project-9-interesting-facts/headrace-tunnel/slideshow/37621950.cms |access-date=2022-08-04 |website=The Economic Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=NHPC Limited : Projects : Power Stations : Kishanganga |url=http://www.nhpcindia.com/Default.aspx?id=186&lg=eng&CatId=1&ProjectId=32 |access-date=2022-08-04 |website=www.nhpcindia.com}}</ref> |
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(14.4 mi) |
(14.4 mi) |
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|2017 |
|2017 |
Revision as of 19:40, 4 August 2022
This page presents the same tunnels as in list of tunnels by length in separate lists according to the different tunnel types.
Rail
Note: This list only contains tunnels that are longer than 25 km (16 mi).
Under construction
Note: This list only contains tunnels that are longer than 25 km (16 mi).
Name | Location | Length | Expected completion |
Line |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mont d'Ambin base tunnel[6] | France/Italy (Cottian Alps) | 57.5 km (35.7 mi) | 2029[7] | Lyon Turin Ferroviaire |
Brenner Base Tunnel | Austria/Italy (Stubai Alps) | 55 km (34.2 mi) | 2028[8] | Brenner Railway |
Yigong Tunnel 易贡隧道[9][10] | China (Tibet) | 42.5 km (26.4 mi) | 2030 | Nyingchi–Ya'an railway |
Sejila Mountain Tunnel 色季拉山隧道[9][10] | China (Tibet) | 37.9 km (23.5 mi) | 2030 | Nyingchi–Ya'an railway |
Metropolitan Area Tunnel No. 1[11] | Japan (Tokyo) | 37.168 km (23.1 mi) | 2027+ | Chūō Shinkansen |
Pearl River Tunnel 珠江隧道[12] | China (Guangdong) | 36.043 km (22.4 mi) | 2021 | Guangzhou–Foshan circular intercity railway |
Duomuge Tunnel 多木格隧道[9] | China (Tibet) | 36 km (22.4 mi) | 2030 | Nyingchi–Ya'an railway |
Gaoligongshan Tunnel | China (Yunnan) | 34.5 km (21.5 mi) | 2022 | Dali-Ruili Railway |
Chukyo Area Tunnel No.1[11] | Japan (Aichi) | 34.210 km (21.3 mi) | 2027+ | Chūō Shinkansen |
Koralm Tunnel | Austria (Koralpe) | 32.9 km (20.4 mi) | 2026[13] | Koralm Railway |
Oshima Tunnel | Japan (Hokkaido) | 32.675 km (20.3 mi) | 2031 | Hokkaidō Shinkansen |
Mangkangshan Tunnel | China (Tibet) | 29.4 km (18.3 mi) | 2026 | Kangding-Linzhi Railway |
Ping'an Tunnel | China (Sichuan) |
|
2023 | Chengdu–Lanzhou Railway |
Semmering Base Tunnel | Austria (Raxalpe) | 27.3 km (17.0 mi) | 2027[14] | Southern Railway |
Valico Tunnel | Italy (Liguria, Piedmont) | 27.250 km (16.9 mi) | 2023 | Tortona–Genoa high-speed railway |
Sasson Tunnel | Japan (Hokkaido) | 26.2 km (16.3 mi) | 2031 | Hokkaidō Shinkansen |
Musil Tunnel | South Korea (Wonju) | 25.1 km (15.6 mi) | 2020[needs update] | Jungang Line |
Minshan Tunnel | China (Sichuan) | 25.0 km (15.6 mi) | 2023 | Chengdu–Lanzhou Railway |
Southern Alps Tunnel[11] | Japan (Nagano, Shizuoka, Yamanashi) | 25.019 km (15.5 mi) | 2027+ | Chūō Shinkansen |
- ^ 2 tubes
Underground rapid transit
Only continuous tunnel sections should be included, at least 35 km (22 mi) long, excluding branches from the longest tunnel.
Under construction
Only continuous tunnel sections should be included, at least 30 km (19 mi) long.
Name | System | Stations | Length | Expected completion |
---|---|---|---|---|
Line 15 | Paris Métro | (circle route, all underground) | 75 km (46.6 mi) | 2022–2030 |
Bolshaya Koltsevaya line | Moscow Metro | (circle route, all underground) | 69 km (42.9 mi)[15] | 2018[a] |
M11 (Istanbul Metro) | Istanbul Metro | (Airport express route, all underground) | 69 km (42.9 mi) | 2021-2022 |
Cross Island line | Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore) | (Linear route with branch section, all underground) | 65.5 km (40.7 mi)[b] | 2029–2031 |
Line 18 | Guangzhou Metro | Guangzhou East railway station to Wanqingsha | 65.3 km (40.6 mi) | 2021-2022 |
Thomson–East Coast line | Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore) | (Linear route, all underground excluding last 2 km [1.2 mi]) | 56.4 km (35.0 mi) | 2019–2024[c] |
L9 / L10 | Barcelona Metro | 43.7 km (27.2 mi)[d] | 2016[e] |
Road
Name | Location | Length | Year | Tubes | Road | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lærdal | Norway (Lærdal - Aurland) | 24.51 km (15.2 mi) | 2000 | 1 | E16 | Longest road tunnel in the world. |
Yamate Tunnel | Japan (Tokyo) | 18.20 km (11.3 mi) | 2007 2010 2015 |
2 | C2, Shuto Expressway | Longest in-city road tunnel in the world. |
Zhongnanshan Tunnel | China (Shaanxi) | 18.04 km (11.2 mi) | 2007 | 2 | G65, Xi'an-Zhashui Expressway[16] | |
Jinpingshan Tunnel[17][18] | China (Sichuan) | 17.54 km (10.9 mi) | 2011 | 2 | between sites of Jinping-I and Jinping-II Hydropower Station | 2 tubes, 17.540 km and 17.485 km |
St. Gotthard | Switzerland (Uri - Ticino) | 16.918 km (10.5 mi) | 1980 | 1 | A2/E35 | "World's longest tunnel" 1980 - 2000 |
Mount Ovit Tunnel | Turkey (İkizdere - İspir) | 14.346 km (8.9 mi) | 2018[19] | 2 | D.925 | |
Ryfylke tunnel | Norway | 14.3 km (8.9 mi) | 2019 | 2 | 13 | The longest underwater road tunnel in the world |
Arlberg | Austria (Vorarlberg - Tyrol) | 13.972 km (8.7 mi) | 1978 | 1 | S16/E60 | "World's longest tunnel" 1979 - 1980 |
Xishan Tunnel | China (Shanxi) | 13.654 km (8.5 mi) | 2012[20] | 2 | S56 Shanxi Taiyuan-Gujiao Expressway | Left tube:13.654 m, right tube:13.570 m |
New Erlangshan Tunnel[21] | China (Sichuan) | 13.433 km (8.3 mi) | 2018 | 2 | Ya'an-Kangding Expressway | Left tube: 13.433 m, right tube: 13.381 m |
Hongtiguan Tunnel | China (Shanxi) | 13.122 km (8.2 mi) | 2013[22] | 2 | S76 Shanxi Changzhi-Pingshun Expressway | Left tube: 13.122 m, right tube: 13.098 m[23] |
Hsuehshan | Taiwan | 12.942 km (8.0 mi) | 2006 | 2 | 5 | |
Fréjus | France - Italy | 12.895 km (8.0 mi) | 1980 | 1 | E70 | |
KPE & MCE Expressway Tunnel | Singapore | 12.46 km (7.7 mi) | 2008 2013 |
1* | Kallang–Paya Lebar Expressway (KPE) and Marina Coastal Expressway (MCE) | Tunnel section of KPE (8.13 km) and MCE (4.33 km) are contiguous, hence classified as one tunnel. *Dual carriageway 12 Lanes of traffic (maximum width: 70m) with each direction separated only by a full-height wall, thus considered to be one tube. |
Maijishan Tunnel | China (Gansu) | 12.29 km (7.6 mi) | 2009 | 2 | G30, Baoji-Tianshui Expressway | 2 tubes, 12.290 km and 12.286 km |
Mt. Blanc | France - Italy (Alps) | 11.611 km (7.2 mi) | 1965 | 1 | E25 | "World's longest tunnel" 1965 - 1979 |
Gudvangen | Norway (Gudvangen - Flåm) | 11.428 km (7.1 mi) | 1991 | 1 | E16 | |
Yunshan Tunnel | China (Shanxi) | 11.408 km (7.1 mi) | 2014 | 2 | G2516 Dongyin-Luliang Expressway | Left tube: 11.408 m, right tube: 11.377 m |
Eysturoyartunnilin | Faroe Islands | 11.238 km (7.0 mi) | 2020 | 1 | Forked with roundabout and 3 entries. Segments 7.5 km (4.7 mi), 2.2 km (1.4 mi) and 1.7 km (1.1 mi) long. | |
Baojiashan Tunnel | China (Shaanxi) | 11.200 km (7.0 mi) | 2009[24] | 2 | G65, Xi'an-Ankang Expressway | Left tube: 11.200 m, right tube: 11.195 m |
Folgefonna | Norway (Odda - Eitrheim) | 11.15 km (6.9 mi) | 2001 | 1 | 49 | |
Kan-etsu | Japan (Gunma - Niigata) | 11.055 km (6.9 mi) | 1985 1991 |
2 | Kan-Etsu Expressway | Two tubes (the older 10.926 m) |
Inje-Yangyang Tunnel | South Korea (Gangwon Province) | 10.962 km (6.85 mi) | 2017 | 2 | Seoul–Yangyang Expressway | 10.965 km (Seoul bound) / 10.962 km (Yangyang bound) |
Toven Tunnel[25] | Norway | 10.655 km (6.6 mi) | 2014 | 1 | 78 | |
Baotashan[26] | China (Shanxi) | 10.480 km (6.512 mi) | 2012[27] | 2 | S66 Shanxi Hefen Expressway | Left tube: 10.192 m, right tube: 10.480 m |
Hida | Japan (Gifu) | 10.71 km (6.7 mi) | 2008 | 1 | Tokai-Hokuriku Expressway | |
Gran Sasso d'Italia | Italy (Abruzzo) | 10.176 km (6.3 mi) | 1984 1995 |
2 | A24 | Two tubes (the newer 10.173 m) |
Lowari Tunnel | Pakistan | 10.4 km (6.5 mi) | 1975 2017 |
2 | N-45 / Dir-Chitral Highway | Two tunnels: 8.5 km (5.3 mi) and 1.9 km (1.2 mi) |
Jondal Tunnel | Norway (Mauranger - Jondal) | 10.05 km (6.2 mi) | 2012 | 1 | 49 | |
Nibashan Tunnel[a] | China (Sichuan) | 10.007 km (6.2 mi) | 2012[28] | 2 | G5, Beijing-Kunming Expressway | 2 tubes, 10.007 km and 9.962 km |
Duplex A86 | France (Rueil-Malmaison - Versailles) | 10 km (6.2 mi) | 2009/2011 | 1* | A86 | *the two two-lane directions are superimposed (hence duplex) in one tube |
Many more tunnels exist that are shorter than 10 kilometres (6 mi) |
Under construction
Name | Location | Length | Year | Tubes | Road | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Boknafjord Tunnel[29] | Norway (Stavanger) | 26.7 km (16.6 mi)[30] | 2031 | 2 | European route E39 | Mostly underwater. Will have a record depth of 390 m below sea level. A side tunnel (Kvitsøy Tunnel, 4 km) will connect Kvitsøy. Construction began on 4 January 2018. |
WestConnex | Australia (Sydney) | 26.0 km (16.2 mi) | 2023 (2019 and 2020 partial completion) | 2 | M4 East, M8 and M4 to M5 tunnel | Will be the longest in-city road tunnel in the world upon completion. |
Tianshan Shengli Tunnel | China (Xinjiang) | 22.1 km (13.7 mi)[31] | 2025 | 2 | Ürümqi–Ruoqiang Expressway | |
Bypass Stockholm[32] | Sweden (Stockholm) | 16.5 km (10.3 mi) | 2030[33] | 2 | E4 | |
New Mount Zigana Tunnel[34] | Turkey (Maçka - Torul) | 14.481 km (9.0 mi) | 2022 | 2 | D.885, E97 | |
Zoji-la Tunnel | India (Jammu Kashmir) | 14.2 km (8.8 mi) | 2026[35] | 1 | Srinagar-Kargil-Leh highway[36] | |
Micangshan Tunnel[citation needed] | China (Sichuan) | 13.833 km (8.6 mi) | 2018[needs update] | 2 | Bazhong-Shaanxi Expressway | Left tube: 13.833 m, right tube: 13.792 m[37] |
Fjarðarheiðargöng | Iceland | 13.500 km (8.4 mi) | 2024 | 1 | Route 93 | In planning. Actual construction starts in 2022. |
Dongtianshan Tunnel | China (Xinjiang) | 13.240 km (8.2 mi) | 2020[needs update] | 1 | National Highway G575 | |
Huangtuliang Tunnel | China (Sichuan) | 13.010 km (8.1 mi) | 2021 | 2 | Mianyang-JiuzhaigouExpressway | |
NSC Expressway Tunnel | Singapore | 12.5 km (7.8 mi) | 2026 | 1 | North-South Corridor, Singapore | Tunnel sections of NSC are (10.4 km), while sub-surface section is (2.1 km). Dual carriageway of 6 lanes with each direction separated only by a full-height wall, thus considered to be one tube. |
Gaoloushan Tunnel | China (Gansu) | 12.248 km (7.6 mi) | 2020[needs update] | 2 | Pingliang-Mianyang Expressway | |
Murovdag Tunnel | Azerbaijan (Kalbajar) | 11.600 km (7.2 mi) | ?? | 2 | ||
Yunshan Tunnel | China (Shanxi) | 11.408 km (7.1 mi) | ?? | 2 | S66 Shanxi Hefen Expressway | Left tube: 11.408 m, right tube: 11.377 m |
Sandoyartunnilin | Faroe Islands | 10.900 km (6.8 mi) | 2023[38] | 1 | ||
Many more tunnels that are shorter than 10 kilometres (6 mi) are under construction |
Water
Name | Location | Length | Year | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Delaware Aqueduct | New York, United States | 137.0 km (85.1 mi) | 1945 | Water supply. Drilled through solid rock. | |
Päijänne Water Tunnel | Southern Finland, Finland | 120.0 km (74.6 mi) | 1982 | Water supply (16 m2 cross section). | |
Dahuofang Water Tunnel | Liaoning Province, China | 85.3 km (53.0 mi) | 2009 | Water supply (8 m in diameter[39]) | |
Orange–Fish River Tunnel | South Africa | 82.8 km (51.4 mi) | 1975 | Irrigation. (22.5 m2 cross section) | |
Bolmen Water Tunnel | Kronoberg/Scania, Sweden | 82.0 km (51.0 mi) | 1987 | Water supply, 8 m2. | |
Želivka Water Tunnel[40] | Central Bohemian Region, Czech Republic | 51.1 km (31.8 mi) | 1972 | Water supply, 5 m2 | |
Arpa-Sevan Tunnel[41] | Armenia (at the time of construction USSR) |
48.3 km (30.0 mi) | 1981 | Water supply. | |
#1 Tunnel, Yellow River Diversion to Shanxi North Line | Shanxi, China | 43.7 km (27.2 mi) | 2011 | Water supply. | |
#7 Tunnel, Yellow River Diversion to Shanxi South Line | Shanxi, China | 43.5 km (27.0 mi) | 2002 | Water supply. | |
High Island Water Tunnels | Sai Kung Peninsula, New Territories, Hong Kong | 40.0 km (24.9 mi) | 1976 | Water supply. | |
Kárahnjúkar Hydropower Plant | Eastern Region, Iceland | 39.7 km (24.7 mi) | 2003-2007 | Hydroelectric. 7.2-7.6 meters in diameter. Part of a wider complex of tunnels that are 72 kilometers in length combined | |
Quabbin Aqueduct | Massachusetts, United States | 39.6 km (24.6 mi) | 1905 | Water supply. | |
Evanger Hydropower Plant | Evanger, Norway | 34.4 km (21.4 mi) | 1977 | Hydroelectric. 30 m2 | |
Talave Tunnel | Albacete, Spain | 31.8 km (19.8 mi) | 1979 | Part of the Tagus-Segura Water Transfer. | |
Evinos - Mornos Tunnel[42][43] | Aetolia-Acarnania, Greece | 29.4 km (18.3 mi) | 1992-1995 | Water supply. | |
Palacio - Río blanco Tunnel[44] | Bogotá, Colombia | 28.4 km (17.6 mi) | 1984 | Water supply. | |
Şanlıurfa Irrigation Tunnels | Turkey | 26.4 km (16.4 mi) | 2005 | Irrigation.[45] | |
Gilgel Gibe II Power Station headrace tunnel | Ethiopia | 26.0 km (16.2 mi) | 2005-2009 | Hydroelectric. Tunnel partially collapsed, was repaired in 2010.[46][47] | |
Tai Lam Chung Tunnels | Tai Lam Chung to Chai Wan Kok, New Territories, Hong Kong | 24.45 km (15.19 mi) | 1957-1974 | Water supply. | |
Grande Dixence headrace tunnel | Switzerland | 24.0 km (14.9 mi) | 1951-2010 | Hydroelectric. Total tunnel system 100 km.[48] | |
Kishanganga Hydroelectric Project | India | 23.20 km[49][50]
(14.4 mi) |
2017 | Hydroelectric. | |
Tala Hydroelectricity Project headrace tunnel | Bhutan | 22.0 km (13.7 mi) | 2004[51] | Hydroelectric. 6.8 meters in diameter. | |
Vorotan-Arpa Tunnel | Armenia | 21.7 km (13.5 mi) | 2004 | Water supply. | |
Plover Cove Stage 1 Tunnels | Plover Cove, New Territories, Hong Kong | 20.2 km (12.6 mi) | 1965-1971 | Water supply. | |
Olmos Transandino Project | Peru | 19.3 km (12.0 mi) | 2011[52] | Water supply. | |
Tatev Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel | Armenia (at the time of construction Soviet Union) |
18.4 km (11.4 mi) | 1970 | Hydroelectric | |
Plover Cove Stage 2 Tunnels | Plover Cove, New Territories, Hong Kong | 18.2 km (11.3 mi) | 1967 | Water supply. | |
Suruç Water Tunnel | Suruç, Şanlıurfa Province, Turkey | 17.2 km (10.7 mi) | 2014[53] | Irrigation. | |
Mavi Tünel (Blue Tunnel)[54] | Konya, Turkey | 17 km (10.6 mi) | 2012 | Irrigation. | |
Sri Ranganayaka Sagar - Kondapochamma Sagar Tunnel[55] | Telangana, India | 16.18 km[56] | 2020 | Part of Link - IV, Package - 12 of Kaleshwaram Lift Irrigation Project. | |
Inguri Hydroelectric Power Station Water Tunnel | Georgia (at the time of construction Soviet Union) |
15.3 km (9.5 mi) | 1978 | Hydroelectric | |
Many more tunnels exist that are shorter than 15 kilometres (9 mi) |
Under construction
Name | Location | Length | Year | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ramappa to Dharmasagar Tunnel[57] | Telangana, India | 49.06 km | 2022 | Part of J. Chokka Rao Devadula lift irrigation sceheme, for Irrigation.[58]
Under construction by Coastal Projects Limited[59] and Irrigation & CAD Department, Government of Telangana | ||
Srisailam Left Bank Canal Tunnel - I[60] | Srisailam Dam, India | 43.931 km (27.3 mi) | 2021[61] | Under construction by Jaypee Group[62] and Irrigation & CAD Department, Government of Telangana | ||
Melamchi Water Tunnel[63] | Nepal, Melamchi to Kathmandu | 26 km (16.2 mi) | 2021[64] | Under construction, financed by Asian Development Bank[citation needed] | ||
Mae Taeng–Mae Ngat Tunnel[65] | Chiang Mai, Thailand | 25.624 km (15.9 mi) | 2021 | 4.00 m in diameter | ||
Mae Ngat–Mae Kuang Tunnel[65] | Chiang Mai, Thailand | 22.975 km (14.3 mi) | 2021 | 4.20 m in diameter | ||
Poola Subbaiah Veligonda Project Tunnel - II[66] | Andhra Pradesh, India | 18.83 km
(11.70 mi) |
2021 | Part of Veligonda Project
Under construction by Coastal Projects Limited[59] | ||
Poola Subbaiah Veligonda Project Tunnel - I[66] | Andhra Pradesh, India | 18.82 km
(11.69 mi) |
2020[needs update][67] | Part of Veligonda Project
Under construction by Coastal Projects Limited[59] | ||
Many more tunnels that are shorter than 15 kilometres (9 mi) are under construction |
Note: There are buried oil and gas pipelines, up to several thousand kilometers long. See also:
Bicycle and pedestrian
Name | Location | Length | Trail |
---|---|---|---|
Snoqualmie Tunnel | King and Kittitas Counties, WA, United States | 3,625 m (11,893 ft)[68] | Palouse to Cascades State Park Trail |
Fyllingsdalstunellen | Bergen, Norway | 2,900 m (9,514 ft)[69] | Fyllingsdalen to Bergen City Center |
St. Paul Pass Tunnel | Montana and Idaho, United States | 2,736 m (8,976 ft) | The Route of the Hiawatha |
Slavošovský tunel | Slavošovce, Košický kraj, Slovakia | 2,400 m (7,874 ft) | Slavošovce to Revúca blue Trail number 2589 |
Gihon Tunnel | Jerusalem, Israel | 2,100 m (6,890 ft)[70] | Jerusalem Bicycle Trails |
Sideling Hill Tunnel | Fulton County, PA, United States | 2,067 m (6,781 ft) | Pike 2 Bike Trail |
Combe Down Tunnel | Bath, England, United Kingdom | 1,672 m (5,486 ft) | Two Tunnels Greenway |
Tunnel du Bois Clair | Sologny, France | 1,600 m (5,249 ft) | Voie Verte de Bourgogne du Sud (Chalon-sur-Saône to Mâcon) |
Niwärch Stollen | Ausserberg, Valais, Switzerland | 1,379 m (4,524 ft) | Niwärch Bisse |
Claudius Crozet Blue Ridge Tunnel | Nelson/Augusta County, VA, United States | 1,291 m (4,237 ft) | Claudius Crozet Blue Ridge Tunnel Trail |
Norwalk Tunnel | Elroy, Sparta, Wisconsin, United States | 1,161 m (3,809 ft) | Elroy-Sparta State Trail |
Wassertunnel Gredetschtal | Mund, Switzerland | 1,120 m (3,675 ft) | Wyssa Suonen Trail |
Karangahake Tunnel | Waihi, New Zealand | 1,086 m (3,563 ft) | Hauraki Rail Trail |
Rays Hill Tunnel | Bedford & Fulton Counties, PA, United States | 1,076 m (3,530 ft) | Pike 2 Bike Trail |
Bonassola Pastorelli Tunnel | Bonassola, Italy | 1,036 m (3,399 ft) | Pista Ciclopedonale Maremonti |
Kennerdell Tunnel | Venango County, PA, United States | 1,021 m (3,350 ft) | Erie to Pittsburgh Trail |
Big Savage Tunnel | Somerset County, PA, United States | 1,004 m (3,294 ft) | Great Allegheny Passage |
Sewerage
Power
- London Power Tunnels
- Azabu-Hibiya Common Utility Duct
Gas
Mined
This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (December 2021) |
See also
- List of long railway tunnels in China
- List of long road tunnels in China
- List of longest bridges in the world
- List of tunnels
- List of longest tunnels
- Tunnel
Notes
- ^ previous name is Daxiangling Tunnel
References
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- ^ Nicolas Janberg, Chief Editor (2014-07-22). "Guadarrama Tunnel (Segovia, 2007) | Structurae". En.structurae.de. Retrieved 2016-02-01.
{{cite web}}
:|author=
has generic name (help) - ^ "Awards: China Shaanxi & Hebei - cn/76 High Speed Railway". 2007-07-06. Archived from the original on 2012-02-08.
- ^ "The first 9 km of the base tunnel completed - Tunnel Euralpin Lyon Turin". Archived from the original on 2019-09-30.
- ^ "SAINT-JEAN-DE-MAURIENNE. Les travaux du Lyon-Turin débutent le 15 janvier".
- ^ "Brenner Basistunnel zur Hälfte ausgebrochen: Baufortschritt läuft nach Plan".
- ^ a b c "Construction of the Ya'an-Nyingchi section of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway started". Seetao. 2020-11-11. Retrieved 2022-01-05.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b "多重解析--DOI注册管理系统--中国知网". doi.cnki.net. doi:10.15961/j.jsuese.202100224. Retrieved 2022-01-05.
- ^ a b c 隧道その他の主要な建造物の概要 (PDF) (in Japanese).
- ^ "广佛环线广州南站至白云机场段环境影响报告书" (PDF). 中铁第四勘察设计院. January 2016. p. 23. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-10-26. Retrieved 2016-01-04.
- ^ "Eröffnung der Koralmbahn verzögert sich bis 2026". 2018-03-23.
- ^ "Semmering-Tunnel kommt ein Jahr später". 3 January 2020.
- ^ "Большая кольцевая линия метро".
- ^ "秦岭终南山隧道建成通车_新闻中心_新浪网". News.sina.com.cn. Retrieved 2016-02-01.
- ^ Shougen Chen (2013). "Journal of Modern Transportation: Key technologies for construction of Jinping traffic tunnel with an extremely deep overburden and a high water pressure". Journal of Modern Transportation. 19 (2): 94–103. doi:10.1007/BF03325746.
- ^ 锦屏水电枢纽工程锦屏山隧道 (in Chinese). Archived from the original on October 7, 2013. Retrieved February 17, 2014.
- ^ "Son dakika... Ovit Tüneli hizmete girdi".
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- ^ "[山西]长平高速公路正式运营". Archived from the original on 16 December 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
- ^ [1] [dead link]
- ^ "西康高速全线贯通 陕西提前两年实现市市通高速 - 新闻频道 - 西部网(陕西新闻网)WWW.CNWEST.COM". News.cnwest.com. 2009-05-28. Archived from the original on 2014-03-16. Retrieved 2016-02-01.
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