Manchester Airport

For other uses, see Manchester Airport (disambiguation).

Manchester Airport
File:Manchester Airport logo.svg
IATA: MAN ICAO: EGCC
Summary
Airport type	Public
Owner	Manchester Airports Group
Operator	Manchester Airport Plc
Location	Ringway, Manchester, Greater Manchester
Elevation AMSL	257 ft / 78 m
Website	www.manchesterairport.co.uk
Map
EGCC Location within Greater Manchester
Runways
Direction Length Surface m ft 05L/23R 3,048 10,000 Concrete / grooved asphalt 05R/23L 3,050 10,007 Concrete / grooved asphalt
Statistics (2010)
Passengers 17,759,015 Passenger change 09-10 5.2% Aircraft Movements 159,114 Movements change 09-10 7.8%
Sources: UK AIP at NATS Statistics from the UK Civil Aviation Authority

Manchester Airport (IATA: MAN, ICAO: EGCC) is a major airport located at Ringway in the City of Manchester within Greater Manchester, UK. In 2010 it was 4th busiest airport in the United Kingdom in terms of passenger numbers, and the busiest airport in the UK outside the London region. It was also the 3rd busiest UK airport in terms of total aircraft movements, and the 24th busiest airport in Europe.

A small part of the airport extends into Cheshire East. The terminals are located 7.5 NM (13.9 km; 8.6 mi) southwest of Manchester city centre. It officially opened on 25 June 1938, and was initially known as Ringway Airport. During World War II it was called RAF Ringway, and from 1975 until 1986 the title was Manchester International Airport.

The airport is owned and managed by the Manchester Airports Group (MAG), which is a holding company owned by the ten metropolitan borough councils of Greater Manchester, with Manchester City Council owning the largest stake and is the largest British-owned airport group. The airport has won awards including World's Best Airport 1995 and Travel Weekly Globe Awards' UK Best Airport 2008.

The airport has two parallel runways, three terminals and a ground transport interchange, including a railway station and is one of only seventeen airports in the world with the highest 'Category 10' rating enabling the airport to handle larger 'Code F' aircraft. From September 2010 the airport is one of only seventeen airports in the world to handle the world's largest passenger plane, the Airbus A380, whilst historically the airport has also regularly handled Concorde and currently houses the British Airways G-BOAC flagship Concorde at the Manchester Runway Visitor Park. Manchester Airport has a CAA Public Use Aerodrome Licence (Number P712) that allows flights for the public transport of passengers and for flying instruction.

History

The first municipally-owned airport at Manchester was Wythenshawe Aerodrome, and from early 1930, Barton Airport.

See also: RAF Ringway

Manchester Airport on its present site originated in mid 1934 when the location was selected to build an airfield. On 25 July 1934, Manchester City Council voted narrowly in favour of the Ringway site as the City's new airport. The site for the planned airport was at the time in the Cheshire parish of Ringway (as it was south of the River Mersey).

Construction was ceremonially started by the Lord Mayor on 28 November 1935 and was completed for civil aviation use by early summer 1938. The airport was officially opened on 25 June 1938 during a public air display that included both civil and RAF aircraft and received its first scheduled flight, a KLM operated Douglas DC-2 from Amsterdam. The airport at this time was called Ringway, named after the parish it lay within. Pre-war, KLM was the only international operator out of Ringway and offered a request stop at Doncaster. 4000 passengers used the airport in 1938 and another 4000 during the first eight months of 1939, before declaration of war brought an end to civil operations.

Construction of a Royal Air Force station commenced in 1939 on the north east edge of the airfield. RAF Ringway was used for both operational flying and training. The main user was No.1 Parachute Training School RAF which trained over 60,000 paratroopers between June 1940 and March 1946. The trainees parachuted over Tatton Park, after receiving permission from land owner, Lord Egerton.

Ringway Airport terminal building, control tower and hangars in September 1939 with a De Havilland Dragon Rapide of Great Western and Southern Airlines

A complex of hangars and assembly sheds on the north west side of the airfield was used by Fairey Aviation for the construction, modification and testing of over 4,000 aircraft. From spring 1939, Avro used the 1938-built main hangar for assembly and testing the prototype Avro Manchester, Avro Lancaster and Avro Lincoln bombers. Three southside hangars were erected in 1942/1943 and used for the assembly of Avro York military transport aircraft.

The advent of heavier aircraft types resulted in the all-grass landing area being badly damaged in wet weather during the winter of 1940/41. The ruts froze during cold weather, damaging the undercarriages of taxying aircraft. Two asphalt runways of 3,000 ft (910 m) length were therefore hastily laid down between June and December 1941. The runways were designated 06/24 and 10/28. The former was lengthened to 4,200 ft (1,300 m) by January 1943 to accommodate the four-engined aircraft using RAF Ringway and the 3,300 ft (1,000 m) Runway 02/20 was constructed. Runways 02/20 and 10/28 ceased to be used by airliners by the mid 1950s but the latter was used by light aircraft for another 30 years. Both are permanently out of use.

Pier B of the 1962 Terminal (now Terminal 1) in summer 1964 showing the angled parking then used and a Dan-Air Douglas Dakota, KLM Vickers Viscount and Dan-Air Airspeed Ambassador. The public viewing terrace on the pier is visible

After the war the airport grew massively. The first trans-atlantic schedule commenced on 28 October 1953, operated by Sabena Belgian World Airlines to New York's Idlewild Airport (now JFK Airport). By 1958 the airport was handling 500,000 passengers annually. Twenty four hour operation was introduced on 1 April 1952. Another main runway extension (from 5,900 ft (1,800 m) to 7000 ft) was opened on 23 April 1958 permitting regular non-stop scheduled flights to North America. Terminal 1 was the airport's first purpose-built post-war terminal and opened in late 1962; Manchester was then the only airport in Europe to have aircraft piers.

In 1972 the airport was renamed "Manchester International Airport" and was designated an "international gateway" in the 1980s. In 1974, a Local Government Review placed the airport entirely within the city of Manchester boundaries in the new metropolitan Greater Manchester area. However, due to constant expansion of the airport it had expanded back in to Cheshire by the early 1980s. The airport has since expanded farther in to Cheshire, mainly due to the second runway being almost entirely within Cheshire.

The main runway was extended to its current length of 10,000 ft (3,000 m), opening on 17 August 1982 to attract long-haul flights from worldwide destinations. In 1988 the airport celebrated its Golden Jubilee and by this time was handling 9.5 million passengers annually. Due to increasing passenger numbers a second terminal was soon needed. In 1993, Terminal 2 and the airport railway station opened, connecting the airport to the national rail network.

Aircraft stands at Terminal 3

In 1997 planning approval was granted for the building of Manchester's "Runway Two", now Runway 23L/05R (the fourth runway to be constructed on the site) and work started the same year. It opened in 2001 at a cost of £172 million and was the first full-length commercial runway to open in the UK for over 20 years. Another milestone was achieved in 2004, when the airport reached 20 million passengers a year. Also that year, the new £60 million integrated public transport interchange was opened (called "The Station"), bringing bus, coach and rail passengers under one roof. Manchester Airport can accept Airbus A380 aircraft, as part of the larger expansion at the airport and is certified as a diversion aerodrome for A380 flights. In March 2010, Emirates announced that they would start daily A380 flights on one of their two daily flights from Manchester to Dubai, the service commenced on 1 September 2010.

On 7 June 2007, at 00:00 UTC (01:00 BST), Manchester Airport's runway assignments were changed in relation to the magnetic compass bearings. The previous headings for the runways were 056° and 236° with assignments 06L/24R and 06R/24L respectively. The new headings for the runways are 054° and 234° with new assignments of 05L/23R and 05R/23L respectively. The signs located on taxiways and entrances to the runway were changed on the evening of the 6 June 2007. The runway designators changed at the same time.

Terminals and destinations

Terminals

Terminal 1 skylink

The airport viewed from the south

Manchester Airport has three passenger terminals (Terminals 1, 2 and 3). Terminals 1 and 2 are linked by the skylink, with travelators to aid passengers with the 10-15 minute walk. Terminal 3 is linked to Terminal 1 and the skylink by a covered walkway. The skylink also connects the terminals to the airport railway station complex (known as "The Station") and the Radisson BLU Hotel.

The airport provides regular direct flights to destinations worldwide by over 60 airlines. North American carriers at Manchester include American Airlines, Continental Airlines, Delta Air Lines and US Airways. The only UK operator serving the USA market is Virgin Atlantic. Airlines serving the Asian market include Air Blue, Emirates, Etihad Airways, Pakistan International Airlines, Qatar Airways and Singapore Airlines. Manchester was an international hub for BMI which offered several destinations from Terminal 3, however the airline withdrew its routes from Manchester to North America and the Caribbean, including to Chicago and Las Vegas during early 2009.

Scheduled airlines with a base at Manchester include Bmibaby, EasyJet, Flybe, Jet2, Monarch Airlines and Virgin Atlantic.

Manchester Airport offers flights to over 190 destinations across the globe and 65 tour operators utilise the facility. Many of Manchester's overseas routes are served by charter flights to holiday destinations, some being seasonal. The proportion of scheduled passengers passing through Manchester has increased from 43% in 1991 to 68% during 2009.

Manchester also offers more destinations than some of the biggest airports in the US, including New York, Chicago and Dallas, although it is still slightly behind the three biggest 'hubs' in the global aviation network - Atlanta, Frankfurt am Main and Amsterdam - which each offer more than 250 destinations. However, Manchester serves more foreign destinations than Atlanta and Frankfurt (but not Amsterdam), although being much smaller in terms of total passengers handled.

Terminal 1

Cyprus airways' airplane A320-200

Terminal 1 handles international traffic and is served by Star Alliance members, scheduled airlines and charter operators. It is also the base for Jet2 and Thomas Cook Airlines, and also Monarch's largest scheduled flight base. The terminal has 29 stands, 15 of which have airbridges. Opened in 1962 by the Duke of Edinburgh with an annual capacity of 2.5 million passengers, the terminal has undergone extensions and renovations since. Terminal 1's current capacity is around 11 million passengers a year.

In summer 2009, a £50 million redevelopment programme for Terminal 1 was completed. As part of the overhaul, which took over 2 years, a new £14 million 14-lane security area opened during April 2008. The terminal's arrivals area has since been revamped with additional catering and retail facilities. Terminal 1's departure lounge has been expanded with a greater choice of shops and restaurants, following the virtual elimination of the landside area, and additional executive lounges have been added. Following the 2007 smoking ban, the indoor ventilated smoking room in the departure lounge was closed, however this was replaced in 2010 by a rooftop smoking terrace to allow passengers to smoke after passing through security. A new boarding area was added to Pier B to accommodate the capacity of the Airbus A380. Emirates operates daily flights to Dubai with the aircraft. Currently, only one Gate at the airport is able to accommodate the aircraft, this is Gate 12. This comes after a proposed terminal re-alignment at the airport, with Terminal 1 becoming the scheduled international terminal. Virgin Atlantic, Etihad Airways and Singapore Airlines have also expressed interest in operating A380 flights out of Manchester.

Terminal 2

Terminal 2 (Emirates has since moved to Terminal 1 due to the use of the Airbus A380)

Terminal 2 is mostly used by SkyTeam airline members and long haul and charter airlines flying to international destinations only. It opened in 1993, handling scheduled European and Intercontinental flights. Some European scheduled airlines such as Air Malta and KLM operate flights from the terminal, whilst charter airline Thomson Airways uses the terminal as a base.

Terminal 2 has 20 gates, of which 14 have airbridges. The design of the terminal makes it capable of extensive expansion; planning permission already exists for an extension providing additional gates, together with the construction of a satellite pier. Terminal 2's current capacity is around 8 million passengers a year, this will be extended to ultimately handle 25 million passengers a year. In 2007, an £11 million project commenced to redevelop Terminal 2 by improving security facilities and enhancing retail and catering services. This has resulted in the elimination of the landside shopping area to allow for an expanded airside departure lounge. The ground level arrivals area has also been redeveloped with improved catering and retail facilities. Like Terminal 1, following the 2007 smoking ban, the indoor ventilated smoking room in the departure lounge was closed, however this was replaced in 2009 by an external smoking area at Gate 300 to allow passengers to smoke after passing through security. The departure lounge also has an unsupervised children's play area at Gate 206. Terminal 2's new upper-level security area opened during July 2008 and the entire terminal redevelopment completed during autumn 2009.

Terminal 2 is not expected to accommodate the Airbus A380. Rather, the terminal is planned to cater mostly for holiday charter flights, with most charter airlines and others due to move there in the immediate future.

Terminal 3

American Airlines aircraft at Terminal 3

Terminal 3 was known in succession as "Terminal 1 - British Airways", "Terminal 1A" and "Terminal 3 - British Airways and Domestic". It was opened by Diana, Princess of Wales in May 1989. In June 1998, British Airways opened their new £75 million terminal facility designed by Grimshaw Architects, a major extension to Terminal 3, and were the primary user of the terminal along with their partner airlines. However, more recently they have scaled down operations from Manchester Airport with the sale of their BA Connect subsidiary to Flybe; the ending of their franchise agreement with GB Airways and the retraction of their daily New York-JFK service in October 2008, after 54 years of operation. This leaves a BA operation serving only London Heathrow and London Gatwick from Manchester.

After taking over BA Connect's select routes, Flybe has gone on to add several more destinations. Today, Flybe, Bmibaby, BMI and EasyJet are the major operators at Terminal 3 however Bmibaby will close its base at Manchester in October 2011, leaving it with just a 6x weekly service to Belfast-City, but will still operate from Terminal 3. Other carriers operating from the terminal include Air France, Air Southwest, American Airlines, Brussels Airlines and Adria Airways.

Airlines and destinations

The first Airbus A380 to land at Manchester Airport, 1st September 2010

A Thomas Cook Airlines Boeing 757-200 taxiing to the gate.

A Monarch Airbus A321-200 takes off

File:EasyyjetMAN.JPG

An EasyJet Airbus A320-200 taxiing to the gate.

A Continental Airlines Boeing 757-200 taxiing to the gate

A Thomson Airways Boeing 737-800 takes off.

A Ryanair Boeing 737-800 taxiing.

Airlines	Destinations	Terminal
Adria Airways	Seasonal: Ljubljana	3
Aer Arann	Galway, Kerry, Waterford Charter: Dublin	1
Aer Lingus	Dublin	1
Aer Lingus Regional operated by Aer Arann	Cork, Shannon	1
Air Berlin	Paderborn/Lippstadt	1
Air France	Paris-Charles de Gaulle	3
Air France operated by Régional	Paris-Charles de Gaulle	3
Air France operated by Cityjet	Antwerp	3
Air Malta	Malta	2
Air Southwest	Newquay, Plymouth	3
Air Transat	Toronto-Pearson, Calgary	1
Airblue	Islamabad	2
American Airlines	Chicago-O'Hare, New York-JFK	3
Astraeus Airlines	Seasonal: Chambéry	1
Aurigny Air Services	Guernsey	1
Austrian Airlines	Innsbruck	1
BH Air	Bourgas, Dubrovnik, Plovdiv, Sofia, Varna	1
Belavia	Seasonal: Minsk	2
BMI	Basel/Mulhouse, Frankfurt, London-Heathrow Seasonal: Dalaman, Fuerteventura, Geneva, Jeddah, Kefallinia, Nice	1 3
Bmibaby	Belfast-City, Bordeaux [ends 10 September], Jersey [ends 29 October], Knock [ends 30 October], Lisbon [ends 29 October], Lourdes [ends 3 October], Montpellier [begins 2 July; ends 10 September], Newquay [ends 28 October], Palma de Mallorca [ends 27 October], Perpignan [ends 11 September], Prague [ends 30 October], Toulouse [ends 11 September]	3
BMI Regional	Aberdeen, Edinburgh, London-Heathrow , Lyon, Southampton Seasonal: Farnbourgh, Milan-Malpensa	3
British Airways	London-Gatwick, London-Heathrow Charter: Cagliari	3
British Airways operated by Sun Air of Scandinavia	Billund	3
BA CityFlyer	Seasonal Charter: Ibiza, Malaga, Palma de Mallorca	3
Brussels Airlines	Brussels	3
City Airline	Gothenburg-Landvetter	1
CityJet	Antwerp, Dublin	3
Continental Airlines	Newark	2
Croatia Airlines	Zagreb Seasonal: Pula	2
Cyprus Airways	Larnaca, Paphos	1
Delta Air Lines	New York-JFK [ends 11 September] Seasonal: Atlanta	2
Dubrovnik Airline	Dubrovnik	1
EasyJet	Alicante, Amsterdam, Athens, Bastia, Belfast-International [begins 31 October], Berlin-Schönefeld [begins 3 October], Bilbao [begins 17 June], Copenhagen, Corfu, Dalaman, Geneva, Gothenburg-Landvetter, Hamburg, Heraklion, Madrid [begins 2 November], Málaga, Malta, Marrakech, Menorca, Munich, Palma de Mallorca, Paphos, Sharm el-Sheikh, Sofia, Tenerife-South, Zürich	3
EasyJet Switzerland	Geneva	3
Emirates	Dubai	1
Etihad Airways	Abu Dhabi	1
Finnair	Helsinki	1
Flybe	Aberdeen, Avignon, Belfast-City, Bergerac, Brussels, Düsseldorf, Edinburgh, Exeter, Frankfurt, Geneva, Glasgow-International, Hanover, Inverness, Isle of Man, Jersey, La Rochelle, Limoges, Milan-Malpensa, Nantes, Norwich, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Southampton Seasonal: Berne, Brest, Derry, Rennes	3
Fly Hellas	Athens, Larnaca, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Thessalonika Seasonal: Corfu, Kos, Preveza, Rhodes Seasonal Charter: Bourgas, Heraklion, Kalamata, Sharm el-Sheik, Skiathos, Zakynthos	2
Germanwings	Cologne/Bonn	1
Holidays Czech Airlines	Seasonal Charter: Palma de Mallorca	2
Iberworld	Seasonal Charter: Palma de Mallorca	1
Icelandair	Reykjavík-Keflavík	1
Jazz Canada operated by Thomas Cook	Calgary	1
Jet2	Alicante, Barcelona [begins 28 March 2012], Budapest, Lanzarote, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Murcia, Prague, Rome-Fiumicino, Tenerife-South, Tel Aviv, Venice-Marco Polo Seasonal:Bodrum, Brive, Chambéry, Dalaman, Dubrovnik, Faro, Funchal, Geneva, Heraklion, Ibiza, Kos, Larnaca, Málaga, Nice, Palma de Mallorca, Pisa, Paphos, Olbia, Reus, Rhodes, Rovaniemi, Salzburg, Split	1
KLM	Amsterdam	2
KLM operated by KLM Cityhopper	Amsterdam	2
Libyan Airlines	Tripoli [suspended until further notice]	1
Lufthansa	Düsseldorf, Frankfurt, Munich	1
Lufthansa Regional operated by Eurowings	Düsseldorf, Hamburg	1
Lufthansa Regional operated by Lufthansa CityLine	Düsseldorf, Hamburg, Munich, Stuttgart	1
Lufthansa operated by Contact Air	Stuttgart	1
Monarch	Scheduled: Alicante, Almería, Barcelona, Faro, Fuerteventura, Lanzarote, Larnaca, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Málaga, Palma de Mallorca, Tenerife-South Scheduled Seasonal: Antalya, Bodrum, Dalaman [begins 3 May], Gibraltar, Ibiza, Minorca, Paphos, Sharm el Sheikh [begins 3 May] Chartered Seasonal: Burgas, Cancún, Chania, Corfu, Dalaman [ends 31 October], Dubrovnik, Geneva, Goa, Grenoble, Kefalonia, Kos, Luxor, Mombasa, Mytilene, Orlando-Sanford, Preveza, Rhodes, Salzburg, Sharm el Sheikh [ends 30 October], Skiathos, Sofia, Tenerife-South, Zakynthos	1
Neos	Seasonal: Marseille	2
Onur Air	Seasonal: Antalya, Bodrum, Dalaman	2
Pakistan International Airlines	Islamabad, Karachi, Lahore, New York-JFK	2
Pegasus Airlines	Antalya, Dalaman, Ercan	1
Qatar Airways	Doha	2
Ryanair	Alicante, Dublin, Faro, Madrid, Palma de Mallorca, Tenerife-South	2
Sardator Holidays operated by BA CityFlyer	Cagliari	3
SATA International	Ponta Delgada	1
Scandinavian Airlines	Copenhagen, Oslo-Gardermoen, Stockholm-Arlanda	1
Singapore Airlines	Munich, Singapore	2
Strategic Airlines	Corfu, Heraklion, Kos, Rhodes, Skiathos, Thessalonika, Zakynthos	2
Swiss International Air Lines	Zürich	1
Swiss operated by Swiss European Air Lines	Seasonal: Geneva	1
TAP Portugal	Lisbon	1
Titan Airways	Cagliari Seasonal: Chambéry, Poznan	1
Thomas Cook Airlines Scandinavia	Seasonal: Malmo	1
Thomas Cook Airlines	Alicante, Antalya, Calgary, Cancún, Cayo Coco, Dalaman, Faro, Funchal, Fuerteventura, Holguin, Hurghada, Lanzarote, as Palmas de Gran Canaria, Luxor, Málaga, Malta, Monastir, Montego Bay, Paphos, Puerto Plata, Punta Cana, Sharm el-Sheikh, Tenerife-South, Toronto-Pearson, Vancouver, Varadero Seasonal: Acapulco, Agadir, Almería, Barbados, Banjul, Boa Vista [begins 4 November], Bodrum, Burgas, Corfu, Heraklion, Ibiza, Lleida-Alguaire, Izmir, Kalamata, Kefalonia, Kos, Larnaca, Las Vegas, Marsa Alam, Minorca, Naples, Orlando-Sanford, Palma de Mallorca, Preveza, Reus, Rhodes, Rimini, Rovaniemi, Santa Clara, Santorini, Skiathos, Sofia, Thessaloniki, Turin, Zakynthos	1
Thomson Airways	Agadir, Alicante, Boa Vista, Cancún, Fuerteventura, Funchal, Hurghada, Lanzarote, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Luxor, Málaga, Malé, Malta, Marrakech, Monastir, Montego Bay, Orlando-Sanford, Palma de Mallorca, Paphos, Puerto Plata, Punta Cana, Sal, Santa Cruz de la Palma, Sharm el-Sheikh, Taba, Tenerife-South, Varadero Seasonal: Antalya, Aruba, Bodrum, Burgas, Catania, Chania, Corfu, Dalaman, Dubrovnik, Faro, Girona, Heraklion, Holguin, Ibiza, Izmir, Kalamata, Kavala, Kefalonia, Kos, Larnaca, La Romana, Marsa Alam, Mersa Matruh, Minorca, Mombasa, Mykonos, Mytilene, Naples, New Orleans, Pisa, Preveza, Pula, Reus, Rhodes, Samos, Santorini, Skiathos, Thessaloniki, Venice-Marco Polo, Verona, Zakynthos	2
Tor Air	Chania, Preveza, Corfu, Kos, Gothenburg	2
Turkish Airlines	Istanbul-Atatürk	1
Tunisair	Monastir	2
US Airways	Philadelphia	2
Virgin Atlantic Airways	Barbados, Las Vegas, Orlando	2

World Freight Terminal

Antonov An-225 at Manchester Airport in 2006

Manchester Airport has a World Freight Terminal, served by 10 cargo-only freighter services and by civil airlines carrying cargo on passenger flights. There is 550,000 sq ft (51,000 m²) of warehouse and office space on site, this includes a chiller unit for frozen products and a border inspection post. There are three aircraft maintenance hangars, with five transit sheds. These are operated by: British Airways Regional Cargo, Swissport Cargo, Menzies World Cargo, Plane Handling and Servisair. There are over 100 freight forwarding companies on site.

During 2006, 150,300 tonnes of cargo and mail were handled at Manchester, a small increase of 0.4% over the previous year (per CAA annual statistics table 2.2). Cargo growth sharply increased towards the third and fourth quarters of 2007, with October of that year setting a new record of tonnage passing through Manchester, with 16,326 tonnes being handled in the month. The twelve-month annual total to end December 2007 of 166,500 tonnes was 10.4% ahead of the previous year.

The 12 month rolling cargo total to March 2009 was 127,300 tonnes, a 25.0% reduction on the previous comparable 12 months, reflecting withdrawal from Manchester of MNG and Aeroflot and direct Fedex services to the USA, together with lower tonnages carried by other airlines. Fedex currently (June 2009) operate only feeder flights in a European network.

Manchester's two biggest cargo markets are the Far East and North America. The Far East is predominantly a source of import cargo for the airport and Norh America is a key destination for exports. The main cargo destination from Manchester is Hong Kong, with Cathay Pacific making a total of 12 freighter round trips every week. On average each day the airport handles about 4 Boeing 747 freighter flights.

By 2015 the total figure for cargo handled was expected to be around 250,000 tonnes per year, approximately double today's actual level.

Cargo airlines

A Cathay Pacific Cargo Boeing 747-400 taxiing to parking.

Airlines	Destinations
Cathay Pacific Cargo	Amsterdam, Brussels, Dubai, Hong Kong, Milan-Malpensa
China Airlines Cargo	Abu Dhabi, Delhi, Luxembourg, Taipei-Taoyuan
FedEx Express operated by Air Contractors	Dublin, Glasgow-International, Liège, London-Stansted, Paris-Charles de Gaulle
Great Wall Airlines	Amsterdam, Shanghai-Pudong
Lufthansa Cargo	Dallas/Fort Worth, Chicago-O'Hare, Frankfurt, New York-JFK
Cargolux	Luxembourg

Operations and statistics

Passenger numbers

	Number of Passengers	Number of Movements	Freight (tonnes)
1997	15,948,454	147,405	94,318
1998	17,351,162	162,906	100,099
1999	17,577,765	169,941	107,803
2000	18,568,709	178,468	116,602
2001	19,307,011	182,097	106,406
2002	18,809,185	177,545	113,279
2003	19,699,256	191,518	122,639
2004	21,249,841	208,493	149,181
2005	22,402,856	217,987	147,484
2006	22,422,855	229,729	148,957
2007	22,112,625	222,703	165,366
2008	21,219,195	204,610	141,781
2009	18,724,889	172,515	102,543
2010	17,759,015	147,032	115,922
Source: United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority

Manchester is the fourth busiest airport in the UK and the biggest outside of London, in terms of annual passenger throughput.

Busiest Routes

Busiest International Routes to and from Manchester Airport (2010) Rank Airport Passengers handled % Change 2009 / 10 1 Tenerife South 596,912 2.6 2 Dubai 565,575 8.4 3 Dalaman 559,875 13.5 4 Dublin 551,285 15.9 5 Palma de Mallorca 500,814 11.9 6 Alicante 449,554 8.1 7 Sharm el-Sheikh 442,817 9.8 8 Paris Charles de Gaulle 441,341 0.7 9 Amsterdam 437,279 7.0 10 Málaga 395,906 26.0 11 Orlando International 365,893 3.8 12 Frankfurt 329,973 0.2 13 Lanzarote 313,534 4.8 14 Munich 286,985 70.3 15 Faro 279,076 15.8 16 Zurich 256,423 23.0 17 Bodrum 255,003 8.2 18 Larnaca 252,157 2.6 19 Paphos 250,569 7.9 20 Copenhagen 211,588 28.9 The airport's long range plan, published in July 2006, forecasts that passenger numbers will increase to approximately 38 million passengers annually by 2015. This would require an average annual growth rate from 2009 to 2015 of 17.2% and a sharp recovery from the reductions during the two years to December 2009. Further growth is postulated to 50 million by 2030. In 2010 17.8 million passengers used the airport, a reduction of 5.2% compared with 2009 and below the 2000 total. There were 159,114 aircraft movements during the year, the third highest in the UK. Maintenance bases Manchester Airport is the home to the engineering bases of Thomas Cook Airlines and Monarch Airlines. As well as their own aircraft, the airport regularly sees foreign visitors and special movements visiting for engineering work. Also, Air Livery have recently opened a new facility, with repaint facilities catering for aircraft up to the size of a Boeing 747-400. Runways Manchester Airport has two parallel runways, one 3,048 m (10,000 ft) and the other 3,050 m (10,007 ft) in length. The original main runway, then designated 06/24 and initially 3,300 ft (1,006 m) in length, dates back to 1941 when the airport was used as an RAF base and a military aircraft assembly centre. It was extended in stages from 1952, reaching its current length in 1981 to attract long-haul international traffic. As demand and aircraft movements both increased during the mid-1990s, mainly due to the newly completed Terminal 2, the airport studied the option of a second full-length runway. A consultation process began and planning permission was approved in 1997, with construction work starting the same year. The second runway, initially designated 06R/24L, opened in February 2001 at a cost of £172 million, and was the first full-length commercial runway to open in Britain for over 20 years. The site where the second runway was constructed was on the southern airfield boundary, which is near the village of Styal in the Cheshire countryside. The project was deemed controversial because of the destruction of natural wildlife habitats and because of the added flight paths which lead to and from the second runway. This results in aircraft flying low over the residential areas of Knutsford and Stockport when landing or taking off, in particular landing aircraft which do not follow 'Preferred Noise Routes'. For the latter reason, Runway 2 cannot legally be used between the hours of 10pm and 6am. However, the airport has permission to use Runway 2 between these hours if maintenance work is needed on the original runway. During the quieter off-peak times which occur during the day, the airport reverts to single runway operations, where the original runway, 05L/23R, is used to accommodate both landing aircraft and those taking off. On some occasions when the airport is not busy, air traffic control can authorise light to medium aircraft to takeoff from the halfway point of the runway. Runway 05R/23L is non-active during this time (10.30am-4pm and 8pm-6.30am) with fewer local residential areas being affected by the operation of only one runway. Security Manchester Airport is policed by the Greater Manchester Police. Several security-related incidents have occurred at the airport in recent years. In 2002, a security firm successfully smuggled fake explosives, detonators and genuine firearms onto a flight. In 2004, the BBC's Whistleblower programme revealed security failures at the airport, including faulty metal detectors and a lack of regular random baggage checks. In 2005, police used a taser on a man spotted acting suspiciously, on the apron, after he appeared to resist arrest. On 6 June 2006, Aabid Hussain Khan, 21, of West Yorkshire and a 16-year-old boy were arrested at the airport and later charged under Section 57 of the Terrorism Act, for conspiracy to murder and conspiracy to cause public nuisance by using poisons or explosives. Ground transport TransPennine Express Class 185 arriving at Manchester Airport Railway Station Rail Manchester Airport railway station, opened in May 1993, forms part of The Station and is located between Terminals 1 and 2. It is linked to the terminals using a Skylink moving walkway. Trains are operated either by Northern Rail or TransPennine Express and connect the airport to Manchester Piccadilly Station and other railway stations mainly throughout northern England, including Wigan and Southport, but some trains come from as far as Edinburgh. A third rail platform was completed in December 2008 to allow for an increase in rail capacity. There has also been a proposal to link the Manchester-to-Manchester-Airport line to the Chester to Stockport line, which would allow faster trains between the airport and parts of Cheshire, Merseyside and North Wales. Since that proposal was put forward, little has materialised. However, the rail link could still be built and was mentioned as a possible future development in the long term by Network Rail in March 2009. Bus and coach The Station is the airport's ground transport interchange and brings bus, coach and rail passengers under one roof. Over 300 trains, 100 coaches and 500 buses a day use the facility. Buses serve many locations throughout Greater Manchester, including the 24-hour bus service Skyline (service 43), which runs every 10 minutes (every 30 minutes at night) to Manchester city centre via Wythenshawe, Northenden, Withington, Fallowfield and Rusholme. There is also Skyline (service 19) operating every hour to Altrincham via Wythenshawe and Sale. A network of National Express coach services serve Manchester Airport and operate to destinations further afield, including as far as Dublin. The bus and coach services that use the bus station and its Stand Letter are: (Places in bold are where services terminate) No. Operator Destination Stand Bus services 18 Arriva North West The Trafford Centre via Wythenshawe, Sale and Stretford D Altrincham via Hale K 19 Arriva North West Altrincham via Wythenshawe, Sale and Ashton-upon-Mersey G 43 Stagecoach Manchester Manchester Piccadilly via Wythenshawe, Northenden, West Didsbury, Withington and Fallowfield E 44 Hayton's Coaches Manchester Piccadilly via Gatley, Cheadle, East Didsbury, Withington and Fallowfield D Manchester Airport Cargo Centre K 105 Stagecoach Manchester Manchester Piccadilly via Wythenshawe, Northenden, Southern Cemetery and Moss Side F 199 Trent Barton Buxton via Stockport, Hazel Grove and Chapel-en-le-Frith J 200 Swan's Travel Wilmslow via Styal H Manchester Airport Viewing Park J 369 Stagecoach Manchester Stockport via Wythenshawe, Heald Green, Cheadle Hulme and Adswood H X69 Stagecoach Manchester Stockport via Heald Green, Cheadle Hulme and Adswood (one late night journey only) H Coach services 060 National Express Liverpool via M62 motorway B Leeds via Manchester and Bradford (some) C 325 National Express Birmingham via Stoke-on-Trent and Wolverhampton A Manchester Chorlton Street Coach Station C 328 National Express Plymouth via Wolverhampton, Birmingham and Bristol A Rochdale via Manchester and Oldham C 333 National Express Bournemouth via Stoke-on-Trent and Bristol A Blackpool via Manchester, Bolton and Preston B 336 National Express Penzance via Stoke-on-Trent and Bristol A Edinburgh via Preston, Lancaster and Glasgow B 341 National Express Birmingham via Wolverhampton A Burnley via Manchester, Bolton and Blackburn B 350 National Express Liverpool B Clacton via Sheffield, Nottingham, Leicester and Ipswich C 380 National Express Bangor via Liverpool B Newcastle-upon-Tyne via Manchester, Oldham (some), Bradford (some), Leeds, York and Middlesbrough C 381 National Express Chester B Newcastle-upon-Tyne via Manchester, Oldham, Bradford and Leeds C 383 National Express Edinburgh via Manchester, Oldham, Bradford, Leeds and Newcastle-upon-Tyne C 422 National Express London Victoria Coach Station via Birmingham A Burnley via Manchester, Bolton and Blackburn B 538 National Express Coventry via Stoke-on-Trent, Wolverhampton and Birmingham A Inverness via Manchester, Preston, Glasgow and Aberdeen B 540 National Express London Victoria Coach Station via M6 motorway A Colne via Bolton, Blackburn and Burnley B 880 Eurolines Dublin via Liverpool and Holyhead B Road The airport is a 20 minute drive from Manchester city centre and is reached by the M56 motorway, with a dedicated approach road from the motorway at junction 5. The M56 is the main route used by traffic to reach the airport. There are also minor local roads serving the airport from the north (Wythenshawe) and the east (Heald Green). The M56/A538 road junction serves the World Freight Terminal, to the west of the airport. The A538 runs east-west serving the local towns of Altrincham and Wilmslow. Taxi ranks are situated by arrivals at all three terminals. Passengers driving to the airport can use the drop-off areas outside the terminal buildings, but when picking up passengers the airport requires that they park in the short stay car parks provided for a fee. Long stay car parks are situated both on and off site. Parking The airport's official short-stay car parking can be found in the multi-storey car parks adjacent to Terminals 1, 2 and 3. In July 2007 the airport introduced a 'No Waiting' restriction on all access roads surrounding the terminals. This was a direct result of the 2007 Glasgow International Airport attack and so all pick-ups must take place by using the short-stay car parks. In 2009/2010 Terminal 1's multi-storey car park was refurbished. Each level of the car park is colour coded. The floor, walls, ceiling and supports have all received a repaint with every parking space having a sensor and green light above it, with empty parking bays indicated by the green light. Official long-stay on-airport parking from Manchester Airport is located near the terminals and serviced by a regular courtesy bus. There is one long-stay car park serving Terminals 1 and 3, and a separate dedicated long-stay car park for Terminal 2. In 2009, the airport opened JetParks - two long-stay car parks less than a mile from the terminals. This is a cheaper alternative to the on-site car parks and is serviced by a 24-hour shuttle bus every 15 minutes. The airport also operates a Shuttle Park for long-stay car parking, which is also served by a regular courtesy bus, and is located just off the airport site to the east of Terminal 3. There are several privately operated car parks within a short distance of the airport, served by shuttle bus. Tram The Manchester Metrolink light rail system has had plans to extend to the airport for many years. When the idea of a congestion charge was mooted, part of the scheme was to have extended the Metrolink to the airport. However, when this was rejected the future of the scheme was in doubt. In 2009, it was announced that the line to the airport will finally be built. The airport line will be one spur of the line from St. Werburgh's Road, to East Didsbury and Manchester Airport. The Metrolink line is due to open in 2012 and Manchester Airport's tram station is due to open in 2016. Future airport expansion As part of the Government's 'The Future of Air Transport' White Paper, Manchester Airport published its master plan on its proposed expansion up until 2030. Demolition of older buildings, such as old storage buildings, the old Alpha Catering Building and Males Garage, to the east of Terminal 3 has already begun. This is to make way for a new apron and taxiway towards runway 05L/23R, and an eastwards extension of Terminal 3, which is planned to provide an extra fifteen covered stands. A full-length parallel taxiway may also be added to the second runway and more crossing points added across the first runway to improve ground movements of aircraft. Passenger flow on Terminal 1's gating piers is due to be realigned, with plans to redesign the piers such that departures and arrivals do not contraflow on the same level, allowing for larger seating areas at the gates, express retail outlets and a dedicated lounge and gating area for future Airbus A380 flights. Currently, Gate 12, Pier B has been upgraded to accommodate the A380, the only gate at the airport capable of handling this aircraft so far. An early phase of this has seen the removal of the South Bay remote aircraft stands, constructed in 1962, and situated between taxiways Juliet and Kilo and as a consequence the more recent re-alignment of taxiway Juliet into an extended taxiway Bravo. Terminal 2 is due to receive a major extension, to encompass current remote stands to the west. A satellite terminal is also projected for Terminal 2. Between twelve and fifteen covered aircraft stands will be made available by this. An air side link for transferring passengers between Terminals 1 and 2 is at the planning stage, designed in an effort to boost Manchester's chances of becoming a major hub airport and minimize missed connections. All terminals have undergone a retail and airport security refurbishment programme, completed in summer 2009. The security control areas have new X-ray machines and passenger authenticity control systems, which will ensure a higher and faster passenger throughput, whilst improving the security at the airport. In Terminal 1, the security area has been increased to 14 lanes, from the prior 6-lane flow. The new security control areas are now in operation in all terminals. Terminal 2's security zone is now located on a newly constructed upper level, whilst Terminal 1's security zone has been moved closer to the check-in zones. Consequently, the land side retail shopping concourse before security has been removed in both terminals, to accommodate the expanded two-zone air-side departure area, which directs passengers through large duty-free shopping areas as they move from the zone 1 shopping areas immediately after security to zone 2, the food courts and gates. The new terminal layouts allow an increase in passenger numbers and a quicker, easier flow of passenger movement. Terminal 3 acquired an extra security control area in November 2007, located near check-in zone C. This was dedicated to passengers traveling to CTA destinations. In January 2008, the usage was extended to all Terminal 3 passengers, with the exception of those destined for Frankfurt, Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport and Brussels. This new security control area is now used for all departures from Terminal 3; the old security area has now closed and the area which it once covered has been transformed into an airside seating/waiting area in the Terminal 3 departure lounge. On 27 April 2008, it was announced that the Manchester Airports Group (MAG), which owns Manchester Airport and the regional airports at East Midlands and Bournemouth, planned to sell its majority stake of 87% in the smaller Humberside Airport, which it has run since 1999. The money raised from the sale would go into developments and expansion at its other airports, a large proportion of which will most probably be used to fund the above expansion of Manchester. However, this decision was later revised, and MAG decided to keep Humberside for the immediate future. Criticism Between 1997 and 1999 three protest camps were set up to oppose the building of the second runway, the felling of nearby trees on land owned by the National Trust in Styal, Cheshire and air transportation in general. Camps were set up in Flywood, Arthur's Wood and Cedar's Wood. Swampy, a well known activist, was among many protesters. Manchester Airport's second runway was built on 100 acres (0.4 km2) of greenbelt land. Four Grade II listed buildings were taken down and were re-constructed nearby, and over £20m was spent on environmental restoration and protection. Nonetheless, there is criticism that natural habitats were destroyed. The south west end of the new runway is closer to the town of Knutsford and to the village of Mobberley. There has been an increase in noise experienced by local residents from the aircraft being lower and closer and home owners have not been compensated by the airport. In 2007 Manchester Airport wanted to build on further green belt land in Styal in order to increase its car parking. However, the former Macclesfield Borough Council refused to give them planning permission to do so and expressed annoyance at the airport for not investing enough in public transport. Macclesfield Borough Council have said that they would consider giving planning permission for a new car park on brownfield land. The airport did not make another application, despite claims that the number of parking spaces was insufficient for the number of passengers. Despite public concerns about privacy and health risks, Manchester airport has introduced full-body X-ray scanners in all terminals. Under Department for Transport regulations these scans are now compulsory for all passengers who are selected to undergo the scan. Passengers who object to the scans will not be allowed to fly. Incidents and accidents On 27 March 1951, a Douglas C-47A-75-DL Dakota 3 cargo aircraft operated by Air Transport Charter and en route to Nutts Corner Airport, Antrim, Northern Ireland, crashed at Heyhead shortly after take-off from Runway 06, following the aircraft's failure to gain height. There were four fatalities - two of the three crew on board and two of the three passengers. The subsequent investigation found that the crash resulted from a loss of engine power, caused by ice formation in the carburetor intakes, attributable to the captain's failure to make use of the heat controls. An extended undercarriage and the presence of snow on the wings may have also been contributory factors. On 14 March 1957, British European Airways Flight "Bealine 411" operated by Vickers Viscount 701 (Registration G-ALWE) inbound from Amsterdam crashed into houses in Shadow Moss Road, Woodhouse Park. The aircraft was on final approach to Runway 24 at Manchester Airport, and the crash was due to a flap failure, caused by fatigue of a wing bolt. All 20 occupants on board died, as did two on the ground. On 4 June 1967 – Stockport Air Disaster – British Midland Airways Canadair C-4 Argonaut (Registration G-ALHG) was inbound from Palma and crashed near the centre of Stockport after loss of engine power due to fuel problems and an aborted approach to Manchester Airport, with 72 fatalities. On 20 March 1969, Vickers Viscount G-AVJA of British Midland Airways crashed on take-off. Three of the four people on board were killed. On 22 August 1985 – British Airtours Flight 28M - an engine failed during take-off from Runway 24, the fire spreading into the cabin, resulting in 55 fatalities aboard the Boeing 737-236 Advanced G-BGJL. The uncontained engine failure was later traced to an incorrectly repaired combustor causing the turbine disc to shatter and puncture the wing fuel tanks. 16 July 2003 – Excel Airways Boeing 737-800 (Registration G-XLAG) with 190 passengers and seven crew took off from Manchester Airport while vehicles were working near the end of the runway. Despite the crew being told the runway was operating at reduced length, they took off from a runway intersection with reduced length using a reduced thrust setting calculated for the assumed normal runway length. The aircraft lifted off over the vehicles, missing them by 56 ft (17 m), according to the UK Air Accidents Investigation Branch report. Six safety recommendations were made. Concorde, now in her hangar at the Aviation Viewing Park Public attractions Manchester Airport has created public viewing areas since the airport opened to the public in 1938. The 1960/1970s pier-top facilities have been closed because of security concerns. In May 1992, an official "Aviation Viewing Park" (AVP) was created just off the A538 road on the south-western side of the airfield. This was relocated to the western side of the airfield in May 1997 to allow construction of the second runway. Renamed the "Runway Visitor Park" in June 2010, the facility is regarded as providing the best official viewing facilities for aircraft spotting at any major UK airport. Visitors can view aircraft taking off and landing from both runways, as well as aircraft taxiing to and from the runways. The attraction now draws around 250,000 visitors a year and is one of the North-West of England's top 10 attractions. The visitor park also has a cafe and a shop selling aviation related items. Aircraft on display are: ex-British European Airways Hawker Siddeley Trident 3B preserved at the Aviation Viewing Park. Delivered new in 1971, G-AWZK flew for BEA and British Airways, retiring in 1985. G-BOAC, a retired British Airways Concorde, once the flagship of the airline's seven-strong Concorde fleet. The project to build a hangar for the jet was delayed due to the discovery of protected Great Crested Newts on the site, which the airport is under obligation to rehouse at their own expense. The aircraft was moved into the hangar on 13 January 2009. The last airliner to be built in the UK, BAE Systems Avro RJX G-IRJX. The forward fuselage of Monarch Airlines Douglas DC-10 G-DMCA, which was retired in 2002. One of only two preserved Hawker Siddeley Trident 3B aircraft, G-AWZK in full BEA livery. A former RAF Nimrod aircraft, new for 2010. Level 13 of the short-stay car park at Terminal 1 features another viewing location, popular with spotters for the last 32 years. As part of a recent refurbishment, the café and aviation shop which were once part of the viewing area have now been closed, with the aviation shop moving to the Terminal 1 arrivals area. The level (13) is now used as a car park for rental cars from companies such as Hertz and Europcar. The building that once housed the cafe and aviation shop is now the reception area/offices for the car rental companies. Spotting is still tolerated on level 13, and it is still a good place to take pictures of aircraft taxiing and parked up at Terminal 1, Terminal 2, the World Freight Terminal and the hangars. Terminal 3 stands are not visible from level 13; they are better viewed from the south side of the airport near Moss Lane. The Airport Hotel is a public house operated by Robinson's Brewery, and is situated on Ringway Road approximately 0.5 mi (0.80 km) from the airport. Its beer garden overlooks the eastern end of Taxiway J and the eastern threshold of runway 23R which are only 50 ft (15 m) away and provides good views of east-west landing approaches and some take-off rolls. Bibliography Scholefield, R. A. (1978). First and foremost : 50 years of Manchester's civic airports. Manchester: Manchester International Airport Authority. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help) Scholefield, R. A. (1998). Manchester Airport. Stroud: Sutton. ISBN 0-7509-1954-X. References External links Official website Manchester Airport Consultative Committee Manchester Airports Group (MAG) website