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Edinburgh Airport

Coordinates: 55°57′0″N 3°22′21″W / 55.95000°N 3.37250°W / 55.95000; -3.37250
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For the previous military use of this facility, see RAF Turnhouse.

Edinburgh Airport
Summary
Airport typePublic
Owner/OperatorEdinburgh Airport Limited
ServesEdinburgh
LocationEdinburgh, Scotland
Opened19 May 1947; 78 years ago (1947-05-19)
Hub for
Focus city for
Built1916; 109 years ago (1916)
(as RAF Turnhouse)
Elevation AMSL41 m / 136 ft
Coordinates55°57′0″N 3°22′21″W / 55.95000°N 3.37250°W / 55.95000; -3.37250
Websitewww.edinburghairport.com
Map
EDI/EGPH is located in the City of Edinburgh council area
EDI/EGPH
EDI/EGPH
Location in Edinburgh
EDI/EGPH is located in Scotland
EDI/EGPH
EDI/EGPH
EDI/EGPH (Scotland)
EDI/EGPH is located in the United Kingdom
EDI/EGPH
EDI/EGPH
EDI/EGPH (the United Kingdom)
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
06/24 2,556 8,386 Asphalt
Statistics (2023)
Passengers14,395,463
Passenger change 22-23Increase28%
Aircraft movements115,076
Movements change 22-23Increase17.3%
Sources: UK AIP at NATS[1]
Statistics from the UK Civil Aviation Authority[2]

Edinburgh Airport (IATA: EDI, ICAO: EGPH) is an international airport located in the Ingliston area of Edinburgh, Scotland. It is located 5 NM (9.3 km; 5.8 mi)[1] west of the city centre, just off the M8 and M9 motorways. It is owned and operated by Edinburgh Airport Limited.[3]

The airport is the busiest airport in Scotland based on passenger numbers, with 14.4 million passengers flying from the airport in 2023, a 28% increase on passenger numbers from 2022. A total of 35 airlines use the airport to fly to over 152 international destinations.[4] During 2024, Edinburgh Airport experienced its busiest year in terms of passenger numbers, with a total of 15 million passengers. It also marked the busiest year for any Scottish airport in history.[5] As well as being the busiest airport in Scotland, Edinburgh Airport is the sixth busiest airport in the United Kingdom.[6]

History

[edit]

Early years

[edit]
Main article: RAF Turnhouse

In 1916, Turnhouse Aerodrome opened as the northernmost British air defence base in World War I used by the Royal Flying Corps.[7]

In 1918, the Royal Air Force was formed and the airfield was named RAF Turnhouse and ownership was transferred to the Air Ministry.[citation needed]

From 1925, the small base was used to house the 603 (City of Edinburgh) Squadron, which consisted of DH 9As, Westland Wapitis, Hawker Harts, and Hawker Hind light bombers. All the aircraft used a grass airstrip.[citation needed]

In 1939, when the Second World War broke out, RAF Fighter Command took control over the airfield and a runway of 3,900 ft (1,189 m) was paved to handle the Supermarine Spitfire. During the Battle of Britain, 3, 65, and 141 Squadrons were present at the airbase.[citation needed]

Post-Second World War

[edit]

After 1945, when WW2 ended, the airfield remained under military control. It was officially opened for commercial traffic on 19 May 1947. The first commercial flight to use the airport was a British European Airways service from London (Northolt) to Shetland, with Edinburgh and Aberdeen being intermediate stopping points. The aircraft was an 18-seat Douglas C47.[8]

BAA ownership

[edit]
Edinburgh Airport in 1978, under the ownership of BAA.
Air traffic control tower and apron (2013).

On 1 April 1971, the British Airports Authority (BAA) took over ownership of the airport, at a time when the original terminal building was running at about eight times its design capacity. Immediate improvements to the terminal were cosmetic, such as extra seating and TV monitors for flight information, and it took two years for plans to be proposed for a completely new terminal and runway redesign. Public consultation on planning started in November 1971 and ended in February 1972. The initial stages of the redevelopment began in June 1973; they included a diversion of the River Almond. Work on the new terminal building, designed by Sir Robert Matthew, started in March 1975, and the building was officially opened by Queen Elizabeth II on 27 May 1977.[9]

International service from Edinburgh began in 1962 with direct service to Dublin, but for many years international flights were charter and private only. This started to change during the late 1970s, with direct services to continental Europe (Amsterdam, 1975). By the mid-1980s, direct routes included Paris, Düsseldorf, Brussels, Frankfurt and Copenhagen, but direct transatlantic flights were not yet possible as Glasgow-Prestwick was the only "designated gateway" in Scotland under the US-UK Bermuda II Agreement.[10] By the time BAA had been privatised in 1987, Edinburgh Airport handled over 1.8 million passengers each year; compared to the 681,000 passengers handled in 1971 when BAA first took control of the airport.[11]

RAF Turnhouse was operational near the passenger terminal of the airport for all of the post-war period but was finally closed in 1997.[12]

On 19 October 2011, BAA Limited announced its intention to sell the airport, following a decision by the UK's Competition Commission requiring BAA to sell either Glasgow Airport or Edinburgh Airport.[13] BAA announced on 23 April 2012 that it had sold Edinburgh Airport to Global Infrastructure Partners (GIP) for a price of £807.2 million, equivalent to £1204 million in 2023.[14]

GIP ownership

[edit]
Edinburgh Airport from the air.

In 2013, a further extension to the passenger terminal was announced, taking the terminal building up to the Edinburgh Airport tram stop. The Edinburgh Trams opening in May 2014 created the first rail connection to Edinburgh Airport. Whilst the number of passengers has increased, the number of flights decreased in 2014 due to planes operating at a higher capacity.[15] Passenger traffic at Edinburgh Airport reached a record level in 2015 with over 11.1 million passengers[16] and over 109,000 aircraft movements.[2]

A new £25million[failed verification] expansion project involving the construction of a new 6,000 m2 (65,000 sq ft)[failed verification] building, housing a security hall and retail areas, was also completed[when?].[17]

In February 2016, consultancy firm Biggar Economics announced that Edinburgh Airport contributes almost £1 billion annually to the Scottish economy.[18] As part of the expansion works, Runway 12/30 was officially withdrawn from use on 29 March 2018.[19]

VINCI ownership

[edit]

On 17 April 2024, Vinci SA announced that it had reached an agreement with GIP to acquire a 50.01% shareholding of the airport for £1.27 billion, with GIP retaining 49.99%.[20][21][22][23] The transaction was concluded on 25 June 2024.[24][25]

In December 2024, Edinburgh Airport became the first in Scotland to record over 15 million passengers in a calendar year.[26]

Airlines and destinations

[edit]

Passenger

[edit]

The following airlines operate regular scheduled flights to and from Edinburgh:[27]

AirlinesDestinations
Aegean Airlines Athens[28]
Aer Lingus Belfast–City,[29] Dublin[29]
Air Canada Seasonal: Montréal–Trudeau,[30][31] Toronto–Pearson[32][33]
Air France Paris–Charles de Gaulle[citation needed]
American Airlines Seasonal: New York–JFK (begins 8 March 2026),[34] Philadelphia[35]
Atlantic Airways Seasonal: Vágar[36]
Aurigny Guernsey[37]
Austrian Airlines Seasonal: Vienna[38]
British Airways London–City,[citation needed] London–Heathrow[citation needed]
Seasonal: Florence,[citation needed] Palma de Mallorca,[39] San Sebastián[40]
Brussels Airlines Brussels[citation needed]
Delta Air Lines Seasonal: Atlanta,[41] Boston,[42] New York–JFK[42]
easyJet Agadir,[43] Alicante,[44] Amsterdam,[citation needed] Athens,[44] Basel/Mulhouse,[44] Belfast–International,[44] Berlin,[44] Birmingham,[44] Bristol,[citation needed] Copenhagen,[44] Derry,[45] Düsseldorf,[46] Enfidha,[47] Geneva,[44] Kraków,[citation needed] Lanzarote,[44] Lisbon,[44] Ljubljana (begins 4 April 2026),[48] London–Gatwick,[citation needed] London–Luton,[citation needed] London–Stansted,[citation needed] Lyon,[44] Madrid,[citation needed] Málaga,[49] Milan–Linate,[50] Milan–Malpensa,[44] Munich,[44] Naples,[44] Paphos,[44] Paris–Charles de Gaulle,[44] Reykjavik–Keflavik,[44] Tenerife–South,[44] Venice,[44] Zurich[51]
Seasonal: Antalya,[citation needed] Barcelona,[52] Belfast–City,[53] Bordeaux,[54] Catania,[citation needed] Corfu,[55] Dalaman,[44] Dubrovnik,[44] Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria,[citation needed] Grenoble,[56] Heraklion,[44] Hurghada,[57] Innsbruck (begins 7 December 2025),[58] Jersey,[citation needed] Marrakesh,[59] Nice,[44] Olbia,[60] Palma de Mallorca,[44] Prague,[44] Rhodes,[citation needed] Rovaniemi[57]
Edelweiss Air Zurich[61]
Emirates Dubai–International[62][63]
Eurowings Cologne/Bonn,[64] Düsseldorf[65]
Seasonal: Stuttgart[citation needed]
Finnair Helsinki[citation needed]
Hainan Airlines Beijing–Capital[66]
Iberia Express Seasonal: Madrid[67]
Icelandair Reykjavik–Keflavik[68]
Jet2.com Alicante,[citation needed] Antalya,[citation needed] Fuerteventura,[citation needed] Funchal,[citation needed] Gran Canaria,[citation needed] Lanzarote,[citation needed] Málaga,[citation needed] Rome–Fiumicino,[69] Tenerife–South[citation needed]
Seasonal: Bergen,[70] Bodrum,[44] Burgas,[71] Catania,[71] Chambéry,[72] Corfu,[44] Dalaman,[citation needed] Dubrovnik,[citation needed] Faro,[citation needed] Geneva,[73] Girona (begins 3 May 2026),[74] Heraklion,[citation needed] Ibiza,[44] Innsbruck,[75] Kalamata (begins 6 May 2026),[74] Kefalonia (begins 3 May 2026),[74] Kos,[44] Larnaca,[citation needed] Malta,[76] Menorca,[44] Naples,[citation needed] Palma de Mallorca,[citation needed] Paphos,[citation needed] Prague,[76] Preveza/Lefkada,[44] Reus,[citation needed] Rhodes,[citation needed] Salzburg,[citation needed] Santorini,[44] Skiathos (begins 6 May 2027),[77] Split,[citation needed]Thessaloniki,[citation needed] Turin,[78] Verona,[citation needed] Vienna,[citation needed] Zakynthos[citation needed]
JetBlue Seasonal: Boston,[79] New York–JFK[80]
KLM Amsterdam[citation needed]
Loganair Bergen,[citation needed] Cardiff (ends 4 January 2026),[81] Exeter,[citation needed] Isle of Man,[82] Kirkwall,[citation needed] Southampton,[citation needed] Stornoway,[83] Sumburgh[citation needed]
Seasonal: Guernsey,[84] Newquay[citation needed]
Lufthansa Frankfurt,[citation needed] Munich[85]
Luxair Seasonal: Luxembourg (begins 3 July 2026)[86]
Norwegian Air Shuttle Billund (begins 3 April 2026),[87] Copenhagen,[88] Oslo,[88] Stockholm–Arlanda[89][88]
Seasonal: Bergen[citation needed]
Pegasus Airlines Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen[90]
Qatar Airways Doha[91]
Ryanair Agadir,[92] Alicante,[44] Barcelona,[citation needed] Bari,[citation needed] Beauvais,[44] Belfast–International,[citation needed] Bergamo,[citation needed] Berlin,[citation needed] Bologna,[citation needed] Bournemouth,[citation needed] Bratislava,[44] Bucharest–Otopeni,[citation needed] Budapest,[citation needed] Charleroi,[citation needed] Copenhagen,[44] Cork,[citation needed] Dublin,[citation needed] Faro,[44] Fuerteventura,[44] Funchal,[93] Gdańsk,[44] Gran Canaria,[44] Kaunas,[citation needed] Knock,[44] Kraków,[citation needed] Lanzarote,[44] Lisbon,[44] London–Stansted,[citation needed] Madrid,[citation needed] Málaga,[44] Malta,[citation needed] Marrakesh,[citation needed] Milan–Malpensa (begins 30 March 2026),[94] Nantes,[citation needed] Naples,[44] Palermo,[44] Porto,[citation needed] Poznań,[44] Prague,[citation needed] Riga,[citation needed] Rome–Ciampino,[citation needed] Rzeszów,[95] Santander,[44] Seville,[44] Shannon,[44] Sofia,[44] Tenerife–South,[44] Venice,[citation needed] Vienna,[44] Warsaw–Modlin,[96] Weeze,[citation needed] Wroclaw[44]
Seasonal: Bergerac,[97] Béziers,[44] Biarritz,[97] Corfu,[44] Gothenburg,[citation needed] Ibiza,[44] Marseille,[44] Newquay,[citation needed] Palma de Mallorca,[citation needed] Pisa,[citation needed] Poitiers,[citation needed] Rhodes,[citation needed] Tirana,[98] Toulouse,[citation needed] Valencia,[citation needed] Zadar[44]
Scandinavian Airlines Stockholm–Arlanda[99]
Seasonal: Copenhagen[citation needed]
SunExpress Antalya[100]
Seasonal: Dalaman [citation needed]
Transavia Seasonal: Paris–Orly[101]
TUI Airways Seasonal: Chambéry,[citation needed] Corfu,[102] Innsbruck,[103] Palma de Mallorca[citation needed]
Turkish Airlines Istanbul[104]
United Airlines Newark,[105] Washington–Dulles[106]
Seasonal: Chicago–O'Hare[105]
Vueling Barcelona[107]
Virgin Atlantic Seasonal: Orlando[108]
WestJet Seasonal: Calgary,[109][110] Halifax,[111] Toronto–Pearson[32]

Cargo

[edit]
AirlinesDestinations
ASL Airlines France Paris–Charles de Gaulle,[112] Teesside[112]
DHL Aviation Leipzig/Halle[113]
FedEx Express Paris–Charles de Gaulle,[112] Teesside[112]

Statistics

[edit]

Passenger numbers

[edit]
Year Number of
passengers[nb 1]		 Number of
aircraft
movements[nb 2]
1985 1,578,000 36,926
1986 1,651,000 36,596
1987 1,852,000 39,603
1988 2,080,000 40,664
1989 2,369,000 47,100
1990 2,495,000 47,900
1991 2,343,000 49,700
1992 2,539,000 56,400
1993 2,721,000 58,800
1994 3,001,000 61,100
1995 3,280,000 64,000
1996 3,810,000 68,800
1997 4,214,919 99,352
1998 4,588,507 100,134
1999 5,119,258 101,226
2000 5,519,372 102,393
2001 6,067,333 112,361
2002 6,930,649 118,416
2003 7,481,454 118,943
2004 8,017,547 125,317
2005 8,456,739 127,122
2006 8,611,345 126,914
2007 9,047,558 128,172
2008 9,006,702 125,550
2009 9,049,355 115,969
2010 8,596,715 108,997
2011 9,385,245 113,357
2012 9,195,061 110,288
2013 9,775,443 111,736
2014 10,160,004 109,545
2015 11,114,587 115,286
2016 12,348,425 122,220
2017 13,410,256 128,675
2018 14,310,403 130,016
2019 14,747,830 131,617
2020 3,478,501 45,966
2021 3,024,960 34,165
2022 11,250,211 93,004
2023 14,396,794 115,076
2024 15,777,621 116,693
Source: CAA Statistics[114]

Busiest routes

[edit]
Busiest international routes from Edinburgh to (2024)
Rank Destination Passengers Change 2023
to 2024
1 Dublin 738,414 Increase 2.2%
2 Amsterdam 686,089 Increase 15.5%
3 Paris-Charles de Gaulle 457,993 Increase 4.5%
4 Doha-Hamad 373,727 Increase 27.9%
5 Tenerife-South 349,605 Increase 9.2%
6 Copenhagen 273,481 Increase 23.1%
7 Frankfurt 257,445 Increase 6.1%
8 Alicante 250,608 Increase 2.8%
9 Geneva 221,909 Increase 10.4%
10 Madrid 220,861 Increase 19.4%
Source: CAA Statistics[114]
Busiest domestic routes from Edinburgh to (2024)
Rank Destination Passengers Change 2023
to 2024
1 London Heathrow 1,159,797 Increase 10.5%
2 London Stansted 693,953 Increase 15.7%
3 Belfast International 519,103 Increase 19.6%
4 London Gatwick 476,152 Increase 3.6%
5 Bristol 451,404 Increase 6.8%
6 London Luton 338,792 Increase 8.1%
7 London City 334,893 Decrease 2.3%
8 Birmingham 273,132 Increase 27.4%
9 Belfast City 130,129 Increase 11.2%
10 Southampton 82,565 Decrease 7.3%
Source: CAA Statistics[114]

Ground transport

[edit]
Transport at
Edinburgh Airport
Legend
to Glasgow
North Clyde Line
to Fife & to Dundee
Forth Bridge
 National Rail Dalmeny
Winchburgh Tunnel
 Edinburgh Airport Airport interchange
Ingliston Park & Ride Parking
Gogarburn
National Rail Edinburgh Gateway
Gyle Centre
National Rail South Gyle
Edinburgh Park Central
National Rail Edinburgh Park
Bankhead
Saughton
Balgreen
Murrayfield Stadium
West Coast Main Line
 National Rail Haymarket
West End
Princes Street
National Rail Waverley/St Andrew Sq
York Place
to Newhaven
East Coast Main Line

Bus

[edit]
Bus services from the airport
Operator Destinations Ref.
Bright Bus Airport Express Central Edinburgh [115]
Lothian Buses Edinburgh [116]
Scottish Citylink Glasgow, North Lanarkshire, Stirling, West Lothian [117]
Stagecoach East Scotland Fife [118]

Road

[edit]

The airport lies on the A8 road, and can be reached by the M8 motorway and the M9 motorway. The airport can also be reached from the M90 motorway via the Queensferry Crossing.

Train

[edit]

The airport has no dedicated railway station. However, it is served by the nearby Edinburgh Gateway station, which serves as an interchange with Edinburgh Trams services to the airport.[119] The tram line also connects the airport to the nearby Edinburgh Park railway station.[120]

A more extensive Edinburgh Airport Rail Link project to provide a direct heavy rail link was cancelled in 2007 due to increasing costs.[121]

Tram

[edit]

The airport is served by Edinburgh Trams, a light rail link.

The line from the airport travels eastwards through the western suburbs and the city centre of Edinburgh before heading north to Leith, eventually terminating at Newhaven.

Preceding station   Edinburgh Trams   Following station
Ingliston Park & Ride
towards Newhaven 		  Newhaven - Edinburgh Airport   Terminus

Accidents and incidents

[edit]
  • On 20 July 1970, a Hawker Siddeley HS-125-3B (G-AXPS) operated by the Imperial Tobacco Company crashed on takeoff from Turnhouse on an empty positioning flight to Newcastle. The aircraft was a total loss and whilst the pilot was uninjured, the copilot was declared dead on arrival at the hospital. The probable cause of the crash was thought to be the application of an incorrect rudder following a simulated engine failure on take-off. The reason for this application of an incorrect rudder has not been determined.[122][123]
  • A De Havilland Moth Minor (G-AFOZ) crashed at Turnhouse during a low-level display on 3 May 1975. One of the two occupants died in the hospital the following day.[124]
  • On 27 February 2001, Loganair flight 670A, a Shorts 360 (G-BNMT) operating a Royal Mail flight to Belfast, crashed into the Firth of Forth shortly after taking off from Edinburgh at 1730 GMT. Both crew members were killed, but there were no passengers on board. A fatal accident inquiry later blamed a buildup of slush in the aircraft's engines before the crash. A protective covering had not been fitted to the engine intakes while the aircraft was parked at Edinburgh for several hours in heavy snow.[125][126]

References

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Number of passengers, freight and mail include both domestic and international counterparts.
  2. ^ Number of movements represents total aircraft takeoffs and landings during that year.

Citations

[edit]
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