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==Early life==
==Early life==
Sam Brownback was born on September 12, 1956 in [[Garnett, Kansas]], the son of Nancy and Glenn Robert Brownback.<ref>[http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~battle/senators/brownback.htm 1<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> He was raised in a farming family in [[Parker, Kansas]]; his distant ancestors, of German descent, settled in Kansas after leaving [[Pennsylvania]] following the [[American Civil War|Civil War]].<ref name="Weekly">[http://www.brownback.com/news/campaindetails.asp?id=32 Brownback Presidential Campaign reprint of Weekly Standard article]{{dead link|date=July 2009}} [http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/012/511umjoo.asp Eastland, Terry, Mr. Compassionate Conservative, ''The Weekly Standard'', Volume 011, Issue 44, August 7 2006]</ref> Brownback was state president of the Kansas FFA Association, and was one of the national vice presidents of the [[National FFA Organization]] from 1976 to 1977.<ref>[[National FFA Organization]]: [http://www.ffa.org/about_ffa/html/ffa_formermembers.html ''Prominent Former Members'']{{dead link|date=July 2009}}</ref> While at [[Kansas State University]], he was elected student body president and was a member of [[Alpha Gamma Rho]].<ref>[[Kansas State University]]: [http://www.k-state.edu/media/newsreleases/landonlect/brownbacktext206.html ''Sam Brownback Landon Lecture February 22, 2006'']</ref> He received his [[Juris Doctor|J.D.]] from the [[University of Kansas]] in 1982.
Sam Brownback was born on September 12, 1956 in [[Garnett, Kansas]], the son of Nancy and Glenn Robert Brownback.<ref>[http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~battle/senators/brownback.htm 1<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> He was raised in a farming family in [[Parker, Kansas]]; his distant ancestors, of German descent, settled in Kansas after leaving [[Pennsylvania]] following the [[American Civil War|Civil War]].<ref name="Weekly">[http://www.brownback.com/news/campaindetails.asp?id=32 Brownback Presidential Campaign reprint of Weekly Standard article]{{dead link|date=July 2009}} [http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/012/511umjoo.asp Eastland, Terry, Mr. Compassionate Conservative, ''The Weekly Standard'', Volume 011, Issue 44, August 7 2006]</ref> Brownback was state president of the Kansas FFA Association, and was one of the national vice presidents of the [[National FFA Organization]] from 1976 to 1977.<ref>[[National FFA Organization]]: [http://www.ffa.org/about_ffa/html/ffa_formermembers.html ''Prominent Former Members'']{{dead link|date=July 2009}}</ref> While at [[Kansas State University]], he was elected student body president and was a member of [[Alpha Gamma Rho]].<ref>[[Kansas State University]]: [http://www.k-state.edu/media/newsreleases/landonlect/brownbacktext206.html ''Sam Brownback Landon Lecture February 22, 2006'']</ref> He received his [[Juris Doctor|J.D.]] from the [[University of Kansas]] in 1982. His father did what was considered normal at the time, but would now be considered "Child Molestation".


After college, Brownback spent approximately a year working as a [[Presenter|broadcaster]]; he hosted a weekly half-hour show.<ref name="Weekly"/><ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/cq/2007/01/18/cq_2142.html Kapochunas, Rachel. ''Brownback, Set to Launch GOP White House Bid, Will Fight from the Right'', ''CQPolitics.com'' January 18 2007]</ref>
After college, Brownback spent approximately a year working as a [[Presenter|broadcaster]]; he hosted a weekly half-hour show.<ref name="Weekly"/><ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/cq/2007/01/18/cq_2142.html Kapochunas, Rachel. ''Brownback, Set to Launch GOP White House Bid, Will Fight from the Right'', ''CQPolitics.com'' January 18 2007]</ref>

Revision as of 21:17, 31 October 2013

Sam Brownback
File:Sam Brownback, Official Governor Portrait.png
46th Governor of Kansas
Assumed office
January 10, 2011
LieutenantJeff Colyer
Preceded byMark Parkinson
United States Senator
from Kansas
In office
November 7, 1996 – January 3, 2011
Preceded bySheila Frahm
Succeeded byJerry Moran
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Kansas's 2nd district
In office
January 3, 1995 – November 7, 1996
Preceded byJim Slattery
Succeeded byJim Ryun
Personal details
Born
Samuel Dale Brownback

(1956-09-12) September 12, 1956 (age 67)
Garnett, Kansas, U.S.
Political partyRepublican
SpouseMary Brownback
Children5
ResidenceCedar Crest
Alma materKansas State University
University of Kansas, Lawrence
ProfessionAttorney
Signature

Samuel Dale "Sam" Brownback (born September 12, 1956) is an American politician who is the 46th and current Governor of Kansas. A member of the Republican Party, he served in the United States House of Representatives from 1995 to 1996, representing Kansas's 2nd congressional district, and then was elected to the United States Senate, serving Kansas from 1996 to 2011. He ran for president in 2008, but withdrew before the primaries began and endorsed the eventual Republican nominee, John McCain.[1][2][3] He was elected the 46th Governor of Kansas in 2010 and took office in January 2011.

Early life

Sam Brownback was born on September 12, 1956 in Garnett, Kansas, the son of Nancy and Glenn Robert Brownback.[4] He was raised in a farming family in Parker, Kansas; his distant ancestors, of German descent, settled in Kansas after leaving Pennsylvania following the Civil War.[5] Brownback was state president of the Kansas FFA Association, and was one of the national vice presidents of the National FFA Organization from 1976 to 1977.[6] While at Kansas State University, he was elected student body president and was a member of Alpha Gamma Rho.[7] He received his J.D. from the University of Kansas in 1982. His father did what was considered normal at the time, but would now be considered "Child Molestation".

After college, Brownback spent approximately a year working as a broadcaster; he hosted a weekly half-hour show.[5][8]

Personal life

Family

He is married to Mary Brownback (née Stauffer), whose family owned and operated a successful media company until its sale in 1995.[9] They have five children, Abby, Andy, Elizabeth, Mark, and Jenna; two of their children are adopted.[10]

Religion

Senator Brownback discusses science and religion in American politics in October 2007, during his Presidential run. A full transcript is found here.

Brownback told Rolling Stone that he had moved from mainline Protestantism to evangelicalism before his 2002 conversion to Catholicism.[11]

Raised as a Methodist, Brownback later joined a nondenominational evangelical church, Topeka Bible Church, which he still regularly attends, even though in 2002 he was received into Catholicism through Father C. John McCloskey from the Priestly Society of the Holy Cross in Washington DC.[12][13] Brownback himself, however, is not a member of the Opus Dei organization which is affiliated with the Priestly Society of the Holy Cross.[11]

Brownback was a cosponsor of the Constitution Restoration Act, which would have limited the power of federal courts to rule on church/state issues. When he was a senator, Brownback told Rolling Stone that he chaired the Senate Values Action Team, an off-the-record weekly meeting of representatives from religious conservative organizations.

Early career

Brownback was an attorney in Manhattan, Kansas[5] before becoming the Kansas secretary of agriculture in 1986. In 1990, he was accepted into the White House Fellow program and detailed to the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative from 1990 to 1991. Brownback then returned to Kansas to resume his position as secretary of agriculture and remained in that position until 1993. He was elected to the United States House of Representatives in 1994 and next ran in the 1996 special election to replace Senator Bob Dole, who had resigned his seat during his presidential campaign, beating appointed Republican Sheila Frahm.

U.S. Senator

Elections

Sheila Frahm was appointed to fill the seat of U.S. Senator Bob Dole when Dole resigned in 1996 to campaign for president. Brownback defeated Frahm in the 1996 Republican primary and went on to win the general election against Democrat Jill Docking. In 1998 Brownback was elected to a full six-year term, defeating Democrat Paul Feleciano. He won reelection in the 2004 Senate election with 69% of the vote, defeating his Democratic challenger, Lee Jones, a former Washington, D.C. lobbyist.

Tenure

Portrait of Sam Brownback while a member of the United States Senate

Brownback was a member of the Judiciary Committee, the Senate Appropriations Committee (where he chaired the Subcommittee on District of Columbia when the Republicans were in the majority), the Joint Economic Committee, and the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, also known as the Helsinki Commission, which he at one time chaired. The Helsinki Commission monitors compliance with international agreements reached in cooperation with Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe.

Brownback did not run for reelection in 2010, in accordance with his support of term limits for members of Congress.[14]

In 2000, Brownback and Congressman Chris Smith led the effort to enact the Trafficking Victims Protection Act.[15] President Clinton signed the legislation in October 2000. According to Christianity Today, the stronger enforcement increased the number of U.S. federal trafficking cases eightfold in the five years after enactment.[16]

In 2001 Brownback submitted S.1465[107], which authorized Presidential waivers for foreign aid to Pakistan. S.1465[107] passed by a unanimous unrecorded vote of Senators present. The Pakistani Government utilized U.S. foreign aid in an attempt to bribe Mujahideen and Taliban militants inside that country. Taliban commanders and Mujahideen commander Nek Mohammed openly admitted that they intended to use the foreign aid money to repay loans which they had received from al Qaeda.

As of August 12, 2007, in the 110th Session of Congress, Brownback had missed 123 votes due to campaigning (39.7 percent) — surpassed only by Tim Johnson (D) of South Dakota who due to a critical illness had missed 100% of the votes of the 110th Session, and John McCain (R) of Arizona with 149 votes missed due to campaigning (48.1 percent).[17]

As of April, 2012 Brownback had an approval rating of 34 percent according to a Survey USA Poll.[18] A Republican polling company found his approval rating to be 51 percent in May 2012.[19]

C Street residence

On April 1, 2010, news sources reported that Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington (CREW) had urged an ethics investigation into a possible violation of the Senate's gifts rule by Republican senators lodging in a townhome owned by C Street Center, Inc., in turn owned by Christian-advocacy group The Fellowship. According to the report, Brownback, three additional senators, and four U.S. representatives were staying in the townhome. CREW alleged that the property, rented out for $950 a month per person, was being let out well under the rate of similar lodging in the neighborhood, which regularly run from $4,400 to $7,500.

Brownback supporters argued that the rooms rented out at C Street are not the equivalent of individual apartments with their own private bathrooms, kitchens, and living rooms. The lawmakers share communal space. Senator Tom Coburn's spokesman John Hart told The Hill: "Anyone who has spent 10 minutes on Craigslist would realize that C Street residents pay fair-market value,” Hart said. “Residents at the [C Street] boarding house have one bedroom. Most share a bathroom. All pay for their own meals and share personal space with the other residents and guests. They even share the remote … they fight over their favorite channel.”[20] In addition, Hart has pointed out that there are several Craigslist ads that demonstrate that $950 is clearly fair market value for a room on Capitol Hill.[20][21]

Committees

Film

In their documentary How Democracy Works Now: Twelve Stories, filmmakers Shari Robertson and Michael Camerini provide a behind-the-scenes look at Brownback's and the Kansas Republican Party's response to the issue of immigration in the early-2000s. Brownback was a Senator at the time of filming.

  • "Story 3: You Never Know" uses the Kansas Republican Party as a case-study for the on-going debates within the Republican Party. It focuses on a David Kensinger, Sam Brownback’s Chief of Staff, 2002 vacation from Capitol Hill to guide to three conservative Kansas candidates who challenge mainstream party nominees.
  • "Story 4: Sam in the Snow" focuses largely on (then Senator) Sam Brownback's eagerness to push forward comprehensive immigration reform in 2002. The film also chronicles his choice between Senate Judiciary Committee and his upcoming chairmanship of the Senate Subcommittee on Immigration. The film's title refers to Brownback.

2008 presidential campaign

Main article: United States presidential election, 2008
Wikinews has related news:

On December 4, 2006, Brownback formed an exploratory committee, the first step toward candidacy, and announced his presidential bid the next day.[22] His views placed him in the social conservative wing of the Republican party, and he stressed his fiscal conservatism. "I am an economic, a fiscal, a social and a compassionate conservative," he said in December 2006.[23] On January 20, 2007, in Topeka, he announced that he was running for President in 2008.[24] On February 22, 2007, a poll conducted by Rasmussen Reports held that three percent of likely primary voters would support Brownback.[25]

On August 11, 2007, Brownback finished third in the Ames Iowa straw poll with 15.3 percent of all votes cast. Fundraising and visits to his website declined dramatically after this event, as many supporters had predicted Brownback would do much better,[citation needed] and speculation began that the candidate was considering withdrawing from the campaign. This sentiment increased after his lackluster performance in the GOP presidential debate of September 5, broadcast from New Hampshire by Fox News Channel.[26] He dropped out of the race on October 18, 2007, citing a lack of funds.[27] He formally announced his decision on October 19.[28] He later endorsed John McCain for president.[29]

Governor

2010 gubernatorial campaign

Main article: Kansas gubernatorial election, 2010

In 2008, Brownback acknowledged he was considering running for governor in 2010.[30] In January 2009, Brownback officially filed the paperwork to run for governor.[31]

Polling agency Rasmussen Reports found that Brownback led his then-likely Democratic opponent by 31 points in May 2010.[1][32]

On June 1, 2010, Brownback announced Kansas state Senator Jeff Colyer as his running mate.[33]

On Nov. 2, 2010, Brownback won the gubernatorial seat with 63.3% of the vote, replacing Governor Mark Parkinson, who was sworn in after former Governor Kathleen Sebelius resigned from her position and accepted the appointment to U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services in 2009.

Legislative agenda

Governor Brownback has made reviving the Kansas economy the core goal of his administration. He will propose fundamental tax reform to encourage investment and generate wealth while creating new jobs. Consistent with those objectives, there will also be structural reforms to the state's largest budget items--- (1) School Finance,[34] (2) Medicaid [35] and (3) State Pensions (KPERS), which have unfunded liabilities of $8.3 billion.[36]

Abortion

Brownback signed three anti-abortion bills in 2011. In April 2011, Brownback signed a bill banning abortion after 21 weeks based on the view that fetuses can feel pain at that point, and a bill requiring that a doctor gets a parent's notarized signature for girls under 17 who want an abortion.[37] In May 2011, Brownback approved a bill prohibiting insurance companies from offering abortion coverage as part of general health plans, unless the procedure is necessary to save a woman's life. The law also prohibits any health-insurance exchange in Kansas established under the federal health care overhaul law from offering coverage for abortions, other than to save a woman’s life. There was much opposition in Kansas to the passing of the bill.[38]

A Kansas budget passed with Brownback's approval in 2011 blocked Planned Parenthood of Kansas and Mid-Missouri from receiving family planning funds from the state. The funding amounts to about $330,000 per year.[39] The decision was largely for anti-abortion reasons, although family planning funds cannot be used for abortions. A judge has blocked the budget provision, ordered Kansas to begin funding the organization again, and agreed with Planned Parenthood that it was being unfairly targeted.[40] In response, the state filed an appeal seeking to overturn the judge's decision.[41] Brownback has defended anti-abortion laws in Kansas, including the Planned Parenthood defunding. "You can’t know for sure what all comes out of that afterwards, but it was the will of the Legislature and the people of the state of Kansas,” Brownback said.[42]

The Kansas attorney general's office paid outside lawyers $476,000 to defend the state's abortion laws in 2011.[43]

In May 2012, Brownback signed the Health Care Rights of Conscience Act, which "will allow pharmacists to refuse to provide drugs they believe might cause an abortion."[44]

In April 2013, Brownback signed a sweeping anti-abortion bill that blocked tax breaks for abortion providers, banned sex-selection abortions and declare that life begins “at fertilization.” The law notes that any rights suggested by the language are limited by U.S. Supreme Court decisions.[45]

Arts

Brownback initially eliminated the Kansas Arts Commission by executive order; however, the Kansas state legislature defied Brownback by restoring $689,000 in appropriations.[46] Brownback responded by vetoing government funding for the Kansas Arts Commission in May 2011, making Kansas the first state to de-fund its arts agency.[47] The commission was created in 1966. The decision has been one of his most controversial during his tenure as governor, generating opposition from Kansas arts leaders and enthusiasts around the state. The National Endowment for the Arts informed Kansas that without a funded state arts agency, it would not receive a planned $700,000 federal grant.[48]

Prayer rally

Brownback was the only other governor to attend Governor Rick Perry's prayer event in August 2011.[49][50] About 22,000 people attended the rally, and Brownback and Perry were the only elected officials to speak.[51] The decision resulted in some controversy and newspaper editorials demonstrating disappointment in his attendance of the rally.[52] [53]

Health care

In August 2011, Brownback announced he was declining a $31.5 million grant from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to set up an insurance exchange as part of the federal health care reform law. In May 2011, Brownback had directed the state's Insurance Commissioner to slow down the implementation timeline for the exchange development. Upon announcing the refusal of the budgeted grant money for the state, his office stated "There is much uncertainty surrounding the ability of the federal government to meet its already budgeted future spending obligations. “Every state should be preparing for fewer federal resources, not more. To deal with that reality Kansas needs to maintain maximum flexibility. That requires freeing Kansas from the strings attached to the Early Innovator Grant.”[54] The move was unanimously supported by the delegates of the state party central committee at its August 2011 meeting, but a The New York Times editorial criticized Brownback for turning down the grant which could have helped ease the state's own budget: "Instead of letting Kansas design its own model program for an online computer exchange to help people choose among health insurance providers, Mr. Brownback’s rebuff increases the likelihood that the state must design one at its own expense or see federal officials create an exchange, as required under the new law."[55]

Taxes

In May 2012, Brownback signed into law one of the largest income tax cuts in Kansas' history.[56] The act has received criticism for shifting the tax burden from wealthy Kansans to low- and moderate-income workers.[57]

Positions

Economic Issues

Pro Business: He was rated 100 percent by the US Chamber of Commerce, indicating a "pro-business" voting record.

Fiscal Policy: He has consistently supported a low tax and spend policy for government. As Governor he urged a flattening of the income tax to spur economic growth in Kansas. In December 2005, Brownback advocated using Washington, DC as a "laboratory" for a flat tax.[58][59] He voted Yes on a Balanced-budget constitutional amendment. He opposed the Estate Tax.

Trade: He was rated 100 percent by the Cato Institute, indicating a pro-free trade voting record.

[60]

Arts

Brownback has said he believes private donations should fund arts and culture in the state.[61] In May 2011, Brownback eliminated by executive order and then subsequently vetoed government funding for the Kansas Arts Commission in response to state defiance of his executive order, making Kansas the first state to defund its arts commission.[47] The commission was created in 1966.

Health care

Brownback opposes a single payer, government run health care system. He supports increased health insurance portability, an elimination on insurance rejection due to pre-existing medical conditions, a cap on frivolous malpractice lawsuits, the implementation of an electronic medical records system, an emphasis on preventative care, and tax benefits aimed at making health insurance more affordable for the uninsured and targeted to promote universal access. He opposes government funded elective abortions in accordance with the Hyde Amendment. He has been a strong supporter of legislation to establish a national childhood cancer database, and an increase in funding for autism research.[62] Brownback supports negotiating bulk discounts on Medicare drug benefits to reduce prices. In 2007, Senators Brownback and Sherrod Brown (D-OH) sponsored an amendment to the Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act of 2007. The amendment created a prize as an incentive for companies to invest in new drugs and vaccines for neglected tropical diseases. It awards a transferable “Priority Review Voucher” to any company that obtains approval for a treatment for a neglected tropical disease. This provision adds to the market-based incentives available for the development of new medicines for developing world diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis and African sleeping sickness. The prize was initially proposed by Duke University faculty Henry Grabowski, Jeffrey Moe, and David Ridley in their 2006 Health Affairs paper: "Developing Drugs for Developing Countries."[63]

Brownback supports a bill that will introduce price transparency to the U.S. health care industry,[64] as well as a bill which would require the disclosure of Medicare payment rate information.[65]

On December 16, 2006, Brownback gave an interview to the Christian Post, stating: "We can get to this goal of eliminating deaths by cancer in 10 years."[66]

Immigration

Brownback has a voting record that has tended to support higher legal immigration levels[67] and strong refugee protection. Brownback was cosponsor of a 2005 bill of Ted Kennedy and John McCain's which would have created a legal path to citizenship for millions of illegal immigrants already present.[68] On June 26, 2007, Brownback voted in favor of S. 1639, the Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act.[69][70] Brownback supports increasing numbers of legal immigrants, building a fence on Mexican border, and the reform bill "if enforced." While he initially supported giving guest workers a path to citizenship, Brownback eventually voted "Nay" on June 28, 2007.[71] Brownback has said that he supports immigration reform because the Bible says to welcome the stranger.[72]

Iraq

Brownback posing with U.S. troops in Iraq.

Brownback supported a political surge coupled with the military surge of 2007 in Iraq and opposed the Democratic Party's strategy of timed withdrawal:

It does mean that there must be bipartisan agreement for our military commitment on Iraq. We cannot fight a war with the support of only one political party. And it does mean that the parties in Iraq — Sunni, Shi’a and Kurds — must get to a political agreement, to a political equilibrium. I think most people agree that a cut and run strategy does not serve our interest at all, nor those of the world, nor those of the region, nor those of the Iraqi people. So I invite my colleagues, all around, particularly on the other side of the aisle, to indicate what level of commitment they can support.[73]

— Senator Sam Brownback, U.S. Senate floor speech, January 16, 2007

In May 2007 Brownback stated, "We have not lost war; we can win by pulling together" He voted Yes on authorizing use of military force against Iraq, voted No on requiring on-budget funding for Iraq, not emergency funding and voted No on redeploying troops out of Iraq by July 2007.[60] He has also condemned anti-Muslim bigotry in name of anti-terrorism.[62]

On June 7, 2007, Brownback voted against the Habeas Corpus Restoration Act of 2007 when that bill came up for a vote in the Senate Judiciary Committee, on which Brownback sits.[74] (The bill was passed out of the committee by a vote of 11 to 8.)[75] The bill aims to restore habeas corpus rights revoked by the Military Commissions Act of 2006.[76]

Darfur

Brownback visited refugee camps in Sudan in 2004 and returned to write a resolution labeling the Darfur conflict as genocide, and has been active on attempting to increase U.S. efforts to resolve the situation short of military intervention.[77] He is an endorser of the Genocide Intervention Network, which called him a "champion of Darfur" in its Darfur scorecard, primarily for his early advocacy of the Darfur Peace and Accountability Act.[78]

Israel and Palestine

In October 2007, Brownback announced his support for a plan designed by Benny Elon, chairman of Israel's right wing NU - NRP party.[79] Elon's positions include dismantling the Palestinian National Authority and Hamas and rejecting a two-state solution. The plan calls for the complete annexation of the West Bank by Israel, and the deportation of its Arab population to a new Palestinian state in present day Jordan. Elon argues that this would complete the 1948 Palestinian exodus begun in the 1948 war.

Evolution

Brownback has stated that he is a devout believer in a higher power and rejects macroevolution, or changes from one species into another.[80] Brownback favors giving teachers the freedom to use intelligent design to critique evolutionary theory as part of the Teach the Controversy approach:

There's intelligence involved in the overall of creation. . .I don't think we're really at the point of teaching this in the classroom. I think what we passed in the U.S. Senate in 2002 the Santorum Amendment is really what we should be doing, and that is that you teach the controversy, you teach what is fact is fact, and what is theory is theory, and you move from that proceedings, rather than from teaching some sort of different thought. And this, I really think that's the area we should concentrate on at the present time, is teaching the controversy.[81]

— Senator Sam Brownback, Larry King Live, CNN, August 23, 2005

He has supported the Discovery Institute, hub of the intelligent design movement, and has argued extensively on their behalf during Discovery Institute intelligent design campaigns such as the Santorum Amendment, Teach the Controversy, and the denial of tenure to Institute Fellow and design proponent Guillermo Gonzalez.[82][83]

Abortion

Brownback is pro-life and opposes abortion in all cases except when the life of the mother is in danger. He has a 100 percent pro-life voting record according to the National Right to Life Committee. Brownback also supports parental notification for minors who seek an abortion and opposes Partial Birth Abortion.[62][84] Brownback was personally anti-abortion though politically pro-choice during the early days of his career.[85] Brownback has more recently stated, "I see it as the lead moral issue of our day, just like slavery was the lead moral issue 150 years ago."[86] On May 3, 2007, when asked his opinion of repealing Roe v. Wade, Brownback said, "It would be a glorious day of human liberty and freedom."[87]

Brownback also stated he "could support a pro-choice nominee" to the presidency, because "this is a big coalition party."[88] Brownback has stated that he supports a human life amendment or federal legislation criminalizing abortion.[citation needed]

LGBT issues

Brownback has stated that he opposes homosexuality on the grounds he believes it to be immoral, as a violation of both Catholic doctrine[89] and natural law.[90] He has voted against gay rights, receiving zeros in four of the last five scorecards as a U.S. Senator from the Human Rights Campaign.[91][92][93][94][95] He opposes both same-sex marriage and same-sex civil union.[90] He opposes adding sexual orientation and gender identity to federal laws that address hate crime.[90][96] He has declined to state a position on gay adoption,[97][98] although a candidate for chair of the Kansas Republican Party claims he was blackballed by political operatives affiliated with Brownback for not opposing gay adoption.[99] Brownback supported "don't ask, don't tell,"[100] the U.S. government's ban on openly gay and lesbian people in the military. Brownback has associated with leading anti-gay organizations, including the Family Research Council[101][102] and American Family Association.[103][104]

In 2003, Brownback worked with Alliance for Marriage and Traditional Values Coalition to introduce a Senate bill containing the Federal Marriage Amendment, a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution that would federally prohibit same-sex marriage in the United States.[105][106][107][108] The bill was a response to Goodridge v. Department of Public Health, the Massachusetts state court decision finding that same-sex couples had the right to marry in Massachusetts.[105][106][107] In reaction to the Goodridge decision, Brownback stated that same-sex marriage threatened the health of American families and culture.[109]

In 2006, Brownback blocked the confirmation of federal judicial nominee Janet T. Neff because she had attended a same-sex commitment ceremony.[110][111][112] At first, he agreed to lift the block only if Neff would recuse herself from all cases involving same-sex unions.[110][111][112] Brownback later dropped his opposition.[110][111][112]

In 2000, Brownback briefly moved into the home[113] of anti-gay[114] Christian evangelist Lou Engle. In 2010, while running for governor of Kansas, he distanced himself from Engle's views on homosexuality and implied he was no longer in contact with Engle.[113] In 2011, participated in a prayer event[103][104] intended in part to oppose social acceptance of homosexuality;[115] the event was co-organized by leaders of Engle's church.[116][117][118] Brownback declined protests by gay rights advocates to pull out from the event.[119][120] In December 2012, Brownback spoke at ReignDown USA, a prayer rally affiliated with Lou Engle and the International House of Prayer.[121]

In April 2011, Brownback began work on a Kansas government program to promote marriage, in part through grants to faith-based social service organizations.[122][123] Early meetings involved national opponents of same-sex marriage.[122] The Brownback administration says the program will exclude gay and lesbian families.[122] In June 2011, the administration revised contract expectations for social work organizations to promote married mother-father families.[124][125] It explained the change as benefiting children.[124][125]

In January 2012, Brownback did not include Kansas's sodomy law in a list of unenforced and outdated laws that the legislature should repeal.[126][127][128][129] Gay rights advocates had asked his administration to recommend its repeal because the law has been unenforceable since the Supreme Court's Lawrence v. Texas decision in 2003.[126][127][128][129][130]

In February 2012, the Brownback administration supported a religious freedom bill that would have stopped cities, school districts, universities, and executive agencies from having nondiscrimination laws or policies that covered sexual orientation or gender identity.[131][132][133]

In 2013, after oral arguments in United States v. Windsor, the U.S. Supreme Court case striking down part of the Defense of Marriage Act, Brownback publicly reaffirmed his opposition to same-sex marriage.[134]

Stem cell research

Brownback supports adult stem cell research and cord blood stem cells. Brownback appeared with three children adopted from in vitro fertilization clinics to coincide with a Senate debate over the Cord Blood Stem Cell Act of 2005[135] to show his support for the bill and adult stem cell research. The Religious Freedom Coalition refers to children conceived through the adopted in vitro process as "snowflake children."[136] The term, as proponents explain, is an extension of the idea that the embryos are "frozen and unique," and in that way are similar to snowflakes.[136] Brownback supports the use of cord blood stem cell research for research and treatment, instead of embryonic stem cells.[60]

Capital punishment

Brownback said in an interview, "I am not a supporter of a death penalty, other than in cases where we cannot protect the society and have other lives at stake."[137] In a speech on the Senate Judiciary Committee, he questioned the current use of the death penalty as potentially incongruent with the notion of a "culture of life", and suggested it be employed in a more limited fashion.[138] He voted YES on making federal death penalty appeals harder and voted NO on maintaining the right of habeas corpus in death penalty appeals.[60] These two votes occurred before his conversion to Catholicism in 2002 — since his conversion, he has echoed Pope John Paul II's remarks against the death penalty.

Environmental protection

In 2005, the organization Republicans for Environmental Protection ("REP") gave Brownback a grade of 7 percent for the 107th United States Congress, but in 2006, increased the rating to 26%.[139] Senator Brownback supported an amendment to the Energy Policy Act of 2005, offered by Senator Jeff Bingaman, (D-NM), requiring at least 10 percent of electricity sold by utilities to originate from renewable resources.[139] He has also supported conservation of rare felids & canids. He has voted for increased funding for international conservation of cranes. Brownback has supported oil drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge and in the Gulf of Mexico, as a way to reduce dependence on foreign oil. He has promoted the use of renewable energy such as nuclear, wind, solar, and hydroelectric sources to achieve energy independence.[62]

Other issues

On September 27, 2006, Brownback introduced a bill called the Truth in Video Game Rating Act (S.3935), which would regulate the rating system of computer and video games.

On June 15, 2006, Bush signed into law the Broadcast Decency Enforcement Act of 2005 sponsored by Brownback, a former broadcaster himself. The new law stiffens the penalties for each violation of the Act. The Federal Communications Commission will be able to impose fines in the amount of $325,000 for each violation by each station that violates decency standards. The legislation raises the fine by tenfold.[140][141]

Where I think we're really lost is we're segregating science and faith. And they ask and answer different questions. Science asks how, and faith asks why. And I think we'd be so much richer, and in societies in the past in Western civilization they did this a lot more, if you had the interaction of the two, of faith and science.

— Sam Brownback, [137]

On September 3, 1997, Meredith O'Rourke, an employee of Kansas firm Triad Management Services, was deposed by the Senate Committee on Governmental Affairs regarding her activities and observations while providing services for the company relative to fund raising and advertising for Brownback. The deposition claims that Triad circumvented existing campaign finance laws by channeling donations through Triad, and also bypassed the campaign law with Triad running 'issue ads' during Brownback's first campaign for the Senate.[142][143]

He has said he does not believe there is an inherent right to privacy in the U.S. Constitution. He has, however, expressed disapproval of George W. Bush's assertions on the legality of the NSA wiretapping program.[144]

Brownback voted "yes" on maintaining current gun laws: guns sold without trigger locks. He opposes gun control.[60]

Brownback is a lead sponsor of the International Marriage Broker Regulation Act of 2005 and frequently speaks out against the mail-order bride industry.[145]

Brownback introduced into the Senate a resolution (Senate Joint Resolution 4) calling for the United States to apologize for past mistreatment of Native Americans.[146][147][148] He worked with Congressman John Lewis to help win placement of the African American Museum on the National Mall in Washington, D.C..[citation needed]

Brownback's voting record on civil rights was rated 20 percent by the ACLU. He voted "yes" on ending special funding for minority and women-owned business and "yes" on recommending a Constitutional ban on flag desecration. He opposes quotas in admission to institutions of higher education.[60] He voted "yes" on increasing penalties for drug offenses and voted "yes" on more penalties for gun and drug violations.[60]

Brownback voted "no" on banning chemical weapons.[60] He voted "yes" on reauthorizing the PATRIOT Act and voted "yes" on extending the PATRIOT Act's wiretap provision.[60] In May 2007, Brownback stated that "Iran is the lead sponsor of terrorism around the world." He supports talks and peaceful measures with Iran, but no formal diplomatic relations.[60]

In April 2009, Brownback introduced the Congo Conflict Minerals Act of 2009 to require electronics companies to verify and disclose their sources of conflict minerals, such as cassiterite, wolframite, and tantalum. This legislation died in committee. However, measures to control the sale of conflict minerals were later included in the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, which Brownback voted against.

Electoral history

Kansas's 2nd congressional district: 1994 results[149]
Year Democratic Votes Pct Republican Votes Pct Overall Turnout
1994 John Carlin 71,025 34.4% Sam Brownback 135,725 65.6% 206,750
In 1996, Bob Dole resigned from the U.S. Senate to focus on his campaign for U.S. President. Lieutenant Governor Sheila Frahm was appointed to Dole's Senate seat by Governor Bill Graves. Brownback defeated Frahm in the Republican primary and won the general election against Jill Docking to serve out the remainder of Dole's term.
United States Senate special election in Kansas, 1996: Republican Primary Results
Year Incumbent Votes Pct Challenger Votes Pct Challenger Votes Pct Overall Turnout
1996 Sheila Frahm 142,487 41.6% Sam Brownback 187,914 54.8% Christina Campbell-Cline 12,378 3.6% 342,779
United States Senate special election in Kansas, 1996: General Election Results
Year Democratic Votes Pct Republican Votes Pct Reform Votes Pct Overall Turnout
1996 Jill Docking 461,344 43.3% Sam Brownback 574,021 53.9% Donald R. Klaassen 29,351 2.8% 1,064,716
U.S. Senate elections in Kansas, (Class III): Results 1998–2004[149]
Year Democratic Votes Pct Republican Votes Pct Libertarian Votes Pct Reform Votes Pct Overall Turnout
1998 Paul Feleciano 229,718 31.6% Sam Brownback 474,639 65.3% Tom Oyler 11,545 1.6% Alvin Bauman 11,334 1.6% 727,236
2004 Lee Jones 310,337 27.5% Sam Brownback 780,863 69.2% Steven A. Rosile 21,842 1.9% George Cook 15,980 1.4% 1,129,022
Governor's election in Kansas, 2010  [150]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Sam Brownback - Jeff Colyer 530,760 63.28
Democratic Tom Holland - Kelly Kultala 270,166 32.21
Libertarian Andrew Gray - Stacey Davis 22,460 2.68
Reform Ken Cannon - Dan Faubion 15,397 1.84
Total votes 838,790 100.0
Republican gain from Democratic

Controversies

In March 2013, Brownback's Budget Director, Steve Anderson, offered his resignation after failing to identify a $2 billion error on a spreadsheet the governor had been using for several months in a presentation aimed at garnering support for his business-friendly fiscal policies.[151] Brownback had used the spreadsheet to assert he was the first cost-cutting Kansas governor in 40 years, despite spending four hundred thousand dollars more in 2012 than the state had spent in 2010 under Democrat Mark Parkinson.

Before working for the Brownback administration, Anderson worked for Americans For Prosperity, a conservative political advocacy group founded by brothers David H. Koch and Charles G. Koch.[152] The Koch brothers have been close political allies of Brownback's for nearly 20 years, and had the governor's approval to promote conservative challengers to Republican moderates already in office during the 2012 election cycle.[153]

See also

References

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  6. ^ National FFA Organization: Prominent Former Members[dead link]
  7. ^ Kansas State University: Sam Brownback Landon Lecture February 22, 2006
  8. ^ Kapochunas, Rachel. Brownback, Set to Launch GOP White House Bid, Will Fight from the Right, CQPolitics.com January 18 2007
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  15. ^ Library of Congress: Thomas. House Resolution 3244. Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000
  16. ^ Alford, Deann. "Free at Last", Christianity Today, February 21, 2007
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  40. ^ Judge blocks de-funding of Planned Parenthood in Kansas
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  74. ^ Countdown with Keith Olbermann, June 7, 2007.
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  81. ^ Intelligent Design in American Classrooms? CNN Larry King Live, August 23, 2005.
  82. ^ Evolution Opponents on the Offensive in Senate, House Government Affairs Program, American Geological Institute.
  83. ^ Breaking News: U.S. Senator Expresses Alarm Over Denial of Tenure to Gonzalez at Iowa State Discovery Institute, EvolutionNews.org, May 22, 2007.
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  95. ^ "Congressional Scorecard for the 111th Congress" (PDF). Human Rights Campaign, Inc. February 23, 2011. p. 20. Retrieved March 1, 2011.
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  102. ^ "Dozens of GOP Leaders Declare Solidarity With Those Who Want To See Homosexuality Outlawed". Right Wing Watch. People for the American Way. 15 December 2010. Retrieved 9 June 2011.
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  104. ^ a b Fernandez, Manny; Eckholm, Erik (11 June 2011). "Texas Governor Draws Criticism on Prayer Event". The New York Times. p. A31. Retrieved 12 June 2011.
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  106. ^ a b Grieve, Tim (November 19, 2003). "Lining up to fight "the forces of evil"". Salon. Retrieved July 15, 2013.
  107. ^ a b McCaslin, John (November 26, 2003). "Inside the Beltway: Redefining Bliss". The Washington Times. Retrieved July 15, 2013.
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  133. ^ Brownlee, Phillip (13 February 2012). "Religious-liberty bill really about discrimination". WE Blog. The Wichita Eagle. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
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  135. ^ "Bill Text - 109th Congress (2005–2006) - THOMAS (Library of Congress)". Thomas.loc.gov. 2005-03-17. Retrieved 2010-08-23.
  136. ^ a b "LEGISLATIVE UPDATE — WEEK ENDING May 27, 2005; STEM CELLS AND SNOWFLAKE BABIES". Religious Freedom Coalition. 27 May 2005. Retrieved 2006-08-29.
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  139. ^ a b Republicans for Environmental Protection 2005 Scorecard
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  141. ^ "Bill Number S. 193". Broadcast Decency Enforcement Act of 2005 (Introduced in Senate) from Congressional THOMAS DB. Retrieved April 11, 2005.
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  147. ^ Brownback Applauds Committee Passage of Native American Apology Resolution. Press release, May 11, 2007[dead link]
  148. ^ BROWNBACK, DORGAN APPLAUD SENATE PASSAGE OF NATIVE AMERICAN APOLOGY RESOLUTION Press release, October 7, 2009
  149. ^ a b "Election Statistics". Office of the Clerk of the House of Representatives. Retrieved 2008-01-10.
  150. ^ "Kansas 2010 General Election November 2, 2010 Unofficial Results". Kansas Secretary of State. November 2, 2010. Retrieved November 11, 2010.
  151. ^ "Brownback's budget director offered to resign after $2 billion error". Dion Lefler, March 9, 2013. http://www.kansascity.com/2013/03/08/4109441/brownbacks-budget-director-offers.html#
  152. ^ "Statehouse Live: Governor-elect Sam Brownback picks veteran team, Americans for Prosperity consultant" Scott Rothschild. December 7, 2010. http://www2.ljworld.com/news/2010/dec/07/kansas-gov-elect-sam-brownback-name-cabinet-tuesda/
  153. ^ "The death of the Kansas moderate?" Rachel Weiner. 08/08/2012. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/post/conservative-takeover-in-kansas-just-the-beginning/2012/08/08/bd27ddd8-e163-11e1-98e7-89d659f9c106_blog.html
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Governor
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U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Member of the House of Representatives
from Kansas's 2nd congressional district
1995–1996 		Succeeded by
Party political offices
Preceded by Republican nominee for Senator from Kansas
(Class 3)
1996, 1998, 2004 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Republican nominee for Governor of Kansas
2010 		Most recent
U.S. Senate
Preceded by United States Senator (Class 3) from Kansas
1996–2011
Served alongside: Nancy Landon Kassebaum, Pat Roberts 		Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by Governor of Kansas
2011–present 		Incumbent
U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded byas Vice President Order of Precedence of the United States
Within Kansas 		Succeeded by
Mayor of city
in which event is held
Succeeded by
Preceded byas Governor of Oregon Order of Precedence of the United States
Outside Kansas 		Succeeded byas Governor of West Virginia

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