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| population = 823318
| population_density_sq_mi = 409
| population_density_sq_mi = 446.2
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'''Ventura County''' is a [[County (United States)|county]] in [[Southern California|the southern part]] of the [[U.S. state]] of [[California]]. It is located on California's [[Pacific Ocean|Pacific]] coast. It often referred to as the Gold Coast,{{Citation needed|date=December 2010}} and has a reputation of being one of the safest populated places and one of the most affluent places in the country.{{Citation needed|date=December 2010}} It is ranked as one of the 100 [[Highest-income counties in the United States|highest-income counties]] in the country and as the sixth [[California locations by per capita income|wealthiest county in California]] by per capita income.{{Citation needed|date=December 2010}} This is partly because it is part of the Tech Coast Area, and has a large presence in technology corporations like telecommunications, healthcare, development, and especially [[biotech]] corporations, most of which are located in the [[Conejo Valley]].{{Citation needed|date=December 2010}} As of December 2008, the [[Real estate pricing|median home price]] was $355,000.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-homes17-2008dec17,0,2443063.story|title=Southern California’s median home price drops below $300,000|work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=2008-12-17 |accessdate=2009-02-27}}</ref>
'''Ventura County''' is a [[County (United States)|county]] in [[Southern California|the southern part]] of the [[U.S. state]] of [[California]]. It is located on California's [[Pacific Ocean|Pacific]] coast. It often referred to as the Gold Coast,{{Citation needed|date=December 2010}} and has a reputation of being one of the safest populated places and one of the most affluent places in the country.{{Citation needed|date=December 2010}} It is ranked as one of the 100 [[Highest-income counties in the United States|highest-income counties]] in the country and as the sixth [[California locations by per capita income|wealthiest county in California]] by per capita income.{{Citation needed|date=December 2010}} This is partly because it is part of the Tech Coast Area, and has a large presence in technology corporations like telecommunications, healthcare, development, and especially [[biotech]] corporations, most of which are located in the [[Conejo Valley]].{{Citation needed|date=December 2010}} As of December 2008, the [[Real estate pricing|median home price]] was $355,000.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-homes17-2008dec17,0,2443063.story|title=Southern California’s median home price drops below $300,000|work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=2008-12-17 |accessdate=2009-02-27}}</ref>


As of the [[United States 2000 Census|2000 census]], the county had a population of 753,197. A more current California Department of Finance estimate places the population at 813,052. The [[county seat]] is the [[city]] of [[Ventura, California|Ventura]] (formally known as San Buenaventura). Ventura County's largest city is [[Oxnard, California|Oxnard]], with a population of about 200,000.
As of the [[United States 2010 Census|2010 census]], the county had a population of 823,318. The [[county seat]] is the [[city]] of [[Ventura, California|Ventura]] (formally known as San Buenaventura). Ventura County's largest city is [[Oxnard, California|Oxnard]], with a population of about 200,000.


==History==
==History==
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Revision as of 23:41, 12 March 2011

County of Ventura
County
Official seal of County of Ventura
Seal
Location in the state of California
Location in the state of California
California's location in the United States
California's location in the United States
CountryUnited States
StateCalifornia
RegionSouthern California
Incorporated1873
County seatVentura
Largest cityOxnard
Area
 • Total2,208 sq mi (5,720 km2)
 • Land1,845 sq mi (4,780 km2)
 • Water363 sq mi (940 km2)
Population
 (2010)
823,318
 • Density446.2/sq mi (172.3/km2)
Time zoneUTC-8 (Pacific Standard Time)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-7 (Pacific Daylight Time)
Websitewww.countyofventura.org

Ventura County is a county in the southern part of the U.S. state of California. It is located on California's Pacific coast. It often referred to as the Gold Coast,[citation needed] and has a reputation of being one of the safest populated places and one of the most affluent places in the country.[citation needed] It is ranked as one of the 100 highest-income counties in the country and as the sixth wealthiest county in California by per capita income.[citation needed] This is partly because it is part of the Tech Coast Area, and has a large presence in technology corporations like telecommunications, healthcare, development, and especially biotech corporations, most of which are located in the Conejo Valley.[citation needed] As of December 2008, the median home price was $355,000.[1]

As of the 2010 census, the county had a population of 823,318. The county seat is the city of Ventura (formally known as San Buenaventura). Ventura County's largest city is Oxnard, with a population of about 200,000.

History

Prior to the arrival of Europeans in California, the area was home to the Chumash tribe of Native Americans.

Spanish period

In October 1542, the expedition led by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo anchored in an inlet near Point Mugu; its members were the first Europeans to arrive in the area that would become Ventura County.[2]

Active occupation of California by Spain began in 1769. Gaspar de Portolà led a military expedition by land from San Diego to Monterey, passing through Ventura County in August of that year. A priest with the expedition, Father Juan Crespi, kept a journal of the trip and noted that the area was ideal for a mission to be established and it was a "good site to which nothing is lacking".[3] Also on this expedition was Father Junípero Serra, who later founded a mission on this site.

On March 31, 1782, the Mission San Buenaventura was founded by Father Serra.[4] It is named after Saint Bonaventure one of the early intellectual founders of the Franciscan Order. The town that grew up around the mission, originally and still officially named San Buenaventura, has been known as Ventura since 1891.[5]

In the 1790s, the Spanish Governor of California began granting land concessions to Spanish Californians, often retiring soldiers. These concessions were known as ranchos and consisted of thousands of acres of land that were used primarily as ranch land for livestock. In Ventura County, Rancho Simi was granted in 1795 and Rancho El Conejo in 1802.

Mexican period

In 1822, California was notified of Mexico's independence from Spain and the Governor of California, the Junta, the military in Monterey and the priests and neophytes at Mission San Buenaventura swore allegiance to Mexico on April 11, 1822. California land that had been vested in the King of Spain was now owned by the nation of Mexico.

By the 1830s, Mission San Buenaventura was in a decline with fewer neophytes joining the mission. The number of cattle owned by the mission dropped from first to fifteenth ranking in the California Missions.[6] The missions were secularized by the Mexican government in 1834. The Mexican governors began granting land rights to Mexican Californians, often retiring soldiers. By 1846, there were 19 rancho grants in Ventura County.[7] In 1836, Mission San Buenaventura was transferred from the Church to a secular administrator. The natives who had been working at the mission gradually left to work on the ranchos. By 1839, only 300 Indians were left at the Mission and it slipped into neglect.[8]

Several outhouses were discovered in July 2007 dating back to the 1800s. They have proved to be a treasure trove for archaeologists who braved the lingering smell in the dirt to uncover some 19th-century artifacts.

American period

Ventura City Hall in Old Town Ventura

The Mexican–American War began in 1846 but its effect was not felt in Ventura County until 1847. In January of that year, Captain John C. Frémont led the California Battalion into San Buenaventura finding that the Europeans had fled leaving only the Indians in the Mission. Fremont and the Battalion continued south to sign the Treaty of Cahuenga with General Andrés Pico. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo formally transferred California to the United States in 1848.[9]

By 1849, a constitution had been adopted for the California territory. The new Legislature met and divided the pending state into 27 counties. At the time, the area that would become Ventura County was the southern part of Santa Barbara County.[10]

The 1860s brought many changes to the area. A drought caused many of the ranchos to experience financial difficulties and most were divided, sub-divided and sold. Large sections of land were bought by eastern capitalists based on favorable reports of petroleum deposits. A United States Post Office was opened at Mission San Buenaventura in 1861. On April 1, 1866, the town of San Buenaventura was incorporated becoming the first officially recognized town in Ventura County.[11]

On January 1, 1873, Ventura County was officially split from Santa Barbara County, bringing a flurry of change. That same year, a courthouse and wharf were built in San Buenaventura. A bank was opened and the first public library was created. The school system grew, with the first high school opening in 1890.[12]

Other towns were starting in the county. A plan for Port Hueneme was recorded in 1874, and Santa Paula's plan was recorded in 1875. The community of Nordhoff (later renamed Ojai) was started in 1874.[13] Piru, Fillmore and Montalvo were established in 1887.[14] 1892 saw Simi (later Simi Valley), Somis, Saticoy and Moorpark. Oxnard was a late-comer, not being established until 1898.[15]

The Southern Pacific Railroad laid tracks through San Buenaventura in 1887. For convenience in printing their timetables, Southern Pacific shortened San Buenaventura to Ventura. The Post Office soon followed suit. While the city remains officially known as San Buenaventura, it is more commonly referred to as Ventura.[16]

Oil has been known in Ventura County since before the arrival of the Europeans, as the native Chumash people used tar from natural seeps as a sealant and waterproofing for baskets and canoes. In the 1860s, several attempts were made to harvest the petroleum products under Ventura County but none were financially successful, and the oil speculators eventually changed from oil to land development. In 1913, oil exploration began in earnest, with Ralph Lloyd obtaining the financial support of veteran oil man Joseph B. Dabney. Their first well, named "Lloyd No. 1", was started on January 20, 1914. The well struck oil at 2558 feet (780 m) but was destroyed when it went wild. Other wells met a similar fate, until 1916, when a deal was struck with the Shell Oil Company. 1916 was the year the large South Mountain Oil Field was discovered, and other deals followed with General Petroleum in 1917 and Associated Oil Company in 1920. At its peak, the largest oil field in the county, the Ventura Avenue oilfield, discovered in 1919 in the hills north of Ventura, was producing 90,000 barrels (14,000 m3) of oil a day, with annual production of over a million and a half barrels. More oil fields came on-line in the 1920s and 1930s, with the Rincon field, the second-largest, in 1927, and the adjacent San Miguelito in 1931.[17][18]

In the early hours of the morning of March 13, 1928, the St. Francis Dam collapsed, sending billions of gallons of water rushing through the Santa Clarita Valley, killing 385 people, destroying 1,240 homes and flooding 7,900 acres (32 km²) of land, devastating farm fields and orchards.[19] This was the largest single disaster to strike Ventura County.

Modern period

File:IMG 0106.jpeg
Typical rush hour traffic in Ventura.

Ventura County can be separated into two major parts, East County and West County.[citation needed] East County consists of all cities east of the Conejo Grade, known locally as "The Grade." East County, geographically, is the end of the Santa Monica Mountains, in which the Conejo Valley is located, and where there is a considerable decrease in elevation. Communities which are considered to be in the East County are Thousand Oaks, Newbury Park, Lake Sherwood, Hidden Valley, Santa Rosa Valley, Oak Park, Moorpark, and Simi Valley.[citation needed] A majority of these communities are in the Conejo Valley, one of the most affluent areas in the United States[citation needed]. West County, which is everything west of the Conejo Grade, consists of communities such as Camarillo, Oxnard, Somis, Point Mugu, Port Hueneme, Ventura, Ojai, Santa Paula, and Fillmore. West County consists of some of the first developed cities in Ventura County. Ventura County's largest beach communities are located in West County on the coastline of the Channel Islands Harbor.

East County

Ventura County consists of a number of suburban areas. Starting in the mid-1900s, there was a large growth in population in the East County, moving from the San Fernando Valley in Los Angeles and out into the Conejo and Simi Valleys, which consists of Calabasas, Hidden Hills, Agoura Hills, Agoura, and parts of Westlake Village belonging to Los Angeles County. The other half of the Conejo Valley, which belongs to Ventura County, consists of Lake Sherwood, Hidden Valley, Oak Park, parts of Westlake Village, Thousand Oaks, and Newbury Park, which was formerly an unincorporated area that is now the most westerly part of Thousand Oaks. Many working-class white people migrated to this area during the 1960s and 1970s out of East and Central Los Angeles. As a result, there was a large growth in population into the Conejo Valley and into Ventura County through the US 101 corridor. Making the US 101 a full freeway in the 1960s, and the expansions that followed, helped make commuting to Los Angeles easier and opened the way for development westward. The communities that have seen the most substantial development are Calabasas, Hidden Hills, Agoura Hills, Westlake Village, Thousand Oaks, and Newbury Park. Development moved farther down the US 101 corridor and sent population rising in West County cities as well. The largest population growth there has been in Camarillo, Oxnard, and Ventura. Development in the East County and along the US 101 corridor is becoming more rare today, because most of these cities were master-planned cities, such as Thousand Oaks and Simi Valley, and are approaching build-out. Although the area still has plenty of open space and land, almost all of it was put aside and mandated never to be developed as part of the master plan of each city. Because of this, its private low-key location, its country feel, and its close proximity to Los Angeles, the Conejo Valley area has become a very attractive place to live. It once had relatively inexpensive real estate, but this has changed due to sharply rising real-estate prices. For example, real estate in Newbury Park has increased in price by over 250% in the last 10 years. Median home prices in the Conejo Valley, for instance, now range from $700,000 to $2.2 million. The Conejo Valley area is one of the most affluent areas in the country.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 2,208 sq mi (5,718.7 km2), of which 1,845 square miles (4,779 km²) is land and 363 square miles (940 km²) (16.43%) is water. Anacapa Island of Channel Islands National Park and San Nicolas Island are located in the county. Begg Rock ,8 miles (13 km), north west of the western tip of San Nicolas Island has claimed one boat.[20]

Most of the population of Ventura County lives in the southern (mainland) portion of the county. The major population centers are the Oxnard Plain and the Simi and Conejo Valleys. In local media, the county is usually split between the eastern portion, generally associated with the San Fernando Valley, and the western portion, often referred to as "Oxnard-Ventura."

North of Highway 126 the county is mountainous and mostly uninhabited, and contains some of the most unspoiled, rugged and inaccessible wilderness remaining in southern California. Most of this land is in the Los Padres National Forest, and includes the Chumash Wilderness in the northernmost portion, adjacent to Kern County, as well as the large Sespe Wilderness and portions of both the Dick Smith Wilderness and Matilija Wilderness (both of these protected areas straddle the line with Santa Barbara County). All of the wilderness areas are within the jurisdiction of Los Padres National Forest.

The highest peaks in the county include Mount Pinos (8831', 2697 m), Frazier Mountain (8017', 2444 m), and Reyes Peak (7525', 2294 m), all except Reyes Peak in the San Emigdio Mountains (Pinos and Frazier Mountain are sometimes assigned to the Tehachapis). The uplands are well-timbered with coniferous forests, and receive plentiful snow in the winter.

Mount Pinos is sacred to the Chumash Indians. It is known to them as Iwihinmu, and was considered to be the center of the universe; being the highest peak in the vicinity, it has a spectacular view, unimpeded in three directions.

The Santa Clara River is the principal waterway. Lake Casitas, an artificial reservoir, is the largest body of water.

Cities

# City 2000 Population 2010 Population[21] % Increase
1 Oxnard 170,358 200,004 17.4%
2 Thousand Oaks 117,005 130,209 11.3%
3 Simi Valley 111,351 126,902 14.0%
4 Ventura (San Buenaventura) 100,916 109,946 9.0%
5 Camarillo 57,084 66,690 16.8%
6 Moorpark 31,415 37,576 19.6%
7 Santa Paula 28,598 30,048 5.1%
8 Port Hueneme 21,845 21,887 0.2%
9 Fillmore 13,643 15,787 15.7%
10 Ojai 7,862 8,226 4.6%


Towns and other communities

Adjacent counties

National protected areas

Transportation infrastructure

Major highways

Unconstructed

Public transportation

Ventura County is served by Amtrak and Metrolink trains, as well as Greyhound Lines, Gold Coast Transit (formerly South Coast Area Transit), and VISTA buses. The cities of Camarillo, Simi Valley and Thousand Oaks have their own small bus systems.

Island Packers ferries connect Ventura with the five islands of Channel Islands National Park.

Airports

  • Oxnard Airport, just west of Downtown Oxnard, is a general aviation airport.
  • Santa Paula Airport is a privately owned airport; however, it is open to the public for general aviation.

Libraries

Public Libraries: Ventura County Library - 14 locations, Oxnard Public Library, Thousand Oaks Library, Moorpark City Library, and Blanchard Community Library (in Santa Paula).

Academic Libraries: California State University Channel Islands, California Lutheran University, St. Thomas Aquinas, Moorpark College, Oxnard College, and Ventura College.

Other: Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Ventura County Law Library.

Politics

Ventura County vote
by party in presidential elections
Year GOP DEM Others
2008 43.0% 145,853 55.3% 187,601 2.2% 7,587
2004 51.2% 160,314 47.3% 148,859 1.3% 4,020
2000 48.2% 136,173 47.1% 133,258 4.7% 13,261
1996 43.5% 109,202 44.1% 110,772 12.4% 31,220
1992 35.5% 94,911 37.0% 99,011 27.5% 73,725
1988 61.6% 147,604 37.2% 89,065 1.2% 2,804
1984 68.7% 151,383 30.2% 66,550 1.2% 2,529
1980 60.3% 114,930 29.5% 56,311 10.2% 19,409
1976 53.2% 82,670 44.1% 68,529 2.7% 4,201
1972 63.2% 95,310 32.7% 49,307 4.1% 6,188
1968 51.4% 59,705 41.1% 47,794 7.5% 8,762
1964 41.0% 40,264 58.8% 57,805 0.2% 169
1960 49.6% 35,074 50.0% 35,334 0.5% 315
1956 49.9% 26,342 49.8% 26,276 0.3% 149
1952 52.5% 24,534 47.0% 21,967 0.6% 256
1948 42.2% 13,930 54.8% 18,100 3.1% 1,019
1944 40.2% 11,071 59.3% 16,342 0.5% 131
1940 42.2% 11,225 57.0% 15,182 0.9% 227
1936 35.8% 7,579 63.1% 13,384 1.1% 235
1932 37.3% 6,908 58.8% 10,903 3.9% 724
1928 70.2% 9,017 28.9% 3,717 0.9% 117
1924 65.2% 5,705 10.4% 911 24.4% 2,139
1920 76.0% 5,231 19.0% 1,305 5.0% 347

Unlike most other areas of Coastal California, Ventura County is relatively evenly split between Democrats and Republicans, with a slight majority tending to support the Republican Party in local and national elections. While Republicans used to win a large majority of votes throughout the 1970s and 1980s, no party has received more than 55% of the county's vote since 1992. Prior to Barack Obama's victory in the county in 2008, the last Democrat to win a majority as Lyndon Johnson in 1964, though Democrat Bill Clinton carried the county by a plurality in 1992 and 1996.

Most of the county's area, including inland areas and the cities of Thousand Oaks and Moorpark, lies in the 24th district, which has a PVI of R +5 (meaning that based on the presidential election results of 2000 and 2004, the district is 5% more Republican than the nation) and is represented by Republican Elton Gallegly. Coastal regions of Ventura County along with the cities of Oxnard and Ventura, the 23rd congressional district, which includes has a Cook Partisan Index (CPI) rating of D +9 and is currently represented by Democrat Lois Capps. In the State Senate, Ventura is part of the 17th, 19th, and 23rd Senate districts, which are held by Republicans Sharon Runner and Tony Strickland and Democrat Fran Pavley, respectively. In the State Assembly, Ventura is in the 35th, 37th, 38th, and 41st districts. The 35th and 41st districts are held by Democrats Das Williams and Julia Brownley, respectively; the 37th and 38th districts are held by Republicans Jeff Gorell and Cameron Smyth, respectively.

Current county supervisors are Steve Bennett, Linda Parks, Kathy Long (Chair), Peter Foy, and John C. Zaragoza. Bob Brooks is the sheriff. Geoff Dean is the sheriff-elect of the Ventura County Sheriff's Department. Bob Roper is the chief of the Ventura County Fire Department.

Republicans have historically held the registration advantage, but on March 3, 2008, Democratic registration surpassed Republican registration.[22] The cities of Camarillo, Moorpark, Simi Valley, and Thousand Oaks all have voter rolls with Republican pluralities. The remaining cities and towns in the county have a Democratic plurality or majority on the voter rolls, while the unincorporated areas are split almost evenly between the parties.

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
190014,367—
191018,34727.7%
192028,72456.6%
193054,97691.4%
194069,68526.8%
1950114,64764.5%
1960199,13873.7%
1970376,43089.0%
1980529,17440.6%
1990669,01626.4%
2000753,19712.6%
2010823,3189.3%

As of the censusTemplate:GR of 2000, there were 753,197 people, 243,234 households, and 182,911 families living in the county. The population density was 408 people per square mile (158/km²). There were 251,712 housing units at an average density of 136 per square mile (53/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 69.93% White, 5.35% Asian, 1.95% Black or African American, 0.94% Native American, 0.22% Pacific Islander, 17.68% from other races, and 3.93% from two or more races. About one third (33.42%) of the population is Hispanic or Latino of any race. 9.8% were of German, 7.7% English and 7.1% Irish ancestry according to Census 2000. 67.1% spoke English, 26.2% Spanish and 1.5% Tagalog as their first language.

There were 243,234 households, of which 39.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.5% were married couples living together, 10.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.8% were non-families. 18.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.04 and the average family size was 3.46.

In the county the population was spread out, with 28.4% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 30.7% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 10.2% who were 65 or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 99.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.5 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $59,666, and the median income for a family was $65,285. Males had a median income of $45,310, versus $32,216 for females. The per capita income for the county was $24,600. About 6.4% of families and 9.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.6% of those under age 18 and 6.3% of those aged 65 or over.

According to an updated 2005 US Census, median household income was $66,859, while the mean was $85,032. Per capita income was up to $29,634, making it the 6th wealthiest county in California.

Environment

In 2010, the County of Ventura completed a solar energy system 492 kilowatts DC in size, on several County buildings. The systems were financed using a solar Power Purchase Agreement, which required no upfront cash from the County. The systems are owned, maintained, and operated by Solar Power Partners and its investors, and were designed and constructed by Solar Power, Inc. The County pays for the solar-generated electricity generated by the system, offsetting a portion of its utility costs.

Entertainment

Lake Sherwood is so called due to its use as the location for Sherwood Forest in the 1922 film, Robin Hood, starring Douglas Fairbanks.[23][24] The 1938 film, The Adventures of Robin Hood, starring Errol Flynn, also had a major scene shot on location at "Sherwood Forest".[25]

On July 23, 1982 actor Vic Morrow and two children actors (My-Ca Dinh Le and Renee Shin-Ye Chen) were filming a helicopter scene for Twilight Zone: The Movie in the area of Indian Dunes in Ventura County when the helicopter lost control and crashed on top of them. Morrow and Le were decapitated and Chen was fatally crushed.

In 2009, the popular VH1 television show Tool Academy was filmed in Ventura County. In 1963, the touching Korean War story The Young and The Brave, featuring a brave and resourceful young boy, was filmed in rural areas of Ventura County.

Also, in 2000 the movie Swordfish filmed the final bank scene on East Main Street in Ventura. The building they used is the white building on the corner.34°16′51″N 119°17′41″W / 34.280823°N 119.294599°W / 34.280823; -119.294599

Many films including Swordfish, Little Miss Sunshine, Chinatown, Erin Brockovich, The Aviator, and The Rock were partly filmed in Ventura.

Downtown Ventura also hosts the Majestic Ventura Theater, a beautiful early century theatre, which is situated about two blocks away from city hall. It serves as a venue for concerts. The theater has seen many bands such as Gregg Allman, John Prine, The Doors, Devo, Van Halen, X, Paramore, She Wants Revenge, Pennywise, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Lamb of God, Social Distortion, Bad Religion, Thrice, Avenged Sevenfold, Fugazi, Incubus, Tom Petty, America, They Might Be Giants, and Modest Mouse, as well as successful local artists such as Army of Freshmen, Big Bad Voodoo Daddy, Gregory Hillman, Bruce Kimmell, Shim Come Quick

Notes

  1. ^ "Southern California's median home price drops below $300,000". Los Angeles Times. 2008-12-17. Retrieved 2009-02-27.
  2. ^ Murphy, p 3-4.
  3. ^ A Comprehensive Story of Ventura County, California, 6.
  4. ^ A Comprehensive Story of Ventura County, California, 8.
  5. ^ Erwin G. Gudde, California Place Names: The Origin and Etymology of Current Geographical Names, 4th ed., rev. and enlarged by William Bright (University of California Press, 1998), p. 410.
  6. ^ A Comprehensive Story of Ventura County, California, 11.
  7. ^ Ventura County Spanish and Mexican Land Grants
  8. ^ A Comprehensive Story of Ventura County, California, 12.
  9. ^ A Comprehensive Story of Ventura County, California, 12–3.
  10. ^ A Comprehensive Story of Ventura County, California, 15.
  11. ^ A Comprehensive Story of Ventura County, California, 16–7.
  12. ^ A Comprehensive Story of Ventura County, California, 22–3.
  13. ^ A Comprehensive Story of Ventura County, California, 23–4.
  14. ^ A Comprehensive Story of Ventura County, California, 25–7.
  15. ^ A Comprehensive Story of Ventura County, California, 27.
  16. ^ A Comprehensive Story of Ventura County, California, 25.
  17. ^ A Comprehensive Story of Ventura County, California, 27–29.
  18. ^ California Oil and Gas Fields, Volumes I, II and III. Vol. I (1998), Vol. II (1992), Vol. III (1982). California Department of Conservation, Division of Oil, Gas, and Geothermal Resources (DOGGR), p. 573.
  19. ^ A Comprehensive Story of Ventura County, California, 31.
  20. ^ Erwin G. Gudde, William Bright (2004). California Place Names: The Origin and Etymology of Current Geographical Names.
  21. ^ California Department of Finance April 29, 2010 E-1 Population Estimates Retrieved 2010-11-29
  22. ^ Democrats take lead in county registration : Local News : Ventura County Star
  23. ^ Behlmer, Rudy (1979). The Adventures of Robin Hood. Madison, Wisconsin: Univ of Wisconsin Press. p. 32. ISBN 0-299-07940-6.
  24. ^ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0013556/locations
  25. ^ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0029843/locations

See also

References

  • Murphy, Arnold L. (1979). A Comprehensive Story of Ventura County, California. Oxnard, California: M & N.

34°22′N 119°09′W / 34.36°N 119.15°W / 34.36; -119.15

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