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Bureau County, Illinois

Coordinates: 41°25′N 89°32′W / 41.41°N 89.53°W / 41.41; -89.53
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Bureau County
County
Red Covered Bridge (1863)
Red Covered Bridge (1863)
Map of Illinois highlighting Bureau County
Location within the U.S. state of Illinois
Map of the United States highlighting Illinois
Illinois's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 41°25′N 89°32′W / 41.41°N 89.53°W / 41.41; -89.53
Country United States
State Illinois
Founded1837
SeatPrinceton
Largest cityPrinceton
Area
 • Total
874 sq mi (2,260 km2)
 • Land869 sq mi (2,250 km2)
 • Water4.5 sq mi (12 km2)  0.5%
Population
 (2010)
 • Total
34,978
 • Density40/sq mi (20/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district16th
Websitebureaucounty-il.gov

Bureau County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2010 census, the population was 34,978.[1] Its county seat is Princeton.[2]

Bureau County is part of the Ottawa–Peru, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Chicago–Naperville, IL–IN–WI Combined Statistical Area. Hennepin Canal Parkway State Park is located partly in this county.

History

Bureau County was created out of Putnam County in 1837. It is named for either Michel or Pierre Bureau, French Canadian brothers who ran a trading post from 1776 until the 1780s near where Big Bureau Creek joins the Illinois River. Their actual surname most likely was Belleau, but the local American Indians had difficulty pronouncing the "l" sound, which was not found in some local languages.[3][4]

The founders of Princeton, the oldest town in the county consisted entirely of settlers from New England. They were descendants of the English Puritans who settled New England in the 17th century. They were part of a wave of New England farmers who moved to the Northwest Territory in the early 19th century. Most of them came soon after of the completion of the Erie Canal.[5] When they arrived in what is now Bureau County there was nothing but a virgin forest and wild prairie, the New Englanders laid out farms, constructed roads, erected government buildings and established post routes. They brought with them many of their Yankee New England values, such as a passion for education, establishing many schools as well as staunch support for abolitionism. They were mostly members of the Congregationalist Church though some were Episcopalian. Culturally Bureau County, like much of northern Illinois would be culturally very continuous with early New England culture, for most of its history.[6][7][8]

Like so many other areas in the Midwest, this county was on a "line" of the Underground Railroad. There was a "station" at the home of Owen Lovejoy in Princeton, as well as several other locations throughout the county.

  • Bureau County at the time of its creation in 1837
    Bureau County at the time of its creation in 1837

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 874 square miles (2,260 km2), of which 869 square miles (2,250 km2) is land and 4.5 square miles (12 km2) (0.5%) is water.[9] Big Bureau Creek is the main body of water.

Adjacent counties

Major highways

Climate and weather

Princeton, Illinois
Climate chart (explanation)
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1.5
 
 
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2.9
 
 
47
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2.5
 
 
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█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches
Source: The Weather Channel[10]
Metric conversion
J
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42
 
 
−2
−10
 
 
38
 
 
2
−7
 
 
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23
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28
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85
 
 
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121
 
 
28
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93
 
 
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75
 
 
17
6
 
 
74
 
 
8
−1
 
 
62
 
 
1
−7
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█ Precipitation totals in mm

In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Princeton have ranged from a low of 14 °F (−10 °C) in January to a high of 85 °F (29 °C) in July, although a record low of −22 °F (−30 °C) was recorded in February 1996 and a record high of 102 °F (39 °C) was recorded in June 1988. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 1.48 inches (38 mm) in February to 4.76 inches (121 mm) in August.[10]

Demographics

2000 census age pyramid for Bureau County.
Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18403,067—
18508,841188.3%
186026,426198.9%
187032,41522.7%
188033,1722.3%
189035,0145.6%
190041,11217.4%
191043,9757.0%
192042,648−3.0%
193038,845−8.9%
194037,600−3.2%
195037,7110.3%
196037,594−0.3%
197038,5412.5%
198039,1141.5%
199035,688−8.8%
200035,503−0.5%
201034,978−1.5%
2015 (est.)33,587[11]−4.0%
U.S. Decennial Census[12]
1790-1960[13] 1900-1990[14]
1990-2000[15] 2010-2013[1]

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 34,978 people, 14,262 households, and 9,605 families residing in the county.[16] The population density was 40.2 inhabitants per square mile (15.5/km2). There were 15,720 housing units at an average density of 18.1 per square mile (7.0/km2).[9] The racial makeup of the county was 94.2% white, 0.7% Asian, 0.6% black or African American, 0.3% American Indian, 3.0% from other races, and 1.3% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 7.7% of the population.[16] In terms of ancestry, 32.8% were German, 13.8% were Irish, 12.1% were English, 9.2% were American, 8.8% were Italian, 7.6% were Swedish, and 5.8% were Polish.[17]

Of the 14,262 households, 29.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.6% were married couples living together, 9.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 32.7% were non-families, and 28.0% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.94. The median age was 42.5 years.[16]

The median income for a household in the county was $45,692 and the median income for a family was $55,217. Males had a median income of $42,327 versus $29,210 for females. The per capita income for the county was $24,103. About 8.6% of families and 11.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.3% of those under age 18 and 7.5% of those age 65 or over.[18]

Communities

Cities

Villages

Unincorporated community

Townships

Bureau County is divided into these twenty-five townships:

Notable people

See also

References

Specific
  1. ^ a b "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 3, 2014.
  2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on 2011-05-31. Retrieved 2011-06-07. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ Pierre de Beuro, an Indian trader Pioneers of Illinois by Nehemiah Matson, 1882, p. 229
  4. ^ Jean Baptiste Point de Sable : the founder of modern Chicago by John F. Swenson, 1999- . Retrieved 11 November 2010.
  5. ^ Henry C. Bradsby (1885). History of Bureau County, Illinois. Unigraphic. pp. 246–.
  6. ^ Nehemiah Matson (1872). Reminiscences of Bureau County [Illinois] in Two Parts. Republican book and job office. pp. 265–.
  7. ^ https://books.google.com/books?id=U2VBAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA223&dq=Bureau+County,+Illinois+%22New+England%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ooZWVNK-Hoy1oQSDxYKQAQ&ved=0CCQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=%22New%20England%22&f=false
  8. ^ https://books.google.com/books?id=6k80AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA246&dq=Bureau+County,+Illinois+%22New+England%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ooZWVNK-Hoy1oQSDxYKQAQ&ved=0CB8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Bureau%20County%2C%20Illinois%20%22New%20England%22&f=false
  9. ^ a b "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2015-07-11.
  10. ^ a b "Monthly Averages for Princeton, Illinois". The Weather Channel. Retrieved 2011-01-27.
  11. ^ "County Totals Dataset: Population, Population Change and Estimated Components of Population Change: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015". Retrieved July 2, 2016.
  12. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on May 11, 2015. Retrieved July 3, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  13. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved July 3, 2014.
  14. ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 3, 2014.
  15. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 3, 2014.
  16. ^ a b c "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2015-07-11.
  17. ^ "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2015-07-11.
  18. ^ "DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2015-07-11.
General
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41°25′N 89°32′W / 41.41°N 89.53°W / 41.41; -89.53

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