List of countries by population in 1800

Historical Demographics
Altar Domitius Ahenobarbus Louvre
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Demographic history
Historical demography
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List of Countries by Population
1700	1800	1900

This is a list of countries by population in 1800. Estimate numbers are from the beginning of the year, and exact population figures are for countries that were having a census in the year 1800 (which were on various dates in that year).

Rank	Country/Territory	Population c. 1800	Percentage of World Population
-	World	978,000,000	-
1	Qing Empire^[1] Taiwan - 2,000,000 Mongolia - 180,000 Ryūkyū^[2] - 155,650 Hong Kong - 20,000	328,000,000	33.5
2	British Empire^{[note 1]} Bengal Presidency - 35,801,000 Madras Presidency - 13,400,000 Kingdom of Great Britain - 10,000,000 Bombay Presidency - 9,174,000 Kingdom of Ireland - 5,200,000 Kingdom of Mysore - 1,969,000 Canada (Upper & Lower) - 300,000 Jamaica - 250,000 Barbados - 81,000 Guyana - 50,000 Grenada - 20,000 Trinidad & Tobago - 17,643 Belize - 15,000 The Bahamas - 8,000 Australia - 5,217 Bermuda - 4,000 Hyderabad State - ? Hannover - ? Oudh State - ? Gwalior State - ? Baroda State - ? Mudhol State - ?	114,500,000	11.5
3	Maratha Empire Mughal Empire - ?	75,000,000	7.7
4	French Republic^[3] French First Republic - 26,758,000 Belgium - 4,000,000 Ligurian Republic - 2,011,000 Helvetic Republic - 1,600,000 Cisrhenian Republic - 1,600,000 Cisalpine Republic - 1,300,000 Saint-Domingue - 657,000 French India - 175,000 Luxembourg - 140,000 Malta - 60,000 Mauritius - 52,000 Louisiana - 44,116 French Guiana - 14,500 Saint Pierre and Miquelon - ?	38,378,000	3.9
5	Russian Empire Russia - 21,248,000 Ukraine^[4] - 7,800,000 Romania - 1,770,000 Russian Poland - 1,200,000 Finland - 1,000,000 Governorate of Livonia and Courland Governorate - 725,000 Governorate of Estonia - 650,000 Grand Duchy of Lithuania - 600,000 Georgia - 495,000 Septinsular Republic - 120,000 Wallachia - ?	35,500,000	3.6
6	Tokugawa shogunate Ryūkyū^[2] - 155,650	29,000,000	3.0
7	Ottoman Empire Anatolia - 9,800,000 Egypt Eyalet - 4,200,000 Beylik of Tunis - 2,500,00 Bulgaria - 1,900,000 Ottoman Tripolitania - 1,000,000 Iraq- 1,000,000 Ottoman Algeria - 875,000 Greece - 820,000 Habesh Eyalet - 800,000 Serbia - 750,000 Syria - 500,000 Sidon Eyalet - 400,000 Albania - 400,000 Palestine - 275,000 Moldavia - 285,000 Septinsular Republic - 120,000 Ottoman Cyprus - 64,000 Wallachia - ? Bosnia Eyalet - ? Ottoman Crete - ?	25,689,000	2.6
8	Spanish Empire ^[5] Kingdom of Spain - 10,541,000 New Spain - 5,945,000 New Granada - 2,300,000 Río de la Plata - 2,082,000 Philippines - 1,800,000 Peru - 1,400,000 Chile - 800,000 Guatemala - 425,000 Cuba - 300,000 Puerto Rico - 136,000 Louisiana - 44,116 Yucatán - ? Provincias Internas - ?	24,710,115	2.5
9	Holy Roman Empire Electorate of Bavaria - 3,200,000 Kingdom of Bohemia - 2,810,000 Archduchy of Austria - 1,820,000 Margraviate of Brandenburg - 1,500,000 Duchy of Württemberg - 1,350,000 Margraviate of Moravia - 1,260,000 Electorate of Saxony - 1,050,000 Margraviate of Baden - 912,000 Duchy of Styria - 800,000 Imperial Free City of Trieste - 40,000 Thuringian states - 612,000 County of Tyrol - 610,000 Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt - 520,000 Duchy of Carniola - 400,000 Duchy of Holstein - 350,000 Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin - 318,000 Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin - 300,000 Nassau - 270,000 Austrian Silesia - 250,000 Bishopric of Würzburg - 250,000 Duchy of Oldenburg - 159,000 Principality of Reuss Elder Line - 76,308 Principality of Lippe - 70,540 Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz - 70,000 Anhalt-Dessau - 52,000 Arenberg - 48,000 Anhalt-Bernburg - 35,000 Anhalt-Köthen - 33,000 Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe - 20,132 Liechtenstein - 5,400 Archbishopric of Salzburg- ? Hannover - ? Electorate of Mainz - ? Electorate of Trier - ? Electorate of Cologne - ? Electoral Palatinate - ? Duchy of Brunswick-Luneburg - ? Saxe-Lauenburg - ? Prince-Bishopric of Münster - ? Duchy of Magdeburg - ? Hamburg - ? Hesse-Homburg - ? Free City of Lübeck - ? Schleswig - ? Bishopric of Lübeck - ? Principality of Ansbach - ?	24,000,000	2.5
10	Habsburg Monarchy Kingdom of Hungary - 6,300,000 Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria - 3,900,000 Kingdom of Bohemia - 2,810,000 Venetian Province - 1,845,000 Archduchy of Austria - 1,820,000 Principality of Transylvania - 1,500,000 Margraviate of Moravia - 1,260,000 Kingdom of Croatia - 850,000 Duchy of Styria - 800,000 County of Tyrol - 610,000 Duchy of Carniola - 400,000 Duchy of Carinthia - 300,000 Dalmatia - 300,000 Austrian Silesia - 250,000 Duchy of Bukovina - 130,000 Imperial Free City of Trieste - 40,000 Republic of Ragusa - 30,000 Kingdom of Slavonia - ?	23,145,000	2.4
11	Kingdom of Prussia Margraviate of Brandenburg - 1,500,000	10,500,000	1.1
12	Joseon	9,500,000	1
13	Portuguese Empire ^[5] Portugal - 2,970,000 Viceroyalty of Brazil - 3,600,000 Mozambique - 1,250,000 Angola - 1,010,000 Timor - 300,000 Portuguese India - 210,000 Cape Verde - ? Guinea - ? Portuguese Macau - ?	9,270,000	0.7
14	Kingdom of the Two Sicilies ^[3] Kingdom of Naples - 5,000,000 Kingdom of Sicily - 1,700,000	6,700,000	0.7
15	Annam	6,500,000	0.7
16	Dutch Empire (Client state of French Republic) Dutch East Indies - 4,200,000 Batavian Republic - 1,850,000 Surinam - 54,000 Bengal - ? Coromandel - ? Suratte - ? Gold Coast - ? Curaçao and Dependencies - ? Aruba - ? Dutch India - ?	6,200,000	0.6
17	United States of America	5,308,500	0.5
18	Siam	4,200,000	0.4
19	Persia	3,500,000	0.4
20	Burma	3,200,000	0.3
21	Morocco^[1]	2,600,000	-
22	Sweden ^[6]	2,347,000	0.2
23	Papal States^[7]	2,300,000	0.2
24	Denmark–Norway^[6] Denmark - 929,000 Norway- 883,000 Holstein - 350,000 Iceland- 46,000 Danish West Indies - 40,000 Greenland - 5,000 Schleswig - ? Danish India - ?	2,200,000	0.2
25	Emirate of Diriyah ^[1] Trucial Sheiks - 41,000	2,132,000	0.2
26	Cambodia^[1]	2,090,000	0.2
27	Sikh Empire	1,500,000	0.2
28	Grand Duchy of Tuscany^[3]	1,200,000	0.1
29	Kingdom of Kandy	482,000	-
30	Kingdom of Sardinia ^[3]	450,000	-
31	Bhutan	430,000	-
32	Parma ^[3]	400,000	-
33	Sultanate of Oman^[1] Oman - 300,000 Bahrain - 63,000	363,000	-
34	Republic of Lucca ^[3]	120,000	-
35	Gozo	16,000	-
36	Qatar^[1]	14,000	-
37	Brunei	12,000	-
38	San Marino	6,600	-
39	Principality of Andorra	5,000	-
40	Anziku	?	-
41	Aro	?	-
42	Ashanti Empire	?	-
43	Kingdom of Baguirmi	?	-
44	Bamana Empire	?	-
45	Baol	?	-
46	Benin	?	-
47	Alwar	?	-
48	Bornu	?	-
49	Sirmur State	?	-
50	Buganda	?	-
51	Bukhara	?	-
52	Bunyoro	?	-
53	Alirajpur	?	-
54	Burundu	?	-
55	Ahom Kingdom	?	-
56	Durrani Empire	?	-
57	Nawab of the Carnatic	?	-
58	Sultanate of Lahej	?	-
59	Cayor	?	-
60	Champasak	?	-
61	Cospaia	?	-
62	Couto Misto	?	-
63	Pashalik of Timbuktu (Under dominion of Tuareg people)	?	-
64	Ethiopia	?	-
65	Fiji	?	-
66	Futa Jallon	?	-
67	Garo	?	-
68	Gomma	?	-
69	Travancore	?	-
70	Janjero	?	-
71	Jimma	?	-
72	Johor	?	-
73	Jolof	?	-
74	Kaabu	?	-
75	Kaffa	?	-
76	Kénédougou	?	-
77	Khasso	?	-
78	Khiva	?	-
79	Kokand	?	-
80	Kong	?	-
81	Kongo	?	-
82	Baté Empire	?	-
83	Koya Temne	?	-
84	Kuba	?	-
85	Loango	?	-
86	Luba	?	-
87	Lunda	?	-
88	Maldives	?	-
89	Manipur (princely state)	?	-
90	Mindanao	?	-
91	Massina Empire	?	-
92	Monaco	?	-
93	Montenegro	?	-
94	Mthethwa Paramountcy	?	-
95	Nepal	?	-
96	Ouaddai	?	-
97	Oyo Dahomey - ?	?	-
98	Pahang	?	-
99	Perak	?	-
100	Rapa Nui	?	-
101	Rwanda	?	-
102	Aceh Sultanate	?	-
103	Samoa	?	-
104	Selangor	?	-
105	Montenegro	?	-
106	Kingdom of Sikkim	?	-
107	Sulu	?	-
108	Tahiti	?	-
109	Tonga	?	-
110	Upper Yafa	?	-
111	Welayta	?	-
112	Karnataka	?	-
113	Sultanate of Darfur	?	-
114	Imamate of Futa Toro	?	-
115	Mossi Kingdoms	?	-
116	Saloum	?	-
117	Sultanate of Sennar)	?	-
118	Shilluk Kingdom	?	-
119	Kingdom of Sine	?	-
120	Wadai Empire	?	-
121	Sultanate of Kano	?	-
122	Sultanate of Damagaram	?	-
123	Waalo	?	-
124	Dendi Kingdom	?	-
125	Ankole	?	-
126	Ajaigarh	?	-

Note: The aggregate populations will exceed the total population because some states existed in multiple entities. For example, the Kingdom of Prussia and the Hapsburg Monarchy had holdings that were also part of the Holy Roman Empire (though not all of the Prussian and Hapsburg territories shared this aspect). In another case, the province of Wallachia was a vassal of the Ottoman sultan, but also a tributary of the Russian Empire.

Notes[edit]

^ Several territories were under the rule of the British East India Company rather than being directly controlled by the British government. London would not directly manage the Indian princely states until 1858

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Two Thousand Years of Economic Statistics, Volume 1". Retrieved 6 May 2016.
^ ^a ^b (a) Yoshio Oguchi, "Demographics of Satsuma Domian", Reimeikan Chōsa Kenkyū Hōkoku (no. 11), pp. 87–134 (1998). (b) Yoshio Oguchi, "Demographics of Satsuma Domian and early modern Ryūkyū", Reimeikan Chōsa Kenkyū Hōkoku (no. 13), pp. 1–42 (2000) (all in Japanese).
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Tacitus, Historical Populations of European States". Retrieved 6 May 2016.
^ Left-bank Ukraine and Right-bank Ukraine included.
^ ^a ^b "Population Statistics: Historical Demography". Retrieved 29 June 2016.
^ ^a ^b "Population of Scandinavia". Retrieved 22 April 2016.
^ "Papal States". Retrieved 22 April 2016.

Kurt Witthauer. Bevölkerung der Erde (1958)
Calendario atlante de Agostini, anno 99 (2003)
The Columbia gazetteer of the world (1998)
Britannica book of the year : world data (1997)

[3] Several territories were under the rule of the British East India Company rather than being directly controlled by the British government. London would not directly manage the Indian princely states until 1858

[Two_Thousand_Years_of_Economic_Statistics.2C_Volume_1-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Two Thousand Years of Economic Statistics, Volume 1". Retrieved 6 May 2016.

[Ryukyu-2] (a) Yoshio Oguchi, "Demographics of Satsuma Domian", Reimeikan Chōsa Kenkyū Hōkoku (no. 11), pp. 87–134 (1998). (b) Yoshio Oguchi, "Demographics of Satsuma Domian and early modern Ryūkyū", Reimeikan Chōsa Kenkyū Hōkoku (no. 13), pp. 1–42 (2000) (all in Japanese).

[Tacitus.2C_Historical_Populations_of_European_States-4] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Tacitus, Historical Populations of European States". Retrieved 6 May 2016.

[5] Left-bank Ukraine and Right-bank Ukraine included.

[Population_Statistics:_Historical_Demography-6] "Population Statistics: Historical Demography". Retrieved 29 June 2016.

[Population_of_Scandinavia-7] "Population of Scandinavia". Retrieved 22 April 2016.

[8] "Papal States". Retrieved 22 April 2016.

[1]

[2]

[note 1]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

v t e Lists of countries by population statistics

World population	Current population Current population (United Nations)

Continental	Asia Africa Europe North America Oceania South America

Regional	Americas Arab world Caribbean Commonwealth of Nations Eurasia European Union Islands Latin America Middle East

Cities	National capitals Cities proper Metropolitan areas Urban areas Megacities Megalopolises

Past population	Past population (United Nations) Past and future population 1000 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 1907 1939 2000 2005 2010

Population density	Current density Current real density based on food growing capacity

Growth indicators	Population growth rate Natural increase Birth rate Mortality rate Fertility rate

Other demographics	Age at first marriage Divorce rate Domestic citizens Ethnic and cultural diversity level Foreign-born population Immigrant population Median age Net migration rate Number of households Sex ratio Urban population Urbanization

Health	Antiviral medications for pandemic influenza HIV/AIDS adult prevalence rate Infant mortality rate Life expectancy Percentage suffering from undernourishment Health expenditure covered by government Suicide rate Total health expenditure (PPP) per capita Body Mass Index (BMI)

Education and innovation	Bloomberg Innovation Index Education Index Graduates in natural sciences and engineering International Innovation Index Innovation Union Scoreboard Literacy rate Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies Progress in International Reading Literacy Study Student skills Tertiary education attainment Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study Women's average years in school World Intellectual Property Indicators

Economic	Development aid given Foreign aid received Employment rate Irrigated land area Human Development Index by country inequality-adjusted Human Poverty Index Imports Income equality Job security Labour force Number of millionaires (US dollars) Number of billionaires (US dollars) Percentage living in poverty Public sector Sen social welfare function Unemployment rate

List of international rankings List of top international rankings by country Lists by country

List of countries by population in 1800

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References[edit]

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