Maranao language
Maranaoan | |
---|---|
Mëranaw | |
Native to | Philippines |
Region | twin provinces of Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur |
Ethnicity | Maranao people |
Native speakers | (780,000 cited 1990 census)[1] |
Latin; Historically written in Arabic | |
Official status | |
Official language in | Regional language in the Philippines |
Regulated by | Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | mrw |
Glottolog | mara1404 |
![]() Area where Maranao is spoken |
Maranaoan (Maranao [ˈmәranaw] Mëranaw)[2] is an Austronesian language spoken by the Maranao people in the provinces of Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur in the Philippines, and in Sabah, Malaysia.
Iranun was once considered a dialect.
Unique among other Danao languages, Maranaoan is spoken with a distinct downstep accent, as opposed to stress accent.
Phonology
Below is the sound system of Mëranaw including underlying phonetic features.[3]
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | ɪ | u | |
Mid | ə | o | |
Open | a |
Consonants
Bilabial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ŋ | ||||
Plosive | Voiceless | ʔ | |||||
Voiced | b | d | ɡ | ||||
Fricative | (h) | ||||||
Flap | ɾ | ||||||
Lateral | l | ||||||
Approximant | w | j |
Velar fricative [h]
According to Lobel (2013), [h] only occurs in a select number of Malay loanwords:
- tohan 'God'
- tahon 'astrological sign'
- hadapan 'in front (of God)'
Consonant elongation
Consonants are also pronounced longer if preceded with a schwa ə. However, this process is not a form of gemination since consonant elongation in Mëranaw is not distinctive as seen in other Philippine languages such as Ilokano and Ibanag. Some of these are:
- tëpad [təpːad] 'get off a vehicle'
- tëkaw [təkːaw] 'startled; surprised'
- Mëranaw is spoken by the Maranao tribe.
- Solutan (Sultan) (Sultan of Gandamatu) Sultan sa Gandamatu.
See also
References
- ^ Maranaoan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ http://www.kwf.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/Ortograpiyang-Pambansa1.pdf
- ^ Lobel, Jason William. 2013. Philippine and North Bornean languages: issues in description, subgrouping, and reconstruction. Ph.D. dissertation. Manoa: University of Hawai'i at Manoa.
External links
- Bansa.org, Maranao Dictionary
- The files for a Maranao lexical database with English glosses are archived with Kaipuleohone