List of assassinations in Europe
Appearance
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Assassinations which took place on the continent of Europe include the following.
For the purposes of this article, an assassination is defined as the deliberate, premeditated murder of a prominent figure, often for religious or political reasons.
Albania
Austria
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1913 | Franz Schuhmeier, socialist member of the Reichsrat | Paul Kunschak | |
1916 | Count Karl von Stürgkh, Minister-President of Austria | Friedrich Adler | Assassinated by Social Democratic politician in protest of World War I |
1925 | Hugo Bettauer, journalist and writer, critic of antisemitism | Otto Rothstock, Austrian Nazi Party member | |
1934 | Engelbert Dollfuss, Chancellor of Austria[1] | Paul Hudl, Otto Planetta and other Austrian Nazis | Part of a failed coup d'état, the July Putsch. |
1936 | Wilhelm Gustloff, founder of the Swiss NSDAP/AO | David Frankfurter | Killed in his office. |
1936 | Moritz Schlick, German philosopher | Johann Nelböck, student | Shot at the University of Vienna |
1975 | Daniş Tunalıgil, Turkish ambassador | Justice Commandos of the Armenian Genocide | |
1987 | Hamid Reza Chitgar, exiled Iranian politician | Agents of the Ministry of Intelligence of the Islamic Republic of Iran | |
1989 | Abdul Rahman Ghassemlou, dissident Kurdish Iranian political leader | Intelligence operatives of the Iranian Ministry of Intelligence led by Mohammad Jafar Sahraroudi | Killed in Vienna during negotiations |
2009 | Umar Israilov, Former bodyguard of Chechen President Ramzan Kadyrov | Chechen criminal group, ordered by Ramzan Kadyrov |
Belarus
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1943 | Wilhelm Kube, German Nazi Generalkommissar for Weissruthenien (Belarus) | Yelena Mazanik, a Soviet partisan | Killed in Minsk during the Second World War |
1948 | Solomon Mikhoels, Chairman of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee[2] | Police officers, led by Sergei Ogoltsov | Ordered by Joseph Stalin |
Belgium
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1127 | Charles I, Count of Flanders | Hacked to death by knights with broadswoards in St. Donatian's Cathedral | |
1950 | Julien Lahaut, chairman of the Communist Party of Belgium | Belgian royalists | Shot in his home town of Seraing. |
1971 | Maximiliano Gómez, Dominican communist leader | Poisoned by his lover in Brussels. | |
1990 | Gerald Bull, Canadian developer of the Martlet cannon | Shot outside his apartment in Brussels. Believed to have been assassinated by the Mossad for his work on the Project Babylon "supergun" in Ba'athist Iraq | |
1991 | André Cools, former President of the Walloon Council, former Chairman of the Socialist Party and Minister of State | Killed in Liège. |
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1415 | Pavle Radinović, nobleman | Sandalj Hranić, Vukmir Zlatonosović and his men | |
1914 | Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie | Gavrilo Princip | Assassinated by the Serbian nationalist organization the Black Hand in Sarajevo. This assassination played a role in starting World War I[1] |
1993 | Hakija Turajlić, deputy prime minister | Army of Republika Srpska | Killed at a roadblock while under UNPROFOR escort during the Bosnian War |
Bulgaria
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1196 | Ivan Asen I, Tsar of Bulgaria | Ivanko | |
1895 | Stefan Stambolov, former Prime Minister of Bulgaria | Died in Sofia after being stabbed. | |
1907 | Dimitar Petkov, Prime Minister of Bulgaria | Killed in Sofia by an anarchist. | |
1923 | Aleksandar Stamboliyski, Prime Minister of Bulgaria | Killed in his home town of Slavovitsa during the 9 June coup d'état | |
1925 | Stefan Nerezov, former Chief of the General Staff | Was among 150 killed in the Saint Nedelya Church bombing | |
1943 | Hristo Lukov, military officer, former Minister of War and leader of the far-right Union of Bulgarian National Legions | Violeta Yakova | Killed by the Bulgarian Resistance in Sofia. |
1995 | Vasil Iliev, insurance boss and owner of "VIS-2", former wrestler | Shot while being driven in Sofia. | |
1996 | Andrey Lukanov, former Prime Minister of Bulgaria[3] | Shot outside his apartment in Sofia. | |
2003 | Iliya Pavlov, president of Multigroup corporation and the wealthiest man in Bulgaria, former wrestler | Shot outside his office in Sofia. | |
2005 | Georgi Iliev, football club owner, brother of the assassinated Vasil Iliev | Shot in a restaurant in Sunny Beach. | |
2005 | Emil Kyulev, banker, ex-professional swimmer, voted Mr. Economics in Bulgaria for 2002 | Shot while driving along Bulgaria Boulevard, Sofia. | |
2006 | Ivan "Doktora" Todorov, businessman accused of smuggling | ||
2008 | Borislav Georgiev, CEO of "Atomenergoremont" nuclear plant repair company |
Croatia
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
480 | Julius Nepos, Roman emperor | Assassinated near Salona (modern Solin). | |
1931 | Milan Šufflay, nationalist writer | ||
1933 | Josip Predavec, politician and vice-president of the Croatian Peasant Party | ||
1991 | Ante Paradžik, politician and founder of the Croatian Party of Rights | ||
2008 | Ivo Pukanić, journalist | See Assassination of Ivo Pukanić |
Cyprus
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1970 | Polykarpos Giorkatzis, government minister | Shot in Mia Milia | |
1974 | Rodger Paul Davies, United States Ambassador to Cyprus | Killed by EOKA B sniper fire during an anti-American demonstration in Nicosia denouncing the Turkish invasion of Cyprus |
Czech Republic
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
921 | Saint Ludmila, wife of Duke Bořivoj, grandmother of Duke Václav I | Tunna and Gomon | Strangled by Viking warriors hired by Ludmila's daughter-in-law Drahomíra I. |
935 | Václav I (Saint Wenceslas), Duke of Bohemia | Stabbed to death in Stará Boleslav by noblemen affiliated with Boleslaus the Cruel | |
1306 | Václav III, King of Bohemia | Killed in Olomouc. | |
1634 | Albrecht von Wallenstein, Bohemian Generalissimo during the Thirty Years' War | Walter Devereux | Stabbed to death in Cheb. |
1923 | Alois Rašín, Finance Minister of Czechoslovakia | Josef Šoupal | Shot in Prague. |
1923 | Rayko Daskalov, Bulgarian politician and former cabinet minister | Yordan Tsitsonkov | Shot by the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization in Prague |
1927 | Ceno Kryeziu, Albanian ambassador to Czechoslovakia | Alqiviadh Bebi | Shot in Prague. |
1942 | Reinhard Heydrich, General in the Nazi German Schutzstaffel, major organizer of the Holocaust and governor of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia | Jan Kubiš, Jozef Gabčík | Died after being wounded by a bomb thrown at him as he was being driven through Libeň near Prague, as part of Operation Anthropoid organized by the Czechoslovak government-in-exile and the British Special Operations Executive. The Lidice Massacre followed as retribution by the Nazis. A legend has it that he deliberately put the Crown of Bohemia on his head beforehand, meaning an untimely death. |
2006 | František Mrázek, controversial entrepreneur | Shot in the heart by a sniper |
Denmark
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1086 | Canute IV, King of Denmark | Killed in a peasant revolt | |
1286 | Erik V Klipping, King of Denmark | Killed in a conspiracy by members of the nobility |
Estonia
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1924 | Jaak Nanilson, member of the Riigikogu | Unknown (suspects were acquitted due to lack of evidence) | The assassination was endorsed by local pro-communist MPs and in the Soviet media |
1924 | Karl Kark, Minister of Transportation | Shot by communist insurgents during the 1924 Estonian coup d'état attempt. | |
1930 | Johan Unt, military major-general | Unknown |
Finland
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1904 | Nikolai Ivanovich Bobrikov, Governor-General of Finland | Eugen Schauman | Killed by a Finnish nationalist for implementing Russification in Finland. Happens on day described in James Joyce's novel Ulysses, is briefly mentioned in the book. |
1905 | Eliel Soisalon-Soininen, Chancellor of Justice | Lennart Hohenthal | Shot in his apartment in Helsinki. |
1911 | Valde Hirvikanta, President of the Turku Court of Appeal | Bruno Forsström | |
1922 | Heikki Ritavuori, Minister of the Interior | Ernst Tandefelt | Shot at his home in Helsinki. |
France
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1354 | Charles d'Espagne, constable of France | Jean de Soult | |
1358 | Étienne Marcel, Parisian merchant | ||
1407 | Louis of Valois, Duke of Orléans | ||
1419 | John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy | Tanneguy du Chastel and Jean Louvet | Killed during a parley with the Dauphin (the future Charles VII of France) |
1572 | Gaspard de Coligny | Besme | Killed during the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre |
1589 | Henri III, King of France | Jacques Clément | Killed due to religious-political antagonism. |
1610 | Henri IV, King of France | François Ravaillac | Killed due to religious-political antagonism. |
1617 | Concino Concini, chief minister to King Louis XIII | ||
1789 | Jacques de Flesselles, Provost of Paris | ||
1793 | Jean-Paul Marat, revolutionary | Charlotte Corday | Stabbed in his bathtub. Later seen as a patriotic act.[by whom?] |
1820 | Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry, younger son of the future King Charles X | Louis Pierre Louvel | |
1894 | Marie François Sadi Carnot, President of France | Sante Geronimo Caserio, anarchist | Stabbed to death after a speech in Lyon. |
1902 | Emile Zola, novelist and journalist | Possibly killed in relation to the Dreyfus Affair and his publishing of his letter J'Accuse…! | |
1914 | Jean Jaurès, Socialist politician and pacifist[4] | Raoul Villain | Killed in Paris. The assassin was tried and acquitted in 1919. |
1920 | Esat Toptani, former Prime Minister of Albania | Avni Rustemi | |
1926 | Symon Petlyura, exiled President of Ukraine | Sholom Schwartzbard | Killed in Paris. The jury acquitted the murderer.[5] |
1930 | Noe Ramishvili, former Prime Minister of Georgia | Cheka agents | Killed in Paris |
1932 | Paul Doumer, President of France | Paul Gorguloff | Shot by a Russian emigre at a book fair at the Hôtel Salomon de Rothschild in Paris.[1] |
1934 | Alexander I of Yugoslavia, king of Yugoslavia | Vlado Chernozemski, member of the IMRO | Killed in Marseille during a state visit.[6] |
1938 | Ernst vom Rath, German diplomat | Herschel Grynszpan | Killed in Paris. His murder was used as an excuse by the Nazis to commit the Kristallnacht in Germany |
1941 | Marx Dormoy, socialist and former Interior Minister of France | Killed by a bomb believed to have been placed by the far-right organization La Cagoule | |
1944 | Constant Chevillon, head of FUDOFSI | Killed by the Gestapo in Lyon | |
1944 | Philippe Henriot, State secretary for Information and Propaganda of Vichy France | Killed by French resistants in Paris | |
1944 | Georges Mandel, former radical-socialist Interior Minister and French resistant | Killed by miliciens in the forest of Fontainebleau | |
1944 | Eugène Deloncle, milicien and former leader of clandestine far-right organisation La Cagoule | Killed by the Gestapo | |
1961 | Camille Blanc, Mayor of Évian-les-Bains | Organisation armée secrète | Killed for hosting negotiations between the French government and the FLN |
1965 | Mehdi Ben Barka, Moroccan socialist leader and Third-World Tricontinental leader | Disappeared in Paris | |
1972 | Mahmoud Hamshari, Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) representative in Paris | Mossad, Israeli Secret Service | Killed in his apartment by a bomb planted in his telephone as he answered a call in retribution for Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics, the second of a number of attacks pursuant to Operation Wrath of God. |
1973 | Outel Bono, Chadian medical doctor and critic of Chadian President François Tombalbaye | Shot while climbing into his car in Paris. | |
1973 | Basil al-Kubaissi, professor and member of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine | Mossad | Shot dead |
1973 | Mohammad Boudia, Algerian-born director of operations for Black September in France | Mossad | Killed in Paris by a pressure-activated bomb packed with heavy nuts and bolts placed under his car seat as part of Operation Wrath of God. |
1975 | İsmail Erez, Turkish ambassador to France | Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia | |
1976 | Jean de Broglie, former minister and one of the French negotiators of the Évian Accords | ||
1978 | François Duprat, neofascist writer | Jewish Remembrance commando | |
1978 | Henri Curiel, Egyptian-born anticolonialist activist | Shot in Paris | |
1978 | Bruno Bušić, dissident Croatian/Yugoslav writer | Yugoslav secret police | |
1978 | José Miguel Beñaran Ordeñana "Argala", Basque leader | Killed by a bomb in Anglet, allegedly planted by the Batallón Vasco Español. | |
1978 | Ezzedin Kalak, chief of the PLO's Paris bureau | Killed in his Paris office alongside his deputy Hamad Adnan in the Arab League building | |
1979 | Pierre Goldman, left-wing activist | Shot in Paris | |
1979 | Robert Boulin, Minister of Labor | Officially suicide, but a lot of anomalies revealed since. | |
1979 | Zuhair Muhsin, leader of the As-Sa'iqa faction within the PLO | ||
1979 | Shahriar Shafiq, Imperial Iranian Navy Captain | Shot on the Rue Pergolese in Paris | |
1980 | Joseph Fontanet, former Education Minister | Killed in Paris. | |
1980 | Salah al-Din Bitar, exiled former Prime Minister of Syria | Killed in Paris. | |
1980 | Yehia El-Mashad, Egyptian atomic scientist | Shot at the Le Méridien hotel in Paris. | |
1982 | Jean-Pierre Maïone-Libaude, right-wing activist and criminal | Shot at Argent-sur-Sauldre soon after being released from prison. | |
1982 | Fadl Dani, deputy director of the PLO office in Paris | Mossad | Killed in Paris by a car bomb as part of Operation Wrath of God. |
1982 | Yaakov Barsimantov, Israeli diplomat, Mossad agent | Jacqueline Esber a.k.a. Rima, member of the Lebanese Armed Revolutionary Factions | Shot in the lobby of his home in the 16th arrondissement of Paris |
1985 | René Audran, senior official of the Ministry of Defence | Action directe | Shot in Paris |
1986 | Georges Besse, Renault executive | Shot while emerging from his car in Paris by far-left activists of Action directe | |
1988 | Dulcie September, African National Congress representative | Killed in Paris | |
1990 | Joseph Doucé, activist for sexual minorities | Corpse found in Rambouillet forest; murder remains unsolved | |
1991 | Shapour Bakhtiar, exiled former Prime Minister of Iran | Stabbed to death at his residence in Suresnes along with his secretary. | |
1992 | Atef Bseiso, Palestine Liberation Organization head of intelligence | Mossad | Killed in Paris |
1995 | Abdelbaki Sahraoui, co-founder of the Algerian Islamic Salvation Front | Killed in Paris. | |
1998 | Claude Érignac, prefect of Corsica | Yvan Colonna | Shot in Ajaccio by a Corsican nationalist. |
2013 | Sakine Cansız, Fidan Doğan and Leyla Söylemez, Kurdish nationalists | Shot at Rue La Fayette in Paris. | |
2016 | Jacques Hamel, Roman Catholic priest of Saint-Étienne-du-Rouvray | Adel Kermiche and Abdel Malik Petitjean | Stabbed to death during mass. See 2016 Normandy church attack. |
Georgia
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
555 | Gubazes II of Lazica, King of Lazica | Stabbed by two Byzantine generals | |
June 19, 1920 | Fatali Khan Khoyski, former Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan | Aram Yerganian | Killed by the Armenian Revolutionary Federation as part of Operation Nemesis due to his role in the Armenian genocide |
July 21, 1922 | Djemal Pasha, former Ottoman Navy Minister | Killed by the Armenian Revolutionary Federation as part of Operation Nemesis | |
December 3, 1994 | Giorgi Chanturia, opposition politician | Shot along with his wife by four gunmen in their car | |
May 20, 2007 | Guram Sharadze, historian and nationalist politician | Assassinated in Tbilisi |
Germany
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
235 | Alexander Severus, Roman emperor | Killed near Moguntiacum (present-day Mainz) by his troops. | ||||
268 | Postumus, Gallic emperor | Killed in Mainz | ||||
268 | Laelianus, Gallic emperor | Killed in Mainz | ||||
997 | Adalbert of Prague, Czech Bishop | Prussian heathen | Tortured to death near the Baltic Sea near present-day Elbląg, Poland | |||
1208 | Philipp von Hohenstaufen, Holy Roman Emperor | Killed in Bamberg | ||||
1225 | Engelbert I. von Köln, Archbishop of Cologne | |||||
1233 | Konrad von Marburg, inquisitor | |||||
1819 | August von Kotzebue, dramatist | Karl Ludwig Sand | ||||
German Reich (1871–1945) | ||||||
1919 | Rosa Luxemburg, socialist writer | Hermann Souchon (ordered by Waldemar Pabst) | Shot in Berlin in the wake of the Spartacist uprising | |||
1919 | Karl Liebknecht, socialist lawyer and politician | Horst von Pflugk-Harttung, Heinrich Stiege, Ulrich von Ritgen and Rudolf Liepmann (ordered by Waldemar Pabst) | Shot in Berlin in the wake of the Spartacist uprising | |||
1919 | Kurt Eisner, socialist Minister-President of Bavaria | Anton Graf von Arco auf Valley | Killed in Munich. | |||
1919 | Leo Jogiches, Marxist revolutionary | Ernst Tamschick, Detective Sergeant of the Prison Moabit | Shot in Berlin Prison Moabit | |||
1919 | Hugo Haase, socialist politician and leader of the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany | Johann Voß | Died of sepsis from gunshot wounds | |||
1921 | Taalat Pasha, former Ottoman Minister of Interior Affairs | Soghomon Tehlirian | Killed in Berlin in retaliation for his role in the Armenian Genocide | |||
1921 | Matthias Erzberger, former Vice-Chancellor of Germany and Minister of Finance | Members of Organisation Consul | Shot at Bad Griesbach. | |||
1922 | Bahattin Şakir, Ottoman suspect in the Armenian Genocide | Armenian Revolutionary Federation | ||||
1922 | Walther Rathenau, Foreign Minister of Germany[4] | Ernst Werner Techow, Erwin Kern and Hermann Fischer | Shot as he was being driven through Berlin by assassins in another car. | |||
1930 | Horst Wessel, Sturmführer of the SS in Berlin | Albrecht Höhler | Shot at point blank range in Karl-Marx-Allee, Berlin. | |||
1934 | Kurt von Schleicher, former Chancellor of Germany | SS officers (ordered by Adolf Hitler) | Murdered at Babelsberg by the SS during the Night of the Long Knives along with his wife, Elisabeth | |||
1934 | Gregor Strasser, politician and former Nazi Party member | SS officers | Killed in a prison cell in Berlin during the Night of the Long Knives | |||
1934 | Erich Klausener, Catholic politician | Kurt Gildisch, SS officer | Shot at his office in Berlin during the Night of the Long Knives | |||
1934 | Ernst Röhm, leader of the Sturmabteilung (SA) | Michael Lippert, SS officer | Shot in Stadelheim Prison by SS officers during the Night of the Long Knives. | |||
Federal Republic of Germany (1949–present) | ||||||
1954 | Abdurrahman Fatalibeyli, Soviet Army defector and chief of the Azerbaijani desk for Radio Liberty | |||||
1957 | Lev Rebet, exiled Ukrainian nationalist leader | Bohdan Stashynsky, a KGB agent | Poisoned by cyanide gas in Munich. | |||
1959 | Stepan Bandera, exiled Ukrainian nationalist leader | Poisoned by cyanide gas in Munich. | ||||
1961 | Salah Ben Youssef, Tunisian politician | Shot in a hotel in Frankfurt. | ||||
1970 | Krim Belkacem, exiled former Vice President of Algeria | Shot in a hotel in Frankfurt. | ||||
1977 | Siegfried Buback, Public Prosecutor General of West Germany | Red Army Faction members | Shot while driving his car near Karlsruhe. | |||
1977 | Jürgen Ponto, CEO of Dresdner Bank | Killed in Frankfurt. | ||||
1977 | Hanns-Martin Schleyer, president of the German employers' organization | Kidnapped and later killed. | ||||
1986 | Karl Heinz Beckurts, physicist and research manager. | Killed by a bomb near Strasslach in Munich | ||||
1989 | Alfred Herrhausen, Deutsche Bank CEO | Killed by a bicycle bomb as his car passed by in Bad Homburg. | ||||
1991 | Detlev Karsten Rohwedder, director of Treuhandanstalt for the former East Germany | Killed in Düsseldorf. | ||||
1992 | Sadeq Sharafkandi, Fattah Abdoli, Homayoun Ardalan, Nouri Dehkordi, dissident Kurdish Iranian political leaders | Agents of the Ministry of Intelligence of the Islamic Republic of Iran | Killed in Berlin (see Mykonos restaurant assassinations). | |||
1992 | Fereydoun Farrokhzad, exiled Iranian cultural figure | Agents of the Ministry of Intelligence of the Islamic Republic of Iran | Believed to have been killed as part of the Chain murders of Iran | |||
2019 | Walter Lübcke, CDU politician and president of the Regierungsbezirk of Kassel | Stephan Ernst | Shot outside his home in Istha by a neo-Nazi terrorist | |||
2019 | Zelimkhan Khangoshvili, exiled Chechen military commander | Vadim Krasikov | Shot by an agent of the GRU |
Greece
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
514 BC | Hipparchus (son of Peisistratos), Tyrant of Athens | Harmodius and Aristogeiton | |
461 BC | Ephialtes, leader of the radical democracy movement in Athens | ||
404 BC | Alcibiades, Athenian general and politician | ||
October, 336 BC | Philip II of Macedon, king of Macedon | Pausanias of Orestis | Assassinated in the theatre of ancient Aegae (present-day Vergina). |
314 BC | Alexander, regent of Macedonia | Alexion, a Siyconian | Killed in Sicyon. |
281 BC | Seleucus I Nicator, founder of the Seleucid dynasty | Killed near Lysimachia. | |
251 BC | Abantidas, tyrant of Sicyon | ||
192 BC | Nabis, Tyrant of Sparta | Aetolian League | |
1831 | Ioannis Kapodistrias, first President of Greece | Konstantinos Mavromichalis and Georgios Mavromichalis | Killed outside Nafplio church in revenge for the imprisonment of the assassins' patriarch Petrobey Mavromichalis. Konstantinos was thrown over a cliff by the citizens of Nafplio while Georgios was executed by firing squad. |
1905 | Theodoros Deligiannis, Prime Minister of Greece | Antonios Gherakaris | Stabbed outside the Hellenic Parliament. |
1907 | Marinos Antypas, socialist politician | Killed at Pyrgetos in Thessaly. | |
1912 | Andreas Kopasis, governor of Samos | ||
1913 | George I of Greece, King of Greece[3] | Alexandros Schinas | Shot while walking in Thessaloniki as part of a possible conspiracy. |
1948 | George Polk, American journalist critical of US aid to rightist Greek government | ||
1963 | Grigoris Lambrakis, leader of the anti-fascist movement in Greece | Emannouel Emannouilides and Spyro Gotzamanis | Killed with a club in Thessaloniki. |
1975 | Richard Welch, CIA Station Chief | Shot as he was being driven through Athens. | |
1983 | George Tsantes; U.S. military attaché in Athens & deputy chief of the Joint United States Military Aid Group to Greece | Revolutionary Organization 17 November | Killed in Athens. |
1988 | Hagop Hagopian, leader of the Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia | Killed in Athens. | |
1988 | William Nordeen, U.S. military attaché in Athens | Revolutionary Organization 17 November | Killed in Athens. |
1989 | Pavlos Bakoyannis, New Democracy parliamentarian | Revolutionary Organization 17 November | Shot outside his office in Athens. |
2000 | Stephen Saunders, Brigadier and British military attaché in Athens | Revolutionary Organization 17 November | Killed by a motorcycle gunman as he was driving in Athens. |
2013 | Pavlos "Killah P" Fyssas, musician | Giorgos Roupakias | Killed by Neo-Nazi organization Golden Dawn |
Hungary
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
904 | Kurszán, Chieftain of Hungary | Forces of Louis the Child | ||
1044 | Suspected conspirators against King Samuel Aba[7] | Forces loyal to Samuel Aba | 50 suspected lords arrested and executed | |
1044 | Samuel Aba,[8] King of Hungary | Fled after losing the Battle of Ménfő but was captured and assassinated | ||
1209 | Csépán Győr, Palatine of Hungary | Tiba Tomaj | ||
1213 | Gertrude of Merania, queen consort | Group of Hungarian nobles led by Peter, son of Töre | Stabbed for her blatant favoritism towards her German kinsmen and courtiers | |
1272 | Béla, Duke of Macsó | Henry Kőszegi | ||
1290 | Ladislaus IV, King of Hungary | Three Cumans – Árbóc, Törtel and Kemence | ||
1311 | Amadeus Aba, Oligarch | Residents of Košice | ||
1386 | Charles III, King of Naples[9][10] | Balazs Forgach, Elisabeth of Bosnia, Nador Garai | Charles (II of Hungary, III of Naples) deadly wounded and died some days later.[11] | |
1386 | Elisabeth of Bosnia, Queen of Hungary[12] | John Horvat | ||
1397 | Stephen II Lackfi, lord[13] | Hermann I of Celje | Assassinated on the orders of the Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund | |
1456 | Ulrich II, Count of Celje[14][15] | Forces of Ladislaus Hunyadi | ||
1534 | Imre Czibak,[16] Bishop of Varad | Lodovico Gritti | ||
1551 | George Martinuzzi, Governor of Transylvania | Marco Aurelio Ferrari | ||
1613 | Gabriel Báthory, Prince of Transylvania | Hajduks | Killed after he was accused of planning to hand over Várad (now Oradea) to the Ottomans | |
1661 | Ákos Barcsay, Prince of Transylvania | Janos Kemeny | ||
1918 | István Tisza, Prime Minister of Hungary[4] | Assassinated by soldiers |
Iceland
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1241 | Snorri Sturluson, historian and politician | Gissur Þorvaldsson |
Ireland
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1186 | Hugh de Lacy, Lord of Meath | Gilla-Gan-Mathiar O'Maidhaigh | Durrow, County Offaly |
1189 | Conchobar Maenmaige Ua Conchobair, King of Connacht | Manus mac Flann Ua Finaghty, Aodh mac Brian, Muircheartach mac Cathal mac Dermot mac Tadhg, Giolla na Naomh Ua Mulvihill | Assassination instigated by Conchobar ua nDiarmata, a rival for the title of King of Connacht. The victim's son Cathal Carragh Ua Conchobair later killed Conchobar ua nDiarmata in revenge. |
1882 | Lord Frederick Charles Cavendish, Chief Secretary for Ireland | Irish National Invincibles | |
1920 | Tomás Mac Curtain, Lord Mayor of Cork | Auxiliaries and RIC men | Shot in his home by a group of masked men, likely members of the Royal Irish Constabulary. |
1920 | Cairo Gang | Irish Republican Army | 12 British intelligence agents, assassinated on the morning of 21 November 1920 in coordinated attacks. |
1922 | Sean Hales, Pro-Treaty Sinn Féin Teachta Dála | Anti-Treaty IRA | Killed as he left Dáil Éireann; fellow TD Pádraic Ó Máille was injured in the same attack, which was in reprisal against executions of anti-Treaty prisoners |
1922 | Michael Collins, Chairman of the Provisional Government of the Irish Free State | Anti-Treaty IRA | Ambushed outside Cork |
1927 | Kevin O'Higgins, Minister of Home Affairs and Justice of the Irish Free State[4] | Timothy Coughlin, Bill Gannon and Archie Doyle | Killed while on his way to Mass by three anti-Treaty members of the IRA. |
1932 | Patrick Reynolds, Cumann na nGaedheal TD | Joseph Leddy | Shot dead during the 1932 election campaign by an ex-RIC policeman who had a personal grudge against him.[17][18] |
1936 | Henry Boyle Townshend Somerville, Vice Admiral in the Royal Navy | Anti-Treaty IRA | Assassinated for providing assistance to Royal Navy recruits. |
1976 | Christopher Ewart-Biggs, British ambassador to Ireland | IRA | Killed by a land mine |
1979 | Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma, Royal Navy Admiral of the Fleet, last Viceroy of India[3] | IRA | Killed by a bomb on board his boat along with three other people, including his grandson. |
1991 | Eddie Fullerton, Sinn Féin county councillor | Ulster Defence Association | Shot at his home in Buncrana |
1994 | Dominic McGlinchey, Irish National Liberation Army (INLA) leader | Shot 14 times while making a call in a phone box. | |
1996 | Veronica Guerin, journalist | Shot in a contract killing for her reporting on organized crime |
Italy
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
748 BC | Titus Tatius, Sabine King | Killed in Rome. | |
579 BC | Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, Etruscan king of Rome | Killed in Rome by the sons of Ancus Marcius. | |
554 BC | Phalaris, tyrant of Agrigento | Killed in an uprising led by Telemachus (Acragas) | Killed in Sicily. Said to be burned in his own brazen bull. |
534 BC | Servius Tullius, Etruscan king of Rome | Tarquin II | Killed in Rome. |
439 BC | Spurius Maelius, wealthy Roman plebeian | Gaius Servilius Ahala | |
354 BC | Dion of Syracuse, tyrant of Syracuse | Calippus of Syracuse | Killed in Sicily |
352 BC | Calippus of Syracuse, tyrant of Syracuse | revolting mercenaries led by Leptines II and Polyperchon | reputedly was stabbed to death with the same sword he assassinated Dion less than two years earlier. |
133 BC | Tiberius Gracchus, Roman tribune | Killed in Rome by Roman senators. | |
91 BC | Marcus Livius Drusus, Roman tribune | Resulted in the Social War. | |
44 BC | Julius Caesar, Roman general and dictator | Marcus Junius Brutus, Gaius Cassius Longinus, and other members of the Roman Senate | Resulted in a series of civil wars and indirectly in the end of the Roman Republic. |
43 BC | Cicero, Roman orator | Killed near Formiae under orders from Mark Antony and with the approval of the Second Triumvirate. | |
41 | Caligula, Roman Emperor | Cassius Chaerea, Marcus Vinicius, Lucius Annius Vinicianus, members of the Praetorian Guard, and others | |
54 | Claudius, Roman Emperor | Uncertain, reputed to be Agrippina the Younger on behalf of Nero | Rumored to be killed by poison mushrooms supplied by Locusta. |
69 | Vitellius, Roman Emperor | Killed in Rome by the Flavian army. | |
69 | Galba, Roman Emperor | Killed in Rome by the Praetorian Guard under orders from Otho. | |
96 | Domitian, Roman Emperor | Stephanus, steward to Julia Flavia | Killed in Rome |
192 | Commodus, Roman Emperor | Narcissus, wrestler | Killed in Rome |
193 | Pertinax, Roman Emperor | Killed in Rome by the Praetorian Guard. | |
193 | Didius Julianus, Roman Emperor | Killed in Rome by the Praetorian Guard. | |
212 | Publius Septimius Geta, Roman Emperor | Killed in Rome by centurions under orders of Caracalla. | |
217 | Caracalla, Roman Emperor | Martialis | Killed between Edessa and Carrhae (modern-day Sanli Urfa and Harran), possibly under orders of Macrinus. |
222 | Elagabalus, Roman Emperor | Killed in Rome by the Praetorian Guard under orders of Julia Maesa and Julia Mamaea. | |
238 | Maximinus Thrax, Roman Emperor | Killed outside Aquileia by his troops. | |
238 | Pupienus, Roman Emperor | Killed in Rome by the Praetorian Guard. See Year of the Six Emperors. | |
238 | Balbinus, Roman Emperor | Killed in Rome by the Praetorian Guard. See Year of the Six Emperors. | |
253 | Volusianus, Roman Emperor | Killed near Interamna by his troops | |
253 | Trebonianus Gallus, Roman Emperor | Killed near Interamna by his troops | |
275 | Aurelian, Roman Emperor | Mucapor and members of the Praetorian Guard | Killed near Caenophrurium (modern-day Corlu) |
276 | Florianus, Roman Emperor | Killed near Tarsus | |
882 | Pope John VIII | ||
1052 | Boniface III, Margrave of Tuscany | ||
1345 | Andrew, Duke of Calabria | ||
1412 | Gian Maria Visconti, Duke of Milan[19] | ||
1478 | Giuliano de' Medici, co-ruler of Florence | Francesco de' Pazzi and Bernardo Bandini | Stabbed 19 times in the Pazzi conspiracy. Lorenzo de' Medici was also attacked, but escaped with his life. |
1497 | Giovanni Borgia, Duke of Gandia, son of Pope Alexander VI | ||
1537 | Alessandro de' Medici, Duke of Florence | Lorenzino de' Medici | |
1848 | Pellegrino Rossi, Papal States Minister of Justice | ||
1900 | Umberto I, King of Italy[20] | Gaetano Bresci | Shot four times with a revolver due to the royal decoration of general Fiorenzo Bava Beccaris, who ordered a bloody repression in Milan in 1898. Influenced Leon Czolgosz to kill United States President William McKinley in 1901. |
1921 | Said Halim Pasha, former Ottoman Prime Minister | Arshavir Shirakian | Killed in Rome due to his role in the Armenian genocide. |
1924 | Giacomo Matteotti, socialist politician[4] | Kidnapped and killed by Fascists after denouncing them for electoral fraud in the 1924 Italian general election | |
1925 | Luigj Gurakuqi, Albanian independence leader | Baltjon Stambolla | Killed in Bari |
1945 | Benito Mussolini, fascist and former Prime Minister of Italy[21] | Band of Communist partisans led by Walter Audisio | Shot in the village of Giulino di Mezzegra in Lombardy. His lover Clara Petacci was also killed. See Death of Benito Mussolini |
1962 | Enrico Mattei, head of the oil company Eni and supporter of Algerian independence | Died in a plane crash allegedly caused by a bomb near Bascapè in Lombardy | |
1972 | Giangiacomo Feltrinelli, publisher and partisan of leftist guerrilla movements | Died in a bomb attack, probably with the involvement of the Italian secret service | |
1975 | Pier Paolo Pasolini, writer, poet and film director | Giuseppe Pelosi | Died in Ostia after being run over by his own car which Pelosi had stolen. |
1977 | Taha Carım, Turkish Ambassador to the Holy See | Justice Commandos of the Armenian Genocide | |
1978 | Aldo Moro, former Prime Minister of Italy | Red Brigades | Kidnapped and later killed. See Kidnapping of Aldo Moro. |
1978 | Giuseppe Impastato, anti-mafia activist | Sicilian Mafia | Killed by a charge of TNT placed under his own body. |
1979 | Cesare Terranova, magistrate | Shot along with his driver as he was being driven through Palermo | |
1980 | Piersanti Mattarella, President of Sicily | Sicilian Mafia | |
1982 | Pio La Torre, Communist politician | Sicilian Mafia | |
1982 | Carlo Alberto Dalla Chiesa, General of the Carabinieri Corps | Giuseppe Greco, Giuseppe Lucchese and members of the Mafia | Shot along with his wife and driver while being driven through Palermo while investigating the Mafia |
1983 | Rocco Chinnici, magistrate | Giuseppe Greco, Michele Greco and members of the Mafia | Killed by a car bomb in Palermo. |
1992 | Giovanni Falcone, anti-mafia judge | Giovanni Brusca, a member of the Sicilian Mafia | Killed in a motorway bombing near Palermo. |
1992 | Paolo Borsellino, anti-mafia judge | Salvatore Riina and members of the Mafia | Killed along with five police officers by a car bomb in Palermo. See Massacre of Via D'Amelio. |
1992 | Salvo Lima, Member of the European Parliament for the Italian Islands | Sicilian Mafia | Shot as he exited his car in Palermo. |
1995 | Maurizio Gucci, businessman | Hitman hired by his ex-wife, Patrizia Reggiani | Reggiani was convicted of ordering his murder in 1998 |
2002 | Marco Biagi, Labor Ministry advisor | New Red Brigades | Killed in Bologna. |
Kosovo
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1389 | Murad I, Third Sultan of the Ottoman Empire | Miloš Obilić | Assassinated by a Serbian knight during the Battle of Kosovo. |
1888 | Ali Pasha of Gusinje, one of the leaders of the League of Prizren | Assassinated in Rugova Canyon near Peć. | |
1903 | Grigoriy Schterbina, Russian consul | Albanian Ottoman officer | Assassinated in Mitrovica |
2003 | Tahir Zemaj, general in the Kosovo Liberation Army | Assassinated in Peć. | |
2014 | Elvis Pista, parliamentary candidate | Assassinated in Rahovec.[22] | |
2018 | Oliver Ivanović, former State Secretary for the Serbian Ministry for Kosovo and Metohija | Assassinated in North Mitrovica. |
Latvia
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
2018 | Mārtiņš Bunkus, bankruptcy administrator | Unknown, under investigation | Assassinated near Brothers' Cemetery in Riga. Was shot dead from a moving truck, while driving. |
Lithuania
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1263 | Mindaugas, King of Lithuania | Daumantas of Pskov and Treniota | Assassinated after taking his deceased wife Morta's sister as his new bride. She was however, already married to Daumantas. Treniota was Mindaugas' nephew. |
1264 | Treniota, Grand Duke of Lithuania | Courtiers loyal to Vaišvilkas, son of Mindaugas | |
1267 | Vaišvilkas, Grand Duke of Lithuania | Leo I of Galicia | |
1440 | Sigismund Kęstutaitis, Grand Duke of Lithuania | Supporters of his cousin, Švitrigaila |
Malta
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1995 | Fathi Shaqaqi, Secretary-General of the Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine | Mossad | Shot outside a hotel in Sliema. |
2017 | Daphne Caruana Galizia, journalist and blogger | Unknown (investigation underway) | Killed by a car bomb near her home in Bidnija. |
Moldova
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
2023 | Oleg Khorzhan, leader of the Transnistrian Communist Party. | Stabbed to death at his office in Sucleia, Transnistria (recognized internationally as part of Moldova). |
Montenegro
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1860 | Danilo I, Prince of Montenegro | Killed in Kotor (then Austria-Hungary) by a member of Bjelopavlici tribe. | |
1945 | Sekula Drljević, Montenegrin nationalist and President of the Governing Committee of Italian governorate of Montenegro during World War II | Killed by Chetniks at a Displaced Persons camp in Austria |
Netherlands
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
754 | Saint Boniface, Christian missionary | Killed by Frisian bandits | |
1099 | Conrad, Bishop of Utrecht | ||
1296 | Floris V, Count of Holland | Gerard van Velsen | |
1425 | Duke John of Straubing-Holland | ||
1584 | William I of Orange, leader of the Dutch war of independence from Spanish rule (Eighty Years' War) | Balthasar Gérard | Shot by a supporter of the Spanish cause |
1649 | Isaac Dorislaus, diplomat | ||
1672 | Johan de Witt, republican politician | Murdered by an Orangist lynch mob in The Hague. | |
1672 | Cornelis de Witt, republican politician | Murdered by an Orangist lynch mob in The Hague. | |
1938 | Yevhen Konovalets, Ukrainian nationalist | Pavel Sudoplatov, agent of the NKVD | Explosive placed in a box of chocolates. |
1943 | Folkert Posthuma, Nazi collaborator | Resistance group CS-6 | Shot in front of his home in Vorden.[23] |
1945 | Hannie Schaft, underground Resistance fighter | Dutch Nazi officials | Executed in the dunes of Bloemendaal. |
1979 | Richard Sykes, British Ambassador to the Netherlands | Provisional Irish Republican Army | Shot in The Hague. |
1987 | Gerrit Jan Heijn, top manager of Ahold | Ferdi Elsas | Kidnapped and later killed. |
2002 | Pim Fortuyn, critic of Islam, immigration and multicultural policy and leader of the Pim Fortuyn List | Volkert van der Graaf | Shot in Hilversum by a left-wing critic and animal rights advocate. See Assassination of Pim Fortuyn |
2004 | Theo van Gogh, film director, writer and critic of Islam | Mohammed Bouyeri | Shot and stabbed in Amsterdam by an Islamic extremist |
2005 | Louis Sévèke, leftwing journalist | Marcel Theunissen | Shot with a rifle in Nijmegen. |
2014 | Els Borst, former Deputy Prime Minister | Stabbed at her home in Bilthoven. | |
2019 | Derk Wiersum, lawyer | Unknown, under investigation | Shot to death in Amsterdam. |
2021 | Peter R. de Vries, investigative journalist and crime reporter | Shot in Amsterdam |
Norway
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1136 | King Harald IV Gille of Norway | Sigurd Slembe | Killed by a pretender to the throne |
Poland
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
997 | Adalbert of Prague, Bishop of Prague, missionary, saint | pagan Prussians led by Sicco | Martyred in his efforts to convert the Baltic Prussians to Christianity |
1079 | Stanislaus of Szczepanów, Bishop of Kraków (now a saint) | Bolesław II the Bold | |
1227 | Leszek the White, High Duke of Poland | Assassinated at the Gąsawa massacre | |
1296 | Przemysł II, king of Poland | ||
1922 | Gabriel Narutowicz, President of Poland[4] | Eligiusz Niewiadomski | Killed five days after his inauguration while attending the opening of an art exhibit at the Zachęta Gallery in Warsaw. |
1927 | Pyotr Voykov, Soviet Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Poland | Boris Kowerda | Killed by a White émigré |
1934 | Bronisław Pieracki, Minister of Interior of Poland | Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists | |
1931 | Tadeusz Hołówko, Prometheist politician and diplomat | Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists | |
1941 | Igo Sym, actor and Nazi collaborator | Bohdan Rogoliński, Roman Rozmiłowski, and Wiktor Klimaszewski of the Union of Armed Struggle (ZWZ) | |
1942 | Marceli Nowotko, Communist activist and first secretary of the Polish Workers' Party | ||
1943 | Wilhelm Krüger, German chief of Gestapo operations in Nazi-occupied Poland | three fighters of the Polish resistance | Killed in Krakow. |
1943 | Franz Bürkl, German Sicherheitspolizei officer | Jerzy Zborowski and members of the Szare Szeregi | See Operation Heads. |
1943 | Helmut Kapp, German Gestapo member | Armia Krajowa | See Operation Heads. |
1944 | Karl Freudenthal, German officer of the SS, Kreishauptmann of powiat Garwolin | Armia Krajowa | See Operation Heads. |
1944 | Franz Kutschera, German SS general and chief of police | Armia Krajowa | See Operation Kutschera. |
1947 | Karol Świerczewski, Army general | Ukrainian Insurgent Army | |
1984 | Jerzy Popiełuszko, Roman Catholic priest | Killed by the communist political police. | |
1992 | Piotr Jaroszewicz, former Prime Minister of Poland | ||
1998 | Marek Papała, Chief of the Police | Believed to have been killed by the Polish mafia. | |
1999 | Andrzej Kolikowski, leader of the Pruszków mafia | Ryszard Bogucki | Shot in Zakopane |
2005 | Zdzisław Beksiński, painter, photographer, sculptor | Robert Kupiec | Stabbed 17 times |
2011 | Jolanta Brzeska, social activist | Unknown | Burned alive |
2019 | Paweł Adamowicz, Mayor of Gdańsk[24] | Stefan Wilmont | Stabbed to death at a charity event |
Portugal
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
139 BC | Viriathus, leader of the Lusitanian people that resisted Roman expansion over the regions of Western Iberia | Audax, Ditalcus and Minurus | |
1355 | Inês de Castro, posthumously declared Queen of Portugal | Pêro Coelho, Álvaro Gonçalves, and Diogo Lopes Pacheco | |
1908 | Carlos I of Portugal, King, and Luiz Filipe of Portugal, Crown Prince[4] | Manuel Buíça and Alfredo Luís da Costa | Shot by assassins sympathetic to Republican interests and aided by anti-monarchic society Portuguese Carbonária. See Lisbon Regicide |
1910 | Miguel Bombarda, member of the Chamber of Deputies of Portugal | Aparício Rebelo dos Santos | Shot by a mental patient just before the 5 October 1910 revolution, of which he was a proponent |
1918 | Sidónio Pais, President of Portugal | José Júlio da Costa | Shot at Rossio railway station in Lisbon. See Assassination of Sidónio Pais. |
1921 | António Joaquim Granjo, Prime Minister of Portugal | See Bloody Night (Lisbon, 1921) | |
António Machado Santos, Naval officer and leader of the National Republican Federation | |||
José Carlos da Maia | |||
Freitas da Silva | |||
Botelho de Vasconcelos | |||
1965 | Humberto Delgado, general, presidential candidate and critic of the Estado Novo | Lured by Portuguese intelligence into an ambush near the Spanish border | |
1983 | Issam Sartawi, senior member of the Palestine Liberation Organization | Shot in a hotel. |
Romania
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1601 | Mihai Viteazul, Ruler of Wallachia, Moldavia and Transylvania | Militants on order of General Giorgio Basta | Assassinated near Câmpia Turzii after the victory at the Battle of Guruslău. |
1862 | Barbu Catargiu, Prime Minister of Romania | Killed in Bucharest after a parliamentary meeting. | |
1933 | Ion Duca, Prime Minister of Romania | Nicolae Constantinescu Ion Caranica Doru Belimace |
Shot at Sinaia railway station by members of the Iron Guard. |
1938 | Corneliu Zelea Codreanu, far right politician and leader of the Iron Guard | Members of the Romanian Gendarmerie | Killed in Tâncăbeşti. |
1939 | Armand Călinescu, Prime Minister of Romania[21] | Iron Guard | Shot while being driven through Bucharest. |
1940 | Nicolae Iorga, former Prime Minister of Romania, historian | Iron Guard | Kidnapped and later killed. |
1940 | Gheorghe Argeșanu, former Prime Minister | Iron Guard | Murdered in Jilava prison with 63 other political prisoners. See Jilava massacre |
1940 | Virgil Madgearu, politician and theorist of the National Peasants' Party | Iron Guard | Kidnapped and later killed |
1945 | Constantin Tănase, actor | Possibly killed by the invading Red Army after satirizing them. | |
1989 | Danny Huwé, Belgian journalist | Shot by a sniper during the Romanian Revolution. |
Russia
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Russian Empire | |||
1682 | Artamon Matveyev, statesman, diplomat and reformer | Streltsy | Killed during the Moscow uprising of 1682 |
1682 | Grigory Romodanovsky, boyar, general and diplomat | Streltsy | Killed during the Moscow uprising of 1682 |
1762 | Peter III of Russia, Emperor of Russia | Unknown | Possibly organized by Catherine the Great |
1762 | Ivan VI of Russia, deposed Emperor of Russia | Unknown | Executed on prior instructions from Catherine the Great during an attempt to rescue him from imprisonment in Shlisselburg Fortress by Vasily Mirovich |
1801 | Paul I of Russia, Emperor of Russia | Band of dismissed officers led by Levin August, Count von Bennigsen, Vladimir Mikhailovich Yashvil, Nikolay Zubov and others | Organized by Peter Ludwig von der Pahlen, Nikita Petrovich Panin and José de Ribas |
1825 | Mikhail Miloradovich, military Governor of Saint Petersburg | Pyotr Kakhovsky | Killed during the Decembrist revolt |
1878 | Nikolay Mezentsov, executive director of the Third Section | Sergey Stepnyak-Kravchinsky | Killed by a revolutionary belonging to the group Zemlya i volya |
1881 | Alexander II of Russia, Tsar of All the Russias[1] | Ignacy Hryniewiecki | Killed in bombing organized by the revolutionary group Narodnaya Volya |
1893 | Nikolay Alekseyev, Mayor of Moscow | Andrianov | Killed by a deranged visitor in Moscow City Hall |
1902 | Dmitry Sipyagin, Russian Interior Minister[4] | Stepan Balmashov | Killed by a member of the SR Combat Organization |
1904 | Vyacheslav von Plehve, Russian Interior Minister | Yegor Sazonov | Killed by a bomb thrown by a member of the SR Combat Organization |
1905 | Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich Romanov, former Governor-General of Moscow | Ivan Kalyayev | Organized by the SR Combat Organization |
1911 | Pyotr Stolypin, Prime Minister of Russia | Dmitry Bogrov | Killed in a theater in Kiev by a member of the Socialist Revolutionary Party[4] |
1916 | Grigori Rasputin, influential mystic, adviser to the Russian Imperial Family[20] | Group of nobles led by Felix Yusupov, Grand Duke Dmitri Pavlovich of Russia, Vladimir Purishkevich and Vasily Maklakov | Killed for his undue influence on the Russian Imperial Family |
Provisional Government | |||
1917 | Ivan Logginovich Goremykin, former Prime Minister | Konstantin X Kotev | |
Bolshevik Russia | |||
1918 | Andrei Shingarev, Kadet politician | ||
1918 | Fyodor Kokoshkin, Kadet politician | ||
1918 | Tsar Nicholas II and his family: Tsarina Alexandra, Tsarevich Alexei, Grand Duchesses Olga, Tatiana, Maria and Anastasia, physician Eugene Botkin, maid Anna Demidova, footman Alexei Trupp and cook Ivan Kharitonov | Cheka officers led by Yakov Yurovsky | Order given by Yakov Sverdlov on behalf of Vladimir Lenin |
1918 | Elizabeth of Hesse, Grand Duchess of Russia, Grand Duke Sergei Mikhailovich, Princes John Constantinovich, Constantine Constantinovich and Igor Constantinovich, poet and prince Vladimir Paley and nun Varvara Yakovleva | Cheka officers | |
1918 | V. Volodarsky, revolutionary | Grigory Ivanovich Semyonov | Killed by a member of the Socialist Revolutionary Party |
1918 | Wilhelm von Mirbach, German Ambassador in Moscow | Yakov Blumkin | Assassinated by the Left Socialist-Revolutionaries at the start of the Left SR uprising in an attempt to damage German-Soviet relations |
Russian SFSR in the Soviet Union | |||
1934 | Sergey Kirov, Bolshevik party leader in Leningrad[4] | Leonid Nikolaev | |
1939 | Zinaida Reich, theatre actress | ||
1990 | Alexander Men, dissident Russian Orthodox priest | ||
1991 | Igor Talkov, singer-songwriter, anti-Soviet activist | Allegedly Valeriy Schlyafman | |
Russian Federation | |||
1994 | Andrey Aizderdzis, Member of the State Duma | Unknown | |
1994 | Nikolay Suleimanov, Chechen mafia boss | ||
1995 | Vladislav Listyev, journalist and head of the ORT TV Channel | Unknown | |
1996 | Dzhokhar Dudayev, first Chechen separatist President and anti-Russian guerrilla leader | Russian military | |
1996 | Choe Deok-geun, South Korean diplomat stationed in Vladivostok | North Korean agents suspected | |
1998 | Valeriy Hubulov, former Prime Minister of South Ossetia | Unknown | |
1998 | Galina Starovoytova, Member of the State Duma | Yuri Kolchin and Vitali Akishin | |
1998 | Larisa Yudina, Kalmyk journalist | ||
2002 | Valentin Tsvetkov, Governor of Magadan Oblast | Alexander Zakharov, Martin Babakekhyan and others | Killed in Moscow |
2003 | Sergei Yushenkov, Member of the State Duma and founder of the Liberal Russia party | Mikhail Kodanev and others | Killed in Moscow[25] |
2003 | Yuri Shchekochikhin, journalist | Unknown | Killed in Moscow[26] |
2004 | Paul Klebnikov, editor of the Russian edition of Forbes magazine | ||
2004 | Akhmad Kadyrov, Kremlin-backed President of the Chechen Republic | Presumed to be Chechen Islamists | Killed along with about 30 others in a football stadium during a Victory Day parade by a bomb that had been built into the concrete of one of the stadium's supporting columns. |
2005 | Aslan Maskhadov, President of separatist Chechnya | ||
2005 | Anatoly Trofimov, former deputy director of the FSB | ||
2005 | Magomed Omarov, deputy Interior Minister of Dagestan | ||
2006 | Abdul-Khalim Sadulayev, President of separatist Chechnya | Killed by pro-Russian forces | |
2006 | Anna Politkovskaya, journalist and human rights campaigner | Unknown; many theories | Shot in the elevator block of her apartment in Moscow. See Assassination of Anna Politkovskaya. |
2008 | Vitaly Karayev, mayor of Vladikavkaz, North Ossetia–Alania | ||
2008 | Kazbek Pagiyev, former mayor of Vladikavkaz, North Ossetia–Alania | ||
2008 | Nina Varlamova, mayor of Kandalaksha, Murmansk Oblast | ||
2009 | Anastasia Baburova, journalist | ||
2009 | Stanislav Markelov, human rights lawyer | ||
2009 | Adilgerei Magomedtagirov, interior minister of Dagestan | ||
2009 | Aza Gazgireyeva, deputy chair of the Ingushetia Supreme Court | ||
2009 | Bashir Aushev, former deputy prime minister of Ingushetia | ||
2009 | Natalia Estemirova, human rights activist | ||
2011 | Yuri Budanov, army officer and convicted war criminal | ||
2011 | Gadzhimurat Kamalov, journalist | ||
2015 | Boris Nemtsov, former Deputy Prime Minister of Russia | Shot while walking on a bridge near the Moscow Kremlin. See Assassination of Boris Nemtsov | |
November 2, 2020 | Vladimir "Sausage King" Marugov, oligarch | Shot with a crossbow in the sauna of his countryside estate outside Moscow.[27] | |
2022 | Darya Dugina, ultranationalist journalist and writer | Killed in car bomb explosion.[28] |
Serbia
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Roman Empire | |||
268 | Gallienus, Roman emperor | Killed near Naissus. | |
282 | Probus, Roman emperor | Assassinated at Sirmium. | |
285 | Carinus, Roman emperor | Assassinated at Margus. | |
Medieval Serbia | |||
1352 | Branko Rastislalić, Lord of Podunavlje and Domestikos under King Stefan Dušan | Assassinated at Upper Drina on the orders of Vuk Kosača. | |
1359 | Vuk Kosača, magnate and nobleman | Killed or ordered so by a member of the Rastislalić family. | |
Ottoman period | |||
1804 | 72 notable Serbs | Dahije | Slaughter of the Knezes |
1815 | Kara-Marko Vasić, revolutionary | Ordered by Miloš Obrenović. | |
1816 | Melentije Nikšić, revolutionary | Ordered by Miloš Obrenović. | |
1817 | Karađorđe Petrović, leader of the First Serbian Uprising | Nikola Novaković | Killed along with his secretary, Naum Krnar in the village of Radovanje by a henchman of Vujica Vulićević and Miloš Obrenović. |
Serbian monarchy | |||
1868 | Mihailo Obrenović, Prince of Serbia | Pavle Radovanović and Kosta Radovanović | Shot in Košutnjak park in Belgrade as part of a conspiracy. |
1885 | Čakr-paša, hajduk | Toma Stanković | |
1903 | Aleksandar Obrenović, King of Serbia, and Draga Mašin, Queen Consort | Army officers led by Dragutin Dimitrijević | Killed in the royal palace as part of the May Overthrow. |
1903 | Lazar Petrović, Adjutant to King Aleksandar Obrenović | Killed as part of the May Overthrow. | |
1903 | Dimitrije Cincar-Marković, Prime Minister of Serbia | ||
Yugoslavia | |||
1921 | Milorad Drašković, Yugoslav interior minister | Alija Alijagić | Killed by a Bosnian communist |
1928 | Velimir Prelić, legal adviser in Skoplje | Mara Buneva | Shot on "Ratomir Putnik" Street in Skoplje |
1928 | Đuro Basariček, Member of Parliament for the Croatian Peasant Party | Puniša Račić | Shot by a Serbian radical deputy in the Yugoslav Parliament in Belgrade. |
1928 | Stjepan Radić, Member of Parliament for the Croatian Peasant Party | Serbian radical politician Puniša Račić. | Shot a Serbian radical deputy in the Yugoslav Parliament in Belgrade. |
1983 | Galip Balkar, Turkish Ambassador to Yugoslavia | Harutyun Krikor Levonian and Alexander Elbekyan. | Shot by Armenian nationalists. See Assassination of Galip Balkar |
FR Yugoslavia/Serbia and Montenegro | |||
1994 | Dada Vujasinović, journalist | ||
1994 | Goran Vuković, criminal | ||
1999 | Slavko Ćuruvija, journalist | ||
2000 | Željko Ražnatović "Arkan", mobster and warlord | Dobrosav Gavrić | |
2000 | Pavle Bulatović, defense minister | ||
2000 | Žika Petrović, Jat Airways executive | ||
2000 | Boško Perošević, Chairman of the Executive Council of Vojvodina | Milivoje Gutović | Assassinated at Novi Sad Fair. |
2000 | Ivan Stambolić, former President of Serbia | Special Operations Unit | Ordered by Slobodan Milošević. |
2001 | Milan Pantić, journalist | Unknown | |
2003 | Zoran Đinđić, Prime Minister of Serbia | Zvezdan Jovanović | Killed with a sniper rifle by a paramilitary linked to the Zemun Clan. See Assassination of Zoran Đinđić. |
2004 | Branko Bulatović, Football Association general secretary | Unknown | |
Republic of Serbia | |||
2006 | Radoljub Kanjevac, criminal | Unknown | |
2014 | Rade Rakonjac, Arkan's bodyguard | Unknown |
Slovakia
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1999 | Ján Ducký, former Minister of Industry | ||
2018 | Ján Kuciak, journalist | Unknown | Shot dead along with his girlfriend while investigating the activities of Italian mafia in Slovakia |
Spain
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1369 | Peter the Cruel, King of Castile | Henry II of Castile | |
1485 | Pedro de Arbués, a prominent member of the Spanish Inquisition | Assassinated while praying in La Seo Cathedral of Zaragosa. His death allowed Grand Inquisitor Tomás de Torquemada to massively expand the Spanish Inquisition. | |
1870 | Juan Prim, Prime Minister of Spain and Governor of Puerto Rico | Shot in Madrid by unknown hand. | |
1897 | Antonio Cánovas del Castillo, Prime Minister of Spain | Michele Angiolillo | Shot in a spa in Mondragón, Guipúzcoa by an anarchist. |
1912 | José Canalejas, Prime Minister of Spain | Manuel Pardiñas | Shot in Madrid by an anarchist. |
1920 | Francesc Layret, Catalan left-wing politician | Shot in Barcelona | |
1921 | Eduardo Dato Iradier, Prime Minister of Spain | Lluís Nicolau, Pere Mateu, and Ramon Casanelles | Shot in Madrid by Catalan anarchists. |
1923 | Juan Cardinal Soldevilla y Romero, Roman Catholic archbishop of Zaragoza | Los Solidarios | |
1936 | José Castillo, Spanish Socialist Workers' Party lieutenant in the Assault Guards | Falangist gunmen | Killed in Madrid |
1936 | José Calvo Sotelo, right-wing politician and former Finance Minister | Killed in a police vehicle in Madrid. His murder helped trigger the Spanish Civil War. | |
1936 | Federico García Lorca, poet and dramatist | Nationalists | Shot at Alfacar by fascists |
1936 | Raoul Villain, assassin of Jean Jaurès | Shot on the island of Ibiza | |
1937 | Camillo Berneri, Italian anarchist | ||
1937 | Andrés Nin, Communist revolutionary | Taken to a camp by the Spanish Government and probably killed there (this is disputed) | |
1940 | Lluis Companys, President of Catalonia | Gestapo officers on the orders of Francisco Franco. | Shot in Barcelona |
1967 | Mohamed Khider, exiled Algerian politician and former Secretary-General of the FLN | Killed in Madrid | |
1968 | Melitón Manzanas, secret police officer and state torturer | ETA | Killed at Irún, Guipúzcoa |
1969 | Vjekoslav Luburić, exiled Croatian Ustaše official and fugitive war criminal | Believed to have been killed either by Yugoslav agents or rivals in the Croatian émigré community | |
1973 | Luis Carrero Blanco, Prime Minister of Spain[29] | ETA | Killed by a bomb which threw his car over a building. His murder was, according to ETA, then to intensify existing divisions within Francoist Spain between the "openness" and "purists". See Assassination of Luis Carrero Blanco |
1976 | Juan María de Araluce Villar, President of the Provincial Deputation of Gipuzkoa | ETA | Killed at San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa |
1977 | Augusto Unceta Barrenechea, President of the Provincial Deputation of Biscay | ETA | Killed at Guernica, Biscay |
1984 | Santiago Brouard, Basque nationalist | Grupos Antiterroristas de Liberación | |
1997 | Miguel Ángel Blanco, Basque municipal councillor | ETA | Kidnapped and later killed |
2000 | Fernando Buesa, former Vice Lehendakari of the Basque Country | ETA | Car bombing in Vitoria. |
2000 | Ernest Lluch, former Minister of Health | ETA | Shot in Barcelona |
2014 | Isabel Carrasco, Governor of León and provincial leader of the People's Party | Shot in León by a disgruntled government employee |
Sweden
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1156 | King Sverker I of Sweden | Killed by a servant | |
1160 | King Eric IX of Sweden | Killed during a rebellion | |
1167 | King Charles VII of Sweden | Killed by supporters of Knut Eriksson | |
1436 | Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson, Regent of Sweden | Magnus Bengtsson | |
1577 | King Eric XIV of Sweden | Killed on orders of his half-brother King John III of Sweden | |
1792 | King Gustav III of Sweden | Jacob Johan Anckarström | Shot at a masquerade ball and died two weeks later. |
1810 | Count Axel von Fersen, Marshal of the Realm | Four members of the lynching mob were charged for the killing, among them the Finnish nobleman Otto Johan Tandefelt | Killed by a mob in Stockholm after being blamed for the death of Crown Prince Carl August. Army soldiers were present at the scene, but were ordered not to interfere. |
1971 | Vladimir Rolović, Yugoslav Ambassador to Sweden | Croatian National Resistance | |
1986 | Olof Palme, Prime Minister of Sweden[3] | Unknown | Shot on his way home from a cinema in Stockholm accompanied only by his wife |
2003 | Anna Lindh, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Sweden | Mijailo Mijailović | Stabbed while visiting the NK department store in Stockholm and died a day later. She was prominently featured in the "Yes" campaign during the Euro referendum, which took place later in the same weekend. She did not have any protective detail assigned to her, because the Swedish Security Police had not received, or perceived there to be no specific threats made against her. |
Switzerland
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1308 | Albert I of Habsburg, German King and Duke of Austria | John Parricida | Killed by his nephew, whom he had deprived of his inheritance, at Windisch on the Reuss. |
1621 | Pompeius Planta, politician | Jörg Jenatsch | |
1639 | Jörg Jenatsch, politician | Killed in Chur by an assailant dressed as a bear. | |
1898 | Empress Elisabeth of Austria | Luigi Lucheni | Stabbed in the heart with a sharp needle file by an anarchist on the street in Geneva. Due to her extremely tight corset, she had no idea she has been wounded and collapsed suddenly after walking 100 yards (91 m). She died two hours later due to slow internal hemorrhaging. |
1923 | Vatslav Vorovsky, Soviet diplomat | Maurice Conradi | Killed by a White emigre |
1936 | Wilhelm Gustloff, leader of the Swiss Nazi Party | David Frankfurter | Killed by a Yugoslav Jewish student |
1960 | Félix-Roland Moumié, Cameroonian anti-colonialist activist and leader of the Union of the Peoples of Cameroon | Assassinated by the SDECE (French secret services). | |
1990 | Kazem Rajavi, exiled Iranian opposition leader | Believed to have been killed by agents of the Islamic Republic of Iran as part of the Chain Murders | |
2001 | 3 members of the Cantonal Government and 11 cantonal councilors of Zug | Friedrich Leibacher | See Zug massacre |
Turkey
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1579 | Sokollu Mehmed Pasha, Grand Vizier of Ottoman Empire | ||
1622 | Osman II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire | ||
1651 | Kösem Sultan, Valide Sultan of the Ottoman Empire | Chief Black Eunuch Lala Süleyman, Hoca Reyhan Agha, Hajji Ibrahim Agha and Ali Agha | Assassinated at Topkapı Palace during a palace coup |
1913 | Mahmud Şevket Pasha, Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire[4] | ||
2018 | Jamal Khashoggi, a Saudi journalist | killed by agents of the Saudi government at the Saudi consulate in Istanbul |
United Kingdom
Date | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
293 | Carausius, usurper of the Western Roman Empire | Allectius who Carausius appointed treasurer | coup d'état |
946 | Edmund I, King of England | Stabbed at a banquet | |
978 | Edward the Martyr, King of England | ||
995 | Kenneth II, King of Scotland | ||
1100 | William Rufus, King of England | Walter Tirel | Shot in the heart with an arrow by a nobleman, supposedly by accident, but the circumstances remain unclear. |
1170 | Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury | Four knights | Stabbed to death in Canterbury Cathedral on the orders of Henry II of England |
1306 | John III Comyn, Lord of Badenoch | Robert the Bruce, Roger de Kirkpatrick | |
1346 | Raghnall Mac Ruaidhrí | William III, Earl of Ross | Killed at Elcho Priory while attending a royal muster on the eve of a Scottish invasion of England. |
1381 | Robert Hales, Lord High Treasurer | Beheaded at Tower Hill by rebels during the Peasants' Revolt. | |
1381 | Simon of Sudbury, Lord Chancellor, Archbishop of Canterbury and Bishop of London | Beheaded at Tower Hill by rebels during the Peasants' Revolt. | |
1381 | John Cavendish, Chief Justice of the King's Bench, Chancellor of the University of Cambridge | Beheaded in Bury St Edmunds by rebels during the Peasants' Revolt. | |
1437 | King James I of Scotland | Walter Stewart, Earl of Atholl (coup leader), Sir Robert Graham (dealt lethal blow) | Killed at Perth in a failed coup by his kinsman and former ally Walter Stewart. |
1452 | William Douglas, 8th Earl of Douglas | James II of Scotland | |
1471 | Henry VI of England, King of England | Killed in the Tower of London likely on the orders of Edward IV of England. | |
1488 | King James III of Scotland | Killed by rebels. | |
1566 | David Rizzio, private secretary of Mary, Queen of Scots | Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, husband of Mary, Queen of Scots | Stabbed 57 times in front of the Queen by a mob led by her husband out of jealousy over their friendship |
1567 | Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, husband of Mary, Queen of Scots | Killed in an explosion at Kirk o' Field, Edinburgh | |
1570 | James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray, Regent of Scotland | James Hamilton | The first assassination carried out with a firearm. |
1628 | George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, Lord High Admiral/royal favourite | John Felton | Stabbed in Portsmouth as he planned a second expedition to La Rochelle. |
1679 | James Sharp, Archbishop of St Andrews | Killed in Fife. | |
1812 | Spencer Perceval, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom | John Bellingham | Killed by a disgruntled merchant. The only British prime minister to be assassinated. See Assassination of Spencer Perceval.[30] |
1812 | Louis-Alexandre de Launay, French diplomat | Stabbed to death with a stiletto along with his wife by a former servant at his home in Barnes. | |
1922 | Henry Hughes Wilson, British field marshal, retired Chief of the Imperial General Staff and Conservative politician | Reginald Dunne and Joseph O'Sullivan | Killed outside his house in Eaton Square, London, by members of the Irish Republican Army.[4] |
1940 | Michael O'Dwyer, former Lieutenant Governor of the Punjab | Udham Singh, a Punjabi revolutionary | Killed during a speech at Caxton Hall, London over his involvement in the Amritsar Massacre |
1973 | Paddy Wilson, former General Secretary of the Social Democratic and Labour Party | Stabbed to death in Belfast, along with his friend Irene Andrews. See Paddy Wilson and Irene Andrews killings. | |
1975 | Ross McWhirter, co-author of the Guinness Book of Records and right-wing political activist | Harry Duggan and Hugh Doherty | Killed outside his home in Bush Hill Park, London, by members of the Balcombe Street Gang, both of whom were Irish Republican Army volunteers. |
1977 | Kadhi Abdullah al-Hagri, former Prime Minister of North Yemen | Killed in London. | |
1978 | Georgi Markov, Bulgarian dissident | Died in London after being attacked with ricin fired from a gun disguised as an umbrella on Waterloo Bridge by suspected KGB agents. | |
July 9, 1978 | Abdul Razak al-Naif, former Prime Minister of Iraq | Killed in London | |
1979 | Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma, former Governor-General of India | Thomas McMahon | Killed while on a fishing trip along with three others by a bomb planted onto his boat by a member of the Provisional Irish Republican Army. |
1979 | Airey Neave, Conservative Member of Parliament for Abingdon and Shadow Secretary of State for Northern Ireland | Car bombing outside Palace of Westminster, by members of the Irish National Liberation Army[31] | |
1980 | John Turnley, SDLP and Irish Independence Party politician | Ulster Defence Association | Killed on the way to a political meeting. |
1981 | Sir Norman Stronge, aristocrat and Northern Irish politician, and his son, Sir James Stronge, aristocrat and Northern Irish politician | Provisional Irish Republican Army | Killed at their ancestral home, Tynan Abbey in County Armagh, which was then set on fire. |
1981 | Robert Bradford, Unionist Member of Parliament for Belfast South | IRA | Murdered during a speech at Finaghy, Belfast.[31] |
1982 | Shlomo Argov, Israeli Ambassador to the Court of St. James's | Abu Nidal Organization | Although Argov survived this assassination attempt, the injuries he sustained in the attack resulted in his death in 2003. His shooting triggered the 1982 Israeli Invasion of Lebanon |
1983 | Edgar Graham, Ulster Unionist Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly (1982) | Shot by an IRA gunman outside Queen's University Belfast.[31] | |
1984 | Anthony Berry, Conservative Member of Parliament for Enfield Southgate | IRA | Killed in the Brighton hotel bombing. |
1987 | George Seawright, Unionist Northern Ireland politician | Killed by the Irish People's Liberation Organisation in Shankill, Belfast. | |
1989 | Pat Finucane, solicitor | Ken Barrett | Killed in Belfast by Ulster Loyalists. |
1990 | Ian Gow, Conservative Member of Parliament for Eastbourne | IRA | Killed by a car bomb near his house in East Sussex.[31] |
1997 | Billy Wright, Loyalist Volunteer Force leader | INLA prisoners | Killed in Maze Prison.[32] |
2006 | Alexander Litvinenko, former FSB officer and critic of Russian President Vladimir Putin | Unknowns from Russia | Acute radiation syndrome via ingestion of polonium-210. See Poisoning of Alexander Litvinenko.[33] |
2016 | Jo Cox, Labour Member of Parliament for Batley and Spen | Thomas Mair | Shooting and stabbing incident before a constituency surgery. See Murder of Jo Cox.[34] |
2021 | Sir David Amess, Conservative Member of Parliament for Southend West | Ali Harbi Ali | Stabbed during a constituency surgery. See Murder of David Amess. |
Ukraine
Year | Victim(s) | Assassin(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Ukrainian SSR | |||
1921 | Mykola Leontovych, composer | Soviet state security agent Afanasy Grishchenko. | Shot in his home after a robbery |
1949 | Yaroslav Halan, anti-fascist writer[35] | Mykhailo Stakhur and Ilariy Lukashevych | Killed with an axe at his home office in Lviv by members of the OUN (according to the Soviet official version, ordered by the Vatican) |
1979 | Volodymyr Ivasiuk, composer | Found hanged in a forest outside of Lviv. | |
Independent Ukraine | |||
1993 | Yuri Osmanov, Crimean Tatar civil rights activist | Brutally beaten by unidentified assailants and died the next day. | |
1995 | Akhat Bragin, businessman and president of the Shakhtar Donetsk football club | Killed by a bomb at the Shakhtar Stadium in Donetsk. | |
1996 | Yevhen Shcherban, People's Deputy of Ukraine | Shot dead along with his wife and bodyguard while departing a plane at Donetsk International Airport. | |
1998 | Vadym Hetman, former Chairman of the National Bank of Ukraine | Shot by a contract killer in Kyiv. | |
2000 | Georgiy Gongadze, journalist | Agents of the Ministry of Internal Affairs | Disappeared, found decapitated and doused in dioxine 2 months later near Tarashcha. |
2005 | Stepan Senchuk, former Governor of Lviv Oblast | Shot while in his car. | |
2014 | Oleh Babaiev, Mayor of Kremenchuk | Shot in front of his home | |
2015 | Oles Buzina, pro-Russian writer | Shot near his home in Kyiv. | |
2016 | Pavel Sheremet, Belarusian journalist | Died in a car explosion in Kyiv. | |
2017 | Denis Voronenkov, former member of the State Duma of the Russian Federation | Pavel Parshov, veteran of Ukraine's volunteer battalion.[36] | Shot dead in Kyiv while on his way to meet a fellow exiled parliamentarian, Ilya Ponomarev. |
2017 | Maksym Shapoval, Intelligence officer and head of the special forces of the Chief Directorate of Intelligence of the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine | Killed in a car bombing in Kyiv | |
2018 | Alexander Zakharchenko, pro-Russian separatist and Head of the Donetsk People's Republic, concurrent Prime Minister of the Donetsk People's Republic | Killed in a bomb explosion in a cafe in Donetsk | |
2021 | Vitaly Shishov, exiled Belarusian dissident | Found hanging in a forest after being reported missing the previous day | |
2022 | Volodymyr Struk, Mayor of Kreminna | Abducted and killed during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine | |
2022 | Yuriy Prylypko, Mayor of Hostomel | Killed during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine | |
2022 | Olga Sukhenko, Village Head of Motyzhyn | Killed during the Russian occupation of Bucha | |
24 August 2022 | Ivan Sushko, Russian-appointed head of Mykhailivka in Zaporizhzhia Oblast | Killed in a car bombing during the Russian occupation of Zaporizhzhia Oblast. | |
28 August 2022 | Oleksiy Kovalov, Member of the Verkhovna Rada | Shot during an attack on his residence in Zaliznyi Port. |
See also
References
- ^ a b c d World Almanac 2004, p155
- ^ "stalin's secret pogrom-INTRO". Joshuarubenstein.com. August 25, 1997. Archived from the original on August 27, 2007. Retrieved January 29, 2012.
- ^ a b c d "Historic Assassinations Since 1865," The World Almanac and Book of Facts 2004, p156 (World Almanac 2004)
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l 20th Century Timeline, p118
- ^ The Assassination of Symon Petliura and the Trial of Scholem Schwarzbard 1926–1927: A Selection of Documents. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. 2016-04-18. ISBN 9783647310275.
- ^ Dietze, Carola; Verhoeven, Claudia, eds. (2022). The Oxford Handbook of the History of Terrorism. Oxford University Press. p. 544. ISBN 9780199858569.
- ^ The Hungarian Illuminated Chronicle (ch. 75), p. 109.
- ^ Herman of Reichenau: Chronicle (year 1044), pp. 75–76.
- ^ "CARLO III d'Angiò Durazzo, re di Napoli, detto della Pace, o il Piccolo in "Dizionario Biografico"".
- ^ Monaci Lőrinc krónikája Kis Károlyról. - Carmen seu historia de Carolo II. cognomento Parvo, rege Hungariae, Fordította: Márki Sándor, Budapest, Athenaeum, 1910.
- ^ Michaud, Claude (2000-04-27). "The Kingdoms of Central Europe in the Fourteenth Century". In McKitterick, Rosamond (ed.). The New Cambridge Medieval History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 735–763. doi:10.1017/chol9780521362900.032. ISBN 0-521-36291-1. OCLC 29184676.
- ^ This faithful story of the capture of the queens was written down by Queen Mária herself in Debrecen, in a letter dated September 7, 1387Fejér, CD. X/III., 313.), mely eddig történetiróink figyelmét elkerülte. V. ö. Hazai Okmt. VII. 434. – Gr. Károlyi cs. oklt. I. 546. – Fejér, CD. X/I., 333., 339., 343., 367., 426 In: Szilagyi: A magyar nemzet története. https://mek.oszk.hu/00800/00893/html/
- ^ "The main supporters of Zsigmond's party gathered together in Körösudvarhely. In addition to the already named lords and companions of Zsigmond's journey abroad: Archbishop János Kanizsai, Miklós Garai, Count Hermann Cillei, there were also Miklós Treutel, Simon Szécsényi, László the son of Pál Garai, István Debrői, the counts of Corbavia and most of the nobility from Slavonia and Duna. The Laczkfis and their companions also showed up, confident in the power of the royal letter of immunity, and with the hope that they would manage to clear themselves [from blames] and continue with duplicitous policies. But the king prepared for bloody revenge against them, and since he could not initiate the legal process due to the letter of immunity, his followers undertook to carry out the work of vengeance. During the deliberations, on February 27, on auspicious occasion, when the converted partisans appeared before the king without armed escort, the Hungarian lords loyal to Sigismund, including the Palatine himself, Miklós Garai and Cillei, grabbed swords and attacked them. The two István Laczkfi bled to death under the blows of the lords' swords; András Laczkfi was taken prisoner with several of his companions. Those who were able to escape - we don't know[all of] their names - sought refuge in Bosnia. István Ördög also ran here, who had been kicked out of Szentgyörgy castle a few days before by the Archbishop of Esztergom, Miklós Szécsi and István Kanizsai.8" Szilágyi : A magyar nemzet története. https://mek.oszk.hu/00800/00893/html/
- ^ "Cillei gróf meggyilkolása". 8 November 2007.
- ^ "Ulrich II von Cilli | Austrian prince | Britannica".
- ^ "Czibak – Magyar Katolikus Lexikon".
- ^ "New book features shooting story from Ballinamore". www.leitrimobserver.ie. Archived from the original on 2018-03-06. Retrieved 2019-06-07.
- ^ "Sligo Today News for Sligo County - Killing of local TD in election recalled in new book". Archived from the original on 2018-03-06. Retrieved 2018-03-05.
- ^ Adams, John (1794). A defence of the constitutions of government of the United States of America, against the attack of M. Turgot in his letter to Dr. Price, dated the twenty-second day of March, 1778. London: John Stockdale. pp. 153–155. OCLC 2678599.
John Maria.
- ^ a b "Historic Assassinations Since 1865," The World Almanac and Book of Facts 1982 (World Almanac 1982), p750
- ^ a b "Assassinations and Political Murders," 20th Century Timeline (Griesewood & Dempsey, Ltd., 1985) (Crescent Books, 1985) [20th Century Timeline], p119
- ^ "Parliament Candidate In Kosovo Assassinated". www.rferl.org. Retrieved 2022-06-16.
- ^ "F.E. (Folkert) Posthuma" (in Dutch).
- ^ "Pawel Adamowicz, Gdansk mayor, dies after stabbing at charity event". BBC News. 14 January 2019. Archived from the original on 14 January 2019. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
- ^ "Terror-99". Archived from the original on 28 May 2003. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ "Terror-99". Archived from the original on 3 April 2004. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ "Vladimir Marugov murder: Russian 'Sausage King' killed in sauna with a crossbow". BBC News. 2020-11-02. Retrieved 2021-02-27.
- ^ Harding, Luke (21 August 2022). "Daughter of Putin ally Alexander Dugin killed by car bomb in Moscow". TheGuardian.com.
- ^ 20th Century Timeline, p120
- ^ "BBC News - The MP whose ancestor killed the prime minister". news.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 15 January 2017.
- ^ a b c d Siddique, Haroon (16 June 2016). "MPs who have been attacked Amy Robsart while in office". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 16 June 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2017.
- ^ "Billy Wright: the loyalist assassin too violent for his comrades - BelfastTelegraph.co.uk". Belfasttelegraph. Archived from the original on 16 January 2017. Retrieved 15 January 2017.
- ^ "Alexander Litvinenko: Profile of murdered Russian spy". BBC News. 21 January 2016. Archived from the original on 14 January 2017. Retrieved 15 January 2017.
- ^ Danny Boyle Raziye Akkoc (2016-06-17). "Labour MP Jo Cox dies after being shot and stabbed as husband urges people to 'fight against the hate' that killed her". Telegraph.co.uk. Archived from the original on 16 June 2016. Retrieved 28 January 2017.
- ^ Marples, David R. (2013-01-23). Heroes and Villains : Creating National History in Contemporary Ukraine. Hors collection. Budapest: Central European University Press. pp. 125–165. ISBN 9786155211355.
- ^ working for Russian Secret Service."Kyiv Identifies Suspected Gunman In Ex-Duma Deputy's Assassination Archived 2018-07-15 at the Wayback Machine". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. March 24, 2017.