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Topola

Coordinates: 44°15′N 20°42′E / 44.250°N 20.700°E / 44.250; 20.700
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For other uses, see Topola (disambiguation).
Topola
Топола
Town and municipality
Topola with Oplenac at its hilltop
Topola with Oplenac at its hilltop
Flag of Topola
Flag
Coat of arms of Topola
Coat of arms
Location of the municipality of Topola within Serbia
Location of the municipality of Topola within Serbia
Country Serbia
RegionŠumadija and Western Serbia
DistrictŠumadija
Settlements31
Government
 • MayorDragan Živanovic (NS)
Area
[1]
 • Town5.91 km2 (2.28 sq mi)
 • Municipality356 km2 (137 sq mi)
Elevation
272 m (892 ft)
Population
 (2011 census)[2]
 • Town
4,573
 • Town density770/km2 (2,000/sq mi)
 • Municipality
22,207
 • Municipality density62/km2 (160/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
34310
Area code+381(0)34
Car platesTO
Websitewww.topola.com

Topola (Serbian Cyrillic: Топола, [tɔpɔ̌la]) is a town and municipality located in the Šumadija District of central Serbia. It was the place where Karađorđe, a Serbian revolutionary, was chosen as the leader of the First Serbian Uprising against the Ottoman Empire in 1804. The local St. George Church is the burial place of the Ducal and Royal Family of Serbia and Yugoslavia (the Karađorđevićes).

The name Topola means poplar. Topola is famous for its yearly Oplenac vintage festival, attended by several thousand visitors each year.

Settlements

Aside from the town of Topola (5,422), the municipality includes the following settlements, according to 2002 census (population in brackets):

History

The region was heavily settled after the Battle of Kosovo in 1389, seen in the many medieval cemeteries in villages of Topola. Despot Stefan Lazarević died and was buried in the nearby Crkvine hamlet. On June 20, 1459, the city of Rudnik fell to the Ottomans, situated south of Topola. A hamlet was named Despotovica in memory of the fallen Serbian Despotate. The region was further settled with the great migration of Serbs in the 17th century.

The town was established in 1781, by Vožd Karageorge, on the right of the Kamenica River [sr]. The town was destroyed during the First Serbian Uprising, when Kučuk-Alija ravaged the Šumadija region in 1804, also burning down Karageorge's house. The renovation began in 1805, when the town was renewed as a fortified city; Karageorge built a new mansion on the ruins of his previous house, and several buildings surrounding, they were all protected with palisades and peep holes, making Topola a strategic settlement. With the successful revolts, Topola gains a political importance. The Vožd further expanded the town, from 1808 to 1813 he built large walls, towers, konaks, a school, a church and many other buildings. Topola became the centre of Revolutionary Serbia, where Karageorge was seated.

In 1814, just when the city was finished, the Ottomans tackle the Uprising and Topola was seriously damaged, only ruins were left. Aleksandar Karađorđević, the son of Karageorge, renewed the city and settled people in a higher degree, streets were built with nicer buildings and shops. With the comeback of the House of Obrenović in 1858, Topola saw further development.


Economy

Topola is an agricultural area and farmers are producing fruit, vegetables and breeding cattle.

The following table gives a preview of total number of registered people employed in legal entities per their core activity (as of 2018):[3]

Activity Total
Agriculture, forestry and fishing 84
Mining and quarrying 35
Manufacturing 809
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply 51
Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities 98
Construction 94
Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles 664
Transportation and storage 174
Accommodation and food services 163
Information and communication 31
Financial and insurance activities 47
Real estate activities 2
Professional, scientific and technical activities 93
Administrative and support service activities 44
Public administration and defense; compulsory social security 223
Education 339
Human health and social work activities 142
Arts, entertainment and recreation 53
Other service activities 89
Individual agricultural workers 1,611
Total 4,849

Tourism

Topola has the preconditions necessary for development of a tourism industry. Historical and cultural monuments (Cultural Heritage of Serbia) exist: revolutionary and royal (Karageorge's town), ecclesiastical (St. George's church, Nikolje monasteries). It is a wine region (Oplenac), and a large hunting ground Kamenica.

Visitor attractions

  • Oplenac, church and mausoleum of the Karađorđević (22 members), built 1910-2
  • Nikolje Monastery, built in 1425 by Nikola Dorjenovic
  • Karageorge's town, restored quarters of the 1810s revolutionary town
    • Karageorge's church (church of Our Blessed Lady)
  • Peter's house, King Peter's estate
  • King's villa, Karađorđević estate
  • Queen's villa, Karađorđević estate
  • Winegrower's house, former royal wine cellar, now gallery
  • Oplenac Wine region
  • Kamenica Hunting ground, hunting region
  • Oplenac Vintage (Oplenacka berba) annual folk festival second weekend of October
  • The historic Post office building
    The historic Post office building
  • The Oplenac Royal Mausoleum
    The Oplenac Royal Mausoleum

References

  1. ^ "Municipalities of Serbia, 2006". Statistical Office of Serbia. Retrieved 2010-11-28.
  2. ^ "2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia: Comparative Overview of the Number of Population in 1948, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2002 and 2011, Data by settlements" (PDF). Statistical Office of Republic Of Serbia, Belgrade. 2014. ISBN 978-86-6161-109-4. Retrieved 2014-06-27.
  3. ^ "MUNICIPALITIES AND REGIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA, 2019" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. 25 December 2019. Retrieved 28 December 2019.
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44°15′N 20°42′E / 44.250°N 20.700°E / 44.250; 20.700

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