Pulp and paper industry

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International Paper is the world’s largest pulp and paper maker.
Paper mill Mondi SCP in Ružomberok, Slovakia.

The pulp and paper industry comprises companies that use wood as raw material and produce pulp, paper, board and other cellulose-based products.

The industry is dominated by North American (United States and Canada), northern European (Finland, Sweden, and North-West Russia) and East Asian countries (such as East Siberian Russia, China, Japan, and South Korea). Australasia and Brazil also have significant pulp and paper enterprises. The United States had been the world's leading producer of paper until it was overtaken by China in 2009.[1]

The industry is criticized by environmental groups like the Natural Resources Defense Council for unsustainable deforestation and clearcutting of old-growth forest.[2] The industry trend is to expand globally to countries like Russia, China and Indonesia with low wages and low environmental oversight.[3] According to Greenpeace, farmers in Central America illegally rip up vast tracts of native forest for cattle and soybean production without any consequences,[4] and companies who buy timber from private land owners contribute to massive deforestation of the Amazon Rainforest.[5]

Considering that the pulp and paper industry is a practitioner of nanotechnology,[6] then it is easily the world's largest.[7]

List of main countries by production quantity

According to statistic data by RISI, main producing countries of paper and paperboard, not including pulp, in the world are as follows:[8]

Rank
2011		 Country Production in 2011
(1,000 ton)		 Share
2011		 Rank
2010		 Production in 2010
(1,000 ton)
1  China 99,300 24.9% 1 92,599
2  United States 75,083 18.8% 2 75,849
3  Japan 26,627 6.7% 3 27,288
4  Germany 22,698 5.7% 4 23,122
5  Canada 12,112 3.0% 5 12,787
6  South Korea 11,492 2.9% 8 11,120
7  Finland 11,329 2.8% 6 11,789
8  Sweden 11,298 2.8% 7 11,410
9  Brazil 10,159 2.5% 10 9,796
10  Indonesia 10,035 2.5% 9 9,951
　 World Total 398,975 100.0% 　 394,244
See also: ru:Список стран, производящих бумагу и картон

List of main company groups by production quantity

The world's main paper and paperboard company groups are as follows. (Some figures are estimates.):[9][citation needed]

Rank Company Group Country Production in 2010
(1,000 ton)		 Rank by Sales
1 Asia Pulp and Paper  Indonesia 19,000 1
1 International Paper  United States 11,922 2
2 Stora Enso  Finland 10,812 3
3 UPM  Finland 9,914 7
4 Svenska Cellulosa Aktiebolaget  Sweden 8,948 6
5 Smurfit Kappa Group  Ireland 7,650 9
6 Nippon Paper  Japan 7,292 5
7 Nine Dragons Paper  China 7,280 31
8 Sappi  South Africa 6,900 11
9 Oji Paper  Japan 6,861 4
10 Smurfit-Stone Container  United States 5,896 13
11 Abitibi Bowater  Canada 5,318 20
12 NewPage  United States 4,400 23
13 Norske Skog  Norway 3,998 30
14 Mondi  United Kingdom/
 South Africa		 3,697 10
15 Temple-Inland  United States 3,660 28
16 Lee & Man Paper  China 3,500 46
17 Domtar  Canada 3,482 15
18 Shandong Chenming Paper Holdings  China 3,350 35
19 Cascades  Canada 3,330 22
20 Siam Cement (SCC)  Thailand 3,191 51

List by net sales

2007

In 2007, the top 10 forest, paper and packaging products companies were:[10]

Rank Company Country 2007 Net Sales
(US$M)		 2007 Net Income (Loss)
(US$M)
1 International Paper  USA 21,890 1,168
2 Stora Enso  Finland 18,322 (291)
3 Kimberly-Clark  USA 18,266 1,822
4 SCA  Sweden 15,675 1,056
5 Weyerhaeuser  USA 13,949 462
6 UPM  Finland 13,748 111
7 Oji Paper  Japan 10,439 146
8 Metsäliitto  Finland 10,507 (12)
9 Nippon Unipac  Japan 9,990 195
10 Smurfit Kappa  Ireland 9,963 202

2008

In 2008, the top 10 forest, paper and packaging products companies were:[11]

Rank Company Country 2008 Net Sales
(US$M)		 2008 Net Income (Loss)
(US$M)
1 International Paper  United States 24,829 (1,282)
2 Kimberly-Clark  United States 19,415 1,690
3 SCA  Sweden 16,965 857
4 Stora Enso  Finland 16,227 (991)
5 UPM  Finland 13,920 (263)
6 Oji Paper  Japan 12,788 114
7 Nippon Unipac  Japan 11,753 55
8 Smurfit Kappa  Ireland 10,390 (73)
9 Metsäliitto  Finland 9,335 (313)
10 Mondi Group  UK/ South Africa 9,466 (310)

Leading manufacturers of capital equipment with over $1 billion in annual revenue for the pulp and paper industry include:

See also

References

  1. ^ De Sisti, Mike (12 December 2012). "China's Paper Operation". Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting. Retrieved 13 April 2013.
  2. ^ "NRDC: Paper Industry Laying Waste to North American Forests". www.nrdc.org. Retrieved 2016-02-19.
  3. ^ "A crumpling paper industry". Oregon Local News. Retrieved 2016-02-19.
  4. ^ "Amazon draught speeds up destruction The WE News Archives". www.thewe.cc. Retrieved 2016-02-19.
  5. ^ Phillips, Tom (2011-05-20). "Brazil forms 'crisis cabinet' following unexpected deforestation surge". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2016-02-19.
  6. ^ Pira International Ltd. Nanotechnology in Paper Production. iSmithers Rapra Publishing. ISBN 184735811X.
  7. ^ Hubbe, M.A. (2006). "Does production of the world's highest-tonnage manufactured item often involve nanotechnology?". Nanotechnology Perceptions. 2 (3): 263–265. ISSN 1660-6795.
  8. ^ "Japan in the World (according to the figure in Annual Review of Global Pulp and Paper Statistics by RISI)" (in Japanese). Japan Paper Association. Retrieved Dec.17, 2011 and Nov.15, 2012. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  9. ^ "The PPI Top 100 - most companies in the black". RISI. Retrieved 2011-12-17.
  10. ^ "Global Forest, Paper & Packaging Industry Survey: 2008 Edition – Survey of 2007 Results" (pdf). PricewaterhouseCoopers. p. 7. Retrieved 2011-02-24.
  11. ^ "Global Forest, Paper & Packaging Industry Survey: 2009 Edition - Survey of 2008 Results" (pdf). PricewaterhouseCoopers. p. 12. Retrieved 2011-02-24.

External links

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