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Raipur

Coordinates: 21°15′N 81°38′E / 21.25°N 81.63°E / 21.25; 81.63
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This article is about Raipur, the capital city of Chhattisgarh. For other places, see Raipur (disambiguation).

Raipur
Metropolis
Sarvdharma temple in Raipur
Statues exhibiting Chhattisgarhi 'Dangchagha' folk dance in Raipur Park
Raipur Airport
Top to Bottom:Shri Sarvdharm Hanuman temple in Raipur Railway Station, statues exhibiting Chhattisgarhi 'Dangchagha' folk dance in Purkhoti Muktangan Park, Raipur Airport
Coordinates: 21°15′N 81°38′E / 21.25°N 81.63°E / 21.25; 81.63
CountryIndia
StateChhattisgarh
DistrictRaipur
Government
 • TypeMunicipal Corporation
 • BodyRaipur Municipal Corporation

Raipur Development Authority (RDA)

Naya Raipur Development Authority (NRDA)
 • MayorAijaz Dhebar (INC)
 • District CollectorDr. S Bharathidasan (IAS).
 • Senior Superintendent of PoliceMr Arif Sheikh (IPS)
 • Municipal CommissionerMr. Shiv Anant Tayal (IAS)
Area
 • Metropolis226 km2 (87 sq mi)
Elevation
298.15 m (978.18 ft)
Population
 (2011)[1]
 • Metropolis1,010,087
 • RankIndia : 45th
Chhattisgarh : 1st
 • Density4,500/km2 (12,000/sq mi)
 • Metro
[2]
1,122,555
DemonymRaipurians / Raipurya
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
492001-22, 493111-211
Vehicle registrationCG-04
UN/LOCODEIN RPR
Websitewww.raipur.gov.in

Raipur (/ˈraɪpʊr/ pronunciationⓘ) is the capital city of the Indian state of Chhattisgarh. Raipur is also the administrative headquarters of Raipur district and Raipur division. It is also the largest city of the state. It was formerly a part of Madhya Pradesh before the state of Chhattisgarh was formed on 1 November 2000.[3] It has a widely diverse population from all over the country. On industrial prospects, it has seen an exponential growth over the years. With a strong presence of international brands and prominent global automobile companies, Raipur has emerged as a major business hub in central India. It is ranked 7th in Ease of Living Index 2019 by Union Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA).[4][5]

History

The earliest archaeological evidence from old sites and ruins of fort indicate the existence of Raipur since the 9th century. However, there are enough literary evidences which define the history of Raipur since the time of the Maurya Empire. Raipur district was once part of Southern Kosal and considered to be under the Maurya Empire. Raipur had later been the capital of the Haihaya Kings, controlling the traditional forts of Chhattisgarh for a long time. Satawahana Kings ruled this part till the 2nd-3rd century AD. Samudragupta had conquered this region in the fourth century, but the region came under the sway of Sarabhpuri Kings and then Nala Kings in 5th and 6th centuries. Later on Somavanshi kings had taken the control over this region and ruled with Sirpur as their capital city. The Kalchuri Kings of Tumman ruled this part for a long time making Ratanpur as capital. It is believed that the King Ramachandra of this dynasty established the city of Raipur and subsequently made it the capital of his kingdom.[6]

Another story about Raipur is that King Ramachandra's son Brahmdeo Rai had established Raipur. His capital was Khalwatika (now Khallari). The newly constructed city was named after Brahmdeo Rai as ‘Raipur’. It was during his time in 1402 A.D. that the temple of Hatkeshwar Mahadev was constructed on the banks of the river Kharun which still remains one of the oldest landmarks in Raipur. After the death of king Amarsingh Deo, this region had become the domain of Bhonsle Kings of Nagpur. With the death of Raghuji the III, the territory was assumed by the British government from Bhonsle's and Chhattisgarh was declared a separate Commission with its headquarters at Raipur in 1854. After independence, Raipur district was included in the Central Provinces and Berar. Raipur district became a part of Madhya Pradesh on 1 November 1956 and subsequently became a part of Chhattisgarh on 1 November 2000 with Raipur becoming the capital of the new state.[7]

Demographics

See also: List of cities in Chhattisgarh

As of the 2011 census, Raipur Municipal Corporation had a population of 1,010,087, of which 519,286 are males and 490,801 are females —a sex ratio of 945 females per 1000 males, higher than the national average of 940 per 1000.[8] 124,471 children are in the age group of 0–6 years, of which 64,522 are boys and 59,949 are girls —a ratio of 929 girls per 1000 boys. There are 769,593 literates (420,155 males, 349,438 females). The effective literacy was 86.90%; male literacy was 92.39% and female literacy was 81.10%, significantly higher than the national average of 73.00%.[1][9]

The urban agglomeration had a population of 1,122,555, of which males constitute 578,339, females constitute 544,216 —a sex ratio of 941 females per 1000 males and 142,826 children are in the age group of 0–6 years. There are a total of 846,952 literates with an effective literacy rate of 86.45%.[2]

Geography and climate

Raipur
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
 
 
6.7
 
 
28
13
 
 
12
 
 
31
17
 
 
25
 
 
36
21
 
 
16
 
 
40
25
 
 
19
 
 
42
28
 
 
190
 
 
37
27
 
 
381
 
 
31
24
 
 
345
 
 
30
24
 
 
230
 
 
31
24
 
 
54
 
 
32
22
 
 
7.4
 
 
30
17
 
 
3.7
 
 
27
13
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█ Precipitation totals in mm
Source: IMD
Imperial conversion
JFMAMJJASOND
 
 
0.3
 
 
82
56
 
 
0.5
 
 
88
62
 
 
1
 
 
96
69
 
 
0.6
 
 
103
78
 
 
0.7
 
 
108
83
 
 
7.5
 
 
99
80
 
 
15
 
 
87
75
 
 
14
 
 
86
75
 
 
9.1
 
 
88
75
 
 
2.1
 
 
89
71
 
 
0.3
 
 
85
62
 
 
0.1
 
 
81
56
█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches

Geography

Raipur is located near the centre of a large plain, sometimes referred as the "rice bowl of India", where hundreds of varieties of rice are grown.[10] The Mahanadi River flows to the east of the city of Raipur, and the southern side has dense forests. The Maikal Hills rise on the north-west of Raipur; on the north, the land rises and merges with the Chota Nagpur Plateau, which extends north-east across Jharkhand state. On the south of Raipur lies the Deccan Plateau.

Climate

Raipur has a tropical wet and dry climate, temperatures remain moderate throughout the year, except from March to June, which can be extremely hot. The temperature in April–May sometimes rises above 48 °C (118 °F). These summer months also have dry and hot winds. The city receives about 1,300 millimetres (51 in) of rain, mostly in the monsoon season from late June to early October. Winters last from November to January and are mild, although lows can fall to 5 °C (41 °F) making it reasonably cold.

Template:Raipur weatherbox

Transport

Raipur Junction Railway Station Entrance
Swami Vivekananda Airport, Raipur

Railways

Raipur Junction railway station is the primary railway station of the city which is situated on the Howrah-Nagpur-Mumbai line of the Indian Railways (via Bhusawal, Nagpur, Gondia, Bilaspur, Rourkela, Kharagpur) and is connected with most major cities. Some small railway stations are also present here for local trains like Sarona, Saraswati Nagar and WRS Colony railway stations.They also lie on same Howrah-Nagpur-Mumbai line.

Airport

Swami Vivekananda Airport or Mana Airport is primary airport serving the state of Chhattisgarh. The airport is located, 15 km (9.3 mi) south of Raipur near Naya Raipur.

Education

Raipur has become a big educational hub of Chhattisgarh due to the presence of many institutes of national importance in engineering, management, medical and law. It is the only city in India which is home to IIM, NIT, AIIMS, Hidayatullah National Law University (HNLU), and IIIT.[11]

View of the Rajkumar College, Raipur

Premier institutes

Government universities

Private universities and deemed universities

Commerce, engineering and management colleges

Primary and secondary education

Media

News channels

Many local news channels are telecast from Raipur in Hindi:

News channels Language
CG 24 news channel CG Hindi
IBC 24 Hindi
Khabar Bharati Hindi
Grand News (Cable Network) Hindi
ETV MP Chhattisgarh Hindi
Sadhna News Hindi
Sahara Samaye Hindi
Zee MP CG Hindi
India News MP CG Hindi
Bansal News Hindi
Abhi Tak (Cable Network) Hindi
Inh News Hindi

Newspapers

Many national and local newspapers are published from Raipur both in Hindi and English:

Newspaper Language
Dainik Bhaskar Hindi
Dainik Vishwa Pariwar Hindi
Patrika Hindi
Nava Bharat Hindi
Deshbandhu Hindi
Nai Duniya Hindi
Haribhoomi Hindi
The Times of India English
The Central Chronicle English
Hindustan Times English
Hindustan Hindi
The Hitavada English
The Pioneer English
Business Standard English, Hindi
Business Bhaskar English, Hindi

Radio

Raipur city has five FM Radio Stations -

Frequency Modulation Channel Slogan
94.3 FM MY FM Jio Dil Se
95.0 FM FM Tadka Sound's Good
98.3 FM Radio Mirchi Mirchi Sunane Wale Always Khush
101.6 FM All India Radio Raipur & Vividh Bharti Desh Ki Surili Dhadkan
104.8 FM Radio Rangila Jamm ke suno

Notable people associated with Raipur

  • Abdul Qadir Raipuri, a spiritual reformer and well known guide of Islam.
  • Anurag Basu, noted Bollywood movie director, was born in Raipur and later moved to the neighboring city of Bhilai.
  • Habib Tanvir, noted theater artist and playwright, was born in Raipur in 1923.
  • Harinath De, Indian historian, scholar and a polyglot, later became the first Indian librarian of the National Library of India (then Imperial Library) spent his childhood and did his initial schooling in Raipur.
  • Harshad Mehta, infamous stock broker, spent his childhood in Raipur after his parents moved here from Mumbai.
  • K. S. Sudarshan, former chief of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, was born in Raipur in 1931.
  • Lucky Ali, noted Bollywood singer/composer/actor did a part of his schooling from Rajkumar College, Raipur[12]
  • Mohammad Hidayatullah, former Chief Justice of India and former acting president of India, received his primary education at the Government High School of Raipur until 1922.
  • Ravishankar Shukla, the first Chief Minister of the state of Madhya Pradesh, spent his childhood and was educated in Raipur.
  • Shekhar Sen, world-famous musical monoact player, born and raised in Raipur.
  • Swami Vivekananda spent two years of his teenage in Raipur from 1877 till 1879 when his father was transferred here.[13]
    Swami Vivekananda spent 2 years of his teenage in this building at Raipur
  • Teejan Bai, famous traditional performing artist for Pandavani.
  • Vallabhacharya, a Hindu theologian and philosopher was born in the village of Champaran about 60 km (37 mi) away from Raipur in 1479
  • Veer Narayan Singh,[14][15] freedom fighter, he was jailed at Raipur by the British Army.
  • Vidya Charan Shukla, former Union Minister and a nine-term parliamentarian, was born in Raipur


See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Cities having population 1 lakh and above, Census 2011" (PDF). The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 May 2012. Retrieved 25 June 2014.
  2. ^ a b "Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). censusindia. The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 25 June 2014.
  3. ^ Ajit Kumar Jha (8 July 2018). "Credible Chhattisgarh". State of the States. India Today. Archived from the original on 14 July 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2019 – via INDIATODAY.IN.
  4. ^ "AP, ODISHA & Madhya Pradesh Bag award of Three Best Performing States In "Ease of Living Index"". pib.nic.in. Archived from the original on 20 February 2019. Retrieved 20 February 2019.
  5. ^ Pioneer, The. "Raipur beats Indore, Bhopal in Ease of living Index". The Pioneer. Archived from the original on 20 February 2019. Retrieved 20 February 2019.
  6. ^ "Raipur Heritage and History". raipur-heritage.mapunity.com. Archived from the original on 8 January 2019. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
  7. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2 January 2019. Retrieved 2 January 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  8. ^ "Sex Ratio". The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Archived from the original on 22 September 2014. Retrieved 2 September 2014.
  9. ^ "Chapter–3 (Literates and Literacy rate)" (PDF). Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 November 2013. Retrieved 2 September 2014.
  10. ^ "Chhattisgarh Details, Chhattisgarh Online, Chhattisgarh Information, Chhattisgarh State". Walkincg.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
  11. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 12 August 2014. Retrieved 12 August 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  12. ^ "Songs of Lucky Ali Bollywood Songs". Jhunkar.com. Archived from the original on 14 February 2012. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
  13. ^ "Reminiscences of Swami Vivekananda – Frank Parlato Jr. - Bhupendranath Datta". Vivekananda.net. Archived from the original on 25 January 2012. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
  14. ^ "EXECUTION OF VEER NARAYAN SINGH". indianpost.com. Archived from the original on 18 January 2015. Retrieved 21 January 2015.
  15. ^ Veer Narayan Singh
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