List of F5 and EF5 tornadoes

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Parkersburg, Iowa EF5 tornado on May 25, 2008

This is a list of all official rated and authoritatively suggested probable F5 tornadoes ever recorded. Also included are the official Enhanced Fujita Scale EF5 tornadoes – the replacement of the older tornado classification system in the United States – which came into effect in February 2007.

Since structures are completely destroyed in both cases, the difference between F4 and F5 is perhaps the most difficult rating to determine.[1]

Contents

[edit] Official F5 tornadoes

F5 damage at Moore, OK, May 1999

The tornadoes on this list have been officially rated F5 by an official government source. Unless otherwise noted, the tornadoes on this list have been rated "F5" by the National Weather Service, as shown in the archives of the Storm Prediction Center and National Climatic Data Center.[2]

No tornadoes prior to 1950 were officially ranked F5, due to inadequate engineering data and other information on the historical tornadoes. From 1950 - 1970 tornadoes were assessed retrogressively, primarily using information recorded in government databases, and newspaper photographs and descriptions. Beginning in 1971, tornadoes were rated by the NWS using on-site damage surveys.[3]

For United States tornadoes as of February 1, 2007, the Fujita scale has been recalibrated to more accurately match tornado speeds with their damage and to augment and refine damage descriptors. The new system is called the Enhanced Fujita scale. No earlier tornadoes will be reclassified, and no new tornadoes in the United States will be rated F5.

Total: 51

Date Location Death Toll Wikipedia article Disputed?
01953-05-11May 11, 1953 Waco, Texas 114 1953 Waco tornado outbreak
01953-05-29May 29, 1953 Ft. Rice, North Dakota 2
01953-06-08June 8, 1953 Flint, Michigan 116[4] Flint-Worcester tornado outbreak sequence
01953-06-27June 27, 1953 Adair, Iowa 1
01953-12-05December 5, 1953 Vicksburg, MS 38 Yes, destroyed structures were frail[5]
01955-05-25May 25, 1955 Blackwell, Oklahoma 20 1955 Great Plains tornado outbreak
01955-05-25May 25, 1955 Udall, Kansas 82 1955 Great Plains tornado outbreak
01956-04-03April 3, 1956 Grand Rapids - Hudsonville, Michigan 18 April 1956 Hudsonville-Standale tornado
01957-05-20May 20, 1957 Kansas - Missouri 44 May 1957 Central Plains tornado outbreak
01957-06-20June 20, 1957 Fargo, North Dakota [1] 10 1957 Fargo tornado
01957-12-18December 18, 1957 Murphysboro, Illinois 1
01958-06-04June 4, 1958 Menomonie, Wisconsin 20 Colfax, Wisconsin tornado outbreak
01960-05-05May 5, 1960 Prague, Oklahoma 5
01964-04-03April 3, 1964 Wichita Falls, Texas 7
01964-05-05May 5, 1964 Bradshaw, Nebraska 2
01965-05-08May 8, 1965 Gregory, South Dakota 0
01966-03-03March 3, 1966 Jackson, Mississippi 57 Candlestick Park tornado
01966-06-08June 8, 1966 Topeka, Kansas 16 1966 Topeka tornado
01966-10-14October 14, 1966 Belmond, Iowa 16 Yes[5]
01968-04-23April 23, 1968 Gallipolis, Ohio 7 Wheelersburg, Ohio tornado outbreak‎ Yes, destroyed structures were not swept away[5]
01968-05-15May 15, 1968 Charles City, Iowa 13 May 1968 tornado outbreak
01968-05-15May 15, 1968 Oelwein, Iowa 1 May 1968 tornado outbreak
01968-06-13June 13, 1968 Tracy, Minnesota 9 1968 Tracy tornado
01970-05-11May 11, 1970 Lubbock, Texas 28 Lubbock tornado
01971-02-21February 21, 1971 Delhi, Louisiana 46 February 1971 Mississippi Valley tornado outbreak
01973-05-06May 6, 1973 Valley Mills, Texas 0
01974-04-03April 3, 1974 Hanover - Depauw, Indiana 6 Super Outbreak
01974-04-03April 3, 1974 Brandenburg, Kentucky 31 Super Outbreak
01974-04-03April 3, 1974 Xenia, Ohio 32 Super Outbreak
01974-04-03April 3, 1974 Sayler Park (Cincinnati, Ohio) 3 Super Outbreak
01974-04-03April 3, 1974 Tanner, Alabama 28 Super Outbreak
01974-04-03April 3, 1974 Guin, Alabama 30 Super Outbreak
01976-03-26March 26, 1976 Spiro, Oklahoma 2
01976-04-19April 19, 1976 Brownwood, Texas 0
01976-06-13June 13, 1976 Jordan, Iowa 0
01977-04-04April 4, 1977 Birmingham, Alabama 22 April 1977 Birmingham tornado
01982-04-02April 2, 1982 Broken Bow, Oklahoma 0
01984-06-07June 7, 1984 Barneveld, Wisconsin 9 Barneveld, Wisconsin tornado outbreak
01985-05-31May 31, 1985 Niles, Ohio - Wheatland, Pennsylvania 18 1985 United States-Canadian tornado outbreak
01990-03-13March 13, 1990 Hesston, Kansas 1 March 1990 Central US tornado outbreak
01990-03-13March 13, 1990 Goessel, Kansas 1 March 1990 Central US tornado outbreak
01990-08-28August 28, 1990 Plainfield, Illinois 29 1990 Plainfield tornado
01991-04-26April 26, 1991 Andover, Kansas 17 Andover, Kansas tornado outbreak
01992-06-16June 16, 1992 Chandler, Minnesota 1 Mid-June 1992 tornado outbreak
01996-07-18July 18, 1996 Oakfield, Wisconsin 0 Oakfield tornado
01997-05-27May 27, 1997 Jarrell, Texas 27 Central Texas tornado outbreak
01998-04-08April 8, 1998 Jefferson County, Alabama 32 April 1998 Birmingham tornado
01998-04-16April 16, 1998 Lawrence County, Tennessee 3 1998 Nashville tornado outbreak
01999-05-03May 3, 1999 Bridge Creek - Moore, Oklahoma 36 1999 Oklahoma tornado outbreak
02007-06-22June 22, 2007 Elie, Manitoba[6] (assessed by Environment Canada) 0 Elie, Manitoba tornado


[edit] Official EF5 tornadoes

A map detailing all of the F5 and EF5 tornadoes in the United States since 1950.

As of February 1, 2007, all tornadoes within the United States are rated with the Enhanced Fujita Scale which replaced the Fujita Scale. The following List of EF5 tornadoes has all tornadoes classified as EF5, the strongest category, since February 1, 2007.

Total 2.

Date Location Death Toll Wikipedia article
02007-05-04May 4, 2007 Greensburg, Kansas [7] 11 May 2007 tornado outbreak
02008-05-25May 25, 2008 Parkersburg - New Hartford, Iowa [8] 8 Late-May 2008 tornado outbreak sequence


[edit] Possible F5 tornadoes

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These are tornadoes that were analyzed to be F5 or possibly F5 by an authoritative source.

Date Location Death Toll Wikipedia article F5 reasoning
01764-06-29June 29, 1764 Woldegk, Germany 1 Based on newspaper report[9][10]
01800-04-23April 23, 1800 Hainichen, Germany 0 Based on newspaper report[9]
01845-08-19August 19, 1845 Monville, France 70 Unverified classification of F5 by "tornado expert"[9]
01880-04-24April 24, 1880 Christian County, Illinois 6-11 Homes were leveled, farms vanished[5]
01881-06-12June 12, 1881 Nodaway County, Missouri 2 1881 Hopkins tornado Two farms completely swept away[5]
01882-06-17June 17, 1882 Boone - Story - Marshall - Jasper - Poweshiek County, Iowa 68 Several farms leveled, town of Grinnell devastated[5]
01883-08-21August 21, 1883 Rochester, Dodge County, Minnesota 37 1883 Rochester tornado Ten farms outside the town leveled[5]
01884-04-01April 1, 1884 Oakville, Indiana 8 Parts of the town "vanished"[5]
01884-08-28August 28, 1884 Howard, South Dakota  ? [citation needed]
01890-08-19August 19, 1890 Vallée de Joux, France/Switzerland 5 [2]
01892-06-15June 15, 1892 Faribault - Freeborn - Steele County, Minnesota 12 1892 Southern Minnesota tornado Several farms destroyed[5]
01893-05-22May 22, 1893 Darlington, Wisconsin 3 Two farm complexes swept away[5]
01893-07-06July 6, 1893 Cherokee - Buena Vista - Pocahontas - Calhoun County, Iowa 71 Homes swept away in all four counties[5]
01894-09-21September 21, 1894 Iowa - Minnesota 14 Five farms and a home were swept away leaving little trace[5]
01895-05-01May 1, 1895 Sedgwick County, Kansas 8-11 Farms "entirely vanished"[5]
01895-05-03May 3, 1895 Sioux County, Iowa 9-15 Farms swept away[5]
02009-04-25April 25 [[1896}} Cloud County - Clay County - Washington County, Kansas 9-11 [citation needed]
01896-05-15May 15, 1896 Sherman, Grayson County, Texas 73 May 1896 tornado outbreak sequence Farms, 20 homes leveled[5]
01896-05-17May 17, 1896 Nemaha - Brown County, Kansas - Nebraska 25 May 1896 tornado outbreak sequence Opera house in Seneca swept away, along with some farms[5]
01896-05-25May 25, 1896 Oakland County, Michigan 47 May 1896 tornado outbreak sequence Houses and farms leveled.[5]
01896-11-25November 25, 1896 Mart, Texas 1 [citation needed]
01898-05-18May 18, 1898 Marathon County, Wisconsin 12 Twelve farms destroyed[5]
01899-06-12June 12, 1899 St. Croix County - New Richmond, Wisconsin 117 New Richmond tornado Leveled several buildings, destroyed the town[5]
01900-11-20November 20, 1900 Moon Lake, Mississippi - Lagrange, Tennessee 30 [citation needed]
01905-05-08May 8, 1905 Marquette, Kansas 34 [citation needed]
01905-05-10May 10, 1905 Snyder, Oklahoma 97 Snyder, Oklahoma tornado Many structures swept away[5]
01905-06-05June 5, 1905 Colling, Michigan 5 Three farms "wiped out of existence"[5]
01908-04-23April 23, 1908 Pender, Nebraska 3 Well-built home swept away[5]
01908-06-05June 5, 1908 Carleton, Nebraska 11 Farms vanished[5]
02009-08-20August 20 [[1911}} Antler, North Dakota 7 [citation needed]
01912-06-15June 15, 1912 Creighton, Missouri 5 Two large homes swept away[5]
01915-06-11June 11, 1915 Mullinville, Kansas 0 One farm blown away[5]
01917-05-25May 25, 1917 Sedgwick, Kansas 23 Many structures swept away[5]
01917-05-26May 26, 1917 Monroe County, Indiana 0 Three farms leveled[5]
01918-05-21May 21, 1918 Boone County, Iowa 9 At least two farms swept away[5]
01918-05-21May 21, 1918 Denison, Iowa 4 Homes swept bare to the foundations[5]
01919-06-22June 22, 1919 Fergus Falls, Minnesota 57 1919 Fergus Falls tornado Three block-wide swath swept away, house thrown into a lake[5]
01920-04-20April 20, 1920 Winston County, Alabama 20 Many homes swept away[5]
01920-07-22July 22, 1920 Frobisher - Alameda, Saskatchewan 4 "Splendid homes" swept away[5][11]
01923-03-11March 11, 1923 Pinson, Tennessee 20 An entire section of the town swept away[5]
01923-05-14May 14, 1923 Big Spring, Texas 23 A large home and farms were swept away[5]
01924-09-21September 21, 1924 Clark County - Taylor County, Wisconsin 18 Twenty farms destroyed, some flattened[5]
01925-03-18March 18, 1925 Missouri - Illinois - Indiana 695 Tri-State Tornado Thousand of destroyed structures (rating is widely accepted) [5]
01925-06-03June 3, 1925 Pottawattamie - Harrison County, Iowa 0 Nearly the same path as the next tornado, see below
01925-06-03June 3, 1925 Pottawattamie - Harrison County, Iowa 0 Parts of two farms and some homes swept away, but they may have been hit by both tornadoes[5]
01927-04-12April 12, 1927 Rock Springs, Texas 74 Swept away more than 90% of the town[5]
01927-05-07May 7, 1927 McPherson, Kansas 10 Some farms swept away[5]
01927-06-01June 1, 1927 Neede, Netherlands[9][12]  ? Some photographs indicate F5 damage[citation needed]
01929-04-10April 10, 1929 Sneed, Arkansas 23 Destroyed the community[5]
01931-07-20July 20, 1931 Lublin, Poland  ? Unverified F5 rating by severe weather expert[9]
01933-05-22May 22, 1933 Tryon, Nebraska 8 Two farms swept away[5]
01935-07-01July 1, 1935 Benson, Saskatchewan 1 Several structures leveled[5][11]
01936-04-05April 5, 1936 Tupelo, Mississippi 216 Tupelo-Gainesville tornado outbreak Leveled many well-constructed houses[5]
01938-04-26April 26, 1938 Oshkosh, Nebraska 3 School disintigrated, two farms swept away[5]
01938-06-10June 10, 1938 Clyde, Texas 14 Nine homes swept away[5]
01939-04-14April 14, 1939 Vici, Oklahoma - Kiowa, Kansas 7 Homes swept away[5]
01939-06-18June 18, 1939 Anoka, Minnesota - Champlin, Minnesota 9 Mississippi River temporarily sucked dry[13][14]
01940-07-15July 15, 1940 Borzymmen (Borzymy), Mazury, Poland 1 Rated as F4, unverified report cited damage as F4-F5[9]
01942-03-16March 16, 1942 Lacon, Illinois 7 March 1942 tornado outbreak Many homes swept away[5]
01942-04-28April 28, 1942 Crowell, Texas 11 Many homes "vanished"[5]
01942-04-29April 29, 1942 Oberlin, Kansas 15 Three farms scoured from the earth[5]
01944-06-17June 17, 1944 Summit, South Dakota 8 Farms swept away with no visible debris[5]
01945-04-12April 12, 1945 Antlers, Oklahoma 69 Six hundred buildings destroyed[5]
01946-06-17June 17, 1946 Windsor, Ontario 17 1946 Windsor-Tecumseh, Ontario tornado hundreds of houses destroyed, some with their foundations removed. Officially an F4, but some speculated F5 damage was caused. [15]
01946-08-20August 20, 1946 Klodzko Slaskie, Poland  ? Unverified damage report cited "F4-F5" damage[9]
01947-04-09April 9, 1947 Woodward, Oklahoma 181 Glazier-Higgins-Woodward tornadoes Several towns partially or totally destroyed[5]
01947-05-31May 31, 1947 Leedey, Oklahoma 6 Many structures swept away leaving no debris[5]
01951-09-26September 26, 1951 Waupaca, Wisconsin 6 Three farms swept away[5]
01953-06-09June 9, 1953 Worcester, Massachusetts 94 Flint-Worcester tornado outbreak sequence Many strong multi-level structures levelled, some houses swept away[5]
01954-05-01May 1, 1954 Crowell - Vernon, Texas - Snyder, Oklahoma 0 Vehicles thrown more than 100 yards[5]
01957-06-16June 16, 1957 Robecco Pavese, Valle Scuropasso, Italy  ? According to report, it was not clear if damage was F4 or F5[9]
01958-06-10June 10, 1958 El Dorado, Kansas 15 Car was thrown 100 yards, damage photographs inconclusive[5]
01960-05-19May 19, 1960 Wamego, Kansas 0 Two farms swept away[5]
01960-05-20May 20, 1960 Nechobrz, Poland  ? Unverified report of "F4-F5" damage[9]
01961-05-30May 30, 1961 Anselmo, Nebraska 0 All buildings and machinery swept away from farm[5]
01965-04-11April 11, 1965 Dunlap, Indiana 36 1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak Truck stop and house leveled[5]
01965-04-11April 11, 1965 Strongsville, Ohio 18 1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak Homes swept away[5]
01965-05-08May 8, 1965 Primrose, Nebraska 4 90% of the town demolished[5]
01967-06-24June 24, 1967 Palluel, France 6 Unverified F5 intensity rating[9]
01970-01-01January 1, 1970 Bulahdelah, New South Wales, Australia 0 Bulahdelah tornado left a damage path 21 kilometres (13 mi) long and 1–1.6 km (0.6–1 mi) wide through the Bulahdelah State Forest. According to reports, it threw a two ton tractor 100 m (328 ft) through the air, depositing it upside down. It is estimated that the tornado destroyed over one million trees.[16]
01979-08-07August 7, 1979 Woodstock, Ontario / Burgessville, Ontario 2 1979 Woodstock, Ontario tornado Some speculated F5 damage. Officially two "Twin F4" tornadoes[citation needed]
01987-07-31July 31, 1987 Edmonton, Alberta 27 Edmonton Tornado Officially a "Strong F4", probably an F5. Canada's second deadliest tornado to date.[17]
01991-04-26April 26, 1991 Red Rock, Oklahoma 0 Andover, Kansas tornado outbreak Doppler radar used by storm chasers indicated a wind speed in the F5 range[5]
01995-06-08June 8, 1995 Kellerville, Texas 0 VORTEX surveyed to be F5, one home was so obliterated that NWS survey likely missed it[5]
02003-05-04May 4, 2003 Girard, Kansas - Franklin, Kansas 0 May 2003 tornado outbreak sequence [citation needed]


[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ Grazulis, Thomas P. (July 1993). Significant Tornadoes 1680-1991. A Chronology and Analysis of Events. St. Johnsbury, VT: The Tornado Project of Environmental Films. ISBN 1879362031. 
  2. ^ http://www.spc.noaa.gov/faq/tornado/f5torns.html F5 and EF5 Tornadoes of the United States - 1950-present (SPC)
  3. ^ McDonald, James R. (January 2001). "T. Theodore Fujita: His Contribution to Tornado Knowledge through Damage Documentation and the Fujita Scale". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (American Meteorological Society) 82 (1): 63–72. doi:10.1175/1520-0477(2001)000<0063:TTFHCT>2.3.CO;2. http://ams.allenpress.com/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1175%2F1520-0477(2001)000%3C0063%3ATTFHCT%3E2.3.CO%3B2. 
  4. ^ "1953 Beecher Tornado". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. http://www.crh.noaa.gov/dtx/1953beecher/. Retrieved 2007-01-03. 
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl Grazulis, Thomas P. (2001). F5-F6 Tornadoes. St. Johnsbury, VT: The Tornado Project. 
  6. ^ Elie Tornado Upgraded to Highest Level on Damage Scale: Canada's First Official F5 Tornado Environment Canada Accessed May 27, 2008.
  7. ^ ** Greensburg Tornado Rated EF-5 (updated May 22)
  8. ^ Parkersburg Tornado Rated EF5 (updated map Wed. afternoon)
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "European Severe Weather Database". http://essl.org/ESWD/. 
  10. ^ Gottlob Burchard Genzmer (1765). "Beschreibung des Orcans, welcher den 29. Jun. 1764 einen Strich von etlichen Meilen im Stargardischen Kreise des Herzogthums Mecklenburg gewaltig verwüstet hat. (in German)" (PDF). http://www.tordach.org/pdf/Genzmer1765.pdf. 
  11. ^ a b Meteorological Service of Canada
  12. ^ "De cycloon van Neede (in Dutch)". http://home.hccnet.nl/hj.dute/cycloon-neede.htm. 
  13. ^ "1998-1999 Tornadoes and a Long-Term U.S. Tornado Climatology" (PDF). National Climatic Data Center. August 2000. http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/techrpts/tr9902/tr9902.pdf. Retrieved 2008-04-14. 
  14. ^ Seeley, Mark (2006). Minnesota Weather Almanac. Minnesota Historical Society press. ISBN 0-87351-554-4. 
  15. ^ Environment Canada account of the tornado with additional clips from The Windsor Star
  16. ^ Observing tornadoes, dust devils, whirl winds, water spouts and land spouts
  17. ^ http://www.eps.mcgill.ca/~courses/c186-250/Lectures/tornadoes.ppt

[edit] External links

[edit] Canadian sources

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