November 9

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Template:Linked-title is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 52 days remaining.

Events

• 694 - Hispano-Visigothic king Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims, sentencing all Jews to slavery.
• 1282 - Pope Martin IV excommunicates King Peter III of Aragon.
• 1492 - Peace of Etaples between Henry VII & Charles VIII.
• 1494 - Family de' Medici become rulers of Florence.
• 1520 - Danish King Christian II executes 82 in the Stockholm Bloodbath.
• 1729 - Spain, France & England sign the Treaty of Seville.
• 1764 - Mary Campbell, a captive of the Lenape during the French and Indian War, is turned over to forces commanded by Colonel Henry Bouquet.
• 1799 - Napoleon Bonaparte leads the Coup d'état of 18 Brumaire ending the Directory government, and becoming one of its three Consuls (Consulate Government).
• 1848 - Robert Blum, German revolutionary, executed in Vienna
• 1851 - Kentucky marshals abduct abolitionist minister Calvin Fairbank from Jeffersonville, Indiana, and take him to Kentucky to stand trial for helping a slave escape.
• 1862 - American Civil War: Union General Ambrose Burnside assumes command of the Army of the Potomac, after George McClellan was removed.
• 1872 - The Great Boston Fire of 1872.
• 1877 - The National poet of Pakistan, Allama Muhammad Iqbal is born in Sialkot, present-day Pakistan.
• 1887 - The United States receives rights to Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.
• 1888 - Jack the Ripper kills Mary Jane Kelly, his last known victim.
• 1906 - Theodore Roosevelt is the first sitting President of the United States to make an official trip outside the country (to inspect progress on the Panama Canal).
• 1907 - The Cullinan Diamond is presented to King Edward VII on his birthday.
• 1918 - Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany abdicates after the German Revolution, and Germany is proclaimed a Republic.
• 1918 - Kurt Eisner, Provisional National Council Minister-President, declares Bavaria to be a republic.
• 1921 - Albert Einstein awarded Nobel Prize in Physics for his work with the photoelectric effect.
• 1923 - In Munich, Germany, police and government troops crush the Beer Hall Putsch in Bavaria. The failed coup is the work of the Nazis.
• 1932 - Riots between conservative and socialist supporters in Switzerland kill 12 and injure 60.
• 1937 - Japanese troops take control of Shanghai, China.
• 1938 - Kristallnacht, Nazi Germany's first large-scale act of physical anti-Jewish violence, begins.
• 1940 - Premiere of Joaquin Rodrigo's Concierto de Aranjuez in Barcelona, Spain.
• 1953 - Cambodia becomes independent from France.
• 1960 - Robert McNamara is named president of Ford Motor Co., the first non-Ford to serve in that post — quitting a month later to join the newly-elected John F. Kennedy administration.
• 1961 - Neil Armstrong records a world record speed in a rocket plane, flying 6,587km/h in an X-15.
• 1963 - At Miike in Japan, a coal mine explosion kills 458, and hospitalises 839 with carbon monoxide poisoning. On the same day, a three-train disaster in Yokohama, also in Japan, kills more than 160 people.
• 1965 - Several U.S. states and parts of Canada are hit by a series of blackouts lasting up to 13 hours in the Northeast Blackout of 1965.
• 1965 - Catholic Worker member Roger Allen LaPorte, protesting against the Vietnam War, sets himself on fire in front of the United Nations building.
• 1967 - Apollo program: NASA launches the unmanned Apollo 4 test spacecraft from Cape Kennedy.
• 1970 - Vietnam War: The Supreme Court of the United States votes 6 to 3 against hearing a case to allow Massachusetts to enforce its law granting residents the right to refuse military service in an undeclared war.
• 1971 - John List, an accountant from Westfield, New Jersey murders his mother, wife and three children. He then hides under a new identity for 18 years.
• 1986 - Romania: Election of Patriarch Teoctist Arăpaşu
• 1989 - Cold War: Communist-controlled East Germany opens checkpoints in the Berlin Wall allowing its citizens to freely travel to West Germany.
• 1993 - Stari most, the "old bridge" in Bosnian Mostar built in 1566, collapses after several days of bombing.
• 1994 - Discovery of the chemical element Darmstadtium.
• 1995 - Bill Watterson announces his retirement in a brief letter to newspaper editors.
• 1998 - Brokerage houses are ordered to pay US$1.03 billion to cheated NASDAQ investors to compensate for their price-fixing. This is the largest civil settlement in United States history.
• 1999 - TAESA Flight 725, went down a few minutes after leaving the Uruapan airport en-route to Mexico City. 18 people were killed in the accident
• 2003 - During the holy month of Ramadan, a suicide-terrorist attack in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, kills 17 people.
• 2004 - Mozilla Firefox 1.0 released. This has become one of Microsoft Internet Explorer's biggest competitors.
• 2004 - John Ashcroft and Don Evans resign their posts as U.S. Attorney General and U.S. Secretary of Commerce respectively.
• 2004 - Halo 2 is released by the Microsoft Corporation. The sci-fi action shooter smashes entertainment records, grossing $125 Million on its opening day.
• 2005 - The Venus Express mission of the European Space Agency is launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.
• 2005 - Suicide bombers attacked three hotels in Amman, Jordan, killing at least 56 people.
• 2005 - Muriel Degauque becomes the first Belgian female suicide bomber, wounding one in Iraq.

Births

• 1414 - Albert III, Margrave of Brandenburg (d. 1486)
• 1522 - Martin Chemnitz, German theologian (d. 1586)
• 1664 - Henry Wharton, English writer (d. 1695)
• 1717 - Johann Joachim Winckelmann, German archaeologist (d. 1768)
• 1721 - Mark Akenside, English poet and physician (d. 1770)
• 1731 - Benjamin Banneker, American scientist (d. 1806)
• 1802 - Elijah P. Lovejoy, American abolitionist (d. 1837)
• 1810 - Bernhard von Langenbeck, German surgeon (d. 1887)
• 1818 (N.S.) - Ivan Turgenev, Russian writer (d. 1883)
• 1825 - A.P. Hill, American Confederate general (d. 1865)
• 1841 - King Edward VII of the United Kingdom (d. 1910)
• 1853 - Stanford White, American architect (d. 1906)
• 1869 - Marie Dressler, Canadian actress (d. 1934)
• 1873 - Otfrid Foerster, German neurologist (d. 1941)
• 1877 - Enrico De Nicola, Italian politician (d. 1959)
• 1877 - Allama Iqbal, Indian National poet of Pakistan (d. 1938)
• 1879 - Milan Šufflay, Croatian politician (d. 1931)
• 1880 - Sir Giles Gilbert Scott, English architect (d. 1960)
• 1883 - Edna May Oliver, American actress (d. 1942)
• 1885 (N.S.) - Velimir Khlebnikov, Russian writer (d. 1922)
• 1885 - Hermann Weyl, German mathematician (d. 1955)
• 1886 - Ed Wynn, American actor (d. 1966)
• 1889 - Jean Monnet, French internationalist (d. 1979)
• 1892 - Mabel Normand, American actress (d. 1930)
• 1895 - Mae Marsh, American actress (d. 1968)
• 1897 - Ronald George Wreyford Norrish, British chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1978)
• 1902 - Anthony Asquith, British film director (d. 1968)
• 1905 - Erika Mann, German writer (d. 1969)
• 1913 - Hedy Lamarr, Austrian actress (d. 2000)
• 1915 - André François, French cartoonist (d. 2005)
• 1915 - Sargent Shriver, American politician
• 1918 - Spiro Agnew, Vice President of the United States (d. 1996)
• 1921 - Viktor Chukarin, Soviet gymnast (d. 1984)
• 1922 - Raymond Devos, French humorist (d. 2006)
• 1922 - Imre Lakatos, Hungarian philosopher (d. 1974)
• 1923 - Alice Coachman, American athlete
• 1923 - Dorothy Dandridge, American actress (d. 1965)
• 1928 - Anne Sexton, American poet (d. 1974)
• 1929 - Imre Kertész, Hungarian writer, Nobel laureate
• 1934 - Ingvar Carlsson, Swedish politician
• 1934 - Carl Sagan, American astronomer and writer (d. 1996)
• 1935 - Bob Gibson, Anerican baseball player
• 1936 - Daniel Robert Graham, American politician
• 1936 - Mikhail Tal, Latvian chess player (d. 1992)
• 1937 - Roger McGough, English poet
• 1941 - Tom Fogerty, American musician (Creedence Clearwater Revival) (d. 1990)
• 1942 - Tom Weiskopf, American golfer
• 1951 - Lou Ferrigno, American bodybuilder
• 1959 - Thomas Quasthoff, German singer
• 1959 - Tony Slattery, British actor
• 1959 - Nick Hamilton, American wrestling referee
• 1961 - Jill Dando, British television presenter (d. 1999)
• 1964 - Robert Duncan McNeill, American actor
• 1965 - Bryn Terfel, Welsh baritone
• 1965 - Teryl Rothery, Canadian actress
• 1968 - Nazzareno Carusi, Italian pianist
• 1969 - Allison Wolfe, American musician (Bratmobile, Cold Cold Hearts, Partyline)
• 1970 - Chris Jericho, American wrestler
• 1970 - Susan Tedeschi, American musician
• 1970 - Scarface, American rapper
• 1972 - Corin Tucker, American musician (Sleater-Kinney)
• 1972 - Doug Russell, American radio personality
• 1973 - Nick Lachey, American pop singer

• 1974 - Alessandro Del Piero, Italian footballer
• 1976 - Lúcia Moniz, Portuguese singer
• 1978 - Sisqó, American singer (Dru Hill)
• 1979 - Adam Dunn, American baseball player
• 1979 - Martin Taylor, English footballer
• 1981 - Luke Covell, Australian/New Zealand rugby player
• 1984 - Delta Goodrem, Australian singer
• 1984 - SE7EN, South Korean singer

Deaths

• 959 - Constantine VII, Byzantine Emperor (b. 905)
• 1187 - Emperor Gaozong of China (b. 1107)
• 1208 - Sancha of Castile, wife of Alfonso II of Aragon (b. 1155)
• 1504 - King Ferdinand II of Aragon (b. 1452)
• 1623 - William Camden, English historian (b. 1551)
• 1641 - Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand, Governor of the Netherlands and Bishop of Toledo
• 1766 - Unico Wilhelm van Wassenaer, Dutch composer (b. 1692)
• 1770 - John Campbell, 4th Duke of Argyll, Scottish politician
• 1778 - Giovanni Battista Piranesi, Italian artist (b. 1720)
• 1809 - Paul Sandby, English cartographer (b. 1725)
• 1848 - Robert Blum, German politician (b. 1810)
• 1888 - Mary Jane Kelly, Irish murder victim (b. 1863)
• 1911 - Howard Pyle, American author (b. 1853)
• 1918 - Guillaume Apollinaire, French poet (b. 1880)
• 1919 - Eduard Müller, member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. 1848)
• 1937 - Ramsay MacDonald, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1866)
• 1938 - Vasily Blyukher, Soviet military commander (b.1889)
• 1940 - Stephen Peter Alencastre, Portuguese Catholic prelate (b. 1876)
• 1940 - Neville Chamberlain, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1869)
• 1942 - Edna May Oliver, American actress (b. 1883)
• 1944 - Frank Marshall, American chess player (b. 1877)
• 1951 - Sigmund Romberg, Hungarian-born composer (b. 1887)
• 1952 - Chaim Weizmann, 1st President of Israel (b. 1874)
• 1953 - Dylan Thomas, Welsh poet and author (b. 1914)
• 1957 - Peter O'Connor, Irish athlete (b. 1872)
• 1970 - Charles de Gaulle, President of France (b. 1890)
• 1971 - Maude Fealy, American actor (b. 1881)
• 1977 - Fred Haney, American baseball player (b. 1898)
• 1988 - John N. Mitchell, United States Attorney General (b. 1913)
• 1991 - Yves Montand, French actor (b. 1921)
• 1997 - Helenio Herrera, French football player
• 1998 - Ursula Reit, German actress (b. 1914)
• 2000 - Hugh Paddick, British actor (b. 1915)
• 2002 - William Schutz, American psychologist
• 2003 - Art Carney, American actor (b. 1918)
• 2003 - Gordon Onslow Ford, English painter (b. 1912)
• 2004 - Iris Chang, American author (b. 1968
• 2005 - K. R. Narayanan, President of India (b. 1921)

Holidays and observances

• Roman Catholicism - Dedication of the Basilica di San Giovanni in Laterano, Cathedral of the Pope (memorial feast day)
• Also see November 9 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Cambodia - Independence Day (1953)
• Pakistan - Allama Iqbal Day (1877)
• Germany - November 9th is often called Germany's Schicksalstag (day of fate) due to the events of 1848, 1918, 1923, 1938, and 1989.
• Europe - Inventor's Day - in honor of Hedy Lamarr's birthday
• United States - World Freedom Day, to commemorate the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989

External links

• BBC: On This Day

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