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St Marks College,
St Marks College,
Rani Lakshmi Bai Public School,
Rani Lakshmi Bai Public School,
GIC(Govt Inter College),
GIC (Govt Inter College),
SPI (Saraswati Pathshala Industrial Inter college),
SPI (Saraswati Pathshala Industrial Inter college),
Modern Public School,
Modern Public School,

Revision as of 14:13, 4 October 2012

This article is about the municipality in Uttar Pradesh, India. For its namesake district, see Jhansi district.
Jhansi
city
Jhansi-View from Fort
Jhansi-View from Fort
CountryIndia
StateUttar Pradesh
RegionBundelkhand
DistrictJhansi
Government
 • MayorMrs. Kiran Verma
 • Deputy MayorMrs. Sushila Dubey
Elevation
285 m (935 ft)
 • Density3,094/km2 (8,010/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialHindi
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
284 00x
Telephone code91-510
Vehicle registrationUP-93
Websitejhansi.nic.in

Jhansi pronunciationⓘ is a historical city of India lying on the banks of Pahuj river, in the Northern state of Uttar Pradesh. Jhansi is the administrative headquarters of Jhansi District and Jhansi Division. The original walled city grew up around its stone fort, which crowns a neighboring rock. This district is on the bank of river Betwa.

Jhansi city is situated between the rivers Pahunj and Betwa between North longitudes 24°11´ and 25°57´and East latitudes 78°10´and 79°25´.It has an average elevation of 284 metres (935 feet).The city has an irregular boundary, northern being contiguous with that of district of Jalaun. In addition, the city is well connected to all other major towns in Uttar Pradesh by road and railway networks. It is about 415 km from New Delhi and 292 km from Lucknow, and is called gateway to Bundelkhand .

The National Highway Development Project has sparked Jhansi's development. The North-South Corridor connecting Kashmir to Kanyakumari passes through Jhansi. The East-West corridor also goes through this city, so there has been a sudden rush to infrastructure and real estate development in the city. A greenfield airport is also on the Anvil.[1] Jhansi was also the home to the hockey legend Dhyan Chand.

Etymology

According to a legend, Raja of Orchha was sitting on the roof of his palace with his friend, the Raja of Jaitpur asked the latter whether he could discern this new fort that he built on Bangara hill, he replied that he could see it 'Jhainsi' (meaning rather indistinct). This 'Jhainsi' in course of time became corrupted to Jhansi. It was one of the most strategically situated forts of central India being built on an elevated rock rising out of the plain and commanding the city and the surrounding country.

History

Shree Ganesh Mandir , jhansi
Jhansi Fort, c. 1857
A drawing of the necropolis of the Maharajahs of Jhansi, 1872

The Muslim governors of the Mughal empire were constantly making incursions into the Bundela country. In 1732 Chhatrasal, the Bundela king, called in the aid of the Hindu Marathas. They came to his assistance, and were rewarded by the bequest of one-third of the Maharaja's dominions upon his death two years later. The Maratha general developed the city of Jhansi, and peopled it with inhabitants from Orchha state. In 1806 British protection was promised to the Maratha chief. In 1817, however, the Peshwa in Pune ceded all his rights over Bundelkhand to the British East India Company. In 1853 the Raja of Jhansi died childless, and his territory was annexed by the Governor-General of India. The Jhansi state and the Jalaun and Chanderi districts were then formed into a superintendency. Rani Lakshmibai, widow of the Raja, protested the annexation because she was not allowed to adopt an heir (as was customary), and because the slaughter of cattle was permitted in the Jhansi territory.

The Indian Rebellion of 1857 accordingly found Jhansi ripe for rebellion. In June a few men of the 12th Native Infantry seized the fort containing the treasure and magazine, and massacred the European officers of the garrison along with their wives and children. Rani Lakshmi Bai put herself at the head of the rebels and died in battle in Gwalior. It was not until November, 1858 that Jhansi was brought under British control. It had been given to the Maharaja of Gwalior, but came under British rule in 1886 as the result of a territorial swap.

Jhansi was added to the United Provinces, which became the state of Uttar Pradesh after India's independence in 1947.

The fort standing in the hilly area shows that how the North Indian style of fort construction differentiated from that of the South. In South majority of the forts were built on the sea beds like Bekal Fort in Kerala.

Current status

Though Jhansi has an airport from the British times it is not operational commercially. It is used by the army and political visitors. There had been a demand to make it operational for commercial purposes in the 1990s and again in 2000s. The government of BSP announced the construction of a full fledged new airport in April 2011 but still there is no surity of its commencement.

Demographics

According to the 2011 census, Jhansi has a population of 507,293.
74.82% of the population are Hindu, 14.5% are Muslims, 2.0% are Christians and the rest 1.5% are Sikhs, Jains and Buddhists.
Jhansi city has 85th rank among the most populated cities of India, according to 2011 Census.
Literacy rate of Jhansi is 83.81% much above the national average.

Jhansi Railway Station
  • 2011 Census Total: 507,293
    • Nagar Nigam Total: 470,212
    • Male: 249,592
    • Female: 222,620
    • Cantonment Board Total: 18,582
    • Male: 10,239
    • Female: 8,343
    • Jhansi Railway Settlement Total: 15,499
    • Male: 8,395
    • Female: 7,104
See also: List of cities in Uttar Pradesh

Earlier Jhansi was bigger than Dehradun,Udaipur and many other cities but due to slow rate of growth the city is now far behind these cities in growth as well as development.

Geography and climate

Jhansi (a view from hill)
Main article: Climate of Uttar Pradesh

Jhansi is located at 25.4333 N 78.5833 E. It has an average elevation of 284 metres (935 feet).[2] Jhansi is located in the plateau of central India,an area dominated by rocky reliefs and minerals underneath the soil. The city has a natural slope in the north as it lies on the south western border of the vast Tarai plains of Uttar Pradesh. The elevation rises on the south. The land is suitable for citrus species fruits. Crops include wheat, pulses, peas, oilseeds. The region relies heavily on Monsoon rains for irrigation purposes. Under an ambitious canal project (Rajghat canal), the government is constructing a network of canals for irrigation in Jhansi and Lalitpur and some area of Madhya Pradesh.

Being on a rocky plateau, Jhansi experiences extreme temperatures. Winter begins in October with the retreat of the Southwest Monsoon (Jhansi does not experience any rainfall from the Northeast Monsoon) and peaks in mid-December. The mercury generally reads about 4 degrees minimum and 21 degrees maximum. Spring arrives by the end of February and is a short-lived phase of transition. Summer begins by April and summer temperatures can peak at 47 degrees in May. The rainy season starts by the third week of June (although this is variable year to year). Monsoon rains gradually weaken in September and the season ends by the last week of September. In the rainy season, average daily high temperature hovers around 36 degrees Celsius with high humidity. The average rainfall for this city is about 900 mm per year, observed almost entirely within the three-and-a-half months of the Southwest Monsoon.

Climate data for Jhansi
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 23
(73) 		27
(81) 		33
(91) 		39
(102) 		42
(108) 		40
(104) 		35
(95) 		33
(91) 		34
(93) 		34
(93) 		30
(86) 		25
(77) 		33
(91)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 7
(45) 		11
(52) 		16
(61) 		21
(70) 		27
(81) 		29
(84) 		27
(81) 		26
(79) 		25
(77) 		19
(66) 		13
(55) 		8
(46) 		19
(66)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 22
(0.9) 		23
(0.9) 		16
(0.6) 		5
(0.2) 		13
(0.5) 		87
(3.4) 		184
(7.2) 		225
(8.9) 		145
(5.7) 		29
(1.1) 		19
(0.7) 		12
(0.5) 		780
(30.6)
Source: Jhansi Weather

In summeres Jhansi experiences temperatures as high as 45-47C and in winter the temperstures fall to as low as 0-1C ( recorded in 2011 winters)

Education

Schools

Shemford Futuristic School, Christ The King College (Boys), Saint Francis Convent Inter College (Girls), St Marks College, Rani Lakshmi Bai Public School, GIC (Govt Inter College), SPI (Saraswati Pathshala Industrial Inter college), Modern Public School, Jai Academy, Blue Bells Public School, Army School, Mahatma Hansraj Modern School, Kendriya Vidyalaya, Sun International School, RNS World School, Cathedral College, Sheerwood College,

Transport

The city is well connected by rail & road transport services.

Railways

Jhansi Junction has its own Division of the North Central Railways. It is well connected by train services to all parts of the country, including 4 metros. There are direct trains to Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata (Howrah), Chennai, Bangalore (Bengaluru), Trivandrum, Indore, Ahmedabad, Udaipur, Pune, Jammu, Jaipur, Lucknow, Bhopal, Mahoba, Khajuraho, Gaya, Jalgaon, Bhusaval, Jabalpur, Kanpur and other major towns.
List of all trains passing through Jhansi Junction can be found at http://indiarailinfo.com/departures/477.
In the near future, Jhansi is going to be one of the major stations in India. It is known for its excellent connectivity and forteous railway station.
Jhansi is well known for its railway locomotive works. BHEL (Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited) is located In the historic city of Jhansi. Jhansi contains many new railway workshops. It has now become an important railway hub.

Road transport

The proposed North-south & East-west Corridors of the Golden-Quadrilateral Highway project pass and cross each other in Jhansi only and it is also well connected to Kanpur, Lucknow and Madhya Pradesh by road.The four lane national highway is at the last stage of its completion, giving a boom in infrastructure and other sectors in Jhansi and nearby areas. Moreover, the greenery near the broad and swift highway is very eye catching.

Jhansi is located at the junction of many National Highways. List of National Highways passing through Jhansi :

  • NH-12A
  • NH-25
  • NH-26
  • NH-75
  • NH-76

Thus, Jhansi commands a strategic position in the roadways network as highways in 5 different directions diverge from Jhansi.

Air Transport

There is a military aviation base in Jhansi from British era. It is mostly used by the Indian army. Though there are provisions for private aircraft landing, there are no civil aviation operations. The UP government has recently announced the construction of an all new civil aviation base to support tourism in Bundelkhand.[3] Military aviation base is used by the army and army has an objection to extend the existing military aviation base. So, the government has examined three different places other than army aviation base for the airport in Jhansi. It is believed that in the coming 3–4 years, there will be an airport but it will surely take more than 5 years but still seeing the requirements there is a need of airport.

Army

Jhansi is the head-quarter of the 31st Indian Armoured Division.
The army is stationed at Jhansi-Babina.
There has been a joint exercise with the Singaporean Army, here at Jhansi when the President of India, Pratibha Patil witnessed the feat.
It is an armoured division which consists of many equipments like Stuart tank, M3 Lee and M4 Sherman tank.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Uttar Pradesh plans to develop Jhansi airport". 4 January 2011. Retrieved 3 September 2012. {{cite web}}: Text "publisher-igovernment.in" ignored (help)
  2. ^ "Jhansi, India Page". fallingrain.com. Retrieved 3 September 2012.
  3. ^ Manjul, Tarannum (1 April 2011). "New airport at Jhansi to boost tourism". indianexpress.com. Retrieved 3 September 2012.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jhansi.


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