2008: Difference between revisions
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*[[International Year of Sanitation]] |
*[[International Year of Sanitation]] |
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*[[International Year of the Potato]] |
*[[International Year of the Potato]] |
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* The Year of the Frog, aimed at drawing attention to the worldwide crisis in [[amphibian]] conservation.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/tech/science/2007-08-26-frogs_N.htm|title = 2008 to mark 'The Year of the Frog'| newspaper = [[USA Today]]|date = August 26, 2007}}</ref> |
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===January=== |
===January=== |
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[[File:Mercury in color - Prockter07 centered.jpg|thumb|First-ever photograph of the "unseen side" of [[Mercury (planet)|Mercury]], taken by the [[MESSENGER]] spacecraft on January 14]] |
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* [[January 1]] – [[Cyprus]] and [[Malta]] adopt the [[euro]].<ref>[http://www.euractiv.com/en/euro/cyprus-malta-set-join-eurozone-2008/article-163836 Cyprus and Malta set to join eurozone in 2008], EurActiv</ref><ref>[http://www.eubusiness.com/news-eu/1198764121.53/ Akrotiri and Dhekelia adopt the euro], EUbusiness ([[ISO 4217]] code: VEF). {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090706103838/http://www.eubusiness.com/news-eu/1198764121.53/ |date=July 6, 2009 }}</ref> |
* [[January 1]] – [[Cyprus]] and [[Malta]] adopt the [[euro]].<ref>[http://www.euractiv.com/en/euro/cyprus-malta-set-join-eurozone-2008/article-163836 Cyprus and Malta set to join eurozone in 2008], EurActiv</ref><ref>[http://www.eubusiness.com/news-eu/1198764121.53/ Akrotiri and Dhekelia adopt the euro], EUbusiness ([[ISO 4217]] code: VEF). {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090706103838/http://www.eubusiness.com/news-eu/1198764121.53/ |date=July 6, 2009 }}</ref> |
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* [[January 8]] – An attempted assassination of [[Maldives|Maldivian]] president [[Maumoon Abdul Gayoom]] is thwarted after a [[Boy Scout]] grabs the attacker's knife.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/01/08/maldives.assassination.attempt/index.html|title=Boy Scout foils attack on Maldives president|date=January 8, 2008|publisher=CNN|accessdate=November 21, 2008|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080112130942/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/01/08/maldives.assassination.attempt/index.html |archivedate = January 12, 2008|deadurl=yes}}</ref> |
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* [[January 14]] – At 19:04:39 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]], the [[MESSENGER]] [[space probe]] is at its closest approach during its first flyby of the planet [[Mercury (planet)|Mercury]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://messenger.jhuapl.edu/mer_flyby1.html |title=Mercury Flyby 1 |accessdate = 2008-01-12 |publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory]]}}</ref> |
* [[January 14]] – At 19:04:39 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]], the [[MESSENGER]] [[space probe]] is at its closest approach during its first flyby of the planet [[Mercury (planet)|Mercury]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://messenger.jhuapl.edu/mer_flyby1.html |title=Mercury Flyby 1 |accessdate = 2008-01-12 |publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory]]}}</ref> |
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* [[January 15]] – The [[Federal Court of Australia]] orders a Japanese whaling company to stop research whaling within their [[exclusive economic zone]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7188674.stm|title=Japan whaling illegal, court says |date=January 15, 2008|publisher=BBC|accessdate=November 21, 2008| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081201083823/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7188674.stm| archivedate=December 1, 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> |
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* [[January 21]] – Stock markets around the world [[January 2008 stock market volatility|plunge amid growing fears]] of a U.S. [[recession]], fueled by the 2007 [[subprime mortgage crisis]].<ref>{{Cite news|author1=Landler, Mark |author2=Timmons, Heather |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/21/business/22stox-web.html|title=Stocks Plunge Worldwide on Fears of a U.S. Recession |date=January 21, 2008|work=The New York Times|accessdate=November 21, 2008| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081211195300/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/21/business/22stox-web.html| archivedate=December 11, 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> |
* [[January 21]] – Stock markets around the world [[January 2008 stock market volatility|plunge amid growing fears]] of a U.S. [[recession]], fueled by the 2007 [[subprime mortgage crisis]].<ref>{{Cite news|author1=Landler, Mark |author2=Timmons, Heather |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/21/business/22stox-web.html|title=Stocks Plunge Worldwide on Fears of a U.S. Recession |date=January 21, 2008|work=The New York Times|accessdate=November 21, 2008| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081211195300/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/21/business/22stox-web.html| archivedate=December 11, 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> |
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* [[February 4]] – [[Iran]] opens its first space center and launches a [[rocket]] into space.<ref>"Iran Opens Space Center, Launches Rocket", Associated Press</ref> |
* [[February 4]] – [[Iran]] opens its first space center and launches a [[rocket]] into space.<ref>"Iran Opens Space Center, Launches Rocket", Associated Press</ref> |
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* [[February 5]] – U.S. stock market indices plunge more than 3% after a [[Non-Manufacturing ISM Report on Business|report]] shows signs of economic recession in the service sector. The [[S&P 500]] fall 3.2%, The [[Dow Jones Industrial Average]] drops 370 points.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://biz.yahoo.com/ap/080205/wall_street.html|title=Stocks Plunge on Service Sector Weakness |agency=AFP |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080208145814/http://biz.yahoo.com/ap/080205/wall_street.html |archivedate=2008-02-08}}</ref> |
* [[February 5]] – U.S. stock market indices plunge more than 3% after a [[Non-Manufacturing ISM Report on Business|report]] shows signs of economic recession in the service sector. The [[S&P 500]] fall 3.2%, The [[Dow Jones Industrial Average]] drops 370 points.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://biz.yahoo.com/ap/080205/wall_street.html|title=Stocks Plunge on Service Sector Weakness |agency=AFP |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080208145814/http://biz.yahoo.com/ap/080205/wall_street.html |archivedate=2008-02-08}}</ref> |
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* [[February 7]] – ''[[STS-122]]'': [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|Space Shuttle ''Atlantis'']] launches to deliver the European-built Columbus science laboratory to the [[International Space Station]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts122/main/|title=Mission Information |publisher=NASA|accessdate=November 21, 2008| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081219165616/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts122/main/| archivedate=December 19, 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> |
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* [[February 11]] – [[President of East Timor]] [[José Ramos-Horta]] survives an attempted assassination on his life after rebels attack his home.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.theage.com.au/news/world/attack-on-ramoshorta/2008/02/11/1202578640733.html | location=Melbourne | work=The Age | first=Jill | last=Jolliffe | title=Critical Ramos Horta on life support | date=February 11, 2008| accessdate= 8 July 2011 <!--DASHBot-->}}</ref> |
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* [[February 13]] – [[Prime Minister of Australia|Australian Prime Minister]] [[Kevin Rudd]] delivers a formal apology to the [[Stolen Generations]].<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/rudd-says-sorry/2008/02/13/1202760342960.html | work=The Sydney Morning Herald | title=Kevin Rudd says sorry | date=February 13, 2008| accessdate= 8 July 2011 <!--DASHBot-->}}</ref> |
* [[February 13]] – [[Prime Minister of Australia|Australian Prime Minister]] [[Kevin Rudd]] delivers a formal apology to the [[Stolen Generations]].<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/rudd-says-sorry/2008/02/13/1202760342960.html | work=The Sydney Morning Herald | title=Kevin Rudd says sorry | date=February 13, 2008| accessdate= 8 July 2011 <!--DASHBot-->}}</ref> |
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* [[February 17]] – [[Kosovo]] formally [[2008 Kosovo declaration of independence|declares independence]] from [[Serbia]], with a mixed response from the international community.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=anGy1wIN83Sg&refer=home|title=BU.S., Europeans at Security Council Back Kosovo's Independence|publisher=Bloomberg L.P.|accessdate=2008-11-05|date=February 17, 2008}}</ref> |
* [[February 17]] – [[Kosovo]] formally [[2008 Kosovo declaration of independence|declares independence]] from [[Serbia]], with a mixed response from the international community.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=anGy1wIN83Sg&refer=home|title=BU.S., Europeans at Security Council Back Kosovo's Independence|publisher=Bloomberg L.P.|accessdate=2008-11-05|date=February 17, 2008}}</ref> |
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* [[February 19]] – [[Fidel Castro]] announces his resignation as President of Cuba, effective February 24.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7252109.stm|title=Castro steps down as Cuban leader|date=February 19, 2008|publisher=BBC|accessdate=November 21, 2008| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081122101026/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7252109.stm| archivedate=November 22, 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> He is replaced by his brother [[Raúl Castro]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7261204.stm|title=Raul Castro named Cuban president|date=February 25, 2008|publisher=BBC|accessdate=November 21, 2008| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081122101021/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7261204.stm| archivedate=November 22, 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> |
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===March=== |
===March=== |
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* [[March 2]] – [[Venezuela]] and [[Ecuador]] [[2008 Andean diplomatic crisis|move troops to the Colombian border]], following a Colombian raid against [[FARC]] guerrillas inside Ecuadorian territory, in which senior commander [[Raúl Reyes]] is killed.<ref>{{Cite news|author=James, Ian |url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/nationworld/2004255911_webrebel02.html |title=Venezuela, Ecuador sending troops to border with Colombia after rebel leader killed |date=March 3, 2008 |work=The Seattle Times |accessdate=March 15, 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080310030210/http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/nationworld/2004255911_webrebel02.html |archivedate=March 10, 2008 |df=mdy }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Goodman, Joshua |url=http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601086&sid=a5HnABwKGrZc&refer=latin_america|title=Colombian Rebel Leader Raul Reyes Killed By Army, Minister Says|date=March 1, 2008|publisher=Bloomberg L.P.|accessdate=March 15, 2009}}</ref> |
* [[March 2]] – [[Venezuela]] and [[Ecuador]] [[2008 Andean diplomatic crisis|move troops to the Colombian border]], following a Colombian raid against [[FARC]] guerrillas inside Ecuadorian territory, in which senior commander [[Raúl Reyes]] is killed.<ref>{{Cite news|author=James, Ian |url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/nationworld/2004255911_webrebel02.html |title=Venezuela, Ecuador sending troops to border with Colombia after rebel leader killed |date=March 3, 2008 |work=The Seattle Times |accessdate=March 15, 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080310030210/http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/nationworld/2004255911_webrebel02.html |archivedate=March 10, 2008 |df=mdy }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Goodman, Joshua |url=http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601086&sid=a5HnABwKGrZc&refer=latin_america|title=Colombian Rebel Leader Raul Reyes Killed By Army, Minister Says|date=March 1, 2008|publisher=Bloomberg L.P.|accessdate=March 15, 2009}}</ref> |
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* [[March 9]] – The first [[European Space Agency]] [[Automated Transfer Vehicle]], a cargo spacecraft for the [[International Space Station]], launches from [[Guiana Space Centre]] in [[French Guiana]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.esa.int/esaCP/SEMDYOK26DF_index_0.html |title=Europe launches its first resupply ship to the ISS |date=March 9, 2008 |publisher=European Space Agency |accessdate=March 15, 2009 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5gwsTGNcU?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.esa.int%2FesaCP%2FSEMDYOK26DF_index_0.html |archivedate=May 21, 2009 |deadurl=no |df=mdy }}</ref> |
* [[March 9]] – The first [[European Space Agency]] [[Automated Transfer Vehicle]], a cargo spacecraft for the [[International Space Station]], launches from [[Guiana Space Centre]] in [[French Guiana]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.esa.int/esaCP/SEMDYOK26DF_index_0.html |title=Europe launches its first resupply ship to the ISS |date=March 9, 2008 |publisher=European Space Agency |accessdate=March 15, 2009 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5gwsTGNcU?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.esa.int%2FesaCP%2FSEMDYOK26DF_index_0.html |archivedate=May 21, 2009 |deadurl=no |df=mdy }}</ref> |
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* [[March 14]] – [[2008 Tibetan unrest|Demonstrations]] by [[Tibet]]an separatists turn violent as rioters target government and [[Han Chinese]]-owned buildings.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/mar/15/tibet.china2|title=Eyewitness account of violence between protesters and police in Tibet|last=|first=|date=March 15, 2008|website=The Guardian|publisher=|access-date=January 13, 2017}}</ref> |
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* [[March 24]] – [[Bhutan]] holds its [[Bhutanese National Assembly election, 2008|first-ever general elections]] following the adoption of a new [[Constitution of Bhutan|Constitution]] which changed the country from an [[absolute monarchy]] to a multiparty democracy.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/25/world/asia/25bhutan.html|title=Heavy Turnout in First Bhutan Election|last=Sengupta|first=Somini|date=2008-03-25|newspaper=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> |
* [[March 24]] – [[Bhutan]] holds its [[Bhutanese National Assembly election, 2008|first-ever general elections]] following the adoption of a new [[Constitution of Bhutan|Constitution]] which changed the country from an [[absolute monarchy]] to a multiparty democracy.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/25/world/asia/25bhutan.html|title=Heavy Turnout in First Bhutan Election|last=Sengupta|first=Somini|date=2008-03-25|newspaper=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> |
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* [[March 25]] – [[African Union]] and [[Comoros]] forces [[2008 invasion of Anjouan|invade]] the rebel-held island of [[Anjouan]], returning the island to Comorian control.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7302002.stm|title=BBC NEWS {{!}} Africa {{!}} 'Deadly clashes' in the Comoros|website=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> |
* [[March 25]] – [[African Union]] and [[Comoros]] forces [[2008 invasion of Anjouan|invade]] the rebel-held island of [[Anjouan]], returning the island to Comorian control.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7302002.stm|title=BBC NEWS {{!}} Africa {{!}} 'Deadly clashes' in the Comoros|website=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> |
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===April=== |
===April=== |
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* [[April 8]] – The [[Privy Council of the United Kingdom]] approves [[Sark]]'s dismantling of its [[feudalism|feudal system]] to comply with the [[European Convention on Human Rights]].<ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/guernsey/7339172.stm | work=BBC News | title=Sark democracy plans are approved | date=April 9, 2008| accessdate= 8 July 2011 <!--DASHBot-->}}</ref> |
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* [[April 22]] – Surgeons at London's [[Moorfields Eye Hospital]] perform the first operations using [[Visual prosthesis|bionic eyes]], implanting them into two blind patients. |
* [[April 22]] – Surgeons at London's [[Moorfields Eye Hospital]] perform the first operations using [[Visual prosthesis|bionic eyes]], implanting them into two blind patients. |
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* [[April 27]] – The [[Taliban]] fails in an attempt to assassinate [[Afghanistan|Afghan]] President [[Hamid Karzai]] in a military parade in [[Kabul]].<ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7369540.stm | work=BBC News | title=Karzai unhurt after parade attack | date=April 27, 2008| accessdate= 8 July 2011 <!--DASHBot-->}}</ref> |
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* [[April 28]] – [[India]] sets a world record by sending 10 [[satellite]]s into orbit in a single launch.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-04-28/india/27775078_1_cartosat-2a-pslv-c9-sun-synchronous-orbit|title=India setting world record by sending 10 satellites into orbit | work=The Times Of India | date=April 28, 2008| accessdate= 8 July 2011 <!--DASHBot-->}}</ref> |
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===May=== |
===May=== |
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** The [[Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope]] is launched.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/k-4/stories/nasa-knows/what-is-the-fermi-telescope-k4.html|title=What Is the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope?|last=MSFC|first=Jennifer Wall :|date=2015-05-21|newspaper=NASA|language=en|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> |
** The [[Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope]] is launched.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/k-4/stories/nasa-knows/what-is-the-fermi-telescope-k4.html|title=What Is the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope?|last=MSFC|first=Jennifer Wall :|date=2015-05-21|newspaper=NASA|language=en|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> |
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** Canadian Prime Minister [[Stephen Harper]] formally apologizes, on behalf of the Canadian government, to the country's [[First Nations]] for the [[Canadian Indian residential school system]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080709021317/http://www.ctv.ca:80/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20080610/native_apology_080611/20080611?hub=TopStories|title=Harper apologizes for residential school abuse|last=|first=|date=June 11, 2008|website=CTV|publisher=|access-date=January 13, 2017}}</ref> |
** Canadian Prime Minister [[Stephen Harper]] formally apologizes, on behalf of the Canadian government, to the country's [[First Nations]] for the [[Canadian Indian residential school system]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080709021317/http://www.ctv.ca:80/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20080610/native_apology_080611/20080611?hub=TopStories|title=Harper apologizes for residential school abuse|last=|first=|date=June 11, 2008|website=CTV|publisher=|access-date=January 13, 2017}}</ref> |
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* [[June 12]] – [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]] votes to reject the [[Treaty of Lisbon]], in the only [[Twenty-eighth Amendment of the Constitution Bill 2008 (Ireland)|referendum]] to be held by a [[European Union]] member state on the treaty.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/jun/13/ireland|title=Irish voters reject EU treaty|last=Stratton|first=Henry McDonald Allegra|date=2008-06-13|last2=agencies|newspaper=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> |
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* [[June 14]] – [[Expo 2008]] opens in [[Zaragoza]], Spain, lasting to September 14, with the topic "Water and sustainable development".<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/us-spain-expo-idUSL1381481020080614|title=Spain's Expo 2008 on world water opens|date=2017-06-14|newspaper=Reuters|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> |
* [[June 14]] – [[Expo 2008]] opens in [[Zaragoza]], Spain, lasting to September 14, with the topic "Water and sustainable development".<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/us-spain-expo-idUSL1381481020080614|title=Spain's Expo 2008 on world water opens|date=2017-06-14|newspaper=Reuters|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> |
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===July=== |
===July=== |
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* [[July 2]] – [[Íngrid Betancourt]] and 14 other hostages are [[Operation Jaque|rescued]] from [[FARC]] by [[Colombia]]n security forces.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2008/jul/04/world/fg-hostagetictoc4|title=The ultimate fake-out|last=Kraul|first=Chris|date=2008-07-04|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|issn=0458-3035|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> |
* [[July 2]] – [[Íngrid Betancourt]] and 14 other hostages are [[Operation Jaque|rescued]] from [[FARC]] rebels by [[Colombia]]n security forces.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2008/jul/04/world/fg-hostagetictoc4|title=The ultimate fake-out|last=Kraul|first=Chris|date=2008-07-04|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US|issn=0458-3035|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> |
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* [[July 21]] – [[Radovan Karadžić]], the first president of the [[Republika Srpska]], is arrested in [[Belgrade]], [[Serbia]], on allegations of war crimes, following a 12-year-long [[Manhunt (law enforcement)|manhunt]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/7518543.stm|title=BBC News: Serbia captures fugitive Karadzic | date=2008-07-22 | accessdate=2010-01-01}}</ref> |
* [[July 21]] – [[Radovan Karadžić]], the first president of the [[Republika Srpska]], is arrested in [[Belgrade]], [[Serbia]], on allegations of war crimes, following a 12-year-long [[Manhunt (law enforcement)|manhunt]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/7518543.stm|title=BBC News: Serbia captures fugitive Karadzic | date=2008-07-22 | accessdate=2010-01-01}}</ref> |
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===August=== |
===August=== |
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* [[August 1]] – [[George Tupou V]] is crowned as the new King of [[Tonga]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/07/31/tonga.king.ap/index.html|title=Tonga crowns new king | work=CNN|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080918165415/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/07/31/tonga.king.ap/index.html|archivedate=September 18, 2008 |deadurl=yes}}</ref> |
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* [[August 6]] – President [[Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi]] of [[Mauritania]] is deposed in a [[2008 Mauritanian coup d'état|military coup d'état]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7544834.stm|title=BBC NEWS {{!}} Africa {{!}} Troops stage coup in Mauritania|website=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> |
* [[August 6]] – President [[Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi]] of [[Mauritania]] is deposed in a [[2008 Mauritanian coup d'état|military coup d'état]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7544834.stm|title=BBC NEWS {{!}} Africa {{!}} Troops stage coup in Mauritania|website=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> |
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* [[August 7]] – [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]] invades the breakaway state of [[South Ossetia]], [[Russo-Georgian War|sparking a war with Russia]] as the latter intervenes in support of the separatists in both South Ossetia and [[Abkhazia]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/08/16/AR2008081600502_pf.html|title=A Two-Sided Descent Into Full-Scale War|last=Finn|first=Peter|date=August 17, 2008|website=The Washington Post|publisher=|access-date=January 13, 2017}}</ref> |
* [[August 7]] – [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]] invades the breakaway state of [[South Ossetia]], [[Russo-Georgian War|sparking a war with Russia]] as the latter intervenes in support of the separatists in both South Ossetia and [[Abkhazia]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/08/16/AR2008081600502_pf.html|title=A Two-Sided Descent Into Full-Scale War|last=Finn|first=Peter|date=August 17, 2008|website=The Washington Post|publisher=|access-date=January 13, 2017}}</ref> |
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* [[August 8]]–[[August 24|24]] – The [[2008 Summer Olympics]] take place in Beijing, China.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://boston.com/bigpicture/2008/08/beijing_2008_its_a_wrap.html|title=Beijing 2008 – It's a wrap | work=The Boston Globe | date=August 25, 2008| accessdate= 8 July 2011 <!--DASHBot-->}}</ref> |
* [[August 8]]–[[August 24|24]] – The [[2008 Summer Olympics]] take place in Beijing, China.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://boston.com/bigpicture/2008/08/beijing_2008_its_a_wrap.html|title=Beijing 2008 – It's a wrap | work=The Boston Globe | date=August 25, 2008| accessdate= 8 July 2011 <!--DASHBot-->}}</ref> |
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* [[August 20]] – [[Spanair Flight 5022]], from [[Madrid]] to [[Gran Canaria]], skids off the runway and crashes at [[Madrid Barajas International Airport|Barajas Airport]] with 172 on board. Of them, 154 die and 18 survive.<ref>{{Cite news|title= DNA tests for those killed in Madrid crash|url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/7575970.stm |
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|date= 2008-08-20|accessdate= 2008-08-20|publisher= BBC| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20080828202115/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/7575970.stm| archivedate=August 28, 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> |
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* [[August 26]] – Russia [[International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia|unilaterally recognizes]] the independence of [[Georgia (country)|Georgian]] breakaway republics [[Abkhazia]] and [[South Ossetia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kremlin.ru/eng/speeches/2008/08/26/1543_type82912_205752.shtml|title=Statement by President of Russia Dmitry Medvedev|publisher=Russia's President web site|date=2008-08-26|accessdate=2008-08-26| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20080902001442/http://www.kremlin.ru/eng/speeches/2008/08/26/1543_type82912_205752.shtml| archivedate=September 2, 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> |
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===September=== |
===September=== |
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* [[September 3]] – [[Prime Minister of Pakistan|Prime Minister]] [[Yousaf Raza Gillani]] of Pakistan survives an assassination attempt near [[Islamabad]], while on his way to meet [[Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)|British Leader of the Opposition]] [[David Cameron]]. |
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* [[September 10]] – The [[proton]] [[Particle beam|beam]] is circulated for the first time in the [[Large Hadron Collider]], the [[List of accelerators in particle physics#Hadron colliders|world's largest and highest-energy]] [[particle accelerator]], located at [[CERN]], near [[Geneva]], under the Franco-Swiss border.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://press.cern/press-releases/2008/09/first-beam-lhc-accelerating-science |title=First beam in the LHC – accelerating science |df=mdy }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/TECH/09/10/lhc.collider/|title=Large Hadron Collider fired up in 'God particle' hunt | work=CNN | accessdate=April 14, 2010 | date=September 10, 2008}}</ref> |
* [[September 10]] – The [[proton]] [[Particle beam|beam]] is circulated for the first time in the [[Large Hadron Collider]], the [[List of accelerators in particle physics#Hadron colliders|world's largest and highest-energy]] [[particle accelerator]], located at [[CERN]], near [[Geneva]], under the Franco-Swiss border.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://press.cern/press-releases/2008/09/first-beam-lhc-accelerating-science |title=First beam in the LHC – accelerating science |df=mdy }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/TECH/09/10/lhc.collider/|title=Large Hadron Collider fired up in 'God particle' hunt | work=CNN | accessdate=April 14, 2010 | date=September 10, 2008}}</ref> |
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* [[September 17]] – The [[International Astronomical Union]] classifies [[Haumea (dwarf planet)|Haumea]] as the 5th [[dwarf planet]] in the [[Solar System]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://iau.org/public_press/news/release/iau0807/ |title=News Release – IAU0807: IAU names fifth dwarf planet Haumea |accessdate=8 July 2011 <!--DASHBot--> |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090708112159/http://www.iau.org:80/public_press/news/release/iau0807/ |archivedate=July 8, 2009 |deadurl=no |df=mdy }}</ref> |
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* [[September 20]] – A [[Islamabad Marriott Hotel bombing|suicide truck bomb explosion]] destroys the [[Marriott International|Marriott Hotel]] in [[Islamabad]], [[Pakistan]], killing at least 60 and injuring 266.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://nytimes.com/reuters/world/international-pakistan-blast.html|title=At Least 40 Killed in Huge Explosion at Pakistan Hotel | work=The New York Times| accessdate= 8 July 2011 <!--DASHBot-->}} {{Dead link|date=August 2010|bot=RjwilmsiBot}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/09/20/pakistan.islamabad.marriott.blast/|title=Deadly blast targets Marriott Hotel in Islamabad | work=CNN | accessdate=April 14, 2010 | date=September 21, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7627135.stm|title=Dozens killed in Pakistan attack | work=BBC News | date=2008-09-20 | accessdate=2010-01-01}}</ref> |
* [[September 20]] – A [[Islamabad Marriott Hotel bombing|suicide truck bomb explosion]] destroys the [[Marriott International|Marriott Hotel]] in [[Islamabad]], [[Pakistan]], killing at least 60 and injuring 266.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://nytimes.com/reuters/world/international-pakistan-blast.html|title=At Least 40 Killed in Huge Explosion at Pakistan Hotel | work=The New York Times| accessdate= 8 July 2011 <!--DASHBot-->}} {{Dead link|date=August 2010|bot=RjwilmsiBot}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/09/20/pakistan.islamabad.marriott.blast/|title=Deadly blast targets Marriott Hotel in Islamabad | work=CNN | accessdate=April 14, 2010 | date=September 21, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7627135.stm|title=Dozens killed in Pakistan attack | work=BBC News | date=2008-09-20 | accessdate=2010-01-01}}</ref> |
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* [[September 28]] – [[SpaceX]] [[Falcon 1]] becomes the world's first privately developed [[Launch vehicle|space launch vehicle]] to successfully [[Falcon 1 Flight 4|make orbit]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://spacex.com/F1-004.php |title=Space Exploration Technologies Corporation – Falcon 1 Flight 4 |accessdate=8 July 2011<!--DASHBot--> |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725225434/http://www.spacex.com/F1-004.php |archivedate=July 25, 2011 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7641287.stm|title=Falcon rocket success for SpaceX|work=BBC News|date=2008-09-29|accessdate=2010-01-01}}</ref> |
* [[September 28]] – [[SpaceX]] [[Falcon 1]] becomes the world's first privately developed [[Launch vehicle|space launch vehicle]] to successfully [[Falcon 1 Flight 4|make orbit]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://spacex.com/F1-004.php |title=Space Exploration Technologies Corporation – Falcon 1 Flight 4 |accessdate=8 July 2011<!--DASHBot--> |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725225434/http://www.spacex.com/F1-004.php |archivedate=July 25, 2011 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7641287.stm|title=Falcon rocket success for SpaceX|work=BBC News|date=2008-09-29|accessdate=2010-01-01}}</ref> |
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* [[September 30]] – A [[2008 Jodhpur stampede|stampede at a temple]] in [[Jodhpur]], India kills over 224 people, and injures 400.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7648104.stm|title=India stampede death toll rises|date=2 October 2008|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=2008-11-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081005081130/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7648104.stm |archivedate=October 5, 2008<!--DASHBot-->|deadurl=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/09/29/india.stampede/|title=India temple stampede kills 147|publisher=CNN|accessdate=2008-10-31|date=30 September 2008}}</ref> |
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===October=== |
===October=== |
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* [[October 3]] – [[Global financial crisis of 2008|Global financial crisis]]: [[President of the United States|U.S. President]] [[George W. Bush]] signs the revised [[Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008|Emergency Economic Stabilization Act]] into law, creating a [[United States Emergency Economic Stabilization fund|700 billion dollar Treasury fund]] to purchase failing bank [[asset]]s.<ref name = "Associated Press-Raum-2008-10-03">Raum, Tom (October 3, 2008) [http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5hT-MwpK6QSoOPF74bGFqnUl_HVuwD93J6ND00 Bush signs $700 billion bailout bill] ''Associated Press'' . Retrieved October 3, 2008. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028183632/http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5hT-MwpK6QSoOPF74bGFqnUl_HVuwD93J6ND00 |date=October 28, 2008 }}{{dead link|date=November 2012|bot=Legobot}}</ref> |
* [[October 3]] – [[Global financial crisis of 2008|Global financial crisis]]: [[President of the United States|U.S. President]] [[George W. Bush]] signs the revised [[Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008|Emergency Economic Stabilization Act]] into law, creating a [[United States Emergency Economic Stabilization fund|700 billion dollar Treasury fund]] to purchase failing bank [[asset]]s.<ref name = "Associated Press-Raum-2008-10-03">Raum, Tom (October 3, 2008) [http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5hT-MwpK6QSoOPF74bGFqnUl_HVuwD93J6ND00 Bush signs $700 billion bailout bill] ''Associated Press'' . Retrieved October 3, 2008. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028183632/http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5hT-MwpK6QSoOPF74bGFqnUl_HVuwD93J6ND00 |date=October 28, 2008 }}{{dead link|date=November 2012|bot=Legobot}}</ref> |
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* [[October 7]] – The [[meteoroid]] [[2008 TC3|2008 TC<sub>3</sub>]] impacts Earth, becoming the first such object to be discovered prior to [[Impact event|impact]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/10/06/incoming-2/|title=Incoming!!!|accessdate=2008-10-08| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081007190747/http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2008/10/06/incoming-2/| archivedate=October 7, 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> |
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* [[October 17]] – The [[United Nations General Assembly]] [[United Nations Security Council election, 2008|elects]] [[Turkey]], Austria, Japan, [[Uganda]], and Mexico to two-year terms on the [[Security Council]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://un.org/News/Press/docs//2008/ga10768.doc.htm|title=General assembly elects Austria, Japan, Mexico, Turkey, Uganda|date=October 17, 2008|publisher=UN General Assembly|accessdate=2008-10-19| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081021033116/http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2008/ga10768.doc.htm| archivedate=October 21, 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> |
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* [[October 21]] – The [[Large Hadron Collider]] (LHC) is officially [[Inauguration|inaugurated]]. It is a collaboration of over 10,000 [[scientist]]s and [[engineer]]s from over 100 countries as well as hundreds of [[University|universities]] and [[Laboratory|laboratories]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://press.cern/press-releases/2008/10/cern-inaugurates-lhc|title=CERN inaugurates the LHC|date=October 21, 2008|publisher=CERN|accessdate=2016-11-20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://press.cern/press-releases/2008/10/lhc-be-inaugurated-21-october-2008 |title=LHC to be inaugurated on 21 October 2008 |accessdate=2016-11-20 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://lhc-first-beam.web.cern.ch/lhc%2Dfirst%2Dbeam/News/FinalLHCsyncTest.html|title=Final LHC Synchronization Test a Success| accessdate= 8 July 2011 <!--DASHBot-->}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Lynn|first=Jonathan|title=Big Bang experiment inaugurated despite glitch|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2008/10/21/us-science-cern-idUKTRE49K5YQ20081021|newspaper=Reuters|date=October 21, 2008}}</ref> |
* [[October 21]] – The [[Large Hadron Collider]] (LHC) is officially [[Inauguration|inaugurated]]. It is a collaboration of over 10,000 [[scientist]]s and [[engineer]]s from over 100 countries as well as hundreds of [[University|universities]] and [[Laboratory|laboratories]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://press.cern/press-releases/2008/10/cern-inaugurates-lhc|title=CERN inaugurates the LHC|date=October 21, 2008|publisher=CERN|accessdate=2016-11-20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://press.cern/press-releases/2008/10/lhc-be-inaugurated-21-october-2008 |title=LHC to be inaugurated on 21 October 2008 |accessdate=2016-11-20 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://lhc-first-beam.web.cern.ch/lhc%2Dfirst%2Dbeam/News/FinalLHCsyncTest.html|title=Final LHC Synchronization Test a Success| accessdate= 8 July 2011 <!--DASHBot-->}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Lynn|first=Jonathan|title=Big Bang experiment inaugurated despite glitch|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2008/10/21/us-science-cern-idUKTRE49K5YQ20081021|newspaper=Reuters|date=October 21, 2008}}</ref> |
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* [[October 22]] – The [[Indian Space Research Organisation]] successfully launches the [[Chandrayaan-1]] spacecraft on a [[Exploration of the Moon|lunar exploration]] mission.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7679818.stm|title=India launches first Moon mission|date= 22 October 2008|work=BBC News|accessdate=2008-10-22| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081022003924/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7679818.stm| archivedate=October 22, 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://planetary.org/explore/topics/space_missions/chandrayaan_1/ |title=Chandrayaan-1 |accessdate=8 July 2011 <!--DASHBot--> |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110628201657/http://planetary.org/explore/topics/space_missions/chandrayaan_1/ |archivedate=June 28, 2011 |deadurl=no |df=mdy }}</ref> |
* [[October 22]] – The [[Indian Space Research Organisation]] successfully launches the [[Chandrayaan-1]] spacecraft on a [[Exploration of the Moon|lunar exploration]] mission.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7679818.stm|title=India launches first Moon mission|date= 22 October 2008|work=BBC News|accessdate=2008-10-22| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081022003924/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7679818.stm| archivedate=October 22, 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://planetary.org/explore/topics/space_missions/chandrayaan_1/ |title=Chandrayaan-1 |accessdate=8 July 2011 <!--DASHBot--> |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110628201657/http://planetary.org/explore/topics/space_missions/chandrayaan_1/ |archivedate=June 28, 2011 |deadurl=no |df=mdy }}</ref> |
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* [[October 29]] – [[Delta Air Lines]] merges with [[Northwest Airlines]], forming the world's largest commercial carrier.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nwa.com/features/mergerletter/|title=Dear Northwest Customer:|last=Steenland|first=Doug|publisher=Northwest Airlines|accessdate=2008-11-03|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080913203259/http://nwa.com/features/mergerletter/ |archivedate = September 13, 2008|deadurl=yes}}</ref> |
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===November=== |
===November=== |
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* [[November 4]] – [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] U.S Senator [[Barack Obama]] is [[United States presidential election, 2008|elected]] the 44th [[President of the United States]], |
* [[November 4]] – [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] U.S Senator [[Barack Obama]] is [[United States presidential election, 2008|elected]] the 44th [[President of the United States]], becoming the first [[African-American]] President.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://nytimes.com/2008/11/05/us/politics/05elect.html|title=Obama Elected President as Racial Barrier Falls|last=Nagourney|first=Adam|date=November 4, 2008|work=The New York Times|accessdate=2008-11-05| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081209030024/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/05/us/politics/05elect.html| archivedate=December 9, 2008<!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/us_elections_2008/7709978.stm|title=Obama wins historic US election|date=November 5, 2008|work=BBC News|accessdate=2008-11-05| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081106010551/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/us_elections_2008/7709978.stm| archivedate=November 6, 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/11/04/election.president/|title=Obama inspires historic victory|date=November 5, 2008|publisher=CNN|accessdate=2008-11-05| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081217003318/http://www.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/11/04/election.president/| archivedate=December 17, 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> |
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* [[November 6]] – King [[Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck]] of [[Bhutan]] is crowned, having ascended to the throne in [[2006]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/7521429.stm|title=Bhutan king to be crowned at last | work=BBC News | date=2008-07-23 | accessdate=2010-01-01}}</ref> |
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* [[November 19]] – Claudia Castillo of Spain becomes the first person to have a successful [[trachea]] [[Organ transplant|transplant]] using a [[Tissue engineering|tissue-engineered]] [[Organ (anatomy)|organ]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/7735696.stm |title=FWindpipe transplant breakthrough | work=BBC News | date=2008-11-19 | accessdate=2010-01-01 | first=Michelle | last=Roberts| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100115221324/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/7735696.stm| archivedate=January 15, 2010 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> |
* [[November 19]] – Claudia Castillo of Spain becomes the first person to have a successful [[trachea]] [[Organ transplant|transplant]] using a [[Tissue engineering|tissue-engineered]] [[Organ (anatomy)|organ]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/7735696.stm |title=FWindpipe transplant breakthrough | work=BBC News | date=2008-11-19 | accessdate=2010-01-01 | first=Michelle | last=Roberts| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100115221324/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/7735696.stm| archivedate=January 15, 2010 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> |
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* [[November 24]] – The [[2008 Santa Catarina floods]] in [[Santa Catarina (state)|Santa Catarina]], Brazil, kill 126 and force the evacuation of over 78,000 people. |
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* [[November 25]] – [[Greenland]] holds a [[Greenlandic self-government referendum, 2008|referendum]] for increased autonomy from Denmark with 75% of voters in favour.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7749427.stm|title=Greenland votes for more autonomy|accessdate=2008-11-27 | work=BBC News | date=2008-11-26| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081127031930/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7749427.stm| archivedate=November 27, 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> |
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* [[November 26]]–[[November 29|29]] – A [[2008 Mumbai attacks|series of terrorist attacks]] in [[Mumbai]], India by Pakistan-based [[Islamic terrorism|Islamic militants]] who lay siege over a hotel for 2 days, results in 195 casualties, and over 250 injured. |
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* [[November 27]] – The longest serving ocean liner in history, ''[[Queen Elizabeth 2]]'', is retired from service. |
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* [[November 29]] – [[2008 Jos riots|Riots]] in [[Jos]], Nigeria, kill 381, and injure at least 300. |
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===December=== |
===December=== |
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* [[December 5]] – Human remains found in 1991 are identified as [[Tsar]] [[Nicholas II of Russia]], using [[DNA analysis]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.itartass.ur.ru/news/?id=42200|title= Экспертиза подтвердила, что найденные останки принадлежат Николаю II|publisher=ITAR-TASS |accessdate=2008-12-05|language=ru}}</ref> |
* [[December 5]] – Human remains found in 1991 are identified as [[Tsar]] [[Nicholas II of Russia]], using [[DNA analysis]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.itartass.ur.ru/news/?id=42200|title= Экспертиза подтвердила, что найденные останки принадлежат Николаю II|publisher=ITAR-TASS |accessdate=2008-12-05|language=ru}}</ref> |
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* [[December 10]] – The [[Channel Islands|Channel Island]] of [[Sark]], a British [[Crown dependencies|Crown dependency]], holds its [[Sark general election, 2008|first fully democratic elections]] under a new constitutional arrangement, becoming the last European territory to abolish [[feudalism]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Sark Election: the candidates | work=[[BBC News Online|BBC Guernsey]] | date=9 December 2008 |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/guernsey/content/articles/2008/11/18/sark_election_candidates_2008_feature.shtml | accessdate=11 December 2008 | archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081212134434/http://www.bbc.co.uk/guernsey/content/articles/2008/11/18/sark_election_candidates_2008_feature.shtml| archivedate=December 12, 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> |
* [[December 10]] – The [[Channel Islands|Channel Island]] of [[Sark]], a British [[Crown dependencies|Crown dependency]], holds its [[Sark general election, 2008|first fully democratic elections]] under a new constitutional arrangement, becoming the last European territory to abolish [[feudalism]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Sark Election: the candidates | work=[[BBC News Online|BBC Guernsey]] | date=9 December 2008 |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/guernsey/content/articles/2008/11/18/sark_election_candidates_2008_feature.shtml | accessdate=11 December 2008 | archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081212134434/http://www.bbc.co.uk/guernsey/content/articles/2008/11/18/sark_election_candidates_2008_feature.shtml| archivedate=December 12, 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> |
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* [[December 12]] – Switzerland becomes the 25th European country to [[Schengen Agreement#Switzerland and Liechtenstein|join]] the [[Schengen Agreement]], whereby cross-border passport checks will be abolished.<ref name="Swiss accession">{{cite web|url=http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/news_digest/Switzerland_links_up_to_European_police_files.html?siteSect=104&sid=9482144 |title=Switzerland links up to European police files |date=2008-08-11 |accessdate=2008-09-07 }}</ref> |
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* [[December 16]] – [[Cerro Pátapo ruins|Ruins]] of an ancient [[Wari culture|Wari]] city are discovered in northern [[Peru]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7787053.stm|title=BBC NEWS {{!}} Americas {{!}} 'Ancient city unearthed' in Peru|website=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=2017-01-13}}</ref> |
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* [[December 18]] – The [[International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda]] finds [[Théoneste Bagosora]] and two other senior Rwandan army officers guilty of [[genocide]], [[crimes against humanity]] and [[war crime]]s and sentences them to [[life imprisonment]] for their role in the [[Rwandan genocide]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Trio found guilty of Rwandan genocide | work=[[CNN]] | date=18 December 2008 |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/africa/12/18/rwanda.tribunal/index.html | accessdate=18 December 2008 | archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081219170115/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/africa/12/18/rwanda.tribunal/index.html| archivedate=December 19, 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> |
* [[December 18]] – The [[International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda]] finds [[Théoneste Bagosora]] and two other senior Rwandan army officers guilty of [[genocide]], [[crimes against humanity]] and [[war crime]]s and sentences them to [[life imprisonment]] for their role in the [[Rwandan genocide]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Trio found guilty of Rwandan genocide | work=[[CNN]] | date=18 December 2008 |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/africa/12/18/rwanda.tribunal/index.html | accessdate=18 December 2008 | archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081219170115/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/africa/12/18/rwanda.tribunal/index.html| archivedate=December 19, 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> |
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* [[December 23]] – A [[2008 Guinean coup d'état|military coup d'état]] deposes the government of [[Guinea]] shortly after the death of |
* [[December 23]] – A [[2008 Guinean coup d'état|military coup d'état]] deposes the government of [[Guinea]] shortly after the death of longtime [[President of Guinea|President]] [[Lansana Conté]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Coup fear as Guinea president dies | work=[[CNN]] | date=24 December 2008 |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/africa/12/23/guinea.president.dead/index.html | accessdate=24 December 2008 | archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081224043656/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/africa/12/23/guinea.president.dead/index.html| archivedate=December 24, 2008 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> |
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* [[December 27]] – Israel [[Gaza War (2008–09)|invades]] the [[Gaza Strip]] in response to rockets being fired into Israeli territory by [[Hamas]] and due to weapons being smuggled into the area.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/2009/0113/p01s04-wome.html |title=Ilene R. Prusher, 'Hamas remains defiant despite pounding' Christian Science Monitor 13 January 2009 |publisher=Csmonitor.com |date=2009-01-13 |accessdate=2010-06-05}}</ref><ref>Bright, Arthur. [http://www.csmonitor.com/World/terrorism-security/2008/1226/p99s01-duts.html Israel set to launch ‘limited operation’ in Gaza], [[Christian Science Monitor]], December 26, 2008.</ref><ref name="guardian.co.uk">{{Cite news|author=Rory McCarthy in Jerusalem |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/sep/16/israel-rejects-war-crimes-gaza |title=Israel rejects war crimes findings of UN Gaza inquiry | World news | guardian.co.uk |work=The Guardian |date= September 16, 2009|accessdate=2010-05-08 | location=London}}</ref> |
* [[December 27]] – Israel [[Gaza War (2008–09)|invades]] the [[Gaza Strip]] in response to rockets being fired into Israeli territory by [[Hamas]] and due to weapons being smuggled into the area.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/2009/0113/p01s04-wome.html |title=Ilene R. Prusher, 'Hamas remains defiant despite pounding' Christian Science Monitor 13 January 2009 |publisher=Csmonitor.com |date=2009-01-13 |accessdate=2010-06-05}}</ref><ref>Bright, Arthur. [http://www.csmonitor.com/World/terrorism-security/2008/1226/p99s01-duts.html Israel set to launch ‘limited operation’ in Gaza], [[Christian Science Monitor]], December 26, 2008.</ref><ref name="guardian.co.uk">{{Cite news|author=Rory McCarthy in Jerusalem |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/sep/16/israel-rejects-war-crimes-gaza |title=Israel rejects war crimes findings of UN Gaza inquiry | World news | guardian.co.uk |work=The Guardian |date= September 16, 2009|accessdate=2010-05-08 | location=London}}</ref> |
||
* [[December 31]] – An extra [[leap second]] (23:59:60) is added to end the year. The last time this occurred was in [[2005]]. |
* [[December 31]] – An extra [[leap second]] (23:59:60) is added to end the year. The last time this occurred was in [[2005]]. |
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[[File:President_Suharto,_1993.jpg|thumb|120px|[[Suharto]]]] |
[[File:President_Suharto,_1993.jpg|thumb|120px|[[Suharto]]]] |
||
* [[January 2]] – [[Galyani Vadhana]], Princess of Naradhiwas, Princess of Thailand (b. [[1923]]) |
* [[January 2]] – [[Galyani Vadhana]], Princess of Naradhiwas, Princess of Thailand (b. [[1923]]) |
||
* [[January 3]] – [[Yo- |
* [[January 3]] – [[Choi Yo-sam]], Korean boxer (b. [[1972]]) |
||
* [[January 10]] – [[Maila Nurmi]], Finnish-American actress and television personality (b. [[1922]]) |
* [[January 10]] – [[Maila Nurmi]], Finnish-American actress and television personality (b. [[1922]]) |
||
* [[January 11]] – [[Edmund Hillary]], New Zealand mountaineer, explorer, and philanthropist (b. [[1919]]) |
* [[January 11]] – [[Edmund Hillary]], New Zealand mountaineer, explorer, and philanthropist (b. [[1919]]) |
||
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* [[January 16]] – [[Nikola Kljusev]], 1st [[Prime Minister of Macedonia]] (b. [[1927]]) |
* [[January 16]] – [[Nikola Kljusev]], 1st [[Prime Minister of Macedonia]] (b. [[1927]]) |
||
* [[January 17]] – [[Bobby Fischer]], American-Icelandic chess grandmaster and former World Chess Champion (b. [[1943]]) |
* [[January 17]] – [[Bobby Fischer]], American-Icelandic chess grandmaster and former World Chess Champion (b. [[1943]]) |
||
* [[January 19]] – [[Suzanne Pleshette]], American actress (b. [[1937]]) |
* [[January 19]] – [[Suzanne Pleshette|Suzanne Leatherette]], American actress (b. [[1937]]) |
||
* [[January 22]] |
* [[January 22]] |
||
** [[Heath Ledger]], Australian actor (b. [[1979]]) |
** [[Heath Ledger]], Australian actor (b. [[1979]]) |
Revision as of 02:50, 2 February 2017
Millennium: | 3rd millennium |
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Centuries: | |
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2008 by topic |
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2008 (MMVIII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 2008th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 8th year of the 3rd millennium and the 21st century, and the 9th year of the 2000s decade.
2008 was designated as:
- International Year of Languages[1]
- International Year of Planet Earth
- International Year of Sanitation
- International Year of the Potato
Events
January
- January 1 – Cyprus and Malta adopt the euro.[2][3]
- January 14 – At 19:04:39 UTC, the MESSENGER space probe is at its closest approach during its first flyby of the planet Mercury.[4]
- January 21 – Stock markets around the world plunge amid growing fears of a U.S. recession, fueled by the 2007 subprime mortgage crisis.[5]
- January 24 – A peace deal is signed in Goma, Democratic Republic of the Congo, ending the Kivu conflict.[6]
February
- February 4 – Iran opens its first space center and launches a rocket into space.[7]
- February 5 – U.S. stock market indices plunge more than 3% after a report shows signs of economic recession in the service sector. The S&P 500 fall 3.2%, The Dow Jones Industrial Average drops 370 points.[8]
- February 13 – Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd delivers a formal apology to the Stolen Generations.[9]
- February 17 – Kosovo formally declares independence from Serbia, with a mixed response from the international community.[10]
March
- March–April – Rising food and fuel prices trigger riots and unrest in the Third World.
- March 2 – Venezuela and Ecuador move troops to the Colombian border, following a Colombian raid against FARC guerrillas inside Ecuadorian territory, in which senior commander Raúl Reyes is killed.[11][12]
- March 9 – The first European Space Agency Automated Transfer Vehicle, a cargo spacecraft for the International Space Station, launches from Guiana Space Centre in French Guiana.[13]
- March 24 – Bhutan holds its first-ever general elections following the adoption of a new Constitution which changed the country from an absolute monarchy to a multiparty democracy.[14]
- March 25 – African Union and Comoros forces invade the rebel-held island of Anjouan, returning the island to Comorian control.[15]
April
- April 22 – Surgeons at London's Moorfields Eye Hospital perform the first operations using bionic eyes, implanting them into two blind patients.
May
- May 3 – Cyclone Nargis passes through Myanmar, killing over 100,000 people.[16]
- May 12 – An earthquake measuring 7.9 Moment magnitude scale strikes Sichuan, China, killing an estimated 87,000 people.[17]
- May 23
- The Union of South American Nations, an intergovernmental organization between states in South America, is founded.[18]
- The International Court of Justice awards Middle Rocks to Malaysia and Pedra Branca to Singapore, ending a 29-year territorial dispute between the two countries.[19]
- May 25 – NASA's Phoenix spacecraft becomes the first to land on the northern polar region of Mars.[20]
- May 28 – The Legislature Parliament of Nepal votes overwhelmingly in favor of abolishing the country's 240-year-old monarchy, turning the country into a republic.[21]
- May 30 – The Convention on Cluster Munitions is adopted in Dublin.[22]
June
- June 11
- The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope is launched.[23]
- Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper formally apologizes, on behalf of the Canadian government, to the country's First Nations for the Canadian Indian residential school system.[24]
- June 14 – Expo 2008 opens in Zaragoza, Spain, lasting to September 14, with the topic "Water and sustainable development".[25]
July
- July 2 – Íngrid Betancourt and 14 other hostages are rescued from FARC rebels by Colombian security forces.[26]
- July 21 – Radovan Karadžić, the first president of the Republika Srpska, is arrested in Belgrade, Serbia, on allegations of war crimes, following a 12-year-long manhunt.[27]
August
- August 6 – President Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi of Mauritania is deposed in a military coup d'état.[28]
- August 7 – Georgia invades the breakaway state of South Ossetia, sparking a war with Russia as the latter intervenes in support of the separatists in both South Ossetia and Abkhazia.[29]
- August 8–24 – The 2008 Summer Olympics take place in Beijing, China.[30]
September
- September 10 – The proton beam is circulated for the first time in the Large Hadron Collider, the world's largest and highest-energy particle accelerator, located at CERN, near Geneva, under the Franco-Swiss border.[31][32]
- September 20 – A suicide truck bomb explosion destroys the Marriott Hotel in Islamabad, Pakistan, killing at least 60 and injuring 266.[33][34][35]
- September 28 – SpaceX Falcon 1 becomes the world's first privately developed space launch vehicle to successfully make orbit.[36][37]
October
- October 3 – Global financial crisis: U.S. President George W. Bush signs the revised Emergency Economic Stabilization Act into law, creating a 700 billion dollar Treasury fund to purchase failing bank assets.[38]
- October 21 – The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is officially inaugurated. It is a collaboration of over 10,000 scientists and engineers from over 100 countries as well as hundreds of universities and laboratories.[39][40][41][42]
- October 22 – The Indian Space Research Organisation successfully launches the Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft on a lunar exploration mission.[43][44]
November
- November 4 – Democratic U.S Senator Barack Obama is elected the 44th President of the United States, becoming the first African-American President.[45][46][47]
- November 19 – Claudia Castillo of Spain becomes the first person to have a successful trachea transplant using a tissue-engineered organ.[48]
December
- December 5 – Human remains found in 1991 are identified as Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, using DNA analysis.[49]
- December 10 – The Channel Island of Sark, a British Crown dependency, holds its first fully democratic elections under a new constitutional arrangement, becoming the last European territory to abolish feudalism.[50]
- December 18 – The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda finds Théoneste Bagosora and two other senior Rwandan army officers guilty of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes and sentences them to life imprisonment for their role in the Rwandan genocide.[51]
- December 23 – A military coup d'état deposes the government of Guinea shortly after the death of longtime President Lansana Conté.[52]
- December 27 – Israel invades the Gaza Strip in response to rockets being fired into Israeli territory by Hamas and due to weapons being smuggled into the area.[53][54][55]
- December 31 – An extra leap second (23:59:60) is added to end the year. The last time this occurred was in 2005.
Births
Deaths
January
- January 2 – Galyani Vadhana, Princess of Naradhiwas, Princess of Thailand (b. 1923)
- January 3 – Choi Yo-sam, Korean boxer (b. 1972)
- January 10 – Maila Nurmi, Finnish-American actress and television personality (b. 1922)
- January 11 – Edmund Hillary, New Zealand mountaineer, explorer, and philanthropist (b. 1919)
- January 15 – Brad Renfro, American actor (b. 1982)
- January 16 – Nikola Kljusev, 1st Prime Minister of Macedonia (b. 1927)
- January 17 – Bobby Fischer, American-Icelandic chess grandmaster and former World Chess Champion (b. 1943)
- January 19 – Suzanne Leatherette, American actress (b. 1937)
- January 22
- Heath Ledger, Australian actor (b. 1979)
- Claude Piron, Swiss linguist and psychologist (b. 1931)
- January 26 – George Habash, Palestinian politician (b. 1926)
- January 27
- Gordon B. Hinckley, American Mormon leader (b. 1910)
- Suharto, 2nd President of Indonesia (b. 1921)
- January 28 – Archbishop Christodoulos of Athens (b. 1939)
- January 29 – Margaret Truman, American singer and writer (b. 1924)
February
- February 2 – Joshua Lederberg, American molecular biologist and Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1925)
- February 5 – Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, Indian spiritual leader (b. 1917)
- February 7 – Andrew Bertie, British Grand Master of the Order of Malta (b. 1929)
- February 9 – Baba Amte, Indian social activist (b. 1914)
- February 10 – Roy Scheider, American actor (b. 1932)
- February 11
- Alfredo Reinado, East Timorese rebel (b. 1967)
- Tom Lantos, American politician (b. 1928)
- February 12
- Imad Mughniyah, Lebanese militant (b. 1962)
- Badri Patarkatsishvili, Georgian businessman and politician (b. 1955)
- February 13
- Kon Ichikawa, Japanese film director (b. 1915)
- Henri Salvador, French singer (b. 1917)
- February 18 – Alain Robbe-Grillet, French writer and filmmaker (b. 1922)
- February 19
- Natalia Bessmertnova, Russian ballerina (b. 1941)
- Yegor Letov, Russian singer (b. 1964)
- February 23
- Janez Drnovšek, 2nd President and 2nd and 4th Prime Minister of Slovenia (b. 1950)
- Paul Frère, Belgian racing driver (b. 1917)
- February 27
- William F. Buckley Jr., American author and conservative commentator (b. 1925)
- Ivan Rebroff, German singer (b. 1931)
March
- March 1 – Raúl Reyes, Colombian guerrilla (b. 1948)
- March 2 – Jeff Healey, Canadian musician (b. 1966)
- March 3
- Giuseppe Di Stefano, Italian operatic tenor (b. 1921)
- Norman Smith, English singer and record producer (b. 1923)
- March 4 – Gary Gygax, American writer and game designer (b. 1938)
- March 5 – Joseph Weizenbaum, German-American author and computer scientist (b. 1923)
- March 6 – Peter Poreku Dery, Ghanaian cardinal (b. 1918)
- March 14 – Chiara Lubich, Italian Catholic activist (b. 1920)
- March 18 – Anthony Minghella, English film director and screenwriter (b. 1954)
- March 19
- Arthur C. Clarke, English author, inventor, and futurist (b. 1917)
- Hugo Claus, Flemish writer, painter and film director (b. 1929)
- Paul Scofield, English actor (b. 1922)
- March 22 – Adolfo Suárez Rivera, Mexican cardinal (b. 1927)
- March 24
- Neil Aspinall, British record producer and business executive (b. 1942)
- Richard Widmark, American actor (b. 1914)
- March 26 – Manuel Marulanda, Colombian guerrilla (b. 1930)
- March 27 – Jean-Marie Balestre, French sports executive (b. 1921)
- March 30 – Dith Pran, Cambodian-American photojournalist (b. 1942)
- March 31 – Jules Dassin, American film director (b. 1911)
April
- April 3 – Hrvoje Ćustić, Croatian footballer (b. 1983)
- April 5 – Charlton Heston, American actor (b. 1923)
- April 8 – Stanley Kamel, American actor (b. 1943)
- April 10 – Ernesto Corripio y Ahumada, Mexican cardinal (b. 1919)
- April 12 – Patrick Hillery, 6th President of Ireland (b. 1923)
- April 13 – John Archibald Wheeler, American theoretical physicist (b. 1911)
- April 14 – Ollie Johnston, American animator (b. 1912)
- April 15 – Benoît Lamy, Belgian motion picture writer-director (b. 1945)
- April 16 – Edward Norton Lorenz, American mathematician and meteorologist (b. 1917)
- April 17 – Aimé Césaire, French Martinican poet and politician (b. 1913)
- April 29 – Albert Hofmann, Swiss chemist and writer, discoverer of LSD (b. 1906)
May
- May 1 – Anthony Mamo, 1st President of Malta (b. 1909)
- May 2 – Philipp von Boeselager, German military officer (b. 1917)
- May 3 – Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo, Spanish Prime Minister (b. 1926)
- May 8 – François Sterchele, Belgian footballer (b. 1982)
- May 10 – Leyla Gencer, Turkish soprano (b. 1928)
- May 12
- Robert Rauschenberg, American pop artist (b. 1925)
- Irena Sendler, Polish humanitarian (b. 1910)
- May 13
- Saad Al-Abdullah Al-Salim Al-Sabah, 4th Emir of Kuwait (b. 1930)
- Bernardin Gantin, Beninese cardinal (b. 1922)
- May 15 – Willis Lamb, American physicist and Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1913)
- May 23 – Cornell Capa, Hungarian-American photographer (b. 1918)
- May 24 – Rob Knox, British actor (b. 1989)
- May 26 – Sydney Pollack, American actor, director and producer (b. 1934)
- May 28 – Sven Davidson, Swedish tennis player (b. 1928)
June
- June 1
- Yves Saint Laurent, French fashion designer (b. 1936)
- Tommy Lapid, Israeli television presenter, journalist, and politician (b. 1931)
- June 2
- Bo Diddley, American musician (b. 1928)
- Mel Ferrer, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1917)
- June 4 – Agata Mróz-Olszewska, Polish volleyball player (b. 1982)
- June 7 – Dino Risi, Italian director (b. 1916)
- June 8 – Šaban Bajramović, Serbian musician (b. 1936)
- June 9
- Algis Budrys, Lithuanian-American science fiction writer (b. 1931)
- Karen Asrian, Armenian chess grandmaster (b. 1980)
- June 10 – Chinghiz Aitmatov, Kyrgyzstani writer (b. 1928)
- June 11
- Ove Andersson, Swedish rally driver (b. 1939)
- Võ Văn Kiệt, Vietnamese prime minister (b. 1922)
- June 13 – Tim Russert, American journalist (b. 1950)
- June 15 – Stan Winston, American special effects and makeup artist (b. 1946)
- June 17 – Cyd Charisse, American actress and dancer (b. 1922)
- June 18 – Jean Delannoy, French film director (b. 1908)
- June 22 – George Carlin, American author, actor, and comedian (b. 1937)
- June 23 – Arthur Chung, 1st President of Guyana (b. 1918)
- June 24 – Leonid Hurwicz, American economist and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1917)
- June 27 – Sam Manekshaw, Indian Field Marshal (b. 1914)
- June 28 – Ruslana Korshunova, Kazakhstani model (b. 1987)
- June 29 – Don S. Davis, American actor (b. 1942)
July
- July 4
- Jesse Helms, American politician (b. 1921)
- Evelyn Keyes, American actress (b. 1916)
- July 5 – René Harris, former President of Nauru (b. 1947)
- July 11 – Michael E. DeBakey, American surgeon and inventor (b. 1908)
- July 12 – Tony Snow, American political commentator (b. 1955)
- July 13 – Bronisław Geremek, Polish social historian and politician (b. 1932)
- July 15 – György Kolonics, Hungarian canoeist (b. 1972)
- July 16 – Jo Stafford, American singer (b. 1917)
- July 22 – Estelle Getty, American actress (b. 1923)
- July 23 – Kurt Furgler, Swiss politician (b. 1924)
- July 25
- Johnny Griffin, American saxophonist (b. 1928)
- Randy Pausch, American author and computer scientist (b. 1960)
- July 27 – Youssef Chahine, Egyptian film director (b. 1926)
- July 29 – Mate Parlov, Croatian boxer (b. 1948)
August
- August 1 – Harkishan Singh Surjeet, Indian politician (b. 1916)
- August 3 – Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Russian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1918)
- August 9
- Bernie Mac, American actor and comedian (b. 1957)
- Mahmoud Darwish, Palestinian poet (b. 1941)
- August 10 – Isaac Hayes, African-American musician (b. 1942)
- August 11 – Fred Sinowatz, Austrian politician (b. 1929)
- August 13 – Henri Cartan, French mathematician (b. 1904)
- August 15 – Jerry Wexler, American music producer (b. 1917)
- August 16
- Ronnie Drew, Irish singer (b. 1934)
- Masanobu Fukuoka, Japanese microbiologist (b. 1913)
- August 19 – Levy Mwanawasa, 3rd President of Zambia (b. 1948)
- August 20 – Hua Guofeng, Chairman of the Communist Party and Chinese premier (b. 1921)
- August 23 – Thomas Huckle Weller, American virologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1915)
- August 28 – Phil Hill, American race car driver (b. 1927)
September
- September 1 – Don LaFontaine, American voice actor (b. 1940)
- September 6
- Antonio Innocenti, Italian cardinal (b. 1915)
- Anita Page, American actress (b. 1910)
- September 9 – Nouhak Phoumsavanh, 4th President of Laos (b. 1910)
- September 12 – David Foster Wallace, American writer (b. 1962)
- September 15 – Richard Wright, English Keyboardist (b. 1943)
- September 18 – Mauricio Kagel, Argentine composer (b. 1931)
- September 26 – Paul Newman, American actor (b. 1925)
October
- October 1 – Boris Yefimov, Russian political cartoonist (b. 1900)
- October 6 – Paavo Haavikko, Finnish poet (b. 1931)
- October 8 – George Emil Palade, Romanian cell biologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1912)
- October 10 – Alexey Prokurorov, Russian cross-country skier (b. 1964)
- October 11 – Jörg Haider, Austrian politician (b. 1950)
- October 13
- Guillaume Depardieu, French actor (b. 1971)
- Antonio José González Zumárraga, Ecuadorian cardinal (b. 1925)
- Alexei Cherepanov, Russian Hockey Player (b. 1989)
- October 20 – Sœur Emmanuelle, Belgian-born French nun (b. 1908)
- October 25 – Muslim Magomayev, Azerbaijani singer (b. 1942)
- October 26 – Tony Hillerman, American writer (b. 1925)
- October 29 – William Wharton, American author (b. 1925)
- October 31 – Studs Terkel, American author and liberal commentator (b. 1912)
November
- November 1
- Jacques Piccard, Swiss explorer and engineer (b. 1922)
- Yma Sumac, Peruvian soprano (b. 1922)
- November 4
- Michael Crichton, American author and producer (b. 1942)
- Juan Camilo Mouriño, Mexican politician (b. 1971)
- November 9 – Miriam Makeba, South African singer (b. 1932)
- November 10 – Kiyoshi Itō, Japanese mathematician (b. 1915)
- November 12 – Mitch Mitchell, English drummer (b. 1946)
- November 14 – Tsvetanka Khristova, Bulgarian athlete (b. 1962)
- November 22 – Ibrahim Nasir, 2nd President of the Maldives (b. 1926)
- November 27 – Vishwanath Pratap Singh, 7th Prime Minister of India (b. 1931)
- November 29 – Jørn Utzon, Danish architect (b. 1918)
December
- December 1 – Mikel Laboa, Basque singer and songwriter (b. 1934)
- December 2 – Odetta, American singer (b. 1930)
- December 5
- Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow (b. 1929)
- Nina Foch, Dutch-born American actress (b. 1924)
- December 9
- Yury Glazkov, Russian cosmonaut (b. 1939)
- Dražan Jerković, Croatian football player and manager (b. 1936)
- December 11
- Daniel Carleton Gajdusek, American physician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1923)
- Bettie Page, American pin-up model (b. 1923)
- December 12
- Avery Dulles, American Roman Catholic Cardinal (b. 1918)
- Van Johnson, American actor (b. 1916)
- Tassos Papadopoulos, 5th President of Cyprus (b. 1934)
- December 13 – Horst Tappert, German actor (b. 1923)
- December 15 – León Febres Cordero, 35th President of Ecuador (b. 1931)
- December 18
- Majel Barrett, American actress (b. 1932)
- Mark Felt, American FBI agent, "Deep Throat" from the Watergate scandal (b. 1913)
- December 20
- Olga Lepeshinskaya, Russian ballerina (b. 1916)
- Robert Mulligan, American director (b. 1925)
- December 22 – Lansana Conté, 2nd President of Guinea (b. 1934)
- December 24
- Harold Pinter, English playwright (b. 1930)
- Samuel P. Huntington, American political scientist (b. 1927)
- December 25 – Eartha Kitt, American singer and actress (b. 1927)
- December 29 – Freddie Hubbard, American jazz trumpeter (b. 1938)
Nobel Prizes
- Chemistry – Martin Chalfie, Osamu Shimomura, and Roger Y. Tsien
- Economics – Paul Krugman
- Literature – Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio
- Peace – Martti Ahtisaari
- Physics – Makoto Kobayashi, Toshihide Maskawa, and Yoichiro Nambu
- Physiology or Medicine – Françoise Barré-Sinoussi, Harald zur Hausen, and Luc Montagnier
References
- ^ "General Assembly Proclaims 2008 International Year of Languages, in Effort to Promote Unity in Diversity, Global Understanding". United Nations. Archived from the original on November 1, 2008. Retrieved November 2, 2008.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Cyprus and Malta set to join eurozone in 2008, EurActiv
- ^ Akrotiri and Dhekelia adopt the euro, EUbusiness (ISO 4217 code: VEF). Archived July 6, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Mercury Flyby 1". Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. Retrieved January 12, 2008.
- ^ Landler, Mark; Timmons, Heather (January 21, 2008). "Stocks Plunge Worldwide on Fears of a U.S. Recession". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 11, 2008. Retrieved November 21, 2008.
{{cite news}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Eastern Congo peace deal signed". BBC. January 23, 2008. Archived from the original on December 17, 2008. Retrieved August 25, 2016.
{{cite news}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Iran Opens Space Center, Launches Rocket", Associated Press
- ^ "Stocks Plunge on Service Sector Weakness". AFP. Archived from the original on February 8, 2008.
- ^ "Kevin Rudd says sorry". The Sydney Morning Herald. February 13, 2008. Retrieved July 8, 2011.
- ^ "BU.S., Europeans at Security Council Back Kosovo's Independence". Bloomberg L.P. February 17, 2008. Retrieved November 5, 2008.
- ^ James, Ian (March 3, 2008). "Venezuela, Ecuador sending troops to border with Colombia after rebel leader killed". The Seattle Times. Archived from the original on March 10, 2008. Retrieved March 15, 2009.
{{cite news}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Goodman, Joshua (March 1, 2008). "Colombian Rebel Leader Raul Reyes Killed By Army, Minister Says". Bloomberg L.P. Retrieved March 15, 2009.
- ^ "Europe launches its first resupply ship to the ISS". European Space Agency. March 9, 2008. Archived from the original on May 21, 2009. Retrieved March 15, 2009.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Sengupta, Somini (March 25, 2008). "Heavy Turnout in First Bhutan Election". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
- ^ "BBC NEWS | Africa | 'Deadly clashes' in the Comoros". news.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
- ^ "BBC NEWS | UK | UK Politics | Cameron urges aid drops for Burma". news.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
- ^ "Sichuan 2008: A disaster on an immense scale". BBC News. May 9, 2013. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
- ^ "BBC NEWS | Americas | South America nations found union". news.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
- ^ migration (June 10, 2015). "The Asian way to settle disputes". The Straits Times. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
- ^ "Phoenix Mars Mission". Archived from the original on March 4, 2008.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "BBC NEWS | South Asia | Nepal votes to abolish monarchy". news.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
- ^ United Nations Treaty Collection: Convention on Cluster Munitions. Retrieved on 28 March 2009. [dead link]
- ^ MSFC, Jennifer Wall : (May 21, 2015). "What Is the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope?". NASA. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) - ^ "Harper apologizes for residential school abuse". CTV. June 11, 2008. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
- ^ "Spain's Expo 2008 on world water opens". Reuters. June 14, 2017. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
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{{cite web}}
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Falcon rocket success for SpaceX". BBC News. September 29, 2008. Retrieved January 1, 2010.
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- ^ "India launches first Moon mission". BBC News. October 22, 2008. Archived from the original on October 22, 2008. Retrieved October 22, 2008.
{{cite news}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Chandrayaan-1". Archived from the original on June 28, 2011. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Nagourney, Adam (November 4, 2008). "Obama Elected President as Racial Barrier Falls". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 9, 2008. Retrieved November 5, 2008.
{{cite news}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Obama wins historic US election". BBC News. November 5, 2008. Archived from the original on November 6, 2008. Retrieved November 5, 2008.
{{cite news}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Obama inspires historic victory". CNN. November 5, 2008. Archived from the original on December 17, 2008. Retrieved November 5, 2008.
{{cite news}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Roberts, Michelle (November 19, 2008). "FWindpipe transplant breakthrough". BBC News. Archived from the original on January 15, 2010. Retrieved January 1, 2010.
{{cite news}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Экспертиза подтвердила, что найденные останки принадлежат Николаю II" (in Russian). ITAR-TASS. Retrieved December 5, 2008.
- ^ "Sark Election: the candidates". BBC Guernsey. December 9, 2008. Archived from the original on December 12, 2008. Retrieved December 11, 2008.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Trio found guilty of Rwandan genocide". CNN. December 18, 2008. Archived from the original on December 19, 2008. Retrieved December 18, 2008.
{{cite news}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Coup fear as Guinea president dies". CNN. December 24, 2008. Archived from the original on December 24, 2008. Retrieved December 24, 2008.
{{cite news}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Ilene R. Prusher, 'Hamas remains defiant despite pounding' Christian Science Monitor 13 January 2009". Csmonitor.com. January 13, 2009. Retrieved June 5, 2010.
- ^ Bright, Arthur. Israel set to launch ‘limited operation’ in Gaza, Christian Science Monitor, December 26, 2008.
- ^ Rory McCarthy in Jerusalem (September 16, 2009). "Israel rejects war crimes findings of UN Gaza inquiry | World news | guardian.co.uk". The Guardian. London. Retrieved May 8, 2010.
External links
- 2008 Calendar at Internet Accuracy Project