List of monorail systems
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A monorail is a railway system in which the track consists of a single elevated rail, beam or track with the trains either supported or suspended. The term is also used to describe the beam of the system, or the vehicles traveling on such a beam or track. Many monorail systems run through crowded areas that would otherwise require the construction of expensive underground lines or have the disadvantages of surface lines. Aside from mass transit and people mover systems, a large number of smaller monorails have been built in amusement parks and at zoos.
Operational monorails
These are lists of operating monorails that are open to the public. Only true monorails (vehicle wider than track) are included; see people mover for a list of monorail-like systems. There are also other monorail type systems used for human transportation not included, such as slope cars, mining monorails and farm monorails.
Operational monorails - transit, people movers
Systems used primarily for passenger transportation, characterised by enclosed cars, multiple stations and open on a regular basis. Ordered by system length (click headings to re-sort). Monorails associated with amusement parks that have enclosed cabins and multiple stations are generally included here.
| Location | Country | Name | Opened | Stations | Length | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chongqing |  China
|
Line 2 & Line 3, Chongqing Rail Transit | 2005 | 70 | 96.5 km (60.0 mi) | Urban |
| Shanghai | China
|
Shanghai maglev train | 2002 | 2 | 30.5 km (19.0 mi) | Urban |
| Osaka Prefecture |  Japan
|
Osaka Monorail | 1990 | 18 | 28 km (17 mi) | Urban |
| Daegu |  South Korea
|
Daegu Metro Line 3 | 2015 | 30 | 23.9 km (14.9 mi) | Urban |
| Bay Lake, Florida |  US
|
Walt Disney World Monorail (3 lines) | 1971 | 6 | 23.66 km (14.70 mi) | Amusement park |
| Mumbai |  India
|
Mumbai Monorail | 2014 | 17 | 19.54 km (12.14 mi) | Urban |
| Changsha | China
|
Changsha Maglev Express | 2016 | 3 | 18.6 km (11.6 mi) | Urban |
| Tokyo | Japan
|
Tokyo Monorail | 1964 | 11 | 17.8 km (11.1 mi) | Urban |
| Naha, Okinawa | Japan
|
Okinawa Urban Monorail | 2003 | 19 | 17 km (11 mi) | Urban |
| Western Tokyo | Japan
|
Tama Toshi Monorail Line | 1998 | 19 | 16 km (9.9 mi) | Urban |
| Chiba | Japan
|
Chiba Urban Monorail | 1988 | 18 | 15.2 km (9.4 mi) | Urban |
| Wuppertal |  Germany
|
Wuppertal Suspension Railway | 1901 | 20 | 13.3 km (8.3 mi) | Urban |
| São Paulo |  Brazil
|
Line 15 (São Paulo Metro) | 2014 | 10 | 12.8 km (8.0 mi)[1] | Urban |
| Ningxia | China
|
Yungui monorail[2][3] | 2018 | 8 | 9.7 km (6.0 mi) | Other |
| Beijing | China
|
Line S1 (Beijing Subway) (maglev) | 2017 | 7 | 9.1 km (5.7 mi) | Urban |
| Aichi Prefecture | Japan
|
Linimo (maglev) | 2005 | 9 | 8.9 km (5.5 mi) | Urban |
| Kitakyushu | Japan
|
Kitakyushu Monorail | 1985 | 13 | 8.8 km (5.5 mi) | Urban |
| Kuala Lumpur |  Malaysia
|
Kuala Lumpur Monorail | 2003 | 11 | 8.6 km (5.3 mi) | Urban |
| Kanagawa Prefecture | Japan
|
Shonan Monorail | 1970 | 8 | 6.6 km (4.1 mi) | Urban |
| Las Vegas, Nevada | US
|
Las Vegas Monorail | 2004 | 7 | 6.3 km (3.9 mi) | Urban |
| Incheon | South Korea
|
Incheon Airport Maglev | 2016 | 6 | 6.1 km (3.8 mi) | Urban |
| Wolmido | South Korea
|
Wolmi Sea Train | 2019 | 4 | 6.1 km (3.8 mi) | People mover |
| Gold Coast, Queensland |  Australia
|
Sea World Monorail System | 1986 | 3 | 5.6 km (3.5 mi) | Amusement park |
| Dubai |  UAE
|
Palm Jumeirah Monorail | 2009 | 2 | 5.45 km (3.39 mi) | Urban |
| Ashgabat |  Turkmenistan
|
Ashgabat Monorail | 2016[4] | 3 | 5.2 km (3.2 mi) | People mover |
| Bologna |  Italy
|
Marconi Express Monorail | 2020 | 3 | 5.1 km (3.2 mi) | People mover |
| Urayasu | Japan
|
Disney Resort Line | 2001 | 4 | 5 km (3.1 mi) | Amusement park |
| Newark, New Jersey | US
|
AirTrain Newark | 1996 | 8 | 4.8 km (3.0 mi) | Airport |
| Moscow |  Russia
|
Moscow Monorail | 2004 | 6 | 4.7 km (2.9 mi) | Urban |
| Anaheim, California | US
|
Disneyland Monorail System | 1959 | 2 | 4 km (2.5 mi) | Amusement park |
| Jacksonville, Florida | US
|
Jacksonville Skyway | 1989 | 8 | 4 km (2.5 mi) | Urban |
| Dortmund | Germany
|
H-Bahn Monorail | 1984 | 4 | 3.16 km (1.96 mi) | People mover |
| Düsseldorf | Germany
|
Düsseldorf SkyTrain Düsseldorf Airport | 2002 | 4 | 2.5 km (1.6 mi) | Airport |
| Rust | Germany
|
"E.P. Express" Europa-Park | 1995 | 4 | 2.5 km (1.6 mi) | Amusement park |
| Singapore |  Singapore
|
Sentosa Express | 2007 | 4 | 2.1 km (1.3 mi) | Urban |
| Seattle, Washington | US
|
Seattle Center Monorail | 1962 | 2 | 1.54 km (0.96 mi) | Urban |
| Alton Towers |  UK
|
Alton Towers Monorail | 1987 | 2 | 1.4 km (0.87 mi) | Amusement park |
| Aki-ku, Hiroshima | Japan
|
Skyrail Midorizaka Line | 1998 | 3 | 1.3 km (0.81 mi) | People mover |
| Calabar |  Nigeria
|
Calabar Monorail | 2016 | 3[5] | 1.1 km (0.68 mi) | People mover |
| Zaragoza |  Spain
|
Plaza Imperial Monorail[6] | 2008 | 2 | 0.6 km (0.37 mi) | People mover |
| Memphis, Tennessee | US
|
Memphis Suspension Railway Monorail | 1982 | 2 | 0.5 km (0.31 mi) | Other |
| Aiea, Hawaii | US
|
Pearlridge Skycab | 1977 | 2 | 0.3 km (0.19 mi)[7] | People mover |
| Dresden | Germany
|
Dresden Suspension Railway | 1901 | 2 | 0.27 km (0.17 mi) | People mover |
Operational monorails - sightseeing, amusement park rides, zoo monorails
Systems characterised by one station and/or open cabins and that are not primarily for point-to-point transportation. Ordered by country (click headings to re-sort).
| Location | Country | Name | Opened | Stations | Length | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lichtaart |  Belgium
|
Bobbejaanland Monorail[8] | 1961 | 3 | 1.85 km (1.15 mi) | Amusement park |
| Rio Grande do Sul | Brazil
|
Aldeia do Papai Noel Monorail[9] | 2009 | 2 | Amusement Park | |
| Montreal |  Canada
|
La Ronde (amusement park) Minirail | 1967 | 2 | 2.1 km (1.3 mi) | Amusement park |
| Granby | Canada
|
Granby Zoo monorail | 1980 | 1 | 2.1 km (1.3 mi) | Zoo |
| Vaughan | Canada
|
Treetop Adventure, Canada's Wonderland | 1998 | 1 | Other | |
| Shenzhen | China
|
Window of the World Monorail | 1993 | 3 | 1.7 km (1.1 mi) | Amusement park |
| Shenzhen | China
|
Happy Line | 1998 | 7 | 3.88 km (2.41 mi) | Other |
| Liupanshui | China
|
Yeyuhai Monorail | 2019 | 2 | 5.5 km (3.4 mi)[10] | Other |
| Ningbo | China
|
Romon U-Park monorail | 2015[11] | 2[12] | 1.1 km (0.68 mi)[13] | Amusement Park |
| Hunan | China
|
Zhangjiajie National Park monorail[14][15] | 2 | Other | ||
| Xi'an | China
|
Xi'an Qujiang Sightseeing Monorail | 2015 | 11 | 9.6 km (6.0 mi) | Other |
| Xishui | China
|
Xishui Forest Train | 2020 | 5 | 11.5 km (7.1 mi)[16] | Other |
| Shanghai | China
|
"Ocean Shinkansen" (海洋新干线), Happy Valley Shanghai | 1 | Amusement park | ||
| Shanghai | China
|
Jinjiang Action Park (two rides) | 1 (x two) | Amusement park | ||
| Billund |  Denmark
|
Legoland Billund monorail | 1 | Amusement park | ||
| Dubai |  Dubai
|
Adventure Time - The Ride of OOO, IMG Worlds of Adventure | 2016 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Helsinki |  Finland
|
Linnanmäki Monorail (Maisemajuna) | 1979 | 1 | 0.5 km (0.31 mi) | Amusement park |
| Rang-du-Fliers |  France
|
Parc Bagatelle Monorail | 1983 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Sélestat | France
|
Walygator Parc monorail[17] | 1989 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Saint-Pourçain-sur-Besbre | France
|
Voyage over the World, Le Pal | 1996 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Dolancourt | France
|
Dragons Volants, Nigloland | 1996 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Plailly | France
|
Espions de César, Parc Astérix | 1998 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Les Avenières | France
|
Monorail, Walibi Rhône-Alpes | 2017 | 1[18] | Amusement park | |
| Dennebroeucq | France
|
Xotic, Dennlys Parc | 2020 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Lower Saxony | Germany
|
"Einschienenbahn", Rasti-Land | 1978 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Soltau | Germany
|
Heide Park | 1985 | 1 | 1.6 km (0.99 mi) | Amusement park |
| Rust | Germany
|
monorail, Europa-Park | 1990 | 2 | Amusement park | |
| Heroldsbach | Germany
|
"Suspension Railway", Thurn Castle Adventure Park | 1[19] | Amusement park | ||
| Brühl | Germany
|
Würmling Express, Phantasialand | 2010 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Rust | Germany
|
Volo da Vinci, Europa-Park | 2011 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Indramayu Regency |  Indonesia
|
Indramayu Monorail | 2018 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Listowel |  Ireland
|
Lartigue Monorail, (Lartigue restoration) | 2003 | 1 | 1 km (0.62 mi) | Other |
| Ravenna | Italy
|
Mirabilandia Monorail | 1992 | 1 | 1.5 km (0.93 mi) | Amusement park |
| Lazise | Italy
|
Panorama Tram, Movieland park | 2006 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Iya Valley | Japan
|
Oku Iya Valley Tourist Monorail | 2006 | 1 | 4.6 km (2.9 mi)[20] | Other |
| Malacca City, Malacca | Malaysia
|
Melaka Monorail | 2010 | 1 (2 closed) | 2.5 km (1.6 mi) | Other |
| The Hague |  Netherlands
|
Drievliet Amusement Park Monorail | 1968[21] | 1 | 0.2 km (0.12 mi) | Amusement park |
| Hellendoorn | Netherlands
|
Hellendoorn Amusement Park | 1977 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Rhenen | Netherlands
|
Ouwehands Zoo | 1978[22] | 1 | Zoo | |
| Kaatsheuvel | Netherlands
|
The People of Laaf Monorail | 1990 | 1 | 0.45 km (0.28 mi) | Amusement park |
| Hardenberg | Netherlands
|
Slagharen Amusement Park | 1978 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Zator |  Poland
|
Dragon Adventure, Energylandia | 2019 | 1 | Amusement Park | |
| Zator | Poland
|
Magic Flying, Energylandia | 2017 | 1 | Amusement Park | |
| Zator | Poland
|
Planes, Energylandia | 2014 | 1 | Amusement Park | |
| St Petersberg | Russia
|
Around the World, Divo Ostro | 2016 | 1 | Amusement Park | |
| Yalta | Russia/ Ukraine
|
Dandelion Drift, Dreamwood | 2018 | 1 | Amusement Park | |
| Salou & Vila-seca | Spain
|
Coco Piloto, Port Aventura | 2011 | 1 | Amusement Park | |
| Seville | Spain
|
Zum-Zum: Las Abejitas, Isla Mágica | 2012 | 1 | Amusement Park | |
| Johannesburg |  South Africa
|
Johannesburg Exhibition Centre monorail[23] | 2010 | 1 | Other | |
| Daejon | South Korea
|
National Science Museum Maglev Train | 1993 | 1[24] | 1 km (0.62 mi)[25] | Other |
| Mudeungsan | South Korea
|
Mudeungsan Monorail[26] | 2 | Other | ||
| Guanxi |  Taiwan
|
Flying Horse, Leofoo Village Theme Park | 1 | Amusement park | ||
| Dashu District, Kaohsiung | Taiwan
|
E-DA Theme Park Monorail | 2010[27] | 2 | Amusement park | |
| Beaulieu, Hampshire | UK
|
National Motor Museum Monorail | 1974 | 2 | 1.6 km (0.99 mi) | Amusement park |
| Flamingo Land | UK
|
Flamingo Land Zoo Monorail[28] | 1984 | 1 | Zoo | |
| Great Yarmouth Pleasure Beach | UK
|
Great Yarmouth Pleasure Beach Monorail | 1987[29] | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Flamingo Land | UK
|
Flamingo Land People Moover[30] | 1990 | 2 | Amusement park | |
| Ingoldmells | UK
|
Toucan Tours, Fantasy Island | 1995 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Windsor, Berkshire | UK
|
Sky Rider, Legoland Windsor Resort | 1996 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Staffordshire | UK
|
Get Set Go Tree Top Adventure, Alton Towers | 1996 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Romsey | UK
|
Queen's Flying Coach, Paultons Park | 2018 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Fazeley | UK
|
Winston's Whistle Stop Tour, Drayton Manor Theme Park | 2013 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Lancaster, Pennsylvania | US
|
Dutch Wonderland[31] | 1966 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Ocean City, New Jersey | US
|
Gillians Wonderland Pier MonoRail[32] | 1965 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Sacramento, California | US
|
Cal Expo Monorail | 1968 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Hershey, Pennsylvania | US
|
Hersheypark Monorail | 1969[33] | 1 | Amusement park | |
| New York, New York | US
|
"Wild Asia Monorail" Bronx Zoo | 1977 | 1 | 2.6 km (1.6 mi) | Zoo |
| Miami, Florida | US
|
Zoo Miami Monorail | 1984 | 4 | 5 km (3.1 mi) | Zoo |
| Dallas, Texas | US
|
Dallas Zoo Monorail | 1990 | 1 | Zoo | |
| Marshall, Wisconsin | US
|
Little Amerricka monorail | 1990s[34] | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Wildwood, New Jersey | US
|
Flying Galleons, Morey's Piers | 1997 | 1 | Other | |
| Gilroy, California | US
|
"Sky Trail Monorail", Gilroy Gardens | 2001[35] | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Jefferson, New Hampshire | US
|
The Skyway Sleigh, Santa's Village | 1 | Amusement park | ||
| Fairfield, Ohio | US
|
Jungle Jim's International Market Monorail | 2014[36] | 2 | 0.55 km (0.34 mi) | Other |
| Amarillo | US
|
Sky Rider, Wonderland Park (Texas) | 1 | ~800 ft (240 m)[37] | Amusement park | |
| Allentown, Pennsylvania | US
|
Snoopy's Rocket Express, Dorney Park | 2011 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Kansas City, Missouri | US
|
Snoopy's Rocket Express, Worlds of Fun | 2011 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Shakopee | US
|
Snoopy's Rocket Express, Valleyfair | 2011 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Doswell | US
|
Snoopy's Rocket Express Kings Dominion | 2013 | 1 | Amusement park | |
| Da Nang |  Vietnam
|
"Sun World Monorail", Asia Park | 2016[38] | 1 | 1.8 km (1.1 mi) | Amusement Park |
| Ho Chi Minh City | Vietnam
|
Đầm Sen Park monorail | 1 | 2 km (1.2 mi) | Amusement Park |
Under construction
Physical construction work has started on the following monorails:
Africa
| Country | City | Name of system | Opening | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Egypt
|
Cairo | Cairo Monorail | Line 1 opens 2022 | [39] |
| Egypt
|
Cairo | Cairo Monorail | Line 2 opens 2023 | [39] |
Americas
| Country | City | Name of system | Opening |
|---|---|---|---|
| Brazil
|
São Paulo | Line 17 | 2021 |
| Brazil
|
Bahia | SkyRail Bahia | 2022 |
 Panama
|
Panama City, Panama | Line 3, Panama Metro | 2025[40] |
Asia
| Country | City/Region | Name of systems | Opening | references |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| China
|
Qingyuan | Qingyuan Maglev | 2021 | |
| China
|
Fenghuang | Fenghuang Maglev | 2021 | |
| China
|
Enshi City | Enshi Sightseeing Railway | 2021 | [41][42] |
| China
|
Wuhu | Wuhu Metro | Line 1 open 2021, Line 2 open 2021 | [43][44] |
| China
|
Liuzhou | Dayi Air-Rail-project | 2021 | [45][46] |
| China
|
Liuzhou | Liuzhou Metro | 2022 | |
| China
|
Bengbu | Bengbu Metro | 2023 | |
| China
|
Guilin | Guilin Metro | 2025 | |
| China
|
Hancheng | Hancheng to airport | unknown (construction began November 2016) | [47][48] |
| China
|
Shandong | Qufu to Zoucheng | construction halted 2018, 50% complete | [49][50] |
| China
|
Guang'an | Guang'an Metro | unknown, was scheduled for 2020 | [51][52] |
 Iran
|
Qom | Qom Metro Line M | unknown (construction halted 2016) | [53] |
 Saudi Arabia
|
Riyadh | KAFD monorail | unknown | [54] |
 Thailand
|
Bangkok | Yellow Line | 2021-2023 (in stages) | |
| Thailand
|
Bangkok | Pink Line | 2021-2022 (in stages) |
Proposed monorails
Maglev proposals can be found on the list of maglev train proposals.
Americas
United States
- San Fernando Valley to LAX via the Sepulveda Pass, Los Angeles, California. In July 2021 a pre-development agreement was signed with the SkyRail Consortium.[55] (A competing pre-development agreement for a subway was also signed. A selection will be made between these options after the pre-development work is complete.)
- Miami to Miami Beach, Florida. Funding to commence planning was approved in October 2020[56]
- Frederick, Maryland to Shady Grove Metro Station, Maryland, "I-270 Monorail". A feasibility study was released in February 2021 by the Maryland DOT.[57][58]
- Columbus, Ohio. To run along the High Street corridor to link Rickenbacker International Airport with Downtown.[59]
Panama
- Panama Metro Line 9, Panama. Announced in 2016 as part of master plan. In 2018 it was reported the line will be built.[60]
Asia
China
- Zunyi rapid transit system. Approved in 2019. Two lines with 19 stations (22.86 km (14.20 mi)) and 19 stations (27 km (17 mi))
India
- Ahmedabad Dholera SIR Monorail, Gujarat, Approved January 2021. Opening 2–3 years after construction starts.[61][62]
- Chennai Monorail, Chennai. One corridor approved in 2018.
- Hyderabad, Telangana. As of 2018 a line in the 'IT corridor' was under consideration.[63]
- Ranchi, Jharkhand. Approved by the State Government in 2016. As of 2021 its status is unclear.[64]
- Warangal Monorail, Warangal. One corridor approved in 2019.
- Mumbai Maglev, Maharashtra. A 2007 proposal, revived in 2020, for a 55 km (34 mi) elevated line to connect Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (CSTM) and Panvel with a branch line to Navi Mumbai International Airport.[65]
Philippines
- Cebu Monorail. Unsolicited PPP (P3) proposal from 2015. Two lines 17.7 km (11.0 mi) and 9.3 km (5.8 mi). Awaiting government approval.[66]
- Davao People Mover, Davao City. Unsolicited PPP (P3) proposal from 2015.[67] As of March 2019, the line is still waiting for government approval as counter proposals had to be considered.[68]
- Manila Metro Rail Transit System Line 4, Manila. Approved. As of 2020 construction was planned to start in 2021 and the line open in 2025.
Thailand
- MRT Brown Line, Bangkok. In the design phase, expected to tender in 2021
- MRT Grey Line, Bangkok. Included in the 2011 Mass Rapid Transit Master Plan in Bangkok Metropolitan Region, the line is still under consideration.
Vietnam
- Ho Chi Minh City Metro Two lines are included in the 2007 and 2013 master plans for the city, with route lengths of 27.2 km (16.9 mi) and 16.2 km (10.1 mi), respectively.
Europe
United Kingdom
- Liverpool, Merseyside. Originally included as part of the 2007 proposal for Liverpool Waters, it is planned to link to John Lennon Airport. As of 2018 the concept was still being considered but was not connected to the larger project.[69]
- Runcorn, Cheshire. Proposed in 2020 as part of the planned "Heath Park" industrial estate.[70]
Denmark
- MCH Skybus, Herning. Proposed in 2010 as part of MCH's 2025 vision, a monorail system would run between the exhibition centre and the town centre.[71]
Poland
- Rzeszów. 2010 proposal for system of 7 km (4.3 mi).[72] As of 2020 there are still suggestions a monorail may be built.[73]
- Katowice and Sosnowiec to Pyrzowice Airport. In August 2020 it was reported an 18-month study had commenced. The project was opposed as being too expensive.[74]
Ukraine
Oceania
- Brisbane Airport, Australia. Proposed in 2014.[76] As of May 2021 it is still planned as part of a major redevelopment of the airport.[77]
- Nelson City, New Zealand. Proposed in 2018.[78]
Decommissioned
Americas
Brazil
- Rio de Janeiro had a private monorail that linked Barra Shopping mall to its parking lot. Only one part of the track and the platform still remain, in the parking lot (second floor, behind the Fnac dome). [citation needed]
- The Poços de Caldas Monorail was the very first monorail system in Brazil. It operated for 9 years when it went privatized and closed by its buyer. Today the system remains dead.[79]
- São Paulo, Brazil had a project (Line 18) to build a monorail that would connect São Paulo to the neighbour ABC region. It was cancelled and replaced by a BRT system.
- Niterói, Brazil. The proposed monorail had received the go-ahead from Dilma Rousseff to connect Niterói, São Gonçalo, and Itaboraí, before the State considered implementing a heavy metro solution instead.[80][81]
Canada
- Expo 86 in Vancouver, British Columbia had a monorail that was moved to Alton Towers in the United Kingdom.
- The Minirail at Expo 67 in Montreal, which joined Pleasure Beach Blackpool in purchasing rail and rolling stock from the monorail system at the 1964 Lausanne exposition, along with new rail cars from the manufacturer.[82][83]
- The Ontario Southern Railway operated one of the earliest North American monorails between Crystal Beach Park in Crystal Beach, Ontario and the main line railway station (1896–1898).
- Toronto Zoo Domain Ride, Toronto (1976–1994) Though technologically closer to a simple rubber-tired metro, it was almost universally referred to as a monorail.
United States
- The Boynton Bicycle Railroad was a monorail on Long Island, New York, which ran on a single load-bearing rail at ground level with a wooden overhead stabilising rail engaged by a pair of horizontally opposed wheels.
- Tampa International Airport monorail had a 1 km (0.62 mi) from 1991 to 2020 which connected the main terminal on Level 7 to the long-term parking garage. It was replaced by a conventional people mover.
- Busch Gardens Tampa Bay had a monorail, the Veldt Monorail. It shut down in 1999.
- Busch Gardens Williamsburg had a monorail, Eagle One, that connected the theme park with the nearby Anheuser-Busch brewery. Park visitors could tour the brewery and return via monorail. Eagle One was dismantled in the 1990s.
- Busch Gardens California also had a monorail for the brewery tour. It was dismantled upon park closing however the supports still exist to support brewery piping.
- Carowinds operated the Carowinds Monorail from 1973 through 1994.[84]
- The Centennial Monorail was demonstrated at the Centennial International Exhibition of 1876, which was held in Philadelphia (Pennsylvania) to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence.
- The Epsom Salts Monorail was "the fastest moving monorail in the world" when it was built from 1922 to 1924 by Thomas Wright, a florist from Los Angeles, who had discovered magnesium salts southwest of Death Valley.
- HemisFair '68 had a monorail that carried visitors around the pavilions during the six-month event. Over 1 million riders[85] used the monorail, which was designed by Universal Design, Ltd. A collision between two trains on September 15, 1968, resulted in one death and 48 injuries.
- Geauga Lake operated a monorail from 1969 to 2006, named the Bel-Aire Express
- Jetrail, a suspended monorail, was the world's first fully automated monorail system during operation at Dallas Love Field (1969–1974)
- The Trailblazer suspended monorail ran from October 1956 until 1964 at Fair Park in Dallas, Texas. The single monorail car was used in Houston for a demonstration prior to its relocation to the State Fair of Texas.[86]
- Kings Dominion near Richmond, Virginia had a monorail as the conveyance for visitors to its Lion Country Safari attraction, which was removed after the 1993 season.
- State Fair of Oklahoma Monorail, Oklahoma City (1964–2005)
- The Pelham Park and City Island Railroad in the Bronx, New York operated a short-lived monorail system in 1910. It ceased operation after an accident.[citation needed]
- The Philadelphia Zoo had a monorail in the 1970s and 1980s, but was discontinued in the 1990s.
- Miami Seaquarium Spacerail, Miami Seaquarium (1963–1991)
- The Wgasa Bush Line at the San Diego Wild Animal Park near Escondido, California was shut down in March 2007.
- Flushing Meadows–Corona Park in Queens, New York had a monorail during the 1964 New York World's Fair. It was a proof of concept with only one station. It was sponsored by American Machine and Foundry.[87]
- Six Flags Magic Mountain operated a monorail since the park's opening in 1971 and shut down in 2001 and removed in 2007.
- Fairplex operated a monorail built by the American Crane and Hoist company. The middle 90s saw a new station and new cars built by Arrow Dynamics. The new cars were far heavier than the original and caused it to last only a couple of years more until it was dismantled.
- A short lived monorail ran from the Luxor Casino to the Excalibur Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas, built by Arrow Dynamics. After opening in 1994 it was closed and dismantled in 1995 after a number of major issues.[88] It was replaced by a cable hauled tram.
- Santa's Village in Skyforest had another American Crane and Hoist monorail that shut down when the park went defunct.
- The Hotchkiss Bicycle Railroad ran from Smithville to Mount Holly, New Jersey from 1892 to 1897
- The Minnesota Zoo operated a monorail around the grounds of its Apple Valley, Minnesota site from 1979 until 2013.[89]
- Midtown Plaza (Rochester, New York) had an indoor, novelty, suspended monorail, which closed in 2007.[90]
Asia
Hong Kong
- Monorail in Lai Chi Kok Amusement Park, Hong Kong[91][92]
- Monorail in Kai Tak Amusement Park, Hong Kong[93]
India
- Kundala Valley Railway, Munnar, Kerala (1902–1908)
- Patiala State Monorail Trainways, Punjab (1910–1927)
- Skybus Metro, Margao, Goa (2004–2013)
Japan
- "Suspended Train" at the Exhibition of Transportation and Electricity in Osaka, 1928. Operated only for a week, from November 28 until December 3. It was the first monorail in the nation, as well as the only one in the pre-war period.
- Himeji City Monorail Line, Himeji, Hyōgo, Japan (1966–1974)
- Odakyu Mukogaokayuen Monorail Line, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan (1966–2001)
- Monkey Park Monorail Line, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan (1962–2008)
- Nara Dreamland Monorail, Nara Dreamland, Japan (1961–2006)
- Yokohama Dreamland Monorail, Kamakura, Kanagawa, Japan (1966–1967)
- Nagoya City Higashiyama Park Monorail Line, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan (1964–1974)
- Ueno Zoo Monorail, Japan (1958-2019)
Malaysia
- Sunway Monorail, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia. Served Sunway City, including Sunway Pyramid mall and Sunway Lagoon theme park and the surrounding. Decommissioned and partly dismantled to allow mall expansion. It was replaced by BRT Sunway Line.
Singapore
- Sentosa Monorail, Singapore (1982–2005). Replaced by the Sentosa Express monorail.
- Jurong BirdPark Panorail (1991-2012).
Thailand
- Fashion Island Monorail, Bangkok, Thailand. Short indoor amusement park monorail in Fashion Island shopping center. Decommissioned due to an accident that killed 2 riders.
- Tuk-Tuk Monorail, Bangkok. Half indoor-outdoor monorail tour operated between LeoLand amusement park and the water park. The track survives in the 6th floor of Central City Bang Na.
- Chiang Mai Zoo monorail. The 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) opened in 2005 and ceased operations in 2014.[94]
Europe
United Kingdom
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- Liverpool to Manchester Bher monorail, circa 1900[95][96]
- Blackpool Pleasure Beach (relocated from 1964 Lausanne fair in Switzerland, closed in 2012)[97][98]
- Milngavie, near Glasgow, had an experimental high-speed propeller-powered monorail, the Bennie Rail Plane, built during 1929-30 and abandoned during the Great Depression.
- Butlins Skegness Camp, Skegness, United Kingdom (1964–2003) — the first commercial monorail in the UK. Closed at the end of the 2002 season after the track was deemed to be structurally unsafe due to deterioration in the support foundations on the ground.
- Birmingham Airport had a magnetic levitation train which had to be closed down because it became life-expired and lacked spare parts. It was replaced by the cable-propelled Air-Rail Link.
- Lartigue Monorail in Ireland (and France). A restored 1-kilometre (0.62 mi) section now operates in Listowel.
- Safari Skyway, Chessington, United Kingdom (1986–2015). Operated in Chessington World of Adventures.
- Merry Hill Shopping Centre, Brierley Hill, West Midlands had a Von Roll Mk III Series monorail which opened in June 1991 but only worked for a short while before finally being sold off in 1996. The rolling stock now operates in Broadbeach, Queensland, Australia. Reasons for the closure of this system include a combination of technical problems and safety concerns (especially the difficulty of evacuation), exacerbated by a dispute between the owners of Merry Hill and The Waterfront which at this time were owned separately.
- Chester Zoo monorail 1.4 km (0.9 mi), operational 1991 to 2019.[99]
Continental Europe
- Lartigue Monorail in département of Loire, France. A 17 km (11 mi) line was built between Feurs and Panissières. It was never put into service despite completion of the line in 1895 after it failed during testing in both 1895 and 1896. The track and equipment were scrapped in 1902.
- Russia had one suspended monorail built in 1899 at a leisure park in Gatchina. A horse-pulled monorail was already built in 1820 in Myachkove near Moscow.
- France has two abandoned test tracks for the Aérotrain, which can be considered monorails. One is between Limours and Gometz-la-Ville and the other between Saran and Artenay. France also had a suspended monorail the SAFEGE that featured in the film Fahrenheit 451.
- Phantasialand: Phantasialand Jet (1974-2008), closed and removed. Manufacturer was the German theme park ride manufacturer Schwarzkopf.
- Seville Expo '92
- Emsland test facility, Germany: test track for the Transrapid Maglev.
Oceania
- Sydney Monorail (also known as Metro Monorail), Sydney, Australia (closed on 30 June 2013)[100]
- Brisbane, Queensland had a Von Roll Type II monorail built for World Expo '88. Four sets, consisting of nine carriages each, operated in a continuous loop throughout the Expo site. A single train set and some track was sold to Sea World, Gold Coast, in 1989 for expansion of its monorail system. The remainder of the sets and track were bought back by Von Roll.
- Oasis Shopping Centre, Broadbeach, Queensland ran between the shopping centre and Conrad Jupiters Casino. The Von Roll Mark III monorail, owned by the Oasis Shopping Centre, consisted of two 4-carriage trains. Two spare carriages that were removed when the system switched from 5-carriage to 4-carriage trains were also kept with the two trains. Most components were original to the Oasis Monorail, but some were sourced from the UK Merry Hill Shopping Centre's former monorail that closed in 1993. As of July, 2017, most of the monorail system has been removed (closed on 29 January 2017).[101]
Cancelled or lapsed proposals
Americas
South America
- Arequipa, Peru. 2013 proposal.[102] Rejected in 2016.[103]
- Niterói, Brazil. The proposed monorail had received the go-ahead from Dilma Rousseff to connect Niterói, São Gonçalo, and Itaboraí, before the State considered implementing a heavy metro solution instead.[80][81]
- Buenos Aires, Argentina. Proposals in 1998 and 2012.[104] Neither has materialized.
Canada
- Wasaga Beach, Ontario, Canada. A 2007 proposal for a 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) monorail to connect the beach front to a carpark. Plans were abandoned after a fire at the end of 2007.
United States
- In 2005, as part of the DestiNY USA project in Syracuse, a monorail was proposed from Syracuse University to Syracuse Hancock International Airport via downtown and the DestiNY complexes is planned.[105]
- Lubbock, Texas monorail was proposed in 2014, to connect Texas Tech with the downdown area.[106] As of 2020 there is no other mention of the plan except the original suggestion.
- California–Nevada Interstate Maglev[107] proposed in the 2000s and cancelled about 2012. A high speed railway is being considered for the route.
- Chicago, Navy Pier - a 2006 proposal to run a monorail down the length of the pier.[108][109] As of 2021 the plans seems to have lapsed.
- Nashville to Murfreesboro, Tennessee monorail - a 2014 plan to build a monorail on the I-24 corridor between the cities. The Tennessee Department of Transportation completed an assessment report in 2015 but the project has not proceeded.[110][111]
Central America and the Caribbean
- Sherbourne Conference Centre Monorail, Saint Michael, Barbados was proposed in 2008[112][113]
Asia
Bangladesh
- Dhaka Monorail, Dhaka, Bangladesh was a 2002 planned 51-kilometre (32-mile) system. The Dhaka Metro Rail (under construction) and the Dhaka Subway are both planned to use railway technology.[114]
Hong Kong
India
- Ahmedabad Monorail, Ahmedabad. Was a 2011 plan to build a 30 kilometres (19 mi) system for the city.
- Aizawl Monorail, Aizawl. 2011 memorandum of understanding signed. As of 2021 its status is unclear.
- Delhi Monorail, New Delhi. In 2008 the government planned to have 50 km (31 mi) of monorail by 2020 but as of 2021 there are no plans.
- Indore Monorail, Indore. 2010 proposal. As of 2021 its status is unclear.
- Kanpur Monorail, Kanpur. 2010 proposal. As of 2021 its status is unclear.
- Kolkata Monorail, Kolkata. numerous proposal. As of 2021 their status is unclear.
- Madurai Monorail, Madurai. 2010 proposal. As of March 2021 it is only on paper.
- Patna Monorail, Patna. 2010 proposal. As of 2021 its status is unclear.
- Pune Monorail, Pune. 2010 proposal. As of 2021 its status is unclear.
- Shimla, Himachal Pradesh. 2018 proposal.[115] The project was ruled out in 2021.[116]
- Tiruchirappalli Monorail, Trichy. 2010 proposal. As of March 2021 it is only on paper.
Iran
- Tehran Monorail, Tehran. Project cancelled in 2010 after completion of 3% of construction work.[117]
Indonesia
- Jakarta Monorail, Jakarta Construction started but project cancelled in 2015 by the Governor of Jakarta in favour of the Jabodebek LRT.
Malaysia
- Putrajaya Monorail, Construction halted since 2004. In 2020 the government announced it had open a request for proposals process to complete the project.[118]
Sri Lanka
- Colombo Monorail, Colombo, Sri Lanka proposed in 2015. A light rail system was chosen as the preferred option but was not constructed either.
Turkey
- Istanbul Monorail, plans cancelled in 2017.
Europe
- Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 'Tren Vertebrado'; Construction commenced but the project was abandoned. Disassembled 1975[119]
- Thessaloniki Monorail, Greece, was a proposed monorail line that will start at Mikra Station and end at Makedonia International Airport. An extension of the metro to the airport is now being planned.
- Manchester Monorail, a 16-mile (26 km) SAFEGE-type monorail proposed in 1966 for Manchester, UK, to run across the city to Manchester Airport[120][121]
- Preston Monorail, United Kingdom[122]
Africa
- Aba, Nigeria. A 2012 proposed. The plan was criticised as potentially a scam since the private company had no experience in developing monorails.[123] The same private firm was to develop the Onitsha monorail (see below). As of 2021 there is no information that the proposal progressed passed the signing of a memorandum of understanding.
- Lagos, Nigeria. Proposed in 2008.[124] The Red line on the Lagos Rail Mass Transit was built as a railway instead
- Onitsha, Nigeria. A 2011 proposal with the first stage of producing a feasibility study.[125][126] As of 2021 no further developments appear to have occurred.
- Rivers Monorail in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Construction abandoned[127]
See also
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