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Greater Mumbai Police

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Mumbai Police
मुंबई पोलिस
Logo of the Mumbai Police
Logo of the Mumbai Police
Abbreviation(मु.पो)
Motto" सद्रक्षणाय खालनीघ्रहणाय"
"Sadrakshnāya Khālanīghrahanāya"
(Sanskrit:"To protect good and to Punish evil")
Agency overview
Formed1661/1669[citation needed]
Employees40,914
Jurisdictional structure
Operations jurisdictionMumbai, India
Mumbai Police jurisdictional area
Size603.4 km² (233 sq mi)
Population13,662,885
General nature
Operational structure
HeadquartersThe Office of Commissioner of Police
Elected officer responsible
Agency executive
Parent agencyMaharashtra Police
Facilities
Stations89
Boats10~15
Website
www.mumbaipolice.org

The Mumbai Police (Marathi मुंबई पोलिस) (also known as Brihanmumbai Police) is the police force of the city of Mumbai, India. It has the primary responsibilities of law enforcement and investigation within the limits of Mumbai. The department's motto is "Sadrakṣaṇāya Khālanīghrahaṇāya" (Sanskrit: सद्रक्षणाय खालनीघ्रहणाय, "To protect the good and to punish the evil"). Although considered one of the best police forces in the world for solving high profile, high stakes crimes, Mumbai police is also thought to be influenced by local politicians.

It is headed by the Commissioner of Mumbai Police, who is generally an Indian Police Service (IPS) officer. The current commissioner is D. Sivanandan.

History

Origins

During 17 century, the area of present day Mumbai was under Portuguese control. The Portuguese established a basic law enforcement structure in this area, with the establishment of a Police out-post in 1661.[1]

In 1669 East India Company acquired Mumbai from Portuguese. The origins of the present day Mumbai police can be traced back to a militia organised by Gerald Aungier, the then Governor of Mumbai in 1669. This Bhandari Militia was composed of around 500 men and was head quartered at Mahim, Sewree and Sion. In 1672, the judicial overview of police decisions by courts was introduced. The situation remained unchanged through the Maratha wars.[2] However, by 1682, policing remained stagnant - there was only one ensign for the whole Bhandari militia, and there were only three sergeants and two corporals.[1]

Creation and early days

On 29 March 1780, the office of the Lieutenant of Police was dissolved and on its place, an office of Deputy of Police was created. James Tod, the then Lieutenant of Police, was appointed as the first Deputy of Police on 5 April 1780. Subsequently, the designation was changed to "Deputy of Police and High Constable".[1]

In 1793, Act XXXIII, Geo. III was promulgated. The post of Deputy of Police was abolished and a post of Superintendent of Police was created in its place, with a Deputy of Superintendent of Police assisting him. Mr. Simon Halliday was the first Superintendent of Police, and governed till 1808. During this time, a thorough revision and re-arrangement of policing in the area outside the Fort was carried out. The troublesome area known as "Dungree and the Woods" was split up into 14 Police divisions, each division being staffed by two English constables and a varying number of Peons (not exceeding 130 for the whole area), who were to be stationary in their respective charges and responsible for dealing with all illegal acts committed within their limits.[1]

Post-1857

A Bombay Policeman during the 19th century
Mumbai Police Headquarters in a heritage Gothic-style building.

After the cementing of English Rule in India after the 1857 Mutiny, in 1864, the three Presidency towns of Bombay, Calcutta and Madras were given Commissioners of Police. On 14 December 1864, Sir Frank Souter was appointed the first Police Commissioner of Bombay. He remained in office for 24 years, till July 3, 1888. During that year (1864), Khan Bahadur Sheikh Ibrahim Sheikh Imam became the first Indian appointed to a police officer's post.[2]

In 1896 the Commissioner's office moved to an Anglo-Gothic revival building, which it still occupies to this day. The Police Headquarters building is a protected heritage site.

Pre-independence

After 1947

After independence, many changes to the Mumbai Police were instituted. On 15 August 1947, J.S. Bharucha became the first Indian head of the Bombay Police, taking over from the last British Commissioner, Mr. A.E. Caffin.[1]

A dog squad was set up in 1965. Computers were first used by the Bombay police in 1976. A Narcotics Cell and an anti-terrorist special operations squad were created in 1989. In 1995, the control room was computerised, and finally, in 1997, the Mumbai Police went online.[2]

Modernisation and present day

Massive modernisation of Mumbai Police was done during 2005. New vehicles, guns and electronic equipment were procured for police use. The Tourist Squad was also created to patrol the beaches of Mumbai. On 30 May 2009 the Maharashtra government in Mumbai set up a police station dedicated to tackling cyber crime. It is third such facility in India after Bangalore and Hyderabad. The dedicated police station will now register first information report on its own and investigate the offences pertaining to cyber space. The police station will take care of all cyber cases in the city including that of terror e-mails. The existing Cyber Crime Investigation Cell of the city police probes cyber offences, but the FIRs are registered in local police stations depending on the site of the offence. A specially trained team of over 25 policemen, headed by an Assistant Commissioner of Police (ACP), has been selected for the new job. The facility will function under the supervision of Deputy Commissioner of Police (Preventive) and Joint Commissioner of Police (Crime).[3]

Jurisdiction & duties

Organisation

The Mumbai Police is headed by a Police Commissioner, who is an IPS officer. The Mumbai Police comes under the state Home Ministry. The city is divided into Eleven police zones and Twenty Five traffic police zones, each headed by a Deputy Commissioner of Police. The Traffic Police is a semi-autonomous body under the Mumbai Police.[4]

Geographical division

Mumbai Police Has total 89 Police Stations in its Jurisdiction. For Administrative purpose Mumbai police is divided in to 12 Zones and one additional Port Zone. Police stations under Port Zone keep vigil on the Mumbai Port. Each Zone contains 3 to 4 Police Stations. Broadly Mumbai police is divided in to five regions namely Central, North, South, East and West. Each Region having 3 to 4 Zones.[5] The in charge of each zone is a DCP. And In charge of Police station is Police Inspector commonly known as Sr. Police Inspector which is an honorary designiation.

Hierarchy

Main article: Police ranks and insignia of India
Police Inspector in Mumbai Police
Rank structure of the Mumbai Police
Rank Abbreviation Strength Notes
Commissioner of Police CP 1 Insignia of a Lieutenant-General
Joint Commissioner of Police JCP 5 Insignia of a Major-General
Additional Commissioner of Police ADL.CP 12 Insignia of a Brigadier
Deputy Commissioner of Police DCP 38 Insignia of a Colonel
Deputy Commissioner of Police DCP Insignia of a Lieutenant-Colonel
Additional Deputy Commissioner of Police ADL.DCP Insignia of a Major
Assistant Commissioner of Police ACP 124 Insignia of a Captain
Police Inspector PI 977 Insignia of a Captain with two red stripes beneath; 89 of them are Senior.PI
Assistant Police Inspector API 756
Police Sub Inspector PSI 2850 Insignia of a Subedar
Assistant Sub Inspector ASI 3329 Insignia of a Naib Subedar
Head Constable HC 8146 Insignia of a Havildar
Senior Police Constable PN 6010 Insignia of a Naik
Police Constable PC 18666 No insignia except khaki uniform; Similar to Sepoy

[6]

Recruitment

Mumbai Police Headquarters

Those who join the police force through the constabulary exam enter the force at the lowest rungs of the force. Their starting rank is that of a Police constable. Those who join the Police force through the state examination (Maharashtra state Public Service Commission) hold a starting rank of Assistant Sub Inspector of Police. Those who join the police force through the civil service examination (UPSC) also known as the IPS exam hold a starting rank of Deputy Commissioner of Police less than 10 years of service. Generally the IPS officers make it to the higher ranks of Joint Commissioner of Police or Commissioner of Police. The Commissioner of Police for Mumbai also holds the rank of Additional Director General of Police Maharashtra.

Subunits

Mumbai Police is divided into the following units:

  • Crime Branch
  • Cyber Cell
  • Mumbai Encounter Squad
  • Detection Unit
  • Anti Terrorist Squad
  • Law and Order
  • Traffic Police
  • Administration
  • Social Service Cell
  • Narcotics Cell
  • Wireless Cell
  • Local Armed Police
  • Anti Robbery Squad
  • Anti-Extortion Cell
  • Modus Operandi Bureau
  • Missing Persons Bureau
  • Special Branch
  • Protection & Security
  • Riot Control Police
  • Economic Offences Wing
  • Juvenile AID Protection Unit
  • Quick Response Team

Each of these units have a commander who officially hold the rank of Joint Commissioner of Police.

Operations

High profile cases

26 November 2008 Mumbai attacks

Main article: 26 November 2008 Mumbai attacks
  • Anti-Terrorism Squad Chief: Hemant Karkare, Additional Commissioner of Police Ashok Kamte and Encounter specialist Vijay Salaskar died while operating against Terrorists. In the following year, as a response to these attacks, a specialized counter-terrorism unit, Force One was formed and commissioned on November 24, 2009, two day before the anniversary of 26/11 terror attacks.

Equipment

Weapons

Rifles SMLE Mk III*, Ishapore 2A1,SUB Machine GUN CARBINE 9 mm 1A1, 7.62 MM 1A1, Assault Rifle 7.62 mm, 38 MM Multi Shot Riot Gun, INSAS 5.56 mm, AK-47, FN-FAL

250 MP5 German automatic assault rifles have just been ordered. [1]

Pistols Glock pistol, PISTOL AUTO 9 mm 1A.

Detail List of Mumbai police's Vehicles

C.P.Pool Mumbai Brakeup wise Vehicle Fleet[7]
Sr.No. Vehicle Category wise Total Vehicle Fleet
1 Special Purpose Vehicle 49
2 Big Vehicle 206
3 Light Vehicle 282
4 Jeep Category 906
5 Car Category 155
6 Motor Cycle 1403
Total 3055

36 speed boats have been ordered. [2]

Bollywood, India's Hindi film industry being primarily located in Mumbai, the Mumbai Police has been frequently portrayed in films:

Sarfarosh is also film on police life.

Most of these films are based on the operational sqauds most commonly known as Encounter Squads. Officers like Pradeep Sharma, Vijay Salaskar, Daya Nayak, Sachin Waze have headed these squads. They are also known as demolition men.

Contact numbers

  • Emergency Number: 100, 22625052, 22621983, 22651855

Helpline No. :- 1090

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Mumbai Police - History at the Mumbai Police Website
  2. ^ a b c Mumbai Police Force History on TIFR website.
  3. ^ http://www.ndtv.com/news/india/cyber_crime_police_station_in_mumbai.php
  4. ^ "MUMBAI POLICE: CUSTODIANS OF YOUR TRUST". Mumbai Police. Retrieved 2008-01-27.
  5. ^ Mumbai Police - About Us
  6. ^ http://www.mumbaipolice.org/aboutus/hierarchy.htm
  7. ^ http://mahapolice.gov.in/
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