Toyota Celica

Second generation (A40/A50)
Second generation (A40/A50)
	1979–1981 Toyota Celica Liftback 2000 LT (RA40, Australia)
Overview
Production	August 1977 – July 1981
Designer	David Stollery
Body and chassis
Class	Sports car
Body style	2-door notchback coupé; 3-door liftback coupé;
Layout	Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive
Related	Toyota Supra (A40, A50); Toyota Carina (A40, A50);
Powertrain
Engine	1588 cc 2T & 2T-G I4 (TA40/45); 1588 cc 12T I4 (TA41); 1770 cc 3T I4 (TA42); 1770 cc 13T I4 (TA46/47); 1968 cc 18R & 18R-G I4 (RA40/45/55); 1972 cc 21R I4 (RA46); 2189 cc 20R I4 (RA42); 2366 cc 22R I4 (RA43);
Transmission	3-speed A40 automatic ('78–'80); 4-speed A40D automatic ('81); 5-speed W50 manual; 5-speed W55 manual ('81);
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2,500 mm (98.4 in)
Length	4,410 mm (173.6 in)
Width	1,640 mm (64.6 in)
Height	1,310 mm (51.6 in)
Curb weight	1,055 kg (2,326 lb)

First generation (A20/A30)
First generation (A20/A30)
	Toyota Celica coupe 1600 GT (TA22, Japan)
Overview
Production	December 1970 – July 1977
Body and chassis
Class	Sports car
Body style	3-door liftback coupé; 2-door hardtop;
Layout	Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive
Related	Toyota Carina
Powertrain
Engine	1.4 L T I4; 1.6 L 2T/2T-B I4; 1.6 L 2T-G Twin Cam I4; 1.9 L 8R I4; 2.0 L 18R I4; 2.0 L 18R-G Twin Cam I4; 2.2 L 20R I4;
Transmission	4-speed W40 manual; 5-speed W50 manual; 3-speed A40 automatic;
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2,407 mm (94.75 in)
Length	4,170 mm (164.2 in)
Width	1,600 mm (63.0 in)
Height	1,300 mm (53 in)
Curb weight	890–1,186 kg (1,962–2,615 lb)

Toyota Celica
Toyota Celica
	2004 Toyota Celica GT-S with Action Package body kit (ZZT231, USA)
Overview
Manufacturer	Toyota
Production	December 1970 – April 2006
Model years	1971–2006
Assembly	Japan: Toyota, Aichi (Tsutsumi plant); Tahara, Aichi (Tahara plant); Susono, Shizuoka (Higashi-Fuji plant)
Body and chassis
Class	Sports car
Body style	2-door notchback coupé (1970–1999); 3-door liftback coupé (1973–2006); 2-door convertible (1981–1999);
Layout	Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive (1970–1985); Front-engine, front-wheel-drive (1985–2006); Front-engine, four-wheel-drive (GT-Four, 1986–1999);

The Toyota Celica (/ˈsɛlɪkə/ or /sɛˈliːkə/) (Japanese: トヨタ・セリカ, Hepburn: Toyota Serika) is an automobile produced by Toyota from 1970 until 2006. The Celica name derives from the Latin word coelica meaning heavenly or celestial.^[3] In Japan, the Celica was exclusive to the Toyota Corolla Store dealer chain. Produced across seven generations, the Celica was powered by various four-cylinder engines, and bodystyles included convertibles, liftbacks, coupés and notchback coupés.

In 1973, Toyota coined the term liftback to describe the Celica fastback hatchback, and used the name Liftback GT for the North American market.^[4]^[5]^[6] Like the Ford Mustang, the Celica concept was to attach a coupe body to the chassis and mechanicals from a high volume sedan, in this case the Toyota Carina.^[7] Some journalists thought it was based on the Corona due to some shared mechanical parts.^[6]

The first three generations of North American market Celicas were powered by variants of Toyota's R series engine. In August 1985, the car's drive layout was changed from rear-wheel drive to front-wheel drive, and all-wheel drive turbocharged models were offered from 1986 to 1999. Variable valve timing came in certain Japanese models starting from December 1997 and became standard in all models from the 2000 model year. In 1986, the six-cylinder Celica Supra variant was spun off as a separate model, becoming simply the Supra. Lightly altered versions of the Celica were also sold through as the Corona Coupé through the Toyopet dealer network in the 1980s and as the Toyota Curren through the Vista network in the 1990s.

The Toyota Celica Liftback GT won Motor Trend Car of the Year (Imported Vehicle) in 1976.

First generation (A20, A30; 1970–1977)

Displayed at the October 1970 Tokyo Motor Show^[9] together with the Toyota Carina^[10] and marketed from December of the same year, the Celica was a two-door hardtop coupé that emphasized styling and driving enjoyment. Based on a platform shared with the Carina sedan^[7] which is one size above the Toyota Corolla, and a shared size with the Toyota Corona, according to Automobile Magazine, the Celica was based on the Corona platform.^[6]

This car was aimed at the North American market and was Toyota's response to the 1964½ Ford Mustang (Pony car) which also was a standard sedan (Ford Falcon) with stylized 2+2 bodywork.^[11]^[6]

In Japan where different dealer chains handle different models the Celica was exclusive to Toyota Corolla Store Japanese dealerships. The Celica filled a market position previously held by the 1965–1969 Toyota Sports 800, when Toyota Corolla Store locations were previously known as Toyota Public Store then renamed in 1966 as Toyota Corolla Store.

The initial trim levels offered were ET (1.4L 4-speed), LT, ST (1.6L 5-speed) and GT (1.6L 5-speed) with GTV added in 1972. For export markets the Celica was available in three different levels of trim; LT, ST, GT.

At its introduction the Celica was only available as a pillarless hardtop notchback coupé, adopting "coke bottle styling". The prototype SV-1 Liftback was shown as a concept car at the 1971 Tokyo Motor Show & with slight modifications this was introduced in Japan in April 1973 as the 2.0L RA25 (18R-G) and 1.6L TA27 (2T-G)

The Liftback model was then exported to many Asian countries and Europe in RHD form as the RA28 or TA28 with either a 18R 2.0-liter or 1.6-liter 2T-B engine. After the October 1975 facelift it was available in both RHD and LHD forms in other markets. The RV-1 "concept" wagon was also shown at the 1971 Tokyo Motor Show but it did not reach production.

The Japanese domestic market GT models had various differences from the ET, LT and ST including the hood flutes, power windows, air conditioning and specific GT trim but shared a few things with the ST—a full-length center console and oil pressure/ammeter gauges—while the LT had warning lights for these functions. With the exception of the American market, the GT had a 1600 cc 2T-G twincam engine or a 2000 cc 18R-G, not available on the ET, LT or ST and always had 5-speed manual gearboxes. Typically for the Japanese market GTs had 18R-G motors that were mated to a Porsche designed closer ratio P51 5 speed gearbox whereas export models had the W-50. For the American market only the GT had only a single cam engine (2000 cc 18R or 2200 cc 20R) with a choice of automatic or 4 speed manual gearboxes on early models then upgrading to the W-50 5 speed in 1974–1977.

There was also the GTV version (2T-G), which introduced in 1972 with slightly less luxurious interior than the GT to reduce weight. The GTV came with the same motor but with a thicker front sway bar & firmer suspension for better handling. Later in 1973 Japanese GTVs had a roof console "OK" monitor with a map light and a cluster of trouble indicators which detected blown brake bulbs, brake fluid level, main fuse & a floor console engine oil temperature gauge.

The first-generation Celicas can be further broken down into two distinctive models. The first of these was the original with slant nose (trapezoid-like shape front corner light). This is for coupe model only, TA22, RA20, RA21 & RA22. These models were produced from 1970 to 1975 and came equipped with the 2T, 2T-G 1.6 liter, or 18R 2.0 liter motor. They had a 95 inches (2,400 mm) wheelbase.

The second series had a flat nose (square front corner light) and slightly longer wheelbase (98 in or 2,500 mm wheelbase). This facelift model appeared in Japan in 1974 but for export was the 1975 model year being TA23, RA23, RA24, RA25, RA28, TA28 & RA29. The Japanese version had engines under 2.0 liters so as to conform to Japanese regulations concerning engine displacement size, thereby allowing buyers to avoid an additional tax for a larger engine. Japanese buyers did pay a higher annual road tax for engines over 1.5 liters while staying under the 2.0 liter threshold.

In some markets, the lower-end LT was equipped with the single carbureted four-cylinder 2T engine displacing 1600 cc, while the ST came with a twin Solex downdraft carburetor 2T-B engine. The 2T-G that powered the high-end GT / GTV model was a DOHC 1600 cc engine equipped with twin Mikuni-Solex Carburetors.

The first Celica for North America, 1971 ST was powered by 1.9 liter 8R engine. The 1972–1974 models have 2.0 liter 18R-C engines. For 1975–77, the engine for the North American Celica is the 2.2 liter 20R. The Celica GT and LT models were introduced in the US for the 1974 model year. The top-line GT included a 5-speed W-50 manual transmission, rocker panel GT stripes and styled steel wheels with chrome trim rings. The LT was marketed as an economy model. 1974 saw minor changes in the Celica's trim and badges and slightly different wheel arches, the earlier 1971–73 arches commonly referred to as thin lipped and the later 1974–77 as flat lipped.^{[citation needed]} The North American Celica was equipped with federally mandated safety equipment such as an energy-absorbing steering column and seat belts. These were optional in some overseas markets.^[12]

The A40 automatic transmission became an option on North American ST and LT models starting in the 1973 model year. For 1975 the 1974 body was used and sturdier chrome and black rubber bumper bars with horizontally mounted shock absorber mounts (Volvo style) replaced the chrome bumpers used in the earlier cars (in accordance with US Federal bumper laws) mandating impacts without minor damage at 5 mph (8.0 km/h).^[13] Unfortunately the early 8R and 18R series engines proved to be less than durable, with early failures common. The 1974 18R-C engine's durability was improved somewhat, but the 20R introduced for 1975 proved to be a better engine in most respects.

1972 update

In August 1972 the tail lights were updated from one-piece tail lights (affectionately called one-tail or flat lights) to tail lights with distinctive raised brake & turn signal "bubble" lenses. The rear center panel was also redesigned as the fuel tank was moved from the trunk bottom to behind the rear seats and the fuel filler was moved from a concealed location between the tail lights to the left "C" pillar. Other changes included changes to the front and rear badges, the relocation of the towing hooks, changes to the color of the wing mirrors (on cars equipped with sports type mirrors) and changes to the centre console on ST and GT models.^[14]

1974 update

In 1974, for the 1975 model year, the North American spec Celica retained the earlier body but received federally mandated 5 mph bumpers front and rear. Body-color urethane panels filled in the spaces previously occupied by the smaller chrome bumpers. This style of bumpers were used in North America until the end of this generation in 1977. Japan also used these bumpers for the Liftback GT, but not lesser grades or the coupe, from 1976 to 1977.

Other changes done during the 1974 model year included the introduction of flared wheel arches, another change in the style of the badges and the introduction of a new style of rear quarter vents. For the Japanese market, the cars also featured a different front end treatment with the introduction of a flat front section (similar to, but not interchangeable with later model Celica,).^[14]

1976 update

1976 brought the largest update to the model. The wheelbase of the car was increased and the car featured various difference both externally and internally. Externally the most noticeable difference is the flat front end (similar to earlier JDM models), the elimination of the removable hood vents (replaced by vents formed in the hood pressing) and the single cowl vent which replaced the twin vents on earlier models. Internally the cars also feature a different dash, seats and carpets. The liftback version also included these changes.^[14]

Liftback

The fastback-styled hatchback, called the Liftback by Toyota, was introduced for the Japanese market in April 1973 but not until July 1974 for export models.^[6]^[15] Models for the Japanese domestic market Liftback were the 1600 ST, 1600 GT (TA27), 2000 ST, and 2000 GT (RA25 and RA28). The North American liftback (RA29) was only offered with a 2.2-liter 20R engine for the 1976 and 1977 model year. All the liftback models have flat noses. Although there is no "B" pillar in the Liftback, the rear quarter windows are fixed in place and do not roll down (as they do in the hardtop coupe).

The Liftback was often called the Japanese Mustang or the Mustang Celica.^[15] It had fastback styling similarities to the 1968 Ford Mustang, as seen in the film Bullitt, including C-pillar louvers and the vertical bar tail lights that are a signature Mustang styling cue and pay overall homages to the muscle-car era.^[16]^[6]

Facelift export models

From its 1971 introduction in North America until the 1973 model year, the Celica retained its original styling and trim, and was sold only in ST trim. The tri-color taillights with the "bubble" style arrived for 1973, and continued into early 1974. Mid-1974, the trim was slightly revised. The original Celica quarter panel script was changed to a bold block-letter font, the "C" pillar trim was restyled with a more modern look, and GT logos switched to a bold serif font. The GT was the first American Celica to include a 5-speed overdrive transmission as standard, along with an FM/AM radio, leather-wrapped 4-spoke steering wheel, GT rocker panel stripes, styled steel wheels with bright trim rings, and 70-series radial tires. 1974 saw the introduction of the LT to North America. It was similarly equipped as the ST and lasted through the 1975 model year.

For the 1975 model year, U.S. spec Celicas retained the 1974 body but received federally mandated 5-mph bumpers front and rear. Body-color urethane panels filled in the spaces previously occupied by the smaller chrome bumpers.

In October 1975, the entire Celica lineup was given a facelift with a revised front bumper and grille. The new model codes for facelift hardtop coupe were RA23 for the general worldwide market with an 18R engine or RA24 for America with a 20R engine. The Liftbacks were coded RA28 and TA28 (global markets) or RA29 for the US. Also available was the TA23, which was similar to the RA23 but with the 2T engine and the TA28 offered with the 2T-B.

The Celica RA23, TA23, RA28, and TA28 had a more distinctive bulged hood which was lacking in the TA22 or RA20/21 coupé and in the TA27 and RA25 Liftback but was factory in 1975 on the North American RA22 Celica to accommodate the larger 20R motor. The TA22 Celica also had removable vents mounted in the hood which the RA23 and RA28 lacked, while the TA27 and RA25 models had three raised fluted vents inset into the hood. The RA series also had an elongated nose to accommodate the larger engine. The hood vents, fuel filler cap and interior options were also different between the TA and RA series across the model range. The 1976-77 North American Celicas lost their ammeter and oil pressure gauges; they were replaced by warning lamps in the gauge cluster.

Up until 1976, U.S. Celicas got either wheel covers (ST, LT) or styled steel wheels with trim rings (GT) in the 13-inch size. Starting in 1976, all Celicas got 14-inch styled steel wheels, with trim rings (GT) or without them (ST and LT).

For 1976–1977, the non-U.S. GT Liftback was also available with the 18R-G twincam engine with a Yamaha head and running gear. This engine produced significantly more power than the single-cam 18R. Peak power was about 100 kW (134 hp) at 6000 rpm.

In Australia, the 1971 TA22 Celica was first released with the 1.6-liter 2T motor, as well as the TA23 in the mid-1975 and the RA23 in 1976 with only 2000 1977 RA28s being imported, all with the 2.0-liter 18R-C motor. The only two GTs ever imported by the AMI (Australian Motor Industries) which later became Toyota Australia, were a 1971 red TA22 GT and a brown 1973 RA25 GT. These vehicles were a special import by Ken Hougham the managing director of AMI for evaluation. Just like the TA22 GT, the RA25 GT model was never imported due to the power to weight ratio and higher insurance for the twin-cam motor all of which quickly halted any notion of the GTs becoming a staple in the Celica family in Australia. Anecdotally it is reported that a GT was imported for the Japanese Ambassador in 1972. Unlike the two AMI GTs, very little is known about this car.

1976 Toyota Celica coupe GT (RA24, US). Note the enlarged bumpers, required by US federal law.
1976–1977 Toyota Celica Hardtop coupé 2000 LT (RA23, Australia)
1976 Toyota Celica Liftback 2000 ST (RA28, UK)
1971 Red GT Toyota Celica, a show winner at the Australian Motorclassica Concours d’elegance^[17]
1977 Toyota Celica Liftback GT interior

Second generation (A40, A50; 1977–1981)

The second-generation Celica was released for the 1978 model year (production began in August 1977) and was again available in both notchback coupé and Liftback forms. It was designed in the United States by Toyota's Calty Research Design studio in California. The coupe was no longer a true hardtop; both coupé and Liftback had frameless door glass but featured a thick "B" pillar. David Stollery was responsible for its design.^[18]

The early or pre-facelift second-generation Celica was released with round headlights and chrome bumpers for lower grades. The higher grades such as the Japanese GT and all U.S. models have black rubber bumpers. The facelift was launched in August 1979 came with square headlights and revised tail lights. They came with chrome bumpers with rubber protectors on each corners, or for certain models with all polyurethane black bumpers such on the Japanese GT and all U.S. spec cars. The facelift model front end was not only featured square headlights, but also came with new grille, and revised hood and fenders which were not interchangeable with the parts of pre-facelift model.

From 1979 until 1981 the Griffith company in the U.S. offered a Targa-style convertible conversion to the coupé. They were called the Sunchaser and had a removable Targa top and a folding rear roof, much like the '67 Porsche 911 soft-window Targa. These were Toyota approved and sold through Toyota dealers. Over 2,000 were produced. In Germany, the same Sunchaser version but also a full convertible and a traditional targa with a fixed rear window (called the TX22) were offered. Conversions were Toyota-approved and carried out from mid-1980 by a company called Tropic.^[19]

Markets

Japan

The Japanese model grades were ET, LT, ST, SE, XT, GT, and GTV. The GT and GTV have an 18R-G twincam engine. In August 1978, the GTV was replaced by the GT-Rally, a limited edition model that had a 1.6-liter 2T-GEU or 2.0-liter 18R-GEU engine, special grill, special bumpers, black interior (against the norm of colored interiors of the time) and was only available in white or lime green paint.

There were about 70 different variants of second-generation Celica sold in Japan over the model's lifetime. At its pinnacle in 1979, Toyota retailed 49 versions at once.

North America

Power for North American models was provided by a 2.2 L SOHC 20R 4-cylinder engine for both ST and GT models. This new generation offered more safety, power and fuel economy than previous models and was awarded Motor Trend's Import Car of the Year for 1978.

In 1980, the limited edition U.S. Grand Prix GT Liftback was offered due to Toyota's connection to the U.S. Grand Prix West in Long Beach, California. For 1981, the North American models were given a bigger 2.4-liter SOHC 22R 4-cylinder engine producing 96 hp (71.6 kW), which was simultaneously fitted to the Pickup. To celebrate the Celica 10th Anniversary, the GTA coupe was released. This was basically a GT coupe with a four-speed automatic transmission, Supra style interior, power windows, upgraded sound system and alloy wheels. The GTA is distinguishable by its copper brown / beige two-tone paint and a "GTA 10th anniversary" plaque on the center console.

The Canadian models were similar to the U.S. models, but the Liftback was also offered in the more affordable ST trim, instead only the higher GT trim in the U.S.

Australia

In Australia, the new Celica was less sporty than earlier models. The only engine available was the 2-liter 18R, producing 66.4 kW (90 PS), hooked up to a five-speed manual or a three-speed automatic. The suspension was also quite soft and the recirculating ball steering came in for some criticism for its vagueness.^[20] Both the coupé and the liftback bodywork were available in Australia.^[20]

Europe

Across Europe, the Celica was offered with the 1.6-liter, 2.0-liter, and 2.0-liter Twincam engines. Trim levels were 1600 LT, 1600 ST, 1600 GT, 2000 ST, 2000 XT, and 2000 GT.

Gallery

The facelift model Toyota Celica GT Coupe (Japan)
The facelift model Toyota Celica 2200 GT Liftback (RA42, US)
The facelift model Toyota Celica 1600 LT Sunchaser Convertible (TA40, Europe)
The facelift model Toyota Celica 2000 LT Liftback (RA40, Australia)

Celica XX/Celica Supra

In April 1978 Toyota began production of the Mark I Toyota Supra in Japan, as the Toyota Celica XX. It debuted in the United States and for the 1979 model year. The U.S. Mark I (chassis code MA46) was originally equipped with a 110 hp (82 kW) 2.6 L (2563 cc) 12-valve SOHC straight-six engine (4M-E). Simultaneously the Japanese Celica XX (chassis code MA45) was offered with a 140 PS (103 kW) version of the 2.6 or with a 125 PS (92 kW) 2.0 L 12-valve SOHC inline-six engine (M-EU).^[21]

Celica Camry

Toyota launched the Celica Camry, a four-door sedan, in the Japanese market during January 1980. This model was essentially a second-generation 1977–1981 Toyota Carina (A40 and A50) with an elongated front-end styled to resemble the 1978–1981 Celica XX, known as the Celica Supra in export markets. Unlike other Celicas, this Carina-derived model is a four-door sedan rather than a coupe or Liftback. Toyota replaced the Celica Camry upon the arrival of the front-wheel drive Toyota Camry (V10) in 1982.

Third generation (A60; 1981–1985)

Third generation (A60)
Pre-facelift Toyota Celica Coupe 1600 ST (TA60, Europe)
Overview
Production	August 1981^[1] – July 1985^[22]
Assembly	Japan: Toyota City, Aichi (Tsutsumi plant); Tahara, Aichi (Tahara plant, 1981–1999)
Body and chassis
Class	Sports car
Body style	3-door liftback coupé 2-door notchback coupé 2-door convertible
Layout	Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive
Related	Toyota Supra Toyota Carina
Powertrain
Engine	1588 cc 2T-B/2T-G I4 (TA60/61) 1587 cc 4A-G I4 (AA63) 1770 cc 3T-E I4 (TA62) 1770 cc 3T-GTE I4 (TA63) 1791 cc 4T-GTEU I4 (TA64) 1832 cc 1S-U I4 (SA60) 1968 cc 18R-G I4 (RA63) 1972 cc 21R I4 (RA60/61) 1995 cc 2S-C I4 (SA63) 2366 cc 22R/22R-E I4 (RA64/65)
Transmission	4-speed A40D automatic 5-speed W55, W58, T50 manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2,500 mm (98.4 in)
Length	4,435 mm (174.6 in)
Width	1,665 mm (65.6 in)
Height	1,310 mm (51.6 in)
Curb weight	970–1,227 kg (2,138–2,705 lb)^[23]^[24]

August 1981 saw the introduction of the third-generation Celica. The car was initially available in notchback coupe and liftback forms with many buyers preferring the liftback. The U.S.-made convertible came in 1984. Styling was changed considerably from previous models and power was provided by a 2.4 L 22R or 22R-E engine in all North American models, while smaller engines were used in other countries. The 2.4 L became the biggest 4-cylinder engine offered in any Celica ever. Other engines were the 1.6-liter 4A, 1.6-liter 2T, 1.8-liter 3T, 1.8-liter 4T, 1.8-liter 1S, 2.0-liter 2S, 2.0-liter 18R-G and 2.0-liter 21R, depending on the particular market. Trim levels for the Japanese market were SV, ST, ST-EFI, SX, GT, and GT Rally. Rack and pinion steering was offered for this generation Celica.

The Australian, European, Japanese, and general export model Celicas came with rear side vents, which are highly sought after by North American Celica enthusiasts.

In 1982, the New York Yankees began using a Celica as their bullpen car.^[25]

Fuel injection became standard on all North American Celicas started from August 1982, therefore the 22R engine became 22R-E (or 22R-EC with California emissions equipment). In August 1982, Toyota added the GT-S model to the North American market to re-inject the sports image that Celica had lost as it grew larger and heavier with each subsequent model. The GT-S included larger 14x7-inch wheels and 225/60HR14 tires, fender flares, independent rear suspension, a sports interior including special seats, and a leather-wrapped steering wheel and shifter knob. Most of these came from the Supra. From the windshield back, both cars were nearly identical when in Liftback form. There were also optional rear louvers for the coupe and Liftback.

The Celica was facelifted in August 1983 for the 1984 model year. The revision included fully retractable headlights, restyled grille, and airdam. The rear combination lamps were also revised. The Japanese Celica 1600 GT got new 4A-GE engine, and the 1600 GT-R also powered by the same motor was introduced. Another new model was the turbocharged 1800 GT-TR.

The GT-S convertible, built by American Sunroof Company (ASC) in California, was originally released in a limited 200 units in 1984. 4,248 more were built for the 1985 model year.

For the European continent, the Celica was offered as 1600 ST with 2T engine and live rear axle (TA60), 2000 XT (21R), and 2000 GT (18R-G). The UK models were 2.0 ST for early version and 2.0 XT for the facelift. All 60-series Celicas intended for the UK market were powered by the 21R engine.

In Australia, Toyota decided initially to use the 21R-C in the Celica. As a result, the car only turned out 67 kW (90 hp). However, for the facelift model, it was replaced by the quicker 73 kW (98 hp) 2S-C motor, now in combination with independent rear suspension rather than the traditional live axle differential. This version, model code SA63, was only sold in 1983 and 1984 and only in Australia. The 2.0 was then replaced by the injected 2.4-liter motor (22R-E, model code RA65) which provided 87 kW (118 PS; 117 hp).

Pre-facelift Toyota Celica ST notchback coupe (SA63, Australia)
The facelift model Toyota Celica 1600 GT-R Coupe (AA63, Japan)
1984 Toyota Celica GT Coupe interior
The facelift model Toyota Celica GT Coupe (RA64, US)
1985 Toyota Celica GT-S Convertible (RA65, US)
The facelift model Toyota Celica 2.0 XT Liftback (RA61, UK)
1985 Toyota Celica 2400 XT Liftback (RA65, Australia)

Twincam Turbo Group B Rally Car

In September 1982, the first Celica turbo was launched in Japan for the local market only. The GT-T (TA63) came with the twin-spark 1.8-liter 3T-GTE engine, W55 5-speed manual gearbox, a limited slip differential, pump up lumbar "sports" seats and optional digital dash. To meet the FISA regulation for Group B Rally Car to compete in the World Rally Championship (WRC), 200 units of the Celica GT-TS were built. These were the basic cars for Group B Celica Twincam Turbo (TA64) which were built and rallied by Toyota Team Europe (TTE). The Group B Celica TCT made its WRC debut in the 1983 Rally Finland. The production car had a 180 PS (132 kW; 178 hp) engine, and with a 320 bhp (239 kW; 324 PS) 4T-GTE engine, the fully works rally car was the most powerful third-generation Celica.

WRC victories

No.	Event	Season	Driver	Co-driver	Car
1	Rally New Zealand	1982	Björn Waldegård	Hans Thorszelius	Toyota Celica 2000GT
2	15ème Rallye Côte d'Ivoire	1983	Björn Waldegård	Hans Thorszelius	Toyota Celica Twincam Turbo
3	32nd Marlboro Safari Rally	1984	Björn Waldegård	Hans Thorszelius	Toyota Celica Twincam Turbo
4	33rd Marlboro Safari Rally	1985	Juha Kankkunen	Fred Gallagher	Toyota Celica Twincam Turbo
5	17ème Rallye Côte d'Ivoire	1985	Juha Kankkunen	Fred Gallagher	Toyota Celica Twincam Turbo
6	34th Marlboro Safari Rally	1986	Björn Waldegård	Fred Gallagher	Toyota Celica Twincam Turbo
7	18ème Rallye Côte d'Ivoire	1986	Björn Waldegård	Fred Gallagher	Toyota Celica Twincam Turbo

Fourth generation (T160; 1985–1989)

Fourth generation (T160)
1988 Toyota Celica 2.0 SX Liftback (ST162, Australia)
Overview
Also called	Toyota Corona (T160) coupe
Production	August 1985 – August 1989^[26]
Assembly	Japan: Tahara, Aichi (Tahara plant)
Body and chassis
Class	Sports car
Body style	3-door liftback coupé 2-door notchback coupé 2-door convertible
Layout	Front-engine, front-wheel-drive Front-engine, four-wheel-drive (GT-Four)
Related	Toyota Carina Toyota Carina ED
Powertrain
Engine	1.6 L I4 4A-GE 1.8 L I4 1S-iLU 1.8 L I4 4S-Fi 2.0 L I4 2S-ELC 2.0 L I4 3S-FE 2.0 L I4 3S-GE 2.0 L I4 3S-GTE turbo
Transmission	4-speed automatic 5-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2,525 mm (99.4 in)
Length	4,410 mm (173.6 in) (coupe/convertible) 4,365 mm (171.9 in) (liftback)
Width	1,710 mm (67.3 in) 1,690 mm (66.7 in) (Japan)
Height	1,260 mm (49.8 in)

In August 1985 the Celica was changed completely. It was an all-new vehicle with front wheel drive, a rounded, flowing body and new 2.0 L four-cylinder engines. The Celica was no longer built on the Toyota A platform, and instead realigned with the Toyota T platform underpinning the Toyota Corona. The Toyota A platform was now exclusive to the Toyota Supra. The coupe bodystyle in Japan was used only for the Corona coupe, sold only at Japanese Toyota dealerships Toyopet Store without the retractable headlights.^[27] An optional feature only offered on the Corona coupe was four-wheel steering, not shared with the Celica during this generation, however, the turbocharged engine on the Celica was not installed in the Corona coupe.

Toyota introduced the "ultimate Celica", the GT-Four (ST165) onto the Japanese market in October 1986.^[26] With full-time all-wheel drive, including an electronically controlled central locking differential, and a turbocharged version of the GT-S 2.0 L engine producing 190 hp (142 kW) (3S-GTE), it immediately took its place as the flagship of the Celica range and became the official Toyota rally car for all years of production. The GT-Four, with a revised viscous coupling central locking differential, began export in 1987 (1988 U.S. model year) and marketed in North America as the All-trac Turbo. It was rated at 190 bhp (142 kW; 193 PS) and 190 lb⋅ft (258 N⋅m). The All-trac system was also offered for a limited time on the Camry, and Corolla in North America without the turbo, as well as the normally aspirated and supercharged Previa.

The ST165 chassis design was quite acclaimed in its time.^[28] Toyota chose not to make any drastic suspension changes for the AWD GT-Four. The front suspension comprises MacPherson struts with an anti-swaybar and strut tower brace, while the rear employs struts with a trailing link and twin lateral links per side plus an anti-swaybar.

The ST165 GT-Four made its World Rally debut in the 1988 Tour de Corse and finished 6th. The first victory came in 1988 Cyprus (non-WRC), and the first WRC victory in 1989 Rally Australia.

As with the previous generation, the convertibles were fitted by ASC. Coupes were shipped from Japan to their facility in Rancho Dominguez, California, where the top was chopped and a power convertible top, reinforcements to the chassis, rear quarter windows, and a one-piece fold-down seat were installed. ASC also handled the process for the Japanese market. Partially built, right-hand-drive Celicas were shipped from Japan to California, ASC performed the conversion, and the completed cars made a second trip across the Pacific back to Japan. The Celica convertible was in high demand in Japan because of the exotic appeal of the American modifications.^[29]

Summary of 4th Generation Models
Chassis Code	Body Style	Engine	Trim Level	Market
AT160	Coupe, Liftback	4A-F, 4A-GE	1.6 ST (4A-F), 1.6 GT (4A-GE)	Japan, General
ST160	Liftback	1S-iLU	1.8 ST, 1.8 SX	Japan^[26]
ST161	Coupe, Liftback	2S-ELC	2.0 ST, 2.0 GT (1986 model year only)	North America
ST162	Coupe, Liftback, convertible	3S-FE, 3S-GE	2.0 ST & 2.0 GT (3S-FE), 2.0 GT-R (3S-GELU), 2.0 GT-i 16, 2.0 SX & 2.0 GT-S (3S-GE), 2.0 ZR (3S-FE)	Japan (liftback and convertible),^[26] North America (all body styles), Europe (liftback and convertible), Australia & New Zealand (liftback and coupe)
ST163	Liftback	4S-Fi	1.8 ST, 1.8 SX	Japan (introduced May 1988)^[26]
ST165	Liftback	3S-GTE	GT-Four, Turbo All-Trac	Japan,^[26] Europe, North America