1930 in the United Kingdom
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Events from the year 1930 in the United Kingdom.
Incumbents
Events
- 1 January – the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Great Britain begins publishing a newspaper, the Morning Star.
- 1 February – The Times publishes its first crossword.[1]
- March – fitness organisation the Women's League of Health and Beauty set up by Mary Bagot Stack; by 1939 it will have over 100,000 members.[2]
- 9 March – the British Broadcasting Corporation opens its second high-power medium-wave transmitter at Brookmans Park, north of London, and with it launches its "Regional Scheme" which sees station 5XX renamed as the National Programme while 2LO becomes the London Regional Programme.
- April – John Gielgud plays the title role of Hamlet for the first time, at The Old Vic in London.[3]
- 1 April – Poor law unions and workhouses abolished under the Local Government Act 1929, responsibility for public assistance transferring to local authorities and workhouses becoming hospitals or public assistance institutions under their control.
- 18 April – BBC radio listeners uniquely hear the announcement "Good evening. Today is Good Friday. There is no news."[4]
- 22 April – the United Kingdom, Japan and the United States sign the London Naval Treaty regulating submarine warfare and limiting shipbuilding.
- 30 April – first section of the 132kV AC National Grid, the Central Scotland Electricity Scheme, is switched on in Edinburgh.[5]
- 5 May – an explosion on the eleventh floor of Bibby's oil cake mill in Liverpool leaves five dead and almost one hundred injured.
- 5–24 May – Yorkshire-born Amy Johnson becomes the first woman to fly solo from England to Australia (11,000 miles to landing at Darwin).[6]
- 28 May – the BBC Symphony Orchestra is formed as a permanent full-scale ensemble under the directorship of Adrian Boult. It gives its first concert on 22 October at the Queen's Hall, London.[7]
- 5 July – the Seventh Lambeth Conference of Anglican bishops opens. This conference condones the use of birth control in limited circumstances, a move away from the Christian views on contraception expressed by the Sixth Conference a decade earlier.
- 10 July – Mental Treatment Act 1930 provides for free voluntary treatment for psychiatric conditions and for psychiatric outpatient clinics, replaces the term "asylum" with "mental hospital" and reorganises the Board of Control for Lunacy and Mental Deficiency.
- 14 July – transmission by the BBC of the first experimental television play, The Man With the Flower in His Mouth.[6]
- 29 July – British airship R100 sets out for a successful 78-hour passage to Canada.
- 7 August – two million people are unemployed.
- 16 August – the first British Empire Games are held in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.[6]
- 29 August – remaining inhabitants of the island of St Kilda, Scotland, are voluntarily evacuated to the mainland.[8]
- 24 September – first performance of Noël Coward's comedy Private Lives at the Phoenix Theatre (London) featuring Coward, Gertrude Lawrence and Laurence Olivier in the cast.[6]
- 1 October
- Fourteen miners are killed in an explosion in a coal pit near Cannock, Staffordshire.[9]
- End of Weihaiwei under British rule as it is returned to China.
- 5 October – British airship R101 crashes in France en route to India on its maiden voyage.[6]
- 6–10 October – annual Labour Party Conference (at Llandudno), the first chaired by a woman, Susan Lawrence, M.P.[10] Oswald Mosley unsuccessfully attempts to persuade it to adopt the 'Mosley Memorandum' on tackling unemployment.
- 20 October – the "Passfield white paper" demands restrictions on Jewish immigration into Mandatory Palestine.[1]
- 12 November – first Round Table Conference on the future status of India opens in London.[1]
- 25 November – Cecil George Paine, a pathologist at the Sheffield Royal Infirmary, achieves the first recorded cure (of an eye infection) using penicillin.[11]
- December – Youth Hostels Association opens its first hostel, at Pennant Hall near Llanrwst in North Wales.[12]
- 20 December – R v Betts and Ridley: a landmark case in English criminal law which establishes that it is not necessary for an accessory actually to be present when an offence is carried out in order to be convicted of a crime.[13]
- 24 December – in London, inventor Harry Grindell Matthews demonstrates his device to project pictures to the clouds.
Undated
- 1930–1935 – unemployment averages more than 18% in Britain.
- Housing Act provides government subsidy for slum clearance,[14] and construction of further new council houses as replacements.[15]
- New offices for Crawford's Advertising Agency at 233 High Holborn, London, designed by Frederick Etchells with Herbert A. Welch, are Britain's earliest significant example of the International Style in architecture.[16]
- Start of local authorities' assisted wiring scheme to encourage people to connect their homes to the public electricity supply.[17]
- Poor Prisoners' Defence Act provides for limited extension of legal aid.
- Rosemary Bank is discovered approximately 75 miles (121 km) west of Scotland by the survey vessel HMS Rosemary.
- Philco produces the first of its "Baby grand" designs of radio of which it will sell two million.[18]
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Publications
- Agatha Christie's first Miss Marple novel, The Murder at the Vicarage.
- An Anthology of War Poems, compiled by Frederick Brereton.
- T. S. Eliot's poem Ash Wednesday.
- W. Somerset Maugham’s novel Cakes and Ale.
- J. B. Priestley's novel Angel Pavement.
- Arthur Ransome's children's novel Swallows and Amazons.
- W. C. Sellar and R. J. Yeatman's parodic history book 1066 and All That.
- Evelyn Waugh's novel Vile Bodies.
Births
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- 4 January – Iain Cuthbertson, actor (died 2009)
- 12 January – Bruce Lansbury, British-American television producer, television writer and screenwriter (d. 2017)
- 20 January
- Richard Coleman, actor (died 2008)
- Christopher Elrington, historian (died 2009)
- 29 January – John Junkin, actor and screenwriter (died 2006)
- 1 February – Peter Tapsell, politician, Father of the House (died 2018)
- 6 February – Lionel Blue, reform rabbi (died 2016)
- 13 February – Ronald Stretton, track cyclist (died 2012)
- 16 February – Peter Adamson, actor (died 2002)
- 20 February
- Ken Jones, actor (died 2014)
- Richard Lynn, English psychologist and author
- 25 February – Wendy Beckett, contemplative nun and art historian (died 2018)
- 27 February – John Straffen, serial killer (died 2007)
- 28 February – Diane Holland, actress (died 2009)
- 7 March – Antony Armstrong-Jones, 1st Earl of Snowdon, photographer and filmmaker (died 2017)
- 11 March – David Gentleman, English artist and illustrator
- 12 March – Antony Acland, diplomat
- 30 March – Nick Browne-Wilkinson, judge (died 2018)
- 2 April – Roddy Maude-Roxby, actor
- 7 April – Jane Priestman, designer
- 8 April – Dorothy Tutin, actress (died 2001)
- 9 April – Ian Walters, sculptor (died 2006)
- 11 April – Clive Exton, screenwriter (died 2007)
- 12 April – Bryan Magee, philosopher and politician (died 2019)
- 16 April – Alan Truscott, Anglo-American bridge player (died 2005)
- 17 April – Chris Barber, jazz trombonist
- 20 April – Antony Jay, writer, television scriptwriter, broadcaster and director (died 2016)
- 21 April – Alec Bregonzi, actor (died 2006)
- 23 April – Michael Bowen, Gibraltarian-English archbishop
- 3 May – David Harrison, chemist
- 4 May – Bill Eyden, jazz drummer (died 2004)
- 7 May – John Smith, Baron Kirkhill, politician
- 8 May – Heather Harper, Northern Irish operatic soprano (died 2019)
- 9 May – Joan Sims, actress (died 2001)
- 11 May – Tony Church, actor (died 2008)
- 28 May – Julian Slade, composer (died 2006)
- 1 June
- John Lemmon, logician and philosopher (died 1966)
- Edward Woodward, actor and singer (died 2009)
- 4 June – John Wall, judge (died 2008)
- 5 June – Peter Landin, computer scientist (died 2009)
- 7 June – Michael Baughen, bishop and hymn-writer
- 8 June – Michael Codron, producer and manager
- 11 June – Roy Fisher, poet and jazz pianist (died 2017)
- 15 June – John Fretwell, English soldier and diplomat, British Ambassador to France (died 2017)
- 21 June – Gerald Kaufman, politician, Father of the House (died 2017)
- 22 June – Patricia Nielsen, swimmer
- 23 June – John Elliot, historian
- 24 June – William Gaskill, theatre director (died 2016)
- 29 June – Frank Johnston, Anglican priest, military chaplain
- 1 July – Ron Hughes, footballer
- 7 July – Hamish MacInnes, Scottish mountaineer, mountain search and rescuer, author and advisor[19]
- 8 July – John Little, Scottish football defender (d. 2017)
- 13 July – Richard D. Lewis, polyglot, cross-cultural communication consultant and author
- 17 July
- Ray Galton, scriptwriter (died 2018)
- Brian Statham, cricketer (died 2000)
- 18 July
- Burt Kwouk, film actor (died 2016)
- Ted Paige, physicist (died 2004)
- 22 July
- Jill Adams, actress and model (died 2008)
- Jeremy Lloyd, actor and screenwriter (died 2014)
- 27 July
- Bomber Wells, cricketer (died 2008)
- Shirley Williams, co-founder of the Social Democratic Party
- 8 August – Barry Unsworth, novelist (died 2012)
- 13 August – Bernard Manning, comedian (died 2007)
- 14 August – Liz Fraser, actress (died 2018)
- 17 August – Ted Hughes, poet laureate (died 1998)
- 20 August – Michael Green, theologian (died 2019)
- 21 August – Princess Margaret Rose, later Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon (died 2002)
- 24 August – Ian Nairn, journalist and writer (died 1983)
- 25 August – Sean Connery, actor
- 28 August – Windsor Davies, actor (died 2019)
- 21 September
- Dawn Addams, actress (died 1985)
- Bob Stokoe, footballer and football manager (died 2004)
- 26 September – Joe Brown, climber (died 2020)
- 29 September – Colin Dexter, detective fiction writer (died 2017)
- 5 October – David Mellor, designer, manufacturer and retailer (died 2009)
- 10 October – Harold Pinter, playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2008)
- 11 October – Ronnie Simpson, footballer (died 2004)
- 18 October
- Trevor Bell, artist (died 2017)
- David Tomblin, film director (died 2005)
- 27 October – Leo Baxendale, comic artist (died 2017)
- 28 October – Bernie Ecclestone, auto racing tycoon
- 30 October – Stanley Sadie, musicologist (died 2005)
- 3 November – John Biffen, politician (died 2007)
- 11 November – Vernon Handley, orchestral conductor (died 2008)
- 14 November
- Shirley Crabtree, "Big Daddy", professional wrestler (died 1997)
- Elisabeth Frink, sculptor (died 1993)
- 15 November – J. G. Ballard, China-born fiction writer (died 2009)
- 22 November
- Peter Hall, theatre director (died 2017)
- Peter Hurford, organist (died 2019)
- 29 November – Dennis Weatherstone, banker and businessman (died 2008)
- 1 December – Ken Box, track and field sprinter
- 4 December – Ronnie Corbett, comic performer (died 2016)
- 8 December – Stan Richards, English actor (d. 2005)
- 10 December – Michael Jopling, farmer and politician, Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food
- 11 December – David Plowright, television producer (died 2006)
- 12 December – Gwyneth Dunwoody, politician (died 2008)
- 26 December – Donald Moffat, actor (d. 2018)
- 27 December – Wilfrid Sheed, English-born American writer (died 2011)
- 28 December – Gladys Ambrose, actress (d. 1998)
Deaths
- 19 January – Frank P. Ramsey, mathematician, died of jaundice (born 1903)
- 21 January – Hugh Longbourne Callendar, physicist (born 1863)
- 22 January – Reginald Brett, 2nd Viscount Esher, politician and courtier (born 1852)
- 27 February – Joseph Wright, philologist and lexicographer (born 1855)
- 2 March – D. H. Lawrence, writer, died of complications from tuberculosis in France (born 1885)
- 19 March – Arthur Balfour, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1848)
- 24 March – Henry Faulds, Scottish-born medical missionary, pioneer in the forensic study of fingerprints (born 1843)
- 10 April – Alfred Williams, "hammerman poet" (born 1877)
- 21 April – Robert Bridges, poet laureate (born 1844)
- 1 May – Richard Bell, Labour politician (died 1859)
- 25 May – Randall Davidson, Archbishop of Canterbury (born 1848)
- 13 June – Sir Henry Segrave, land and water speed record holder, killed in speedboat accident on Windermere (born 1896)
- 7 July – Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Scottish-born fiction writer (born 1859)
- 12 August – Horace Smith-Dorrien, general (born 1858)
- 21 August – Sir Aston Webb, architect (born 1849)
- 22 August – Christopher Wood, painter, suicide (born 1901)
- 24 August – Tom Norman, showman (born 1860)
- 29 August – William Archibald Spooner, scholar, Anglican priest and metathesist (born 1844)
- 6 September – Sir James Guthrie, Scottish painter (born 1859)
- 4 November – Evelyn Colyer, tennis player (born 1902)
- 27 November – Johnny Tyldesley, cricketer (born 1873)
- 17 December – Peter Warlock (Philip Heseltine), composer, probable suicide (born 1894)
- 22 December – Neil Munro, Scottish humorist, fiction writer and critic (born 1863)
See also
References
- ^ a b c Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 372–373. ISBN 978-0-7126-5616-0.
- ^ "The Fitness League History". Fitness League. Archived from the original on 29 July 2009. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ Morley, Sheridan (2001). John – The Authorised Biography of John Gielgud. London: Hodder & Stoughton. pp. 459–77. ISBN 0340368039.
- ^ Giaimo, Cara (18 April 2018). "The Day Without News". Atlas Obscura. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
- ^ Shaw, Alan (29 September 2005). "Kelvin to Weir, and on to GB SYS 2005" (PDF). Royal Society of Edinburgh. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2009. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ a b c d e Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 978-0-14-102715-9.
- ^ Boult, Adrian (1973). My Own Trumpet. London: Hamish Hamilton. p. 99. ISBN 0241024455.
- ^ "St Kilda". National Trust for Scotland. Archived from the original on 31 August 2010. Retrieved 10 September 2010.
- ^ "Miners die in pit explosion". Wolverhampton: Express & Star. Retrieved 13 August 2012.
- ^ "The Labour Party Conference". The Times. No. 45636. London. 6 October 1930. p. 11.
- ^ Wainwright, M.; Swan, H. T. (1986). "C. G. Paine and the earliest surviving clinical records of penicillin therapy". Medical History. 30 (1): 42–56. doi:10.1017/S0025727300045026. PMC 1139580. PMID 3511336.
- ^ Coburn, Oliver (1950). Youth Hostel Story. London: National Council of Social Service.
- ^ Slapper, Gary (23 June 2008). "The cases that changed Britain: 1917–1954". The Times. London. Retrieved 31 March 2009.
- ^ The History Today Companion to British History. London: Collins & Brown. 1995. p. 391. ISBN 978-1-85585-178-8.
- ^ "Council housing". Archived from the original on 3 January 2013. Retrieved 25 September 2012.
- ^ Betjeman, John (1974). A Pictorial History of English Architecture. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books. p. 100. ISBN 0-14-00-3824-8.
- ^ Biscoe, John. "History of public supply in the UK". Engineering Timelines. Archived from the original on 1 December 2010. Retrieved 12 October 2010.
- ^ Mahon, Morgan E. (1990). A Flick of the Switch 1930–1950. Antiques Electronics Supply. p. 116.
- ^ "Birthdays". The Guardian. London: Guardian Media. 7 July 2014. p. 31.