Interleukin 32
Interleukin 32 (Il32) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL32 gene.[3]
Function
This gene encodes a member of the cytokine family. The protein contains a tyrosine sulfation site, 3 potential N-myristoylation sites, multiple putative phosphorylation sites, and an RGD cell-attachment sequence. Expression of this protein is increased after the activation of T-cells by mitogens or the activation of NK cells by IL-2. This protein induces the production of TNF-alpha from macrophage cells. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized.[3]
Interleukin 32 (IL-32) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that can induce cells of the immune system (such as monocytes and macrophages) to secrete inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and IL-6. In addition, it can also induce the production of chemokines such as IL-8 and MIP-2 / CXCL2.[4]
IL-32 can also support osteoclast differentiation but not osteoclast activation by regulating the MAPK/ERK pathway and the actin cytoskeleton.[5]
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000008517 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ a b "Entrez Gene: Interleukin 32".
- ^ Kim SH, Han SY, Azam T, Yoon DY, Dinarello CA (January 2005). "Interleukin-32: a cytokine and inducer of TNFalpha". Immunity. 22 (1): 131–42. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2004.12.003. PMID 15664165.
- ^ Mabilleau G, Sabokbar A (2009). "Interleukin-32 promotes osteoclast differentiation but not osteoclast activation". PLoS ONE. 4 (1): e4173. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0004173. PMC 2613539. PMID 19137064.
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This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
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