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Ruma

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For other uses, see Ruma (disambiguation).
Ruma
Рума
Municipality and Town
City square
City square
Coat of arms of Ruma
Coat of arms
Location of the municipality of Ruma within Serbia
Location of the municipality of Ruma within Serbia
CountrySerbia
ProvinceVojvodina
DistrictSyrmia
Settlements17
Government
 • MayorSladjan Mancic (SNS)
Area
[1]
 • Municipality582 km2 (225 sq mi)
Population
 (2011 census)[2]
 • Town
30,076
 • Municipality
54,339
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
22400
Area code+381 22
Car platesRU
Websitewww.ruma.rs

Ruma (Serbian Cyrillic: Рума) is a town and municipality located in Vojvodina, Serbia at 45°00′N 19°50′E / 45.00°N 19.83°E / 45.00; 19.83. In 2011 the town had a total population of 30,076, while Ruma municipality had a population of 54,339.

History

Traces of organized human life on the territory of Ruma municipality date back as far as the prehistory. The most important archaeological locality in the municipality is Bronze Age Gomolava[3] near Hrtkovci, with two exclusive tombs of Bosut culture dating to 9th century BC[4] and 3000BC Vučedol culture pottery.[5] First known inhabitants of this area were various peoples of Illyrian and Celtic origin, such as the Amantini, Breuci, Scordisci, etc. During Roman rule, local inhabitants lost their ethnic character and adopted Roman culture. There were no larger Roman settlements on the territory of Ruma, but a certain number of agricultural estates known as "villae rusticae" were located there.

Migrations of Huns, Germanic peoples, Avars and Slavs destroyed the Roman culture in this area. During the following centuries, the region was ruled by Frankish Empire, Bulgarian Empire, Byzantine Empire and Kingdom of Hungary.

The settlement named Ruma was first mentioned in an Ottoman defter from 1566/7. In that period Ruma was a village inhabited by Serbs, with 49 houses a church and three priests.[6]

Since 1718, Ruma was under administration of the Habsburg Monarchy. In 1746, the town of Ruma was founded near the village of Ruma. First inhabitants of the town were Serbs,[6] who came from neighboring settlements, as well as Germans, who came from Germany. In the beginning of the 19th century, Croats and Hungarians settled there as well. In 1807, a large rebellion of the Syrmian peasants known as the Tican's Rebellion started on the estate of Ruma, with its center in the village of Voganj. During the 1848-1849 revolution, Ruma was one of the important centers of Serbian national movement in Syrmia.

In the late 19th and early 20th century, Ruma was a district capital in the Syrmia County of the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia. According to the 1910 census, population of the Ruma municipality numbered 49,138 inhabitants, of whom 22,956 spoke Serbian, 15,529 German, 5,746 Hungarian, and 3,730 Croatian.[7]

After the collapse of the Habsburg Monarchy, on November 24, 1918, the Assembly of Syrmia in Ruma proclaimed the unification of Syrmia with the Kingdom of Serbia. In 1933, Ruma officially gained the status of a city.

When World War II began, Ruma was one of the centers of German national minority in Vojvodina.[6] In 1942, during the Axis occupation of Syrmia, a unit of the Third Reich's Wehrmacht, known as the Volunteer Company Ruma ES der DM, was formed from local Volksdeutsche volunteers.[8] A large number of non-German citizens of Ruma participated in anti-fascist struggle against Axis occupation.[9] In 1944, as a consequence of the war, most members of German national minority left the town escaping before Yugoslav partisans and Soviet Red Army.[9]

After the war, colonists from various parts of former Yugoslavia settled this area. During the 1990s, about 10,000 refugees from Croatia, Bosnia and Kosovo settled in Ruma as well. In 1949 The aeroclub of Yugoslavia (Vazduhoplovni Savez Jugoslavije) opened a pilot school, a school for parachute instructors and a school for aircraft modeling in Ruma, all of which were supported by the Airforces of Yugoslavia. This culminated in a praised International aeromeeting held in the central town in 1950.

Inhabited places

Map of Ruma municipality

Ruma municipality includes the city of Ruma and the following villages:

Demographics (2002 census)

View northwesterly of Ruma vicinity

Ethnic groups in the Ruma municipality

All settlements in the municipality have an ethnic Serb majority.

Ethnic groups in the Ruma town

Notable citizens

Sister cities

  • The Orthodox church
    The Orthodox church
  • The Catholic church
    The Catholic church
  • Monument in the center of the city
    Monument in the center of the city
  • The Borkovac Lake
    The Borkovac Lake
  • A junction train from Ruma to Šabac
    A junction train from Ruma to Šabac

See also

References

  1. ^ "Municipalities of Serbia, 2006". Statistical Office of Serbia. Retrieved 2010-11-28.
  2. ^ "2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia: Comparative Overview of the Number of Population in 1948, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2002 and 2011, Data by settlements" (PDF). Statistical Office of Republic Of Serbia, Belgrade. 2014. ISBN 978-86-6161-109-4. Retrieved 2014-06-27.
  3. ^ "CEEOL BALCANICA , Issue XXXVI /2005". Ceeol.com. Retrieved 2013-10-15.
  4. ^ Nikola Tasic. "Historical Picture of Development of Early Iron Age in the Serbian Danube Basin" (PDF). Balkaninstitut.com. Retrieved 22 February 2015.
  5. ^ "Balcanica XXXVI" (PDF). Balkaninstitut.com. Retrieved 22 February 2015.
  6. ^ a b c "History". Ruma.rs. 1944-10-27. Retrieved 2013-10-15.
  7. ^ [1] [dead link]
  8. ^ "Axis History". Axishistory.com. Retrieved 2013-10-15.
  9. ^ a b "Opština Ruma - Istorija" (in Serbian). Internet Media. 2006. Retrieved 2010-11-14.

Sources

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ruma.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ruma.
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