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Taoyuan, Taiwan

Coordinates: 24°59′28.6″N 121°18′51.58″E / 24.991278°N 121.3143278°E / 24.991278; 121.3143278
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This article is about the special municipality formerly known as Taoyuan County. For former county-administered Taoyuan City, see Taoyuan District. For the district in Kaohsiung, see Taoyuan District, Kaohsiung.

Taoyuan City
桃園市[I]
Special municipality
From left to right, top to bottom: China Airlines passenger plane at Taoyuan International Airport, Taoyuan district, Yong'an Fishing Port, HSR Taoyuan Station, Baroque architecture on Daxi Old Street, Shihmen Reservoir, Little Wulai Waterfall
From left to right, top to bottom: China Airlines passenger plane at Taoyuan International Airport, Taoyuan district, Yong'an Fishing Port, HSR Taoyuan Station, Baroque architecture on Daxi Old Street, Shihmen Reservoir, Little Wulai Waterfall
Flag of Taoyuan City
Flag
Official logo of Taoyuan City
Map
Location of Taoyuan City
Coordinates: 24°59′28.6″N 121°18′51.58″E / 24.991278°N 121.3143278°E / 24.991278; 121.3143278
Country Republic of China (Taiwan)
SeatTaoyuan District
Districts
13
Government
 • Body
 • MayorCheng Wen-tsan (DPP)
 • Deputy MayorChiu Tai-san[1]
Area
[2][3]
 • Special municipality1,220.95 km2 (471.41 sq mi)
 • Urban
1,140 km2 (440 sq mi)
 • Rank14 of 22
Population
 (October 2019)[4]
 • Special municipality2,245,059
 • Rank5 of 22
 • Density1,800/km2 (4,800/sq mi)
 • Urban
[Note 1][5]
8,535,000
 • Urban density7,500/km2 (19,000/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (National Standard Time)
Postal code
320-338
ISO 3166 codeTW-TAO
BirdFormosan blue magpie (Urocissa caerulea)
FlowerPeach blossom
TreePeach tree
Websitewww.tycg.gov.tw (in English)
  1. ^ Refers to the Taipei-Taoyuan urban area.
Taoyuan City
Traditional Chinese桃園市
Simplified Chinese桃园市
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinTáoyuán Shì
Bopomofoㄊㄠˊ   ㄩㄢˊ   ㄕˋ
Gwoyeu RomatzyhTaur'yuan Shyh
Wade–GilesTʻao2-yüan2 Shih4
Tongyong PinyinTáoyuán Shìh
Yale RomanizationTáuywán Shr̀
MPS2Táuyuán Shr̀
IPA[tʰǎʊ.ɥɛ̌n ʂɻ̩̂]
Hakka
Pha̍k-fa-sṳThò-yèn-sṳ
Southern Min
Hokkien POJThô-hn̂g-chhī
Tâi-lôThô-hn̂g-tshī
(video) Taoyuan, looking down from the air.

Taoyuan[I] is a special municipality in northwestern Taiwan, neighboring New Taipei City, Hsinchu County, and Yilan County. Taoyuan District is the seat of the municipal government and which, along with Zhongli District, forms a large metropolitan area. Taoyuan developed from a satellite city of Taipei metropolitan area to become the fourth-largest metropolitan area, and fifth-largest populated city in Taiwan. Since commuting to the Taipei metropolitan area is easy, Taoyuan has seen the fastest population growth of all cities in Taiwan.

"Taoyuan" means "peach garden" in Chinese, since the area used to have many peach trees. The city is home to many industrial parks and tech company headquarters. Taoyuan International Airport, which serves the capital, Taipei and the rest of northern Taiwan, is located in this city.

The city of Taoyuan has been elevated to special municipality status since 2014 from the original Taoyuan County. At the same time, the former county-administered city of Taoyuan was also promoted to Taoyuan District within the new municipality.[6]

History

Early history

In ancient times, the Taoyuan plateau was the home of the Taiwanese plains aborigines. In prehistory, the Ketagalan people settled in Nankan [zh]. In the early years of Dutch colonization, Spanish colonization, and Zheng He of the Ming Dynasty, there were no large-scale cultivation or industrial activities. During the Qing era, a number of people from Fujian Province and Guangdong province began to immigrate into present-day Taoyuan to develop and farm the land. They planted peach trees, which, when fully bloomed in spring, were so beautiful that the people named the land Toahong (Chinese: 桃仔園; pinyin: Táozǐyuán; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Thô-á-hn̂g; lit. 'peach orchard').

Japanese rule (1895–1945)

Taoyuan Station during Japanese rule

In November 1901, under Japanese rule, a local administrative office, Toshien Chō (Japanese: 桃仔園廳), was established in the area, and renamed Tōen Chō (桃園廳) in 1905. In 1920, the Tōen area was incorporated into Shinchiku Prefecture.

During the Japanese era, the staged migration policy caused Taoyuan to develop into a city with a variety of cultures. For example, temples and worship paths (currently the Taoyuan Martyrs Shrine) symbolized cultural systems. Butokuden (武德殿) were used to represent military systems, and the old Taoyuan City Office signified political systems.

Post-war (1945–present)

In 1950, Taoyuan County was established by the Republic of China government. On 21 April 1971, Taoyuan City was made the county seat of Taoyuan County. It had 6 cities, 1 urban township and 6 rural townships. Being located at the edge of the Greater Taipei region, this caused some structural and lifestyle changes within Taiwanese society. Trade prosperity in recent years and the proliferation of job opportunities helped Taoyuan develop into a major economic district in northern Taiwan and the population has increased ever since.

On 16 February 1998, China Airlines Flight 676 crashed in Taoyaun City near Chiang Kai-shek International Airport (Taoyuan International Airport's former name), killing all 196 people on board and seven more on the ground.

On 25 December 2014, Taoyuan County was reorganized into the special municipality of Taoyuan City (桃園市).

Geography

Map of northern Taoyuan (labeled Ōsono) (1944)

Taoyuan is located approximately 40 km (25 mi) southwest of Taipei, in northern Taiwan, and occupies 1,220 km2 (470 sq mi). It is made up of low-lying plains, interconnected mountains and plateaus. Its shape has a long and narrow southeast-to-northwest trend, with the southeast in the Xueshan Range and the far end on the shores of the Taiwan Strait.

There are many irrigation ponds at Taoyuan Plateau, which caused Taoyuan to earn the nickname "Thousand-pond Township" (千塘之鄉).[7]

Climate

Taoyuan has a humid subtropical climate, with mild to warm winters and hot summers, typical of northern Taiwan.

(The climate data of Taipei City is shown below for reference due to the city's proximity to Taipei.)

Climate data for Taipei (1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 19.1
(66.4) 		19.6
(67.3) 		22.1
(71.8) 		25.7
(78.3) 		29.2
(84.6) 		32.0
(89.6) 		34.3
(93.7) 		33.8
(92.8) 		31.1
(88.0) 		27.5
(81.5) 		24.2
(75.6) 		20.7
(69.3) 		26.6
(79.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) 16.1
(61.0) 		16.5
(61.7) 		18.5
(65.3) 		21.9
(71.4) 		25.2
(77.4) 		27.7
(81.9) 		29.6
(85.3) 		29.2
(84.6) 		27.4
(81.3) 		24.5
(76.1) 		21.5
(70.7) 		17.9
(64.2) 		23.0
(73.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 13.9
(57.0) 		14.2
(57.6) 		15.8
(60.4) 		19
(66) 		22.3
(72.1) 		24.6
(76.3) 		26.3
(79.3) 		26.1
(79.0) 		24.8
(76.6) 		22.3
(72.1) 		19.3
(66.7) 		15.6
(60.1) 		20.4
(68.7)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 83.2
(3.28) 		170.3
(6.70) 		180.4
(7.10) 		177.8
(7.00) 		234.5
(9.23) 		325.9
(12.83) 		245.1
(9.65) 		322.1
(12.68) 		360.5
(14.19) 		148.9
(5.86) 		83.1
(3.27) 		73.3
(2.89) 		2,405.1
(94.68)
Average rainy days (≥ 0.1) 14.1 14.6 15.5 14.9 14.8 15.5 12.3 14 13.8 11.9 12.4 11.7 165.5
Average relative humidity (%) 78.5 80.6 79.5 77.8 76.6 77.3 73 74.1 75.8 75.3 75.4 75.4 76.6
Mean monthly sunshine hours 80.6 71.3 89.6 92.6 113.7 121.7 179 188.9 153.7 124 99.4 90.7 1,405.2
Source: Central Weather Bureau[8]

Ethnic composition

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1985 1,211,249—    
1990 1,355,175+11.9%
1995 1,524,127+12.5%
2000 1,732,617+13.7%
2005 1,911,161+10.3%
2010 2,002,060+4.8%
2015 2,105,780+5.2%
2020 2,252,835+7.0%
Source:"Populations by city and country in Taiwan". Ministry of the Interior Population Census.


Year 1981年 1982年 1983年 1984年 1985年 1986年 1987年 1988年 1989年 1990年
Population 1,093,621 1,129,576 1,160,709 1,189,752 1,211,249 1,232,209 1,259,503 1,288,626 1,320,359 1,355,175
Year 1991年 1992年 1993年 1994年 1995年 1996年 1997年 1998年 1999年 2000年
Population 1,385,165 1,415,546 1,448,186 1,483,955 1,524,127 1,570,456 1,614,471 1,650,984 1,691,292 1,732,617
Year 2001年 2002年 2003年 2004年 2005年 2006年 2007年 2008年 2009年 2010年
Population 1,762,963 1,792,603 1,822,075 1,853,029 1,880,316 1,911,161 1,934,968 1,958,686 1,978,782 2,002,060
Year 2011年 2012年 2013年 2014年 2015年 2016年 2017年 2018年 2019年
Population 2,013,305 2,030,161 2,044,023 2,058,328 2,105,780 2,147,763 2,188,017 2,220,872 2,249,037
Further information: North-South divide in Taiwan § Population

Han Chinese

Hoklo

As of most of the cities and urban towns of Taiwan, Minnan people (Hoklos) are one of the largest ethnic groups of Taoyuan, most of whom live in northern Taoyuan (北桃園) which comprises the northern districts of Taoyuan, including Taoyuan city centre, Bade, Daxi, Dayuan, Guishan and Luzhu, and the city seat of government, Taoyuan District citycentre.

Hakka

The Hakka are the second-largest ethnic group in the city after the Minnan ethnicity (Hoklo) who won against the Hakkas in clan wars moved to the poor mountainous regions in southern Taoyuan, most of the Hakka peasants live in the rural peasant village areas of southern Taoyuan (南桃園), which includes Zhongli, Pingzhen, Yangmei, Longtan, Guanyin and Xinwu districts. With more than 785,000 Hakka people, Taoyuan hosts the largest Hakka population among all of Taiwan's administrative divisions.

Waishengren

After the Chinese Civil War, many people from mainland China (unaffectionately referred to as "Waishengren") settled in the then-Taoyuan County after the retreat of the nationalist government in 1949. Most of them live in military dependents' villages in Zhongli, Pingzhen and Guishan. Longgang is well known for its immigrants from Yunnan, featuring many Yunnan-style restaurants.

Aborigines

Most Taiwanese aborigines in the city live in Fuxing District, with most of them belonging to the Atayal people.

Economy

Taoyuan is one of the Taiwan's top industrial and technological cities. High-tech companies including Quanta, MiTAC, Inotera, Nanya Technology, HTC, CPT and AU Optronics have all opted to build or expand their factories in Taoyuan. Taoyuan has now become a bastion of electronics and semiconductor manufacturing. Over 200 of Taiwan's top 500 manufacturing companies have factories in Taoyuan. Taoyuan has also led Taiwan in terms of industrial output for nine straight years.[citation needed]

There are now 29 (registered) industrial areas with 3,696 ha (9,130 acres) of non-urban industrial land and 3,131 ha (7,740 acres) of urban industrial land. There are over 6,827 ha (16,870 acres) of land available for factories and industrial use in the city, representing the fact that Taoyuan's development bureau is based on industry and commerce. There are also 9 sites (57 ha; 140 acres) for mixed industrial-commercial use, the most of any county and city in Taiwan.[9]

On 26 March 2010, China Airlines moved into its new headquarters on the grounds of Taipei Taoyuan International Airport and in Dayuan Township in Taoyuan County (now Dayuan District, Taoyuan).[10][11] EVA Air maintains its headquarters in Luzhu District.[12] Evergreen Airlines Services Corporation, Evergreen Aviation Technologies Corp., and Evergreen Air Cargo Services Corporation, subsidiaries of Evergreen Group, are headquartered in Dayuan.[13][14][15]

On 25 December 2016, The Asia Silicon Valley Development Agency (ASVDA) was inaugurated in northern Taoyuan City, in a governmental effort to foster innovation, promote the Internet of Things (IoT) sector and attract top-class technology talent. The Asian Silicon Valley project aimed to transform Taiwan into an R&D hub for the IoT sector as well as a global center of entrepreneurship.[16]

Administration

See also: Administrative divisions of Taiwan
Taoyuan City Administrative Divisions
Population density map of Taoyuan City

Taoyuan City is divided into 12 municipal districts and 1 mountain indigenous district.[17][18][19]

Type Name Chinese Taiwanese Hakka Formosan Area (km2) Population
District Bade 八德區 Pat-tek Pat-tet 33.71 187,848
Daxi 大溪區 Tāi-khe Thai-hâi 105.14 93,388
Dayuan 大園區 Tōa-hn̂g Thai-yèn 87.39 85,667
Guanyin 觀音區 Koan-im Kôn-yîm 87.98 64,845
Guishan 龜山區 Ku-soaⁿ Kuî-sân 72.01 145,706
Longtan 龍潭區 Liông-thâm Liùng-thâm 75.23 118,648
Luzhu 蘆竹區 Lô·-tek Lù-tsuk 75.50 155,626
Pingzhen 平鎮區 Pêng-tìn Phìn-tsṳ́n 47.75 218,290
Taoyuan 桃園區 Thô-hn̂g Thò-yèn 34.80 427,815
Xinwu 新屋區 Sin-ok Sîn-vuk 85.02 48,469
Yangmei 楊梅區 Iûⁿ-mûi Yông-muì 89.12 161,301
Zhongli 中壢區 Tiong-le̍k Chûng-la̍k 76.52 390,251
Mountain
indigenous
district 		Fuxing 復興區 Ho̍k-heng Fu̍k-hîn PyasanAtayal 350.78 10,932

Colors indicate the common language status of Hakka and Formosan languages within each division.

Prior to its upgrade to become municipality on 25 December 2014, Taoyuan County used to have 6 county-administered cities (Bade, Luzhu, Pingzhen, Taoyuan, Yangmei, Zhongli), 1 urban township (Daxi), 5 rural townships (Dayuan, Guanyin, Guishan, Longtan, Xinwu), and 1 Mountain indigenous township (Fuxing).

Tourism

Overview of downtown Taoyuan

Shimen Reservoir

Shihmen Reservoir (traditionally spelled "Shihmen") (石門水庫) is one of Taiwan's major reservoirs. Once the largest water conservancy project in Southeast Asia, visitors may find many restaurants open near the reservoir serving fresh reservoir fish delicacies. There is also a three-kilometre-long (1.9 mi) bikeway surrounding the back pond. Shimen Reservoir provides almost all of the water in Taoyuan, as well as to New Taipei City's Xinzhuang, Banqiao, and Linkou districts.

Daxi Old Street

Daxi Old Street is one of the more famous Taiwanese old streets. It used to be a bustling hub for camphor and the tea trade, filled with diverse stores with façades designed in a Baroque style. The street also has the Daxi Wood Art Ecomuseum, which includes buildings such as Daxi Butokuden and Lee Teng-fan's Ancient Residence.

Cihu Mausoleum

Cihu Mausoleum (慈湖陵寢) is the final resting place of the former president of the Republic of China, Chiang Kai-shek.

Window on China Theme Park

The Window on China Theme Park (小人國主題樂園) is one of Taiwan's earliest theme parks, established in 1984. The park consists of three areas: Mini World, Water Park, and Amusement Park. The park features numerous small-scale replicas of many famous world landmarks.

Lalashan

Lalashan (拉拉山) is one of Taiwan's "natural protection zones," including 500- to 2,800-year-old divine trees and the "No. 5 Divine Tree," which predates Confucius.

Taoyuan Martyrs' Shrine

Taoyuan Martyrs' Shrine (桃園忠烈祠) is one of the best-kept Shinto shrines outside Japan.

Longgang Mosque

The Longgang Mosque (龍岡清真寺) in Zhongli District is Taiwan's fifth mosque. It was originally built in 1967 to serve an area with many Taiwanese Muslims.

Government and politics

Taoyuan City Government
Taoyuan City Council

Mayor

Further information: Mayor of Taoyuan
Cheng Wen-tsan, the incumbent Mayor of Taoyuan.

In 2001, Eric Chu of the Kuomintang defeated Democratic Progressive Party incumbent Peng Shao-Chin in the race for Taoyuan County magistrate. Peng had inherited the magistrate position after Annette Lu vacated the post to serve as vice president. Chu ran for re-election in 2005 and defeated DPP challenger Pao-Ching Cheng, CEO of the Taiwan Salt Company.

In 2009, John Wu of the KMT defeated his DPP opponent, Cheng Wen-tsan and became the Magistrate of Taoyuan County.

After the upgrade of Taoyuan County to Taoyuan City, Cheng Wen-tsan of the DPP won the 2014 Taoyuan City mayoralty election, on 29 November 2014, and became the city's first mayor, starting 25 December 2014.[20]

Presidential elections

1996 presidential election

Main article: 1996 Taiwanese presidential election

A majority of Taoyuan County residents voted for eventual winner Lee Teng-hui and vice president Lien Chan.

2000 presidential election

Main article: 2000 Taiwanese presidential election
Party Candidate Votes Percentage
President Vice President
Independent James Soong Chang Chau-Hsiung 413,370 43.83%
Kuomintang Lien Chan Vincent Siew 208,881 22.15%
New Party Li Ao Elmer Fung 1,140 0.12%
Independent Hsu Hsin-Liang Josephine Chu 20,581 2.18%
Democratic Progressive Party Chen Shui-Bian Annette Lu 299,120 31.72%

2004 Presidential election

Main article: 2004 Taiwanese presidential election
Party Candidate Votes Percentage
President Vice President
Democratic Progressive Party Chen Shui-Bian Annette Lu 448,770 44.68%
Kuomintang Lien Chan James Soong 555,688 55.32%

2008 presidential election

Main article: 2008 Taiwanese presidential election
Party Candidate Votes Percentage
President Vice President
Democratic Progressive Party Frank Hsieh Su Tseng-Chang 379,416 35.36%
Kuomintang Ma Ying-jeou Vincent Siew 693,602 64.64%

2012 presidential election

Main article: 2012 Taiwanese presidential election
Party Candidate Votes Percentage
President Vice President
Democratic Progressive Party Tsai Ing-Wen Su Jia-chyuan 445,308 39.85%
Kuomintang Ma Ying-jeou Wu Den-yih 639,151 57.20%
Independent (or seen as PFP) James Soong Lin Ruey-shiung 32,927 2.95%

2016 presidential election

Main article: 2016 Taiwanese presidential election
Party Candidate Votes Percentage
President Vice President
Democratic Progressive Party Tsai Ing-Wen Chen Chien-jen 547,573 51.03%
Kuomintang Eric Chu Wang Ju-hsuan 369,013 34.39
style="background-color:Template:People First Party (Taiwan)/meta/color"| People First Party James Soong Hsu Hsin-ying 156,518 14.59

2020 presidential election

Main article: 2020 Taiwanese presidential election
Party Candidate Votes Percentage
President Vice President
Democratic Progressive Party Tsai Ing-Wen William Lai 718,260 54.78%
Kuomintang Han Kuo-yu Chang San-cheng 529,749 40.40%
style="background-color:Template:People First Party (Taiwan)/meta/color"| People First Party James Soong Sandra Yu 63,132 4.81%

Education

National Central University
National Defense University
Army Academy R.O.C.

Public universities

Private universities

Military Academies

Public high schools

Junior high schools

Further information: Education in Taoyuan City

Elementary schools

Further information: Education in Taoyuan City

Industry and environment

A former RCA facility is located in the city. The RCA facility is the source of significant trichloroethylene contamination.

Sports

Taoyuan International Baseball Field.

Taoyuan is home to the Lamigo Monkeys, CPBL, team, which plays its home games at the Taoyuan International Baseball Stadium.

The Taoyuan County Stadium, built in 1993, is a multi-use stadium which is used mostly for football matches and it also has an athletics track. The stadium has a capacity of 30,000 people.[23] It is within walking distance South West from Taoyuan Senior High School Station of the Taiwan Railway Administration.

The Taoyuan Arena, also built in 1993, is an indoor sporting arena located in Taoyuan District. The concept of its roof structure was based on the bicycle structure, the outer ring (to bear pressure) and inner tire (to bear tensile strength) of the bicycle wheels are connected by cable wires. It occupies an area of 1.5 hectare with capacity of 15,000 audiences.[24] It is used to host indoor sporting events, such as basketball and volleyball.

The then-Taoyuan County is also the birthplace of Taiwanese professional golfer Yani Tseng and taekwondo athlete Chu Mu-Yen.

Transportation

TRA Taoyuan Station
THSR Taoyuan Station
Taoyuan International Airport
The Skytrain shuttles passengers between Terminals 1 and 2, Taoyuan International Airport.

Rail

Taiwan Railway Administration (TRA) Western Line（Taoyuan - Neili - Zhongli - Puxin - Yangmei - Fugang）
Taoyuan Taolin Railroad[25] (Linkou Line)
The Taoyuan Taolin Railroad is a railway branch line in Taiwan run by the Taiwan Railway Administration. It is located in Taoyuan and New Taipei City.
Taoyuan Station is located at the Qingpu (青埔) area, in Zhongli District.

Mass Rapid Transit

The rapid transit system is operational since April 2017. (See Taoyuan Mass Rapid Transit System.)

  • Lines and stations of the Taoyuan MRT System:
Line Termini Length (km) Total
Length (km)		 Status
Taoyuan Airport MRT Taipei Sanchong 4.1 53.5 In operation
Sanchong Huanbei 47.4 In operation
Huanbei Zhongli 2.04 Under construction
Blue Airport Terminal 2 Huanbei 17 25.4 In operation
Huanbei Zhongli 2.04 Under construction
Zhongli Bade 6.36 Planning
Red Fengming Zhongli 15.95 29.3 Under construction
Zhongli Fugang 13.35 Planning
Green Bade Dayuan 27.2 27.2 Under construction
Orange Main Line Shanzaiding Huiji Jr High 22.7 Planning
Longtan Line Shanzaiding Longtan Planning
Brown Taolin Line Taoyuan Shanbi 12.5 24.5 Planning
Huilong Line Taoyuan Huilong 12 Planning
Taipei Metro:
Blue-Sanying Line 		Dingpu Fongming Jr High 13.2 18.6 Planning
Fongming Jr High Mayuan 5.4 Planning

Road

National Highway No. 1 and 3 are nearby and connect via local highways to the city itself. National Highway No. 2 connects to Taoyuan International Airport. Bridges in the city are Luofu Bridge.

Bus

  • Taoyuan Bus Co.[26] (in Chinese)
  • Zhongli Bus Co.[27]

Air

Main article: Taipei Taoyuan International Airport

Taipei Taoyuan International Airport at Dayuan District is the largest airport in Taiwan. It serves as the main international hub for China Airlines and EVA Air. Taipei Taoyuan handled a total of 25,114,418 passengers in 2010. It is the fifteenth-busiest air freight hub in the world and thirteenth-busiest airport by international passenger traffic. Taipei Taoyuan International Airport currently has two terminals which are connected by two, short people movers. A third terminal is planned, and a rapid transit system currently under construction will link the terminals together underground.

International relations

Twin towns – Sister cities

Relative location

Notes

Words in native languages

  1. ^ a b

References

  1. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 8 November 2016. Retrieved 21 January 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  2. ^ 《中華民國統計資訊網》縣市重要統計指標查詢系統網 (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 12 June 2016. Retrieved 13 June 2016.
  3. ^ "Demographia World Urban Areas PDF (April 2016)" (PDF). Demographia. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 May 2018. Retrieved 13 June 2016.
  4. ^ 人口統計-桃園市政府民政局. cab.tycg.gov.tw (in Chinese). 7 March 2014. Archived from the original on 25 July 2016. Retrieved 6 June 2016.
  5. ^ "Demographia World Urban Areas PDF" (PDF). Demographia. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 May 2018. Retrieved 30 November 2019.
  6. ^ 桃園縣103年改制直轄市 名為「桃園市」. The Epoch Times. 24 April 2012. Archived from the original on 10 May 2013. Retrieved 29 April 2012.
  7. ^ 農田水利入口網. coa.gov.tw. Archived from the original on 5 January 2014. Retrieved 29 May 2012.
  8. ^ "Climate". Central Weather Bureau. Archived from the original on 12 June 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2014.
  9. ^ "2014 Department of Economic Development, Taoyuan City". edb.tycg.gov.tw. Archived from the original on 5 December 2019.
  10. ^ "move.htm China Airlines. Retrieved on 15 March 2010". Archived from the original on 6 April 2010.
  11. ^ "China Airlines Inaugurates CAL Park at Taoyuan Airport". Archived 14 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine China Airlines. 26 March 2010. Retrieved on 26 March 2010.
  12. ^ "Evergreen Club". Archived 31 July 2009 at the Wayback Machine EVA Air. 24/28. Retrieved on 21 May 2009.
  13. ^ "Contact Us". Evergreen Aviation Technologies Corp. Retrieved on 29 September 2009. Archived 5 July 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  14. ^ "Contact Us" Archived 5 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine. Evergreen Airlines Services Corporation. Retrieved on 29 September 2009.
  15. ^ "Company Location". Archived 22 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine Evergreen Air Cargo Services Corporation. Retrieved on 29 September 2009.
  16. ^ "Asia Silicon Valley Development Agency launches in Taoyuan - New Southbound Policy Portal". New Southbound Policy. Archived from the original on 4 February 2018. Retrieved 3 February 2018.
  17. ^ 臺灣地區鄉鎮市區級以上行政區域名稱中英對照表 (PDF). Online Translation System of Geographic Name, Ministry of Interior. 16 June 2011. p. 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 March 2012.
  18. ^ "Administrative Districts". Taoyuan City Government. 30 September 2017. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  19. ^ 各區簡介. Taoyuan City Government. 13 June 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  20. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 20 December 2014. Retrieved 26 December 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  21. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 11 September 2007. Retrieved 11 September 2007.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
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  23. ^ "Football stadiums of the world – Stadiums in Asia - Football stadiums of the world". www.fussballtempel.net. Archived from the original on 15 October 2017. Retrieved 2 May 2016.
  24. ^ 桃園市政府體育局. Department of Sports, Taoyuan. Archived from the original on 29 January 2018.
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  28. ^ "Taoyuan-KK Friendship Pact proposed". Daily Express. 24 January 2017. Archived from the original on 16 March 2017. Retrieved 17 March 2017.
  29. ^ Mary Chin (5 May 2017). "City and cultural pacts with Taipei soon". Daily Express. Archived from the original on 5 May 2017. Retrieved 6 May 2017.

Media related to Taoyuan City at Wikimedia Commons

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Taoyuan.
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