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Determining the world's largest cities depends on which definitions of city are used. The United Nations uses three definitions for what constitutes a city, as not all cities may be classified using the same criteria.[1] Cities may be defined by the extent of their urban area, the metropolitan region, and the city proper.[1]

Common methods for defining the boundaries of a city

Urban areas

Main article: List of urban areas by population

A city can be defined as a conditionally contiguous urban area, without regard to territorial or other boundaries inside an urban area. UNICEF[1] defines urban area as follows:

The definition of "urban" varies from country to country, and, with periodic reclassification, can also vary within one country over time, making direct comparisons difficult. An urban area can be defined by one or more of the following: administrative criteria or political boundaries (e.g., area within the jurisdiction of a municipality or town committee), a threshold population size (where the minimum for an urban settlement is typically in the region of 2,000 people, although this varies globally between 200 and 50,000), population density, economic function (e.g., where a significant majority of the population is not primarily engaged in agriculture, or where there is surplus employment) or the presence of urban characteristics (e.g., paved streets, electric lighting, sewerage).

Metropolitan area

Main article: List of metropolitan areas by population

A city can be defined by the habits of its demographic population, as by metropolitan area, labour market area, or similar in a metropolitan area. UNICEF[1] defines metropolitan area as follows:

A formal local government area comprising the urban area as a whole and its primary commuter areas, typically formed around a city with a large concentration of people (i.e., a population of at least 100,000). In addition to the city proper, a metropolitan area includes both the surrounding territory with urban levels of residential density and some additional lower-density areas that are adjacent to and linked to the city (e.g., through frequent transport, road linkages or commuting facilities).

City proper (administrative)

Main article: List of cities proper by population

A city can be defined by its administrative boundaries (city proper). World Urbanization Prospects, a UN publication, defines population of a city proper as "the population living within the administrative boundaries of a city or controlled directly from the city by a single authority." UNICEF[1] defines city proper as "the population living within the administrative boundaries of a city, e.g., Washington, D.C.". A city proper is a locality defined according to legal or political boundaries and an administratively recognised urban status that is usually characterised by some form of local government.[2][3][4] Cities proper and their boundaries and population data may not include suburbs.[5]

The use of city proper as defined by administrative boundaries may not include suburban areas where an important proportion of the population working or studying in the city lives.[5] Because of this definition, the city proper population figure may differ greatly with the urban area population figure, as many cities are amalgamations of smaller cities (Australia), and conversely, many Chinese cities govern territories that extend well beyond the traditional "city proper" into suburban and rural areas.[6]

List

City Country Image City Proper Population Urban Area Population[7] Metropolitan Area Population
Shanghai  China 24,256,800[8] 23,416,000[a] 24,750,000[9]
Beijing  China 21,516,000[10] 21,009,000 21,148,000[11]
São Paulo  Brazil 21,292,893[12] 20,365,000 36,842,102[13]
Delhi  India 16,787,941[14] 24,998,000 21,753,486[15]
Lagos  Nigeria 16,060,303[note 1] 13,123,000 21,000,000[18]
Karachi  Pakistan 21,000,000[19] 22,123,000
Istanbul  Turkey 14,377,019[20] 13,287,000 14,377,018[21]
Tokyo  Japan 13,297,629[22] 37,843,000 36,923,000[23]
Mumbai  India 12,478,447[15] 17,712,000 20,748,395[15]
Moscow  Russia File:MIBC2016.jpg 12,197,596[24] 16,170,000
Shenzhen  China 10,780,000[25] 12,084,000 10,630,000[26]
Seoul  South Korea 10,369,593[27] 23,480,000 25,620,000[28]
Jakarta  Indonesia 10,075,310[29] 30,539,000 10,075,310[30]
Guangzhou  China 9,865,702[31] 20,597,000 23,900,000[32]
Kinshasa  Democratic Republic of the Congo 9,735,000[33][34][full citation needed] 11,587,000
Cairo  Egypt 9,278,441[35]
Mexico City  Mexico 8,874,724[36] 20,063,000 21,178,959[37]
Lima  Peru 8,693,387[38] 10,750,000 9,886,647[39]
London  United Kingdom 8,538,689[40] 10,236,000 14,031,830[41]
New York  United States 8,491,079[42] 20,630,000 20,092,883[43]
Bengaluru  India 8,425,970[15] 9,807,000 8,728,906[15]
Bangkok  Thailand 8,280,925[44] 14,998,000 8,305,218[45]
Dongguan  China 8,220,207[46]
Chongqing  China 8,189,800[b]
Nanjing  China 8,187,828[48]
Tehran  Iran 8,154,051[49] 13,532,000 14,595,904[50]
Shenyang  China 8,106,171[51]
Bogotá  Colombia 7,776,845[52] 7,878,783[53]
Ho Chi Minh City  Vietnam 7,681,700[54]
Ningbo  China 7,605,689[55]
Hong Kong  Hong Kong 7,298,600[56] 7,331,699[57]
Baghdad  Iraq 7,180,889[58]
Changsha  China 7,044,118
Dhaka  Bangladesh 6,970,105[59] 15,669,000 17,151,925[60][failed verification]
Wuhan  China 6,886,253[61]
Tianjin  China 6,859,779[62] 10,920,000
Hyderabad  India 6,809,970[15] 7,749,334[15]
Hanoi  Vietnam 6,844,100[54]
Faisalabad  Pakistan 6,480,765[63]
Rio de Janeiro  Brazil 6,429,923[64] 11,727,000 11,973,505[12]
Foshan  China 6,151,622[65][66]
Zunyi  China 6,127,009
Santiago  Chile 5,743,719[67] 6,683,852[68]
Riyadh  Saudi Arabia 5,676,621[69]
Ahmedabad  India 5,570,585[15] 6,352,254[15]
Singapore  Singapore 5,535,000[70]
Shantou  China 5,391,028[71]
Yangon  Myanmar 5,214,000[72]
Saint Petersburg  Russia 5,191,690[73]
Chennai  India 4,792,949[74] 8,917,749[15]
Abidjan  Ivory Coast 4,765,000[33]
Chengdu  China 4,741,929[75] 10,376,000
Alexandria  Egypt 4,616,625[76]
Kolkata  India 4,486,679[15] 14,667,000 14,617,882[15]
Ankara  Turkey 4,470,800[77]
Xi'an  China 4,467,837[78]
Surat  India 4,462,002[15]
Johannesburg  South Africa 4,434,827[79]
Dar es Salaam  Tanzania 4,364,541[80]
Suzhou  China 4,327,066[81]
Harbin  China 4,280,701[82][83]
Giza  Egypt 4,239,988[84] 15,600,000
Zhengzhou  China File:Hnyszx.png 4,122,087[85]
New Taipei City  Taiwan 3,954,929[86]
Los Angeles  United States 3,884,307[87] 15,058,000 13,262,220[43]
Cape Town  South Africa 3,740,026[79]
Yokohama  Japan 3,680,267[88]
Busan  South Korea 3,590,101[89]
Hangzhou  China 3,560,391[90]
Xiamen  China 3,531,347[91]
Quanzhou  China 3,520,846[92]
Berlin  Germany 3,517,424[93]
Rawalpindi  Pakistan 3,510,000[citation needed]
Jeddah  Saudi Arabia 3,456,259[94]
Durban  South Africa 3,442,361[79]
Hyderabad  Pakistan 3,429,471[95]
Kabul  Afghanistan 3,414,100[96]
Casablanca  Morocco 3,359,818[97]
Hefei  China 3,352,076[98]
Pyongyang  North Korea 3,255,388[99]
Madrid  Spain 3,207,247[100] 6,378,297[41]
Peshawar  Pakistan 3,201,000[citation needed]
Ekurhuleni  South Africa 3,178,470[79]
Nairobi  Kenya 3,138,369[101]
Zhongshan  China 3,121,275[102]
Pune  India 3,115,431[15]
Addis Ababa  Ethiopia 3,103,673[103]
Jaipur  India 3,073,350[15]
Buenos Aires  Argentina 3,054,300[104] 14,122,000 13,074,000[105]
Wenzhou  China 3,039,439[106]
Osaka  Japan 17,444,000 19,342,000[23]
Paris  France 10,858,000 12,005,077[41]
Manila  Philippines 1,652,171[107] 24,123,000 11,855,975[108]
Chicago  United States 9,554,598[43]
Nagoya  Japan 10,177,000 9,107,000[23]
Taipei  Taiwan 7,045,488[109]
Taipei  Taiwan 6,954,330[43]
Luanda  Angola 6,542,944[110]
Houston  United States 6,490,180[43]
Philadelphia  United States 6,051,170[43]
Lahore  Pakistan 10,052,000
  1. ^ Shanghai, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Suzhou, Wuxi, Ningbo, Changzhou, Shaoxing, and urban area of Zhangjiaggang-Jiangyin within the prefecture-level cities of Suzhou and Wuxi are treated as separate urban areas which constitute the Yangtze River Delta economic zone. Huai'an (1,856,000; 148 km2), Xuzhou (1,246,000; 233 km2), Nantong (1,036,000; 233 km2), Lianyungang (985,000; 155 km2), Zhenjiang (983,000; 168 km2), Yancheng (797,000; 207 km2), Huzhou (690,000; 111 km2), Taizhou (in Jiangsu Province; 300,000; 117 km2) and Suqian (220,000; 36 km2), as well as urban areas of Yangzhou (1,593,000; 233 km2) and Gaoyou (180,000; 39 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Yangzhou, urban areas of Kunshan (1,596,000; 492 km2), Changshu (1,139,000; 285 km2) and Taicang (523,000; 117 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Suzhou, urban areas of Cixi (1,200,000; 298 km2) and Yuyao (650,000; 122 km2) within the sub-provincial city of Ningbo, urban areas of Jiaxing (1,044,000; 259 km2) and Tongxiang (510,000; 52 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Jiaxing, urban areas of Wenling (510,000; 52 km2), Jiaojiang (375,000; 41 km2) and Huangyan (200,000; 34 km2) within the prefectrure-level city of Taizhou (in Zhejiang Province), urban areas of Zhuji (500,000; 117 km2) and Shangyu (400,000; 158 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Shaoxing, urban areas of Yiwu-Dongyang (925,000; 233 km2), Jinhua (520,000; 186 km2), Yongkang (500,000; 223 km2), Dongyang (260,000; 104 km2) and Lanxi (220,000; 34 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Jinhua, and urban area of Fuyang (450,000; 49 km2) within the sub-provincial city of Hangzhou are also excluded.
  2. ^ Sum of the 2014 population estimates for the "urban-function core district" and "urban-function extended district" of Chongqing, which were 3,677,600 and 4,512,200 respectively.[47] See also the next note.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Lagos consists 16 out of Lagos State's 20 LGA, which excludes: Badagry, Epe, Ibeju-Lekki and Ikorodu.[16][17]

References

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