Baozi

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"Nunu" redirects here. For the psychotropic snuff used by Matsés people, see Nu-nu.
Baozi
meat baozi for sale on a market
Alternative namesBao, humbow, nunu, pau
TypeFilled steamed bread
Place of originChina
Created byZhuge Liang
VariationsDabao, xiaobao
Baozi
Chinese包子

Template:Contains Chinese text

A baozi (Chinese: 包子ⓘ) or simply known as bao, bau, humbow, nunu, bakpao (Hokkien), bausak, pow, pau or pao (Hakka) is a type of steamed, filled, bun or bread-like (i.e. made with yeast) item in various Chinese cuisines, as there is much variation as to the fillings and the preparations. In its bun-like aspect it is very similar to the traditional Chinese mantou. It can be filled with meat and/or vegetarian fillings. In Japanese, the dish is known as "paozu".

Two types are found in most parts of China and Indonesia: Dàbāo (大包, "big bun"), measuring about 10 cm across, served individually, and usually purchased for take-away. The other type, Xiǎobāo (小包, "small bun"), measure approximately 5 cm wide, and are most commonly eaten in restaurants, but may also be purchased for take-away. Each order consists of a steamer containing between three and ten pieces. A small ceramic dish is provided for vinegar or soy sauce, both of which are available in bottles at the table, along with chili and garlic paste.

History

According to legend, they were invented by the Chinese scholar and military strategist Zhuge Liang during the Three Kingdoms period (3rd century AD).[1]

Types

Cha siu bao
Tianjin Goubuli
Shanghai Xiaolongbao
Tangbao in Yangzhou
Naihuangbao
Japanese variations
Making of baozi
English name Chinese name
Simplified / Traditional
Pinyin 		Other names Description
Cha siu bao, Charsiu bau 叉烧包 / 叉燒包
chāshāobāo		 manapua filled with barbecue-flavoured char siu pork; typical of Cantonese cuisine (Guangdong province and Hong Kong)
Goubuli baozi [狗不理包子] Error: {{Lang}}: unrecognized language tag: zh-han (help)
gǒubùlǐ bāozi		 a well known brand of meat-filled baozi considered characteristic of Tianjin, Northern China; its name literally means, "Baozi ignored by dogs"
Xiaolongbao 小笼包 / 小籠包
xiǎolóngbāo		 a small, meat-filled baozi from Shanghai containing a juicy broth. Because it is succulent and prepared only with thin, partially leavened dough, it is sometimes considered different from other bao types, and more closely resembles a jiaozi (dumpling)
Shengjian mantou 生煎馒头 / 生煎饅頭
shēngjiān mántou		 a small, meat-filled, fried baozi from Shanghai
Tangbaozi 汤包 / 湯包
tāngbāo		 a large soup-filled baozi from Yangzhou drunk through a straw;
in other areas of China, it is small in size with rich soup
Doushabao [豆沙包] Error: {{Lang}}: unrecognized language tag: zh-han (help)
dòushābāo		 Hokkien: tāu-se-pau filled with sweet bean paste
Lotus seed bun [莲蓉包] Error: {{Lang}}: unrecognized language tag: zh-han (help)
liánróngbāo		 filled with sweetened lotus seed paste
Kaya-baozi filled with Kaya, a popular jam made from coconut, eggs, and sometimes pandan in Malaysia and Singapore
Naihuangbao 奶黄包 / 奶黃包
nǎihuángbāo		 filled with sweet yellow custard filling
Shāobāo 烧包 / [燒包] Error: {{Lang}}: unrecognized language tag: zh-han (help)
shāobāo		 Spanish: siópao; Philippine: siyopaw steamed, filled with either chicken, pork, shrimp or salted egg
Zhimabao [芝麻包] Error: {{Lang}}: unrecognized language tag: zh-han (help)
zhīmabāo		 steamed, filled with a black sesame paste
Yacaibao (Beansprout-bao) [芽菜包] Error: {{Lang}}: unrecognized language tag: zh-han (help)
Yácàibāo		 steamed, filled with a type of pickle, spices and possibly other vegetables or meat, common in Sichuan, China
Bah-pau [肉包] Error: {{Lang}}: unrecognized language tag: zh-han (help)
ròubāo		 Hokkien: Bah-pau filled with pork
Big Pau [大包] Error: {{Lang}}: unrecognized language tag: zh-han (help)
dàbāo		 large buns filled with pork, eggs and other ingredients

Culture

In many Chinese cultures, these buns are a popular food, and widely available. While they can be eaten at any meal, baozi are often eaten for breakfast. They are also popular as a portable snack or meal.

The dish is has also become common place throughout various regions of South East Asia due to longstanding Chinese immigration.

  • Due to the long history of Chinese overseas diaspora in Malaysia, the Malays have adopted these buns as their own. A particularly Malay form of the baozi (called pau in Malay) is filled with potato curry, chicken curry or beef curry that are similar to the fillings of Malay curry puffs. Some variants have a quail egg in the middle, in addition to the curry. Due to the Muslim beliefs of most Malays, these buns are halal and contain no pork. One can find Malay stalls selling the buns by the roadside, at pasar malams (night markets), highway rest stops, and pasar Ramadans (Ramadan food bazaars).
  • Similarly, in Indonesia the dish has been adopted into Indonesian cuisine through the integration of Chinese culture. It has been adopted through the Hokkien name of "Bakpao". Excluding existing meat filling, local variants include: chocolate, sweet potato, and marmalade filling.
  • In the Philippines, their version of Baozi is called Siopao brought by Chinese immigrants (Sangleys) prior to Spanish colonialism. A Filipino siopao filing contains Meatball, Philippine adobo, flaked tuna and pork, and sometimes chocolate and cheese.
  • A similar concept is also present in Thailand as they are called salapao.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ See Etymology of "mantou"
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