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Coordinates: 17°41′17″N 74°00′22″E / 17.688°N 74.006°E / 17.688; 74.006
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===Medieval===
===Medieval===
The first Muslim invasion of the Deccan took place in 1296. In 1636 the [[Nizam Shahi]] dynasty came to an end. In 1663 [[Chatrapati Shivaji|Shivaji]] conquered Parali and Satara fort. After the death of [[Chatrapati Shivaji|Shivaji]], Shahu Shivaji, heir apparent to the Maratha Kingdom, captured by Mughals when he was only seven years old, remained their prisoner till the death of his father in 1700. The Dowager Maharani Tarabai proclaimed his younger half-brother, and her son, Shahu Sambhaji as Chhatrapati Maharaj under her regency. Mughals released Shahu under certain preconditions in 1707, so that Marathas would face an internal war for the throne. Shahu returned to the Maratha Empire and claimed his inheritance. [[Aurangzeb]]'s son Muhammad Azam Shah conquered Satara fort (Ajinkyatara) after a 6-month siege, later won by Parshuram Pratinidhi in 1706. In 1708 [[Chattrapati Shahu]], the son of Chhatrapati Sambhaji, was crowned at the Satara fort. The direct descendants of Raja Shivaji continue to live in Satara. [[Udayanraje Bhonsle]] is the 13th descendant of [[Shivaji Maharaj]]. Dundle is the Sardar Of Chhatrpati Shivaji Maharaj.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.satara.gov.in/en/history/ |title=Satara District : Historical reference |website=www.satara.gov.in}}</ref>
The first Muslim invasion of the Deccan took place in 1296. In 1636 the [[Nizam Shahi]] dynasty came to an end. In 1663 [[Chatrapati Shivaji|Shivaji]] conquered Parali and Satara fort. After the death of [[Chatrapati Shivaji|Shivaji]], Shahu Shivaji, heir apparent to the Maratha Kingdom, captured by Mughals when he was only seven years old, remained their prisoner till the death of his father in 1700. The Dowager Maharani Tarabai proclaimed his younger half-brother, and her son, Shahu Sambhaji as Chhatrapati Maharaj under her regency. Mughals released Shahu under certain preconditions in 1707, so that Marathas would face an internal war for the throne. Shahu returned to the Maratha Empire and claimed his inheritance. [[Aurangzeb]]'s son Muhammad Azam Shah conquered Satara fort (Ajinkyatara) after a 6-month siege, later won by Parshuram Pratinidhi in 1706. In 1708 [[Chattrapati Shahu]], the son of Chhatrapati Sambhaji, was crowned at the Satara fort. The direct descendants of Raja Shivaji continue to live in Satara. [[Udayanraje Bhonsle]] is the 13th descendant of [[Shivaji Maharaj]]. Dundle is the Sardar Of Chhatrpati Shivaji Maharaj.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.satara.gov.in/en/history/ |title=Satara District : Historical reference |website=www.satara.gov.in}}</ref>

== Economy ==
Sugarcane is the single biggest crop of Satara. The Satara district has around 302 banks. The per capita of Satara district is nearly 1.2 times the state average.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/demonetisation-satara-farmers-willing-to-bite-the-bitter-bullet/articleshow/55515077.cms?from=mdr|title=Demonetisation: Satara farmers willing to bite the bitter bullet|last=Seetharaman|first=G.|date=2016-11-20|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2020-01-16}}</ref> The British had, during the pre-Independence period started a variety of industries in Satara for Menthol and soap manufacturing in 1905. Bigger industries for copper were started in 1922. After independence, the whole district was stagnant in industrial growth. From 1950-60, industrial growth restarted and manufacture of jaggery was started in the Satara Tehsil area. There is tanning industry in Satara city. It existed during the British rule, and after independence, the Maharashtra government established a modern tanning center in 1957.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/135123/9/09%20growth%20and%20distribution%20of%20industriesin%20satara%20tehsil.pdf|title=INDUSTRIAL DISTRIBUTION AND
DEVELOPMENT IN SATARA TEHSIL|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref>


==Features==
==Features==

Revision as of 11:01, 16 January 2020

For the moth genus, see Satara (moth).
Satara
Shahunagari
City
Clockwise from top: Chaarbhinti, Natraj Mandir, The name Satara in three scripts: Modi, Devnagri and Latin; Kshetra Mahuli, Ajinkyatara Fort, and the panorama of the city of Satara
Clockwise from top: Chaarbhinti, Natraj Mandir, The name Satara in three scripts: Modi, Devnagri and Latin; Kshetra Mahuli, Ajinkyatara Fort, and the panorama of the city of Satara
Satara is located in Maharashtra
Satara
Satara
Location of Satara in Maharashtra
Coordinates: 17°41′17″N 74°00′22″E / 17.688°N 74.006°E / 17.688; 74.006
Country India
StateMaharashtra
DistrictSatara
Established16th century
Founded byChhatrapati Shahu Maharaj
Named for'Saat Tara' or Saat Tare meaning Seven Stars denoting the seven hill forts in the adjoining areas of the city
Government
 • BodyMunicipality of Satara
Area
 • Total22.42 km2 (8.66 sq mi)
Elevation
742 m (2,434 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total120,079
DemonymSatarkar
Language
 • OfficialMarathi
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
415001, 415002, 415003, 415004, 415005, 415006
Telephone code02162
Vehicle registrationMH-11
Websitewww.satara.nic.in

Satara (pronunciationⓘ) (ISO: Sātārā) is a city located in the Satara District of Maharashtra state of India, near the confluence of the river Krishna and its tributary, the Venna.[1] The city was established in the 16th century and was the seat of the Raja of Satara, Chhatrapati Shahu. It is the headquarters of Satara Tehsil, as well as the Satara District. The city gets its name from the seven forts (Sat-Tara) which are around the city.

History

Medieval

The first Muslim invasion of the Deccan took place in 1296. In 1636 the Nizam Shahi dynasty came to an end. In 1663 Shivaji conquered Parali and Satara fort. After the death of Shivaji, Shahu Shivaji, heir apparent to the Maratha Kingdom, captured by Mughals when he was only seven years old, remained their prisoner till the death of his father in 1700. The Dowager Maharani Tarabai proclaimed his younger half-brother, and her son, Shahu Sambhaji as Chhatrapati Maharaj under her regency. Mughals released Shahu under certain preconditions in 1707, so that Marathas would face an internal war for the throne. Shahu returned to the Maratha Empire and claimed his inheritance. Aurangzeb's son Muhammad Azam Shah conquered Satara fort (Ajinkyatara) after a 6-month siege, later won by Parshuram Pratinidhi in 1706. In 1708 Chattrapati Shahu, the son of Chhatrapati Sambhaji, was crowned at the Satara fort. The direct descendants of Raja Shivaji continue to live in Satara. Udayanraje Bhonsle is the 13th descendant of Shivaji Maharaj. Dundle is the Sardar Of Chhatrpati Shivaji Maharaj.[2]

Economy

Sugarcane is the single biggest crop of Satara. The Satara district has around 302 banks. The per capita of Satara district is nearly 1.2 times the state average.[3] The British had, during the pre-Independence period started a variety of industries in Satara for Menthol and soap manufacturing in 1905. Bigger industries for copper were started in 1922. After independence, the whole district was stagnant in industrial growth. From 1950-60, industrial growth restarted and manufacture of jaggery was started in the Satara Tehsil area. There is tanning industry in Satara city. It existed during the British rule, and after independence, the Maharashtra government established a modern tanning center in 1957.[4]

Features

  • Satara is well known for its sweet: kandi pedhe. [citation needed]
  • Satara is located at foot of the famous Ajinkyatara fort.
  • Satara has a unique statue of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj standing near a canon, at Powai Naka. Generally statue of Shivaji maharaj is seen him riding the horse.[citation needed]
  • Kas plateau / Flower plateau, now a World Natural Heritage site.[5]
  • Satara has two palaces in the heart the of city, the Old Palace (Juna Rajwada) and the New Palace (Nava Rajwada) adjoining each other. The Old Palace was built around 300 years ago, and the New Palace was built about 200 years ago.
  • Thoseghar Waterfalls around 20 km west of Satara. It is one of the best monsoon tourist places in the Western Ghats. People come from all over the Maharashtra to visit the falls, especially during the monsoon season between July and October.
  • Vajrai Waterfall, India's highest waterfall, around 22 km from Satara.
  • Sajjangad, around 15 km from Satara.
  • Satara hosts 'Satara Half Hill Marathon' each year.[6] In 2015, they entered the Guinness World Records book for Most People in a Mountain Run (Single Mountain) with 2,618 runners.[7][8]
  • Satara city is known as a Soldier's city as well as Pensioner's city.

How to visit

Satara is about 250 km from Mumbai on National Highway 48 (via Mumbai Pune Expressway and PB road). Train services from Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus railway station, Mumbai to Kolhapur via Satara. Private travels and government state transport buses are available from Borivali, Dadar, Mumbai Central and Thane to Satara. Satara is around 110 km from Pune (Pune Airport is the nearest airport) by road.

Geography

View of Satara at sunset from Chaarbhinti

Satara is located at 17°41′N 73°59′E / 17.68°N 73.98°E / 17.68; 73.98.[9] It lies in the Satara District.[10] Satara city is surrounded by seven mountains. Satara lies on the slope of Ajinkyatara fort.[11] It lies on the western side of the Deccan Plateau. Pune and Solapur are the main cities close to Satara.[12] The city is surrounded by the tehsils of Koregaon on the West, Karad and Patan on the South, Jawali on the East and Wai on the North.[13]

National Highway 48 (formerly National Highway 4) passes through Satara, between Karad and Khandala.[14] Kaas Plateau, a valley of flowers, is situated 25 kms away from Satara .[15] Water from the Kaas lake is supplied to Satara city for drinking purposes.[16]

The Satara District experiences earthquakes of minor magnitudes. the epicenter of these earthquakes are scattered in Phaltan district.[17]

Climate

Satara city has a pleasant climate all year round due to mountains surrounding the city. Summers are not too hot and winters are not too cold. Satara city receives moderate rainfall around 1,200 to 1,500 mm all year round.

Climate data for Satara
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 29.0
(84.2) 		30.8
(87.4) 		34.6
(94.3) 		36.3
(97.3) 		34.8
(94.6) 		29.4
(84.9) 		25.4
(77.7) 		25.7
(78.3) 		27.2
(81.0) 		30.2
(86.4) 		28.6
(83.5) 		28.4
(83.1) 		30.0
(86.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 11.0
(51.8) 		12.6
(54.7) 		17.3
(63.1) 		20.1
(68.2) 		22.4
(72.3) 		21.6
(70.9) 		21.0
(69.8) 		20.4
(68.7) 		20.1
(68.2) 		18.6
(65.5) 		14.7
(58.5) 		11.2
(52.2) 		17.6
(63.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 3.1
(0.12) 		1.3
(0.05) 		3.3
(0.13) 		18.3
(0.72) 		34.8
(1.37) 		134.4
(5.29) 		370.3
(14.58) 		296.9
(11.69) 		125.0
(4.92) 		81.5
(3.21) 		49.3
(1.94) 		6.9
(0.27) 		1,125.1
(44.29)
Source: Government of Maharashtra

Tourism

The famous tourist points near Satara city are:

Kas plateau, Satara (World Heritage Site)[5]
Bamnoli boating view
A view of Narayan Maharaj Math from Shembdi Vaghali-Bamnoli Road
A sunset view from Naryan Maharaj Math, Bamnoli

Demographics

As of 2011 India census,[19] Satara had a population of 120,079; males constituted 52% of the population and females 48%. Satara has an average literacy rate of 80%, higher than the national average of 74%: male literacy is 84%, and female literacy is 76%. In Satara, 10% of the population is under 6 years of age. Marathi is the native and most widely spoken language.

Maharashtra state's sex ratio is 883 girls per 1000 boys, and Satara fares worse still at 881, in spite of the high level of literacy.[20]

The population of Satara has crossed the municipal limits and actual urban agglomerate population 326,765.

Religions in Satara city
Religion Percent
Hindus
 
 83.3%
Muslims
 
 7.7%
Christian
 
 4%
Jain
 
 3.7%
Buddhist
 
 1.3%
Others†
 
 1%
Distribution of religions
†Includes Sikhs (0.2%), Parsi (0.8%).

Notable people

Transport

Satara city is well connected with the rest of Maharashtra by road and rail. National Highway 48 a part of the Golden Quadrilateral running between Delhi and Chennai passes through Satara connecting Mumbai and Pune on north side and kolhapur on south side in Maharashtra. A bypass was constructed to avoid traffic congestion in the city. National Highway 965D connects Kedgaon, Supe, Morgaon, Nira, Lonand, Wathar up to Satara. National Highway 548C starts from Satara, Satara-Akluj-Latur Highway connects Satara city to Latur, it passes through Koregaon, Pusegaon, Mhaswad, Akluj, Tembhurni and Murud. It will also be a 4 lane highway, work is going to start soon. State Highway 58 connects Satara with Mahabaleshwar and Solapur.[citation needed]

Satara railway station lies on the Pune-Miraj line of the Central Railways and is administered by the Pune Railway Division. The railway station is located a small distance east of the city and is served by several express trains. Sahyadri Express, Koyna Express, Mahalaxmi Express, Maharashtra Express, Goa Express are daily trains that have stops at Satara.[citation needed] Satara Mahad Bankot is a newly declared national highway connecting Satara to the Konkan region.

See also

References

  1. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Satara" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 227.
  2. ^ "Satara District : Historical reference". www.satara.gov.in.
  3. ^ Seetharaman, G. (20 November 2016). "Demonetisation: Satara farmers willing to bite the bitter bullet". The Economic Times. Retrieved 16 January 2020.
  4. ^ "INDUSTRIAL DISTRIBUTION AND DEVELOPMENT IN SATARA TEHSIL" (PDF). {{cite web}}: line feed character in |title= at position 28 (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. ^ a b Mulla, Mohsin (4 July 2012). "Kaas to bloom for only 2,000 tourists daily". Dnaindia.com.
  6. ^ "Satara Hill Half Marathon on September 6 - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
  7. ^ Avlani, Shrenik (4 January 2016). "Runs you cannot miss in 2016". livemint.com/. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
  8. ^ "Most people in a mountain run - single mountain". Guinness World Records. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
  9. ^ "Maps, Weather, and Airports for Satara, India". Fallingrain.com. Retrieved 18 August 2017.
  10. ^ "GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES OF SATARA DISTRICT" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  11. ^ "Groundwater Surveys and Development Agency Website".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  12. ^ "GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES OF SATARA DISTRICT" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  13. ^ "GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES OF SATARA DISTRICT" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  14. ^ "Satara District Map". Mapsofindia.com. Retrieved 31 March 2015.
  15. ^ "Official Website Of Kaas". www.kas.ind.in. Retrieved 16 January 2020.
  16. ^ "GEOGRAPHICAL SET UP OF THE STUDY REGION" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  17. ^ "Groundwater Surveys and Development Agency Website".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  18. ^ "VirajTravels – Perfect place to find all holiday packages". virajtravels.in. Retrieved 18 August 2017.
  19. ^ Cities having population 1 lakh and above. Censusindia.gov.in
  20. ^ Babu, Chaya. 285 Indian girls no longer called "unwanted". Associated Press via NBC News. 22 October 2011

Further reading

  • Paul H. von Tucher: Nationalism: Case and crisis in Mission – German Missions in British India 1939 – 1946 Diss. Erlangen 1980. Author's edition Erlangen/Germany 1980. Read SATARA.
  • Wilhelm Filchner: Life of a Researcher (chapter XXIII). Wilhelm Filchner was interned from September 1941 until November 1946 in the Parole Camp in Satara.
  • Selections from the Historical Records of the Hereditary Minister of Baroda. Consisting of letters from Bombay, Baroda, Poona and Satara Governments. Collected by B. A. Gupte. Calcutta 1922.
  • Malik, S. C. Stone Age Industries of the Bombay & Satara Districts, M. Sayajirao University Baroda 1959.
  • Irawati Karve, Jayant Sadashiv Randadive, The Social Dynamics of a Growing Town and Its Surrounding Area. Deccan College, 1965, Poona. ISBN B0000CQW3J
  • Valunjkar, T. N. Social Organization, Migration & Change in a Village Community, Deccan College Poona 1966.
  • Dr. B.R.Ambedkar writes about his experience while living as a child in Satara in his autobiographical book, Waiting for a Visa [1]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Satara.


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