July 30
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Template:Linked-title is the 211th day (212th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 154 days remaining.
Events
- 1419 - First Defenestration of Prague.
- 1502 - Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islands off the coast of Honduras during his fourth voyage.
- 1608 - At Ticonderoga (now Crown Point, New York), Samuel de Champlain shoots and kills two Iroquois chiefs. This was to set the tone for French-Iroquois relations for the next one hundred years.
- 1619 - In Jamestown, Virginia, the first representative assembly in the Americas, the House of Burgesses, convenes for the first time.
- 1629 - An earthquake in Naples, Italy kills 10,000 people.
- 1729 - Baltimore, Maryland is founded.
- 1733 - First Freemasons lodge opened in what will become the United States.
- 1756 - Bartolomeo Rastrelli presents the newly-built Catherine Palace to Empress Elizabeth and her courtiers.
- 1825 - Malden Island discovered.
- 1863 - Indian Wars: Chief Pocatello of the Shoshone tribe signs the Treaty of Box Elder, promising to stop harassing the emigrant trails in southern Idaho and northern Utah.
- 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of the Crater - Union forces attempt to break Confederate lines by exploding a large bomb under their trenches.
- 1866 - New Orleans's Democratic government ordered police to raid an integrated GOP meeting, killing 40 people and injuring 150.
- 1930 - In Montevideo, Uruguay win the first Football World Cup.
- 1932 - Olympic Games: The Games of the X Olympiad open in Los Angeles, California.
- 1932 - Walt Disney's Flowers and Trees, the first Academy Award winning cartoon and first cartoon short to use Technicolor, premieres.
- 1945 - World War II: Japanese submarine I-58 sinks the USS Indianapolis (CA-35), killing 883 seamen.
- 1953 - Rikidōzan holds a ceremony announcing the establishment of the Japan Pro Wrestling Alliance.
- 1954 - Elvis Presley makes his debut as a public performer.
- 1956 - A Joint resolution of the U.S. Congress is signed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, authorizing "In God We Trust" as the U.S. national motto.
- 1965 - US President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Social Security Act of 1965 into law, establishing Medicare and Medicaid.
- 1966 - At Wembley Stadium, host England wins the Football World Cup, After drawing 2-2 at the end of 90 minutes, England beat West Germany 4-2.
- 1969 - Vietnam War: US President Richard M. Nixon makes an unscheduled visit to South Vietnam and meets with President Nguyen Van Thieu and with U.S. military commanders.
- 1970 - Powder Ridge Rock Festival.
- 1971 - Project Apollo: Apollo 15 Mission - David Scott and James Irwin on Lunar module, Falcon, land with first Lunar Rover on the moon.
- 1971 - An All Nippon Airways Boeing 727 and a Japanese Air Force F-86 collide over Morioka, Japan killing 162.
- 1974 - Watergate Scandal: US President Richard M. Nixon releases subpoenaed White House recordings after being ordered to do so by the United States Supreme Court.
- 1975 - Jimmy Hoffa disappears from the parking lot of the Machus Red Fox restaurant in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit, at about 2:30 p.m. He is never seen or heard from again.
- 1980 - Vanuatu gains independence.
- 1990 - The first Saturn automobile rolls off the assembly line.
- 1997 - A double suicide bombing kills 14 people in Jerusalem,Israel.
- 1997 - Eighteen lives are lost in the Thredbo Landslide in New South Wales, Australia.
- 2002 - Los Angeles Sparks center Lisa Leslie became the first woman to dunk in a WNBA league basketball game.
- 2002 - The accounting law referred to as "The Sarbanes Oxley Act" was signed into law by United States President George W. Bush.
- 2003 - In Mexico, the last 'old style' Volkswagen Beetle rolls off the assembly line.
- 2003 - 490,000 Rock Fans attend Sarsfest concert at Downsview Park in Toronto, Canada, Headlined by The Rolling Stones, AC/DC Rush, The Tea Party, and 12 other major rock acts.
- 2004 - A gas explosion kills 16 people in Belgium.
- 2006 - World's longest running music show Top of the Pops broadcast for the last time on BBC Two. The show has aired for 42 years.
Births
- 1470 - Hongzhi, Emperor of China (d. 1505)
- 1511 - Giorgio Vasari, Italian painter and architect (d. 1574)
- 1549 - Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1609)
- 1641 - Regnier de Graaf, Dutch physician and anatomist (d. 1673)
- 1691 - Brendan Byrne, Irish writer (d. 1949)
- 1763 - Samuel Rogers, English author (d. 1855)
- 1818 - Emily Brontë, English novelist (d. 1848)
- 1855 - Georg Wilhelm von Siemens, German industrialist (d. 1919)
- 1857 - Thorstein Veblen, American economist (d. 1929)
- 1859 - Henry Simpson Lunn, English humanitarian (d. 1939)
- 1863 - Henry Ford, American industrialist (d. 1947)
- 1889 - Franz Masereel, Belgian painter (d. 1972)
- 1889 - Vladimir Zworykin, Russian physicist (d. 1982)
- 1890 - Casey Stengel, American baseball manager (d. 1975)
- 1893 - Fatima Jinnah, Pakistani Mother of the Nation (d. 1967)
- 1895 - Wanda Hawley, American actress (d. 1963)
- 1898 - Henry Moore, English sculptor (d. 1986)
- 1899 - Gerald Moore, English pianist (d. 1987)
- 1904 - Salvador Novo, Mexican writer (d. 1974)
- 1904 - Tsarevich Alexei of Russia (d. 1918)
- 1909 - C. Northcote Parkinson, British historian (d. 1993)
- 1910 - Edgar de Evia, American mountain climber (d. 2003)
- 1914 - Lord Killanin, Irish International Olympic Committee president (d. 1999)
- 1916 - Dick Wilson, American actor
- 1919 - Berniece Baker Miracle, half-sister of Marilyn Monroe
- 1921 - Grant Johannesen, American pianist (d. 2005)
- 1925 - Alexander Trocchi, Scottish writer (d. 1984)
- 1926 - Christine McGuire, American singer (The McGuire Sisters)
- 1928 - Eunice Muñoz, Portuguese actress
- 1930 - Thomas Sowell, American economist
- 1933 - Edward Byrnes, American actor
- 1934 - Bud Selig, baseball commissioner
- 1936 - Buddy Guy, American guitarist and singer
- 1936 - Infanta Pilar of Spain
- 1937 - Keizo Obuchi, 84th Prime Minister of Japan (d. 2000)
- 1938 - Hervé de Charette, French politician
- 1939 - Peter Bogdanovich, American film director
- 1940 - Pat Schroeder, American politician
- 1940 - Clive Sinclair, British entrepreneur
- 1941 - Paul Anka, Canadian singer and composer
- 1945 - David Sanborn, American musician
- 1946 - Neil Bonnett, American race car driver (d. 1994)
- 1947 - Arnold Schwarzenegger, Austrian-born American actor, bodybuilder, and Governor of California
- 1947 - William Atherton, American actor
- 1948 - Jean Reno, Moroccan-born French actor
- 1950 - Frank Stallone, American singer and actor
- 1956 - Delta Burke, American actress
- 1956 - Réal Cloutier, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1956 - Anita Hill, American author
- 1957 - Nery Pumpido, Argentine football goalkeeper
- 1957 - Rat Scabies, British musician
- 1957 - Clint Hurdle, American baseball player and manager
- 1958 - Kate Bush, British musician
- 1958 - Daley Thompson, English decathlete
- 1960 - Richard Linklater, American director
- 1961 - Laurence Fishburne, American actor
- 1962 - Alton Brown, American television host and chef
- 1963 - Lisa Kudrow, American actress
- 1963 - Chris Mullin, basketball player
- 1964 - Vivica A. Fox, American actress
- 1964 - Jürgen Klinsmann, German football player and manager
- 1968 - Robert Korzeniowski, Polish athlete
- 1969 - Simon Baker, American actor
- 1970 - Christopher Nolan, British film director
- 1971 - Tom Green, Canadian comedian and actor
- 1971 - Christine Taylor, American actress
- 1973 - Markus Naslund, Swedish icehockey player
- 1973 - Sonu Nigam, Indian singer/actor
- 1974 - Hilary Swank, American actress
- 1974 - Radostin Kishishev, Bulgarian footballer
- 1975 - Graham Nicholls, British artist
- 1975 - Cherie Priest, American writer
- 1977 - Jaime Pressly, American actress
- 1979 - Graeme McDowell, Northern Irish professional golfer
- 1979 - Ian Watkins, Welsh singer (Lostprophets)
- 1980 - Sara Anzanello, Italian volleyball player
- 1981 - Nicky Hayden, American motorcycle racer
- 1982 - Matthew Johnson, American rapper
- 1983 - Sean Dillon, Irish footballer
- 1984 - Kevin Pittsnogle, American basketball player
- 1985 - Daniel Fredheim Holm, Norwegian footballer
- 1990 - Martin Stosch, German singer
Deaths
- 578 - Jacob Baradaeus, Bishop of Edessa
- 579 - Pope Benedict I
- 1540 - Thomas Abel, English priest (martyred)
- 1540 - Robert Barnes, English churchman (martyred) (b. 1495)
- 1550 - Thomas Wriothesley, 1st Earl of Southampton, English politician (b. 1505)
- 1652 - Charles Amédée de Savoie, 6th Duc de Nemours, French soldier (b. 1624)
- 1680 - Thomas Butler, Earl of Ossory, Irish naval commander (b. 1634)
- 1683 - Maria Theresa of Spain, queen of Louis XIV of France (b. 1638)
- 1691 - Daniel Georg Morhof, German writer and scholar (b. 1639)
- 1715 - Nahum Tate, Irish poet (b. 1652)
- 1718 - William Penn, English founder of the Province of Pennsylvania (b. 1644)
- 1771 - Thomas Gray, English poet and letter-writer (b. 1716)
- 1875 - George Pickett, American Confederate general (b. 1825)
- 1898 - Otto von Bismarck, 1st Chancellor of the German Empire (b. 1815)
- 1900 - Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (b. 1844)
- 1912 - Emperor Meiji, Japanese emperor (b. 1852)
- 1918 - Joyce Kilmer, American poet (b. 1886)
- 1947 - Joseph Cook, 6th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1860)
- 1970 - George Szell, Hungarian conductor (b. 1897)
- 1971 - Kenneth Slessor, Australian poet (b. 1901)
- 1983 - Howard Dietz, American lyricist (b. 1896)
- 1983 - Lynn Fontanne, English actress (b. 1887)
- 1985 - Julia Hall Bowman Robinson, American mathematician (b. 1919)
- 1989 - Lane Frost, American bull rider (b. 1963)
- 1990 - kate lowell, murdered brooks whitehouse
- 1992 - Joe Shuster, Canadian comic book artist (b. 1914)
- 1993 - Brenda Marshall, American actress (b. 1915)
- 1996 - Claudette Colbert, French-American actress (b. 1903)
- 1997 - Bao Dai, Emperor of Vietnam (b. 1913)
- 2003 - Sam Phillips, American record producer (b. 1923)
- 2005 - John Garang, Vice President of Sudan (b. 1945)
- 2005 - Anthony Walker, hate crime murder victim (b. 1987)
- 2005 - Ray Cunningham, baseball player (b. 1905)
- 2006 - Al Balding, Canadian professional golfer (b. 1924)
- 2006 - Murray Bookchin, American libertarian socialist (b. 1921)
Holidays and observances
- Vanuatu - Independence Day (formerly Anglo-Frech condominium of the New Hebrides).
Liturgical feasts
- Saints Abdon and Sennen [common]
- Saint Leopold Mandic
- Saint Peter Chrysologus, bishop, Doctor of the Church (died 450)
- Saints Thomas Abel, Edward Powell and Richard Featherstone, martyrs
- Saint Ursus, bishop of Auxerre, confessor [Auxerre]
- Saint Helena of Skoefde, widow, martyr [GTZ: Skara only]
- Saint Ingeborg
- Saint Julitta, martyr (d. 350)