Help:IPA/Bulgarian

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Standard Bulgarian and Standard Macedonian pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.

When two examples are given, the first is in Bulgarian and the second in Macedonian. When one example is given, the word has the same spelling in both languages.

English approximations are in some cases very rough, and only intended to give a general idea of the pronunciation. See Bulgarian language#Phonology and Macedonian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds.

Bulgarian

IPA Examples IPA Examples English equivalents Consonants b баба bʲ бяс box d дом dʲ дядо dust d͡z дзифт d͡zʲ Ядзя birds d͡ʒ джем jab f филм fʲ фюрер fact ɡ гарван gʲ ~ ɟ герой good j паяк yes k къща kʲ ~ c келнер keep, cue l бели lʲ ~ ʎ любов list, million m море mʲ място mocha n нос nʲ ~ ɲ баня North, onion p пет pʲ пясък palm r работа rʲ рязка robot (trilled) s стол sʲ сянка speak ʃ шума sugar t тайна tʲ тяло time t͡s цар t͡sʲ цяр bats v вода vʲ вятър very, view x хартия xʲ ~ ç Хюстън Bach, hew z зима zʲ зюмбюл zoo ʒ жълт pleasure

IPA Examples English equivalent Stressed vowels a брат father ɛ цена edge i сив happy ɔ слон more u хубав pool ɤ късмет turn Unstressed vowels ɐ щерка, гълъб sofa o изток more u когa pool IPA Explanation Stress ˈ Denotes stress on the following syllable ˌ Denotes secondary stress on the following syllable Palatalization ʲ Denotes palatalization of the preceding consonant

Macedonian

IPA Examples Nearest English equivalent Consonants b баба box v вода view ɡ гавран good d дом dust ɟ ѓон argue ʒ жолт pleasure z зима zoo d͡z ѕвезда birds j јаболко yes k куќа, друг keep l лав list l̩ монокл little ɫ бела milk ʎ љубов million m море mocha ɱ трамвај symphony n нос North ŋ банка Hank ɲ бања onion p пет, леб palm r работа robot (trilled) r̩ прст US: verb (trilled) s стол, влез speak t тајна, брод time c ќерка, глеѓ cue f филм, овца fact x хартија Bach t͡s цар bats t͡ʃ чекан, колеџ cheese d͡ʒ џем jab ʃ шума, багаж sugar IPA Examples Nearest English equivalent Vowels a брат father ɘ к‘смет pencil ɛ сè edge i сив happy ɔ слон more u убав book

Sources

• Жобов, Владимир (2004), Звуковете в българския език

• Lunt, Horace G. (1952), Grammar of the Macedonian Literary Language, Skopje{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)