Beijing Institute of Technology
北京理工大学 | |
File:Beijing Institute of Technology logo.png | |
Motto | 德以明理 学以精工 |
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Motto in English | Developing virtues for seeking truth; Pursuing study for perfecting practice. |
Type | Public |
Established | 1940 |
President | Hu Haiyan |
Academic staff | 1,953 (2010)[1] |
Students | 26,358 (2010)[1] |
Undergraduates | 14,010 (2010)[1] |
Postgraduates | 8,205 (2010) |
2,701 (2010)[1] | |
Location | , China |
Campus | Urban 4,734 ha |
Colors | Green and White |
Affiliations | Excellence League Project 985 Project 211 SSU AMBA |
Website | www |
File:BIT logo with name.jpg |
Beijing Institute of Technology | |||||||
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Simplified Chinese | 北京理工大学 | ||||||
Traditional Chinese | 北京理工大學 | ||||||
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Beijing Institute of Technology (abbreviated BIT; Simplified Chinese: 北京理工大学; Traditional Chinese: 北京理工大學; pinyin: Běijīng Lǐgōng Dàxué), is a co-educational public university, located in Beijing, China, established in 1940, Yan'an. It is a major research university under the supervision of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.
As a member university of National Key Universities, Project 211 and Project 985, it has been given priority sponsor from the Chinese government, the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, the Ministry of Education (MOST) and the Beijing metropolitan Government.
History
Yan'an period (1940-1946)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Yan%27an_Academy_of_Natural_Sciences%2C_Panorama.jpg/220px-Yan%27an_Academy_of_Natural_Sciences%2C_Panorama.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/7b/Mr_Xu_Teli.jpg/220px-Mr_Xu_Teli.jpg)
Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT) has its origins in the Yan'an Research Academy of Natural Sciences (延安自然科学研究院), which was established in Yan'an, northwest of China, in May 1939 by Chinese Communist Party, with the aim of training science and engineering professionals. In January 1940 when China was undergoing the most difficult phase of the War of Resistance Against Japan, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China reformed Yan'an Research Academy of Natural Sciences into Yan'an Academy of Natural Sciences (延安自然科学院). The major mission of the Academy was to assist the industrial development in Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Boarder Region. As the first science and engineering university founded by Chinese Communist Party, Yan'an Academy of Natural Sciences opened on 1 September 1940. Li Fuchun, the secretary of the CPC Committee for Shaan-Gan-Ning Border Region was appointed as the first president, and was succeeded by educationist Xu Teli.[2]
During the founding period, Yan'an Academy of Natural Sciences received great support from international organizations and individuals, including Rewi Alley.
In March 1943, Yan'an Academy of Natural Sciences was merged into the newly founded University of Yan'an (延安大学), and was named as School of Natural Sciences, University of Yan'an (延安大学自然科学院).
According to the situation of the war, University of Yan'an prepared to move the north and northeast of China by the end of 1945.[3]
Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Boarder Region period (1946-1949)
In January 1946, the School of Natural Sciences moved to Zhangjiakou, but failed to continue its journey to northeast of China due to the urgent situation of the war. The Central Bureau of Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Boarder Region decided to settle the School at Zhangjiakou, and merged it with Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Boarder Region College of Technology (晋察冀边区工科专门学校) to form Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Boarder Region College (晋察冀边区工业专门学校).
At the end of the same year, Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Boarder Region Institute moved to Bailing Village, Jianping County, Hebei, and merged with Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Boarder Region Academy of Railway (晋察冀边区铁路学院) to form Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Boarder Region College of Industry and Transportation (晋察冀工业交通学院), but remained respective identity. One year later, Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Boarder Region Institute moved to Jingxing County, renamed as Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Boarder Region Bureau of Industry College of Technology (晋察冀边区工业局工业学校). In August 1948, it was then merged with Institute of Technology, Northern University (北方大学工学院) to form Institute of Technology, North China University (华北大学工学院).[2][3]
Institute of Technology, North China University period (1949-1952)
Just before the established of People's Republic of China, Institute of Technology, North China University made its final move to Beijing, and confirmed its academic focus to industrial development for the newly founded People's Republic of China. It was administrated by Ministry of Industry, and became the first university specialized in heavy industry related subjects since the foundation of the new China.
The home campus of Sino-French University (中法大学) and its Department of Mathematics, Department of Physics and Department of Chemistry were merged into Institute of Technology, North China University in October 1950, which effectively provided enough accommodations, laboratories, libraries, as well as many outstanding academics.[2][3]
Beijing Institute of Technology period (1952-1988)
On 1 January 1952, Institute of Technology, North China University was officially renamed as Beijing Institute of Technology (北京工业学院). On 8 March 1952, it was decided by Ministry of Heavy Industry that Beijing Institute of Technology would be developed as a higher educational institute specialized in national defense industry, and would be a major institute for training technical professionals in national defense. Ever since then, Beijing Institute of Technolo[4] gy started to establish a number of weaponry science and technology subjects, including China's first rocket and missile subject, with the help of many scientists such as Qian Xuesen. In the meantime, several departments were terminated and others, including biology, mining, and aeronautics, were transferred to other universities, namely China Agricultural University (1947), Beijing Steel and Iron Institute (1952) and Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (1952), respectively. In 1959, Beijing Institute of Technology was singled out as one of 16 “national key universities” that were authorized to offer graduate degrees.
During the Cultural Revolution, most research at Beijing Institute of Technology came to a halt but quickly revived after 1976.[2][4]
Post-economic reform period (1988-present)
In 1988, the institution changed its Chinese name from "Institute" to "University" (北京理工大学), while the English name remained unchanged. In 1991, BIT was chosen as one of the 14 national key universities to receive special supports from the Chinese government during the Eighth Five-Year Plan.
In December 1995, BIT was ratified by the Chinese government as one of the 15 first-tier "Project 211" universities. In 1996, BIT became one of the first 32 Chinese universities to officially run graduate schools. In the same year, BIT was designated as one of the 27 national key universities during the Ninth Five-Year Plan. In 1999, BIT's undergraduate education was evaluated as "Excellent" in the assessment organized by the Chinese Ministry of Education.
In 2000, BIT was the 10th university to be admitted into "Project 985", which aimed to promote the development and reputation of the Chinese higher education system by founding world-class universities in the 21st century through prioritized supports from both national and local government funding. In the same year, BIT was also designated as one of the top 22 universities in the "21st Century Education Promotion" plan during the Tenth Five-Year Plan.
BIT used to be administered by the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense. Since 2008, it is administered by the newly founded Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.
In November 2010, along with 8 other Project 985 universities, BIT officially formed Excellence League, an alliance of 10 Chinese universities with strong background in engineering.
BIT is traditionally strong in national defense and military technologies research, especially radars, missiles, and armored combat vehicles, but it also maintained outstanding research strength in electrical engineering, automation, photonics, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, computer science, industrial design and many other science and engineering subjects.[4]
As of 2015, BIT has established cooperation with more than 200 universities from 58 countries, and implemented student exchange programs with more than 40 universities in the world, including Technical University of Munich, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Tokyo Institute of Technology, University of California and The Australian National University.[5]
Campus
Zhongguancun, Beijing
BIT's main campus is located in Zhuongguancun area of northwest of Beijing, which is known as an area with high concentration of universities, research institutions, high-tech companies, as well as knowledge and information industries, namely the Silicon Valley of China. BIT is adjacent to National Library of China, Zhongguancun Science Park, and many other universities such as Renmin University, China Agricultural University, Beijing Foreign Studies University and Minzu University of China.
Zhongguangcun campus has an area of 920,700 square meters, including a floor space of 724,000 square meters.[6] It is the oldest and the used to be the only campus of BIT. Since the opening of Liangxiang campus in 2007, Zhongguancun campus is mainly used to host higher year undergraduate students and postgraduate students.[7]
Liangxiang, Beijing
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/BIT_Liangxiang_campus_gate.jpg/220px-BIT_Liangxiang_campus_gate.jpg)
Since 2007, lower year undergraduate students are hosted in Liangxiang campus, which is based in Liangxiang University Town, Fangshan District, southwest suburb of Beijing.[8]
Xishan, Beijing
A Laboratory Research centre located in northwest of Beijing.[9]
Fangshan, Beijing
BIT Fangshan campus was co-founded by BIT and Fangshan District government, and is located in Yancun County, Fangshan District, southwest suburb of Beijing.
Qinhuangdao, Hebei
Founded in 1984, Qinhuangdao campus offers one-year pre-university program for ethnic minority students whose first language is not Mandarin. In addition to host students who will apply to BIT, Qinhuangdao campus also accepts pre-university ethnic minority students who will apply to Beihang University, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin Engineering University and Northwestern Polytechnical University.[10]
Zhuhai, Guangdong
Zhuhai campus is based at Zhuhai, Guangdong province in south China. The speciality of Zhuhai campus lies in providing continuing education, distance learning courses, and special courses related to local economy and industry. It is home to many research institutions co-founded by BIT and local government, including a graduate school and a science park. BITZH- CUHK Optomechatronic Engineering Joint Research Centre and BITZH- HKPU City and Public Security Joint Research Centre are also located in Zhuhai campus.[11]
Organisation and administration
Schools and departments
- School of Aerospace Engineering
- Department of Flight Vehicle Engineering
- Department of Flight Control
- Department of Launching and Propulsion Engineering
- Department of mechanics
- School of Mechatronical Engineering
- Department of Unmanned System Engineering
- Department of Mechatronical System Engineering
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering
- Department of Energy and Power Engineering
- Department of Detection and Control Engineering
- Department of Safety Engineering
- School of Mechanical Engineering
- Department of Vehicle Engineering
- Department of Thermal Energy and Power Engineering
- Department of Manufacturing Engineering
- Department of Transportation Engineering
- School of Optoelectronics
- School of Information and Electronics
- School of Microelectronics
- School of Automation
- School of Computer Science and Technology
- Department of Computer Software and Theory
- Computer Architecture and Engineering Laboratory
- School of Software
- Department of Software Engineering
- Department of Digital Media Technology
- Department of Information Security Technology
- Department of Software Services Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Department of Polymeric Materials
- Department of Metals & Inorganic Nonmetal
- Department of Materials Physics & Chemistry
- Department of Materials Processing Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering and Environment
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Pharmacy
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Control
- Department of Environment and Energy
- Department of Energy Chemical Engineering
- School of Life Science
- Department of Bioengineering
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Department of Pharmacy
- School of Mathematics
- Department of Mathematics
- Department of Probability and Statistics
- Department of Applied Mathematics
- School of Physics
- School of Chemistry
- Departments of Inorganic Chemistry
- Departments of Organic Chemistry
- Departments of Analytical Chemistry
- Departments of Physical Chemistry
- School of Management and Economics
- Department of Management Engineering
- Department of Management Science and Logistics Management
- Department of International Trade and Finance
- Department of Applied Economics
- Department of Technological Economy Management
- Department of Accounting
- Department of Marketing
- Department of Organization and Human Resource Management
- Department of Public Management
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences
- Department of Economics
- Department of Social Work
- Department of Chinese Language and Literature
- School of Law
- School of Foreign Languages
- Department of English
- Department of Japanese
- Department of German
- School of Design and Arts
- Department of Industrial Design
- Department of Visual Communication Design
- Department of Environmental Art Design
- Department of Cultural Heritage
- Department of Formative Art
- Department of Traditional Arts and Crafts
- School of Xu Teli
- Xu Teli Elite Class
Academics
BIT is an institution focusing on engineering education and research for decades, which also make it ranked top in China.[12] While maintaining its traditional strength in engineering, BIT also pays great attention to the balanced development of other disciplines. BIT is now a multi-disciplinary university with comprehensive academic disciplines in engineering, science, management, humanities, economics, law, and pedagogy.
Demographics
- Student demographics (as of the year 2010)[13]
- Total Full-time students: 23,003
- Undergraduates: 14,010
- Master students: 5,504
- Doctoral students: 2,701
- International students: 426
The university has a range of degrees and programmes for international students, including reputable Chinese language courses and engineering degrees offered in English. As a result, there is a wide diversity of foreign students, from South Asia, Central Asia, Africa, Europe, North and South America, who study for both degree-grating and non-degree granting courses.
- Faculty and staff demographics (as of the year 2010)
- Total: more than 3,442
- Faculty: 1,953
- Fellows of Chinese Academy of Sciences or Chinese Academy of Engineering: 13
- Chang Jiang Scholars: 22
- Professors (including researchers and professorial senior engineers): 376
- Associate professors (including associate researchers and senior engineers): 906
- National experts with outstanding contributions: 18
- Outstanding junior scientists: 13
- Recipients of special subsidies from the central government: 251
- BIT also appointed 174 visiting professors, 38 advisory professors and 6 honorary professors in China, as well as 45 international visiting professors and 12 honorary international professors.
Education
BIT has 16 national key disciplines, 25 ministry-level key disciplines. BIT offers bachelor's degrees in 60 majors, Master's degrees in 144 majors, and Doctorate degrees in 62 majors. It also has 17 post-doctorate stations.[6]
Research
BIT is an important research institution for military technology and is famous for its contributions to the research and development of radar, missiles, firearms and armored combat vehicles. However, some of its research are not allowed to be disclosed and a great amount of the research work cannot be published.
BIT's traditional research strength lies in Electrical Engineering (now with the Chinese name of Information Engineering), Automation, Photonics, Mechanical Engineering, Vehicle Engineering, Aerospace Engineering and Chemical Engineering. Some of its emerging research areas are also developing fast in recent years, including Computer Science, Industrial Design, and Higher education research.
BIT has five national key laboratories (research centers), six national defense key laboratories (research centers), two MOST key laboratories (research centers) and four Beijing municipal key laboratories (research centers).[6] It also has a national key science park. The annual research expenditure in 2004 was more than 620 million RMB.
Rankings
Historically, BIT was widely considered by Chinese education officials among top 20 universities in China. In recent national level evaluations, BIT was among the first 15 universities to be designated into the "Project 211". It is also the 10th university to be designated into the prestigious "Project 985". BIT ranks top 300 in the QS World University Rankings(2014), 29th in QS Asian University Rankings (2014),39th in the BRICS University Rankings(2014) and 17th in Chinese University Rankings(2014).BIT's Engineering & Technology ranks top 5 among Chinese universities. According to the China Discipline Ranking conducted by the a research center affiliated with the China Ministry of Education, BIT ranks among top 10 nationally in the following ten disciplines:[14][15]
- Weaponry Science and Technology: ranked 1st.
- Information Engineering: ranked 5th.
- Optical Engineering: ranked 5th.
- Aerospace Science and Engineering: ranked 5th.
- Mechanical Engineering: ranked 7th.
- Metallurgical Engineering: ranked 7th.
- Transportation and Traffic Engineering: ranked 9th.
- Instrument Sciences and Technology: ranked 10th.
- Automation Science and Engineering: ranked 10th.
- Chemical Engineering: ranked 10th.
Note: According to the ranking's classification of academic disciplines, BIT was evaluated in about 20 disciplines.
Library
Established in 1940, the BIT library now consists of one main library and four branch libraries. Nine new branch libraries are in construction or planning.
The renovation of the main library was completed in 2006. The state-of-the-art building has an area of 25,509 square meters and is covered by wireless network. It now has a total collection of more than 3 million items, including 1.13 million electronic items.[16]
Press
The BIT Press was established in 1985 and has published more than 3,000 books.[17] Most of the books published by BIT press are in the area of natural science and technology. The current director for the press is Yang Zhijian.
Student life
Student housing
All undergraduate and postgraduate students at BIT are guaranteed university accommodation. Allocation is normally on the basis of students' major, year and class etc. First and second year undergraduate students are based at Liangxiang campus. Higher year undergraduate students and postgraduate students are based at Zhongguancun campus. Both campuses also provide staff accommodation.
Alumni
Among the 100,000 BIT alumni, there are 16 Fellows of Chinese Academy of Science or Chinese Academy of Engineering, more than 70 officials with rank higher than provincial governor, and more than 40 generals for Chinese military.
Politicians
- Li Peng, former Premier and Chairman of the National People's Congress (NPC) of China
- Liu Zhenqi, Chinese Air Force general (shang jiang)
- Ni Zhifu, former Vice Chairman of the National People's Congress
- Ye Xuanping, Vice-President of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). Former Governor of Guangdong
- Zeng Qinghong, former Vice-President of China
- Zou Jiahua, former Vice-Premier of the China
Scientists
- Wang Xiaomo, Winner of The State Preeminent Science and Technology Award of China, and also the only one attended college after 1949 among all winners till 2014, Father of Chinese Airborne early warning and control system.
- Duo Yingxian, Chinese "Kalashnikov" in assault rifle design.
- Huang Chunping, Director of Rocket System for the Shenzhou 5 Spacecarft.
- Mao Erke, Scientist of Radar signal processing.
- Peng Shilu, "Father of Chinese Nuclear Submarine".
- Wang Yue, Scientist in information system, information security and radar.
- Xie Guangxuan, Chief Designer of the Long March Rocket 3.
- Xu Gengguang, Scientist in bombing and explosives.
- Yang Dongping, Education reformer and TV producer.
- Zhou Liwei, Scientist in optical electronics.
Athletics
BIT has several collegiate sports teams. Its football team is widely considered one of the best in Chinese collegiate football. The team won 4 out of 6 national champions from 2001 to 2006, when it participated in the Chinese University Football League. The BIT team also represented Chinese football team at the 2003 Summer Universiade Game and the 2005 Summer Universiade Game.[18] After winning the promotion to the professional football league in 2006, the team has been participating in the professional Chinese Football Association Jia League. Since 2015 the international students at BIT have their own football team, BIT International FC.
The Eastern Athletic Field is the home field for Beijing Institute of Technology FC. Currently, it is mostly used for the team's home football games in Chinese Football Association Jia League. The field is also open to students and staff of BIT for sports.
See also
References
- ^ a b c d "Facts And Figures". Beijing Institute of Technology website. Retrieved 2013-01-21.
- ^ a b c d "辉煌校史_北京理工大学迎新网". i.bit.edu.cn. Retrieved 2016-03-28.
- ^ a b c "历史沿革_北京理工大学". www.bit.edu.cn. Retrieved 2016-03-28.
- ^ a b c Sullivan, Lawrence (2015). Historical Dictionary of Science and Technology in Modern China. Maryland, United States of America: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 42. ISBN 0810878542.
- ^ "学校简介_北京理工大学". www.bit.edu.cn. Retrieved 2016-03-28.
- ^ a b c "Facts And Figures". Beijing Institute of Technology website. Archived from the original on 2007-10-27. Retrieved 2008-02-16.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
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suggested) (help) - ^ "地理位置_北京理工大学". www.bit.edu.cn. Retrieved 2016-03-28.
- ^ "校区概况 -- 北京理工大学良乡校区管理处". liangxiang.bit.edu.cn. Retrieved 2016-03-28.
- ^ "Welcome to Beijing Institute of Technology(BIT)". english.bit.edu.cn. Retrieved 2016-03-28.
- ^ "BIT Qinhuangdao Campus". english.bit.edu.cn. Retrieved 2016-03-28.
- ^ www.weihaiseo.com. "Beijing Institute of Technology, ZHUHAI_Welcome to Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai". guojihz2013.zhbit.com. Retrieved 2016-03-28.
- ^ No.11 in 2014 Chinese Technical University Ranking, 32 in General Chinese university ranking (CUAA)
- ^ "北京理工大学简介". Beijing Institute of Technology website. Retrieved 2008-02-16.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
requires|archive-url=
(help) - ^ "China University Disciplines Ranking 2002-2004". Sina.com website. Retrieved 2008-02-16.
- ^ "China University Disciplines Ranking 2006". China Education Online website. Retrieved 2008-02-16.
- ^ "Introduction to the BIT Library". Beijing Institute of Technology website. Archived from the original on 2008-06-05. Retrieved 2008-02-16.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Introduction to the BIT Press". Beijing Institute of Technology website. Archived from the original on 2007-09-05. Retrieved 2008-02-16.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Introduction to the BIT FC". Sina.com website. Retrieved 2008-02-22.