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Global Gender Gap Report

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Cover of the 2008 report

The Global Gender Gap Report was first published in 2006 by the World Economic Forum. The 2017 report covers 144 major and emerging economies. The Global Gender Gap Index is an index designed to measure gender equality.[1]

Methodology

The report's Gender Gap Index ranks countries according to calculated gender gap between women and men in four key areas: health, education, economy and politics to gauge the state of gender equality in a country. The report measures women's disadvantage compared to men, and is not strictly a measure of equality. Gender imbalances to the advantage of women do not affect the score.[2] So, for example, the indicator "number of years of a female head of state (last 50 years) over male value" would score 1 if the number of years was 25, but would still score 1 if the number of years was 50. Due to this methodology, gender gaps that favor women over men are reported as equality and would not cause deficits of equality in other areas to become less visible in the score, excepted for life expectancy.

The three highest ranking countries have closed over 84% of their gender gaps, while the lowest ranking country has closed only a little over 50% of its gender gap. It "assesses countries on how well they are dividing their resources and opportunities among their male and female populations, regardless of the overall levels of these resources and opportunities," the Report says.[3] "By providing a comprehensible framework for assessing and comparing global gender gaps and by revealing those countries that are role models in dividing these resources equitably between women and men, the Report serves as a catalyst for greater awareness as well as greater exchange between policymakers."[3]

The report examines four overall areas of inequality between men and women in 130 economies around the globe, over 93% of the world's population:

  • Economic participation and opportunity – outcomes on salaries, participation levels and access to high-skilled employment
  • Educational attainment – outcomes on access to basic and higher level education
  • Political empowerment – outcomes on representation in decision-making structures
  • Health and survival – outcomes on life expectancy and sex ratio. In this case parity is not assumed, there are assumed to be fewer female births than male (944 female for every 1,000 males), and men are assumed to die younger. Provided that women live at least six percent longer than men, parity is assumed. But if it is less than six percent it counts as a gender gap.[4]

Thirteen out of the fourteen variables used to create the index are from publicly available "hard data" indicators from international organizations, such as the International Labour Organization, the United Nations Development Programme and the World Health Organization.[5]

WEF Global Gender Gap Index rankings

The highest possible score is 1 (equality or better for women, except for lifespan (106% or better for women) and gender parity at birth (94.4% or better for women[6])) and the lowest possible score is 0. Data for some countries are unavailable.[7][8][9]

The WEF Gender gap index world map for 2017[10]
Country Region Year[note 1]
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015[11] 2016[10] 2017
 Albania Europe 0.6607 0.6685 0.6591 0.6601 0.6726 0.6748 0.6655 0.6412 0.6869 0.701 0.704 0.728
 Algeria Africa 0.6018 0.6068 0.6111 0.6119 0.6052 0.5991 0.6112 0.5966 0.6182 0.632 0.642 0.629
 Angola Africa 0.6039 0.6034 0.6032 0.6353 0.6712 0.6624 N/A 0.6659 0.6311 0.637 0.643 0.640
 Argentina South America 0.6829 0.6982 0.7209 0.7211 0.7187 0.7236 0.7212 0.7195 0.7317 0.734 0.735 0.732
 Armenia Europe and Central Asia N/A 0.6651 0.6677 0.6619 0.6669 0.6654 0.6636 0.6634 0.6622 0.668 0.669 0.677
 Australia Oceania 0.7163 0.7204 0.7241 0.7282 0.7271 0.7291 0.7294 0.7390 0.7409 0.733 0.721 0.731
 Austria Europe 0.6986 0.7060 0.7153 0.7031 0.7091 0.7165 0.7391 0.7437 0.7266 0.733 0.716 0.709
 Azerbaijan Europe and Central Asia N/A 0.6781 0.6856 0.6626 0.6446 0.6577 0.6546 0.6582 0.6753 0.675 0.684 0.676
 Bahamas North America N/A N/A N/A 0.7179 0.7128 0.7340 0.7156 0.7128 0.7269 0.728 0.729 0.743
 Bahrain Middle East 0.5894 0.5931 0.5927 0.6136 0.6217 0.6232 0.6298 0.6334 0.6261 0.644 0.615 0.632
 Bangladesh South Asia 0.6270 0.6314 0.6531 0.6526 0.6702 0.6812 0.6684 0.6848 0.6973 0.704 0.698 0.719
 Barbados North America N/A N/A 0.7188 0.7236 0.7176 0.7170 0.7232 0.7301 0.7289 0.744 0.739 0.750
 Belarus Europe N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.734 0.737 0.744
 Belgium Europe 0.7078 0.7198 0.7163 0.7165 0.7509 0.7531 0.7652 0.7684 0.7809 0.753 0.745 0.739
 Belize North America N/A 0.6426 0.6610 0.6636 0.6536 0.6489 0.6465 0.6449 0.6701 0.668 0.676 0.692
 Benin Africa 0.5780 0.5656 0.5582 0.5643 0.5719 0.5832 0.6258 0.5885 N/A 0.625 0.636 0.652
 Bhutan South Asia N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.6651 0.6364 0.646 0.642 0.638
 Bolivia South America 0.6335 0.6574 0.6667 0.6693 0.6751 0.6862 0.7222 0.7340 0.7049 0.749 0.746 0.758
 Botswana Africa 0.6897 0.6797 0.6839 0.7071 0.6876 0.6832 0.6744 0.6752 0.7129 0.710 0.715 0.720
 Brazil South America 0.6543 0.6637 0.6737 0.6695 0.6655 0.6679 0.6909 0.6949 0.6941 0.686 0.687 0.684
 Brunei Darussalam Southeast Asia N/A N/A 0.6392 0.6524 0.6748 0.6787 0.6750 0.6730 0.6719 0.684 0.669 0.671
 Bulgaria Europe 0.6870 0.7085 0.7077 0.7072 0.6983 0.6987 0.7021 0.7097 0.7444 0.722 0.726 0.756
 Burkina Faso Africa 0.5854 0.5912 0.6029 0.6081 0.6162 0.6153 0.6455 0.6513 0.6500 0.651 0.64 0.646
 Burundi Africa N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.7270 0.7338 0.7397 0.7565 0.748 0.768 0.755
 Cambodia Southeast Asia 0.6291 0.6353 0.6469 0.6410 0.6482 0.6464 0.6457 0.6509 0.6520 0.662 0.658 0.676
 Cameroon Africa 0.5865 0.5919 0.6017 0.6108 0.6110 0.6073 0.6291 0.6560 N/A 0.682 0.684 0.689
 Canada North America 0.7165 0.7198 0.7136 0.7196 0.7372 0.7407 0.7381 0.7425 0.7464 0.740 0.731 0.769
 Cape Verde Africa N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.7180 0.7122 0.7133 0.717 0.729 0.686
 Chad Africa 0.5247 0.5381 0.5290 0.5417 0.5330 0.5334 0.5594 0.5588 0.5764 0.580 0.587 0.575
 Chile South America 0.6455 0.6482 0.6818 0.6884 0.7013 0.7030 0.6676 0.6670 0.6975 0.698 0.699 0.704
 China East Asia 0.6561 0.6643 0.6878 0.6907 0.6881 0.6866 0.6853 0.6908 0.6830 0.682 0.676 0.674
 Colombia South America 0.7049 0.7090 0.6944 0.6939 0.6927 0.6714 0.6901 0.7171 0.7122 0.725 0.727 0.731
 Costa Rica North America 0.6936 0.7014 0.7111 0.7180 0.7194 0.7266 0.7225 0.7241 0.7165 0.732 0.736 0.727
 Côte d'Ivoire Africa N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.5691 0.5773 0.5785 0.5814 0.5874 0.606 0.597 0.611
 Croatia Europe 0.7145 0.7210 0.6967 0.6944 0.6939 0.7006 0.7053 0.7069 0.7075 0.708 0.7 0.711
 Cuba North America N/A 0.7169 0.7195 0.7176 0.7253 0.7394 0.7417 0.7540 0.7317 0.740 0.74 0.745
 Cyprus Europe and Middle East 0.6430 0.6522 0.6694 0.6706 0.6642 0.6567 0.6732 0.6801 0.6741 0.671 0.684 0.684
 Czech Republic Europe 0.6712 0.6718 0.6770 0.6789 0.6850 0.6789 0.6767 0.6770 0.6737 0.687 0.69 0.688
 Denmark Europe 0.7462 0.7519 0.7538 0.7628 0.7719 0.7778 0.7777 0.7779 0.8025 0.767 0.754 0.776
 Dominican Republic North America 0.6639 0.6705 0.6744 0.6859 0.6774 0.6682 0.6659 0.6867 0.6906 0.686 0.676 0.697
 Ecuador South America 0.6433 0.6881 0.7091 0.7220 0.7072 0.7035 0.7206 0.7389 0.7455 0.738 0.726 0.724
 Egypt Middle East and Africa 0.5786 0.5809 0.5832 0.5862 0.5899 0.5933 0.5975 0.5935 0.6064 0.599 0.614 0.608
 El Salvador North America 0.6837 0.6853 0.6875 0.6939 0.6596 0.6567 0.6630 0.6609 0.6863 0.706 0.702 0.705
 Estonia Europe 0.6944 0.7008 0.7076 0.7094 0.7018 0.6983 0.6977 0.6997 0.7017 0.749 0.747 0.731
 Ethiopia Africa 0.5946 0.5991 0.5867 0.5948 0.6019 0.6136 0.6200 0.6198 0.6144 0.640 0.662 0.656
 Fiji Oceania N/A N/A N/A 0.6414 0.6256 0.6255 0.6285 0.6286 0.6286 0.645 N/A N/A
 Finland Europe 0.7958 0.8044 0.8195 0.8252 0.8260 0.8383 0.8451 0.8421 0.8453 0.850 0.845 0.823
 France Europe 0.6520 0.6824 0.7341 0.7331 0.7025 0.7018 0.6984 0.7089 0.7588 0.761 0.755 0.778
 Gambia, The Africa 0.6448 0.6421 0.6622 0.6752 0.6762 0.6763 0.6630 N/A N/A 0.674 0.667 0.649
 Georgia Europe and Central Asia 0.6700 0.6665 0.6654 0.6680 0.6598 0.6624 0.6691 0.6750 0.6855 0.687 0.681 0.679
 Germany Europe 0.7524 0.7618 0.7394 0.7449 0.7530 0.7590 0.7629 0.7583 0.7780 0.779 0.766 0.778
 Ghana Africa 0.6653 0.6725 0.6679 0.6704 0.6782 0.6811 0.6778 0.6811 0.6661 0.704 0.705 0.695
 Greece Europe 0.6540 0.6648 0.6727 0.6662 0.6908 0.6916 0.6716 0.6782 0.6784 0.685 0.68 0.692
 Guatemala North America 0.6067 0.6144 0.6072 0.6209 0.6238 0.6229 0.6260 0.6304 0.6821 0.667 0.666 0.667
 Guinea Africa N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.618 0.64 0.659
 Guyana South America N/A N/A N/A 0.7108 0.7090 0.7084 0.7119 0.7085 0.7010 0.702 N/A N/A
 Honduras North America 0.6483 0.6661 0.6960 0.6893 0.6927 0.6945 0.6763 0.6773 0.6935 0.688 0.69 0.711
 Hungary Europe 0.6698 0.6731 0.6867 0.6879 0.6720 0.6642 0.6718 0.6742 0.6759 0.672 0.669 0.670
 Iceland Europe 0.7813 0.7836 0.7999 0.8276 0.8496 0.8530 0.8640 0.8731 0.8594 0.881 0.874 0.878
 India South Asia 0.6011 0.5936 0.6060 0.6151 0.6155 0.6190 0.6442 0.6551 0.6455 0.664 0.683 0.669
 Indonesia Southeast Asia 0.6541 0.6550 0.6473 0.6580 0.6615 0.6594 0.6591 0.6613 0.6725 0.681 0.682 0.691
 Iran, Islamic Rep. Middle East 0.5803 0.5903 0.6021 0.5839 0.5933 0.5894 0.5927 0.5842 0.5811 0.580 0.587 0.583
 Ireland Europe 0.7335 0.7457 0.7518 0.7597 0.7773 0.7830 0.7839 0.7823 0.7850 0.807 0.797 0.794
 Israel Middle East 0.6889 0.6965 0.6900 0.7019 0.6957 0.6926 0.6989 0.7032 0.7005 0.712 0.719 0.721
 Italy Europe 0.6456 0.6498 0.6788 0.6798 0.6765 0.6796 0.6729 0.6885 0.6973 0.726 0.719 0.692
 Jamaica North America 0.7014 0.6925 0.6980 0.7013 0.7037 0.7028 0.7035 0.7085 0.7128 0.703 0.724 0.717
 Japan East Asia 0.6447 0.6455 0.6434 0.6447 0.6524 0.6514 0.6530 0.6498 0.6584 0.670 0.66 0.657
 Jordan Middle East 0.6109 0.6203 0.6275 0.6182 0.6048 0.6117 0.6103 0.6093 0.5968 0.593 0.603 0.604
 Kazakhstan Central Asia 0.6928 0.6983 0.6976 0.7013 0.7055 0.7010 0.7213 0.7218 0.7210 0.719 0.718 0.713
 Kenya Africa 0.6486 0.6508 0.6547 0.6512 0.6499 0.6493 0.6768 0.6803 0.7258 0.719 0.702 0.694
 Korea, Rep. East Asia 0.6157 0.6409 0.6154 0.6146 0.6342 0.6281 0.6356 0.6351 0.6403 0.651 0.649 0.650
 Kuwait Middle East 0.6341 0.6409 0.6358 0.6356 0.6318 0.6322 0.6320 0.6292 0.6457 0.646 0.624 0.679
 Kyrgyz Republic Central Asia 0.6742 0.6653 0.7045 0.7058 0.6973 0.7036 0.7013 0.6948 0.6974 0.693 0.687 0.691
 Laos Southeast Asia N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.6993 0.7044 0.713 N/A 0.703
 Latvia Europe 0.7091 0.7333 0.7397 0.7416 0.7429 0.7399 0.7572 0.7610 0.7691 0.752 0.755 0.756
 Lebanon Middle East N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.6084 0.6083 0.6030 0.6028 0.5923 0.598 0.598 0.596
 Lesotho Africa 0.6807 0.7078 0.7320 0.7495 0.7678 0.7666 0.7608 0.7530 0.7255 0.706 0.706 0.695
 Liberia Africa N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.652 0.652 0.669
 Lithuania Europe 0.7077 0.7234 0.7222 0.7175 0.7132 0.7131 0.7191 0.7308 0.7208 0.740 0.744 0.742
 Luxembourg Europe 0.6671 0.6786 0.6802 0.6889 0.7231 0.7216 0.7439 0.7410 0.7333 0.738 0.734 0.706
 Macedonia Europe 0.6983 0.6967 0.6914 0.6950 0.6996 0.6966 0.6968 0.7013 0.6943 0.701 0.696 0.702
 Madagascar Africa 0.6385 0.6461 0.6736 0.6732 0.6713 0.6797 0.6982 0.7016 0.7214 0.698 0.704 0.692
 Malawi Africa 0.6437 0.6480 0.6664 0.6738 0.6824 0.6850 0.7166 0.7139 0.7281 0.701 0.7 0.672
 Malaysia Southeast Asia 0.6509 0.6444 0.6442 0.6467 0.6479 0.6525 0.6539 0.6518 0.6520 0.655 0.666 0.670
 Maldives South Asia N/A 0.6350 0.6501 0.6482 0.6452 0.6480 0.6616 0.6604 0.6557 0.652 .65 0.669
 Mali Africa 0.5996 0.6019 0.6117 0.5860 0.5680 0.5752 0.5842 0.5872 0.5779 0.599 0.591 0.583
 Malta Europe 0.6518 0.6615 0.6634 0.6635 0.6695 0.6658 0.6666 0.6761 0.6707 0.668 0.664 0.682
 Mauritania Africa 0.5835 0.6022 0.6117 0.6103 0.6152 0.6164 0.6129 0.5810 0.6029 0.613 0.624 0.614
 Mauritius Africa 0.6328 0.6487 0.6466 0.6513 0.6520 0.6529 0.6547 0.6599 0.6541 0.646 0.652 0.664
 Mexico North America 0.6462 0.6441 0.6441 0.6503 0.6577 0.6604 0.6712 0.6917 0.6900 0.699 0.7 0.692
 Moldova Europe 0.7128 0.7172 0.7244 0.7104 0.7160 0.7083 0.7101 0.7037 0.7405 0.742 0.741 0.740
 Mongolia East Asia 0.6821 0.6731 0.7049 0.7221 0.7194 0.7140 0.7111 0.7204 0.7212 0.709 0.705 0.713
 Montenegro Europe N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.689 0.681 0.693
 Morocco Africa 0.5827 0.5676 0.5757 0.5926 0.5767 0.5804 0.5833 0.5845 0.5988 0.593 0.597 0.598
 Mozambique Africa N/A 0.6883 0.7266 0.7195 0.7329 0.7251 0.7350 0.7349 0.7370 0.741 0.75 0.741
 Myanmar Southeast Asia N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.691
 Namibia Africa 0.6864 0.7012 0.7141 0.7167 0.7238 0.7177 0.7121 0.7094 0.7219 0.760 0.765 0.777
   Nepal South Asia 0.5478 0.5575 0.5942 0.6213 0.6084 0.5888 0.6026 0.6053 0.6458 0.658 0.661 0.664
 Netherlands Europe 0.7250 0.7383 0.7399 0.7490 0.7444 0.7470 0.7659 0.7608 0.7730 0.776 0.756 0.737
 New Zealand Oceania 0.7509 0.7649 0.7859 0.7880 0.7808 0.7810 0.7805 0.7799 0.7772 0.782 0.781 0.791
 Nicaragua North America 0.6566 0.6458 0.6747 0.7002 0.7176 0.7245 0.7697 0.7715 0.7894 0.776 0.78 0.814
 Nigeria Africa 0.6104 0.6122 0.6339 0.6280 0.6055 0.6011 0.6315 0.6469 0.6391 0.638 0.643 0.641
 Norway Europe 0.7994 0.8059 0.8239 0.8227 0.8404 0.8404 0.8403 0.8417 0.8374 0.850 0.842 0.830
 Oman Middle East N/A 0.5903 0.5960 0.5938 0.5950 0.5873 0.5986 0.6053 0.6091 0.604 0.612 N/A
 Pakistan South Asia 0.5434 0.5509 0.5549 0.5458 0.5465 0.5583 0.5478 0.5459 0.5522 0.559 0.556 0.546
 Panama North America 0.6935 0.6954 0.7095 0.7024 0.7072 0.7042 0.7122 0.7164 0.7195 0.772 0.721 0.722
 Paraguay South America 0.6556 0.6659 0.6379 0.6868 0.6804 0.6818 0.6714 0.6724 0.6890 0.666 0.676 0.678
 Peru South America 0.6619 0.6624 0.6959 0.7024 0.6895 0.6796 0.6742 0.6787 0.7198 0.683 0.687 0.719
 Philippines Southeast Asia 0.7516 0.7629 0.7568 0.7579 0.7654 0.7685 0.7757 0.7832 0.7814 0.790 0.786 0.790
 Poland Europe 0.6802 0.6756 0.6951 0.6998 0.7037 0.7038 0.7015 0.7031 0.7051 0.715 0.727 0.728
 Portugal Europe 0.6922 0.6959 0.7051 0.7013 0.7171 0.7144 0.7071 0.7056 0.7243 0.731 0.737 0.734
 Qatar Middle East N/A 0.6041 0.5948 0.5907 0.6059 0.6230 0.6264 0.6299 0.6403 0.645 0.643 0.626
 Romania Europe 0.6797 0.6859 0.6763 0.6805 0.6826 0.6812 0.6859 0.6908 0.6936 0.693 0.69 0.708
 Russian Federation Europe and Northern Asia 0.6770 0.6866 0.6994 0.6987 0.7036 0.7037 0.6980 0.6983 0.6927 0.694 0.691 0.696
 Rwanda Africa N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.794 0.8 0.822
 Saudi Arabia Middle East 0.5242 0.5647 0.5537 0.5651 0.5713 0.5753 0.5731 0.5879 0.6059 0.605 0.583 0.584
 Senegal Africa N/A N/A N/A 0.6427 0.6414 0.6573 0.6657 0.6923 0.6912 0.698 0.685 0.684
 Serbia Europe N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.7037 0.7116 0.7086 0.720 0.72 0.727
 Singapore Southeast Asia 0.6550 0.6609 0.6625 0.6664 0.6914 0.6914 0.6989 0.7000 0.7046 0.711 0.712 0.702
 Slovakia Europe 0.6757 0.6797 0.6824 0.6845 0.6778 0.6797 0.6824 0.6857 0.6806 0.675 0.679 0.694
 Slovenia Europe 0.6745 0.6842 0.6937 0.6982 0.7047 0.7041 0.7132 0.7155 0.7443 0.784 0.786 0.805
 South Africa Africa 0.7125 0.7194 0.7232 0.7709 0.7535 0.7478 0.7496 0.7510 0.7527 0.759 0.764 0.756
 Spain Europe 0.7319 0.7444 0.7281 0.7345 0.7554 0.7580 0.7266 0.7266 0.7325 0.742 0.738 0.746
 Sri Lanka South Asia 0.7199 0.7230 0.7371 0.7402 0.7458 0.7212 0.7122 0.7019 0.6903 0.686 0.673 0.669
 Suriname South America N/A 0.6794 0.6674 0.6726 0.6407 0.6395 0.6409 0.6369 0.6504 0.670 0.679 0.689
 Swaziland Africa N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.670 0.665 0.670
 Sweden Europe 0.8133 0.8146 0.8139 0.8139 0.8024 0.8044 0.8159 0.8129 0.8165 0.823 0.815 0.816
  Switzerland Europe 0.6997 0.6924 0.7360 0.7426 0.7562 0.7627 0.7672 0.7736 0.7798 0.785 0.776 0.755
 Syria Middle East N/A 0.6216 0.6181 0.6072 0.5926 0.5896 0.5626 0.5661 0.5775 0.568 0.567 0.568
 Tajikistan Central Asia N/A 0.6578 0.6541 0.6661 0.6598 0.6526 0.6608 0.6682 0.6654 0.675 0.679 0.678
 Tanzania Africa 0.7038 0.6969 0.7068 0.6797 0.6829 0.6904 0.7091 0.6928 0.7182 0.718 0.716 0.700
 Thailand Southeast Asia 0.6831 0.6815 0.6917 0.6907 0.6910 0.6892 0.6893 0.6928 0.7027 0.706 0.699 0.694
 Timor-Leste Southeast Asia N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.6855 N/A N/A N/A 0.637 0.628
 Trinidad and Tobago North America 0.6797 0.6859 0.7245 0.7298 0.7353 0.7372 0.7116 0.7166 0.7154 0.720 0.723 N/A
 Tunisia Africa 0.6288 0.6283 0.6295 0.6233 0.6266 0.6255 N/A N/A 0.6272 0.634 0.636 0.651
 Turkey Middle East and Europe 0.5850 0.5768 0.5853 0.5828 0.5876 0.5954 0.6015 0.6081 0.6183 0.624 0.623 0.625
 Uganda Africa 0.6797 0.6833 0.6981 0.7067 0.7169 0.7220 0.7228 0.7086 0.6821 0.708 0.704 0.721
 Ukraine Europe 0.6797 0.6790 0.6856 0.6896 0.6869 0.6861 0.6894 0.6935 0.7056 0.702 0.7 0.705
 United Arab Emirates Middle East 0.5919 0.6184 0.6220 0.6198 0.6397 0.6454 0.6392 0.6372 0.6436 0.646 0.639 0.649
 United Kingdom Europe 0.7365 0.7441 0.7366 0.7402 0.7460 0.7462 0.7433 0.7440 0.7383 0.758 0.752 0.770
 United States North America 0.7042 0.7002 0.7179 0.7173 0.7411 0.7412 0.7373 0.7392 0.7463 0.740 0.722 0.718
 Uruguay South America 0.6549 0.6608 0.6907 0.6936 0.6897 0.6907 0.6745 0.6803 0.6871 0.679 0.681 0.710
 Venezuela South America 0.6664 0.6797 0.6875 0.6839 0.6863 0.6861 0.7060 0.7060 0.6851 0.691 0.694 0.706
 Vietnam Southeast Asia N/A 0.6889 0.6778 0.6802 0.6776 0.6732 0.6867 0.6863 0.6915 0.687 0.7 0.698
 Yemen Middle East 0.4595 0.4510 0.4664 0.4609 0.4603 0.4873 0.5054 0.5128 0.5145 0.484 0.516 0.516
 Zambia Africa 0.6360 0.6288 0.6205 0.6310 0.6293 0.6300 0.6279 0.6312 0.6364 0.650 N/A N/A
 Zimbabwe Africa 0.6461 0.6464 0.6485 0.6518 0.6574 0.6607 N/A N/A 0.7013 0.709 0.71 0.717

Controversies

There are controversies around credibility of the index,[12][13] stemmed mostly from misunderstandings. On 2014, for example, one of the most famous television news programs[which?] in South Korea described the reason why South Korea had such a low rank.[14] According to the news, some of the raw data used to calculate the index do not reflect the country's unique situation accurately, and that partially accounts for their rank. This conclusion is, while not entirely wrong, somewhat misleading. Since the final index is calculated by weighted averages of fourteen ratios, tweaking one or two ratios to be a little bit higher does not affect the result much.[15]

The index is designed to "measure gender-based gaps in access to resources and opportunities in countries rather than the actual levels of the available resources and opportunities in those countries."[10] It is not necessarily true that highly developed countries should have higher scores.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Years of report publication. Values may reflect data collected the previous year.

References

  1. ^ "Global Gender Gap Report 2017". Global Gender Gap Report 2017. Retrieved 2018-05-11.
  2. ^ Ricardo Hausmann, Harvard University, Laura D. Tyson, University of California, Berkeley, Saadia Zahidi, World Economic Forum, Editors (2009). "The Global Gender Gap Report 2009" (PDF). World Economic Forum, Geneva, Switzerland. p. 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2013. Retrieved 2009-11-02. (...) the Index rewards countries that reach the point where outcomes for women equal those for men, but it neither rewards nor penalizes cases in which women are outperforming men in particular variables {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ a b 2008 Report, p. 24
  4. ^ 2014 report, page 5
  5. ^ 2008 Report, p. 5
  6. ^ 2016 Report, Page 6
  7. ^ http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GenderGap_Report_2012.pdf
  8. ^ "The Global Gender Gap Report 2013" (PDF). World Economic Forum. pp. 12–13.
  9. ^ "Global Gender Gap Report 2014 - Reports - World Economic Forum". Global Gender Gap Report 2014.
  10. ^ a b c "Global Gender Gap Report 2017 - Rankings". World Economic Forum. Retrieved 17 November 2017. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  11. ^ "Global Gender Gap Report 2015 - Rankings". World Economic Forum. Archived from the original on 17 April 2016. Retrieved 28 April 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  12. ^ "Is WEF's South Korea's Gender Equality Ranking really worse than Afghanistan, Saudi Arabia, and Burkina Faso, etc?". reddit.
  13. ^ "Why the U.S. is losing the global fight for gender equality". fortune.com.
  14. ^ "FactCheck: South Korea ranked 117th. Is that accurate?". YouTube.
  15. ^ 2016 report, page 5

Reports

  • Ricardo Hausmann; Laura D. Tyson; Yasmina Bekhouche; Saadia Zahidi (2014). The Global Gender Gap Index 2014 (PDF). World Economic Forum, Geneva, Switzerland. Retrieved 2014-11-26.
  • Ricardo Hausmann, Laura D. Tyson, Saadia Zahidi, Editors (2013). The Global Gender Gap Report 2013 (PDF). World Economic Forum, Geneva, Switzerland. Retrieved 2013-10-26. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Ricardo Hausmann, Laura D. Tyson, Saadia Zahidi, Editors (2012). The Global Gender Gap Report 2012 (PDF). World Economic Forum, Geneva, Switzerland. Retrieved 2012-10-26. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • The Global Gender Gap Report 2010 (PDF).
  • Ricardo Hausmann, Laura D. Tyson, Saadia Zahidi, Editors (2010). The Global Gender Gap Report 2010 (PDF). World Economic Forum, Geneva, Switzerland. Retrieved 2010-10-20. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Ricardo Hausmann, Laura D. Tyson, Saadia Zahidi, Editors (2009). The Global Gender Gap Report 2009 (PDF). World Economic Forum, Geneva, Switzerland. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-04-05. Retrieved 2009-11-02. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Ricardo Hausmann, Laura D. Tyson, Saadia Zahidi, Editors (2008). The Global Gender Gap Report 2008 (PDF). World Economic Forum, Geneva, Switzerland. Retrieved 2008-11-19. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Ricardo Hausmann, Laura D. Tyson, Saadia Zahidi, Editors (2007). The Global Gender Gap Report 2007 (PDF). World Economic Forum, Geneva, Switzerland. Retrieved 2008-11-19. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Ricardo Hausmann, Laura D. Tyson, Saadia Zahidi, Editors (2006). The Global Gender Gap Report 2006 (PDF). World Economic Forum, Geneva, Switzerland. Retrieved 2008-11-19. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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