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iMac

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Not to be confused with eMac.
iMac
The front face of a unibody Intel-based iMac
DeveloperApple Inc.
ManufacturerApple Inc.
Product familyMacintosh
TypeAll-in-one
Release date
  • PowerPC-based
  • August 15, 1998; 26 years ago (1998-08-15) (G3)
  • January 7, 2002; 22 years ago (2002-01-07) (G4)
  • August 31, 2004; 20 years ago (2004-08-31) (G5)
  • Intel-based
  • January 10, 2006; 18 years ago (2006-01-10) (plastic)
  • August 7, 2007; 17 years ago (2007-08-07) (aluminum)
  • October 20, 2009; 15 years ago (2009-10-20) (unibody)
  • November 30, 2012; 11 years ago (2012-11-30) (slim unibody)
  • October 16, 2014; 10 years ago (2014-10-16) (slim unibody with Retina 5K display)
Operating system
RelatedMac Mini, Mac Pro
WebsiteApple – iMac
File:Nafija55.jpg
iMac G3

iMac is a range of all-in-one Macintosh desktop computers designed and built by Apple Inc. It has been the primary part of Apple's consumer desktop offerings since its debut in August 1998, and has evolved through six distinct forms.[1]

In its original form, iMac G3 had a gumdrop or egg-shaped look, with a CRT monitor, mainly enclosed by a colored, translucent plastic case, which was refreshed early on with a sleeker design notable for its slot-loaded optical drive. The second major revision, iMac G4, moved the design to a hemispherical base containing all the main components and an LCD monitor on a freely moving arm attached to it. The third and fourth major revisions, iMac G5 and the Intel iMac respectively, placed all the components immediately behind the display, creating a slim unified design that tilts only up and down on a simple metal base. The fifth major revision (Summer 2007) shared the same form as the previous model, but was thinner and used anodized aluminum and a glass panel over the entire front. The sixth major revision (Fall 2012) uses a different display unit, omits the SuperDrive, and uses different production techniques from the older unibody versions. This allows it to be thinner at the edge than older models, with an edge thickness of 5.9mm (but the same maximum depth). It also includes a dual microphone setup, and includes solid-state drive (SSD) or hard disk storage, or an Apple Fusion Drive, a hybrid of solid state and hard disk drives. This version of iMac was announced in October 2012, with the 21.5-inch (55 cm) version released in November and the 27-inch (69 cm) version in December; these were refreshed in September 2013, with new Haswell processors, faster graphics, faster and larger SSD options and 802.11ac WiFi cards.[2]

In October 2014, the seventh major revision of the 27-inch (69 cm) iMac was announced, whose main feature is a "Retina 5K" display at a resolution of 5120 x 2880 pixels. The new model also includes a new processor, graphics chip, and IO, along with several new storage options.[3] The seventh major revision of the 21.5-inch (55 cm) iMac was announced in October 2015. Its main feature is a "Retina 4K" display at a resolution of 4096 x 2304 pixels. It has the same new processor, graphics chip, and IO as the 27-inch iMac, along with several new storage options.[4]

History

The announcement of iMac in 1998 was a source of controversy and anticipation among commentators, Mac fans, and detractors. Opinions were divided over Apple's drastic changes to the Macintosh hardware. At the time, Apple had suffered a series of setbacks as consumers increasingly opted for Wintel (Windows PCs) machines instead of Apple's Performa models. Many in the industry thought that "beleaguered Apple" would soon be forced to start selling computers with a custom interface built on top of one or more potential operating system bases, such as Taligent, Solaris, or Windows 98.[5]

Part of Apple's effort to maintain the Mac platform was trying to improve its retail strategy.[citation needed] To this end, Apple secured a deal with CompUSA to set up a "store within a store" section at many CompUSA locations.[6] As these stores developed, however, they became a detriment to Apple sales, as CompUSA employees were unfamiliar with the Macintosh and directed customers to Wintel boxes instead.[7]

The designer behind iMac's case was Jonathan Ive.[8]

Ken Segall was an employee at an L.A. ad agency handling Apple's account who came up with the name "iMac" and pitched it to Steve Jobs. Jobs wanted the product to be called "MacMan", but eventually warmed to Segall's suggestion.[9] Segall says that the "i" stands for "Internet",[10] but also represents the product as a personal and revolutionary device ('i' for "individuality" and "innovation").[11] Apple later adopted the 'i' prefix across its consumer hardware and software lines, such as iPod, iBook (later MacBook), iPhone, iPad and various pieces of software such as the iLife suite and iWork and the company's media player/store, iTunes.

Attention was given to the out-of-box experience: the user needed to go through only two steps to set up and connect to the Internet. "There's no step 3!" was the catch-phrase in a popular iMac commercial narrated by actor Jeff Goldblum.[12] Another commercial, dubbed "Simplicity Shootout", pitted seven-year-old Johann Thomas and his border collie Brodie, with an iMac, against Adam Taggart, a Stanford University MBA student, with an HP Pavilion 8250, in a race to set up their computers. Johann and Brodie finished in 8 minutes and 15 seconds,[13] whereas Adam was still working on it by the end of the commercial.

File:Apple iMac Backside (16026614026).jpg
Backside of iMac

Updates

By 2005, it had become more and more apparent that IBM's development for the desktop implementation of PowerPC was grinding to a halt. Apple announced at the Worldwide Developers Conference that it would be switching the Macintosh to the x86 architecture and Intel's line of Core processors. The first Intel-equipped Macs were unveiled on January 10, 2006: the Intel iMac and the introductory MacBook Pro. Within nine months, Apple had smoothly transitioned the entire Macintosh line to Intel. One of the highly touted side benefits of this switch was the ability to run Windows on Mac hardware.

The timeline of iMac from 1998 to 2015, comparing it with the original Macintosh 128K (1984). This chart shows the change of the physical characteristics and appearance of the product.

On July 27, 2010, Apple updated its line of iMacs to feature the new Intel Core "i-series" processors across the line. The 21.5" models now feature the Core i3 processor, but these are upgradable to the Core i5. The high end 27" features a Quad-Core i5 processor, which is upgradable to a Quad-Core i7. On this date Apple also announced its new "Apple Magic Trackpad" peripheral, a trackpad similar to that of MacBook Pro for use with iMac or any other Apple computer. Apple also introduced a AA NiMH battery charger intended to simplify the use of batteries in these peripherals. Apple offers an option to use a solid state drive instead of a large mechanical drive.

On May 3, 2011, Apple updated its iMac line with the introduction of Intel Thunderbolt technology and Intel Core i5 and i7 Sandy Bridge processors as well as a 1 mega pixel high definition FaceTime camera, features which were first introduced in the MacBook Pro line in February 2011.[14]

On October 23, 2012, a new iMac was announced (for a November/December release) with a substantially thinner edge, new Apple Fusion Drive, faster processors (Intel Core i5 and i7 Ivy Bridge) and graphics along with updates to the ports, but with the same overall depth (stand depth: 8 inches (20.3 cm)). To reduce the edge, the SuperDrive was removed on these iMacs.

On October 16, 2014, a new version of the 27-inch (69 cm) iMac was announced, whose main feature is a "Retina 5K" display at a resolution of 5120 x 2880 pixels.[15] The new model also includes a new processor, graphics chip, and I/O, along with several new storage options. This computer was designed with professional photographers and video editors in mind, with the 5K resolution allowing 4K video to be played at its native resolution in Final Cut Pro, with room for toolbars on the side.

Influence

The original iMac was the first legacy-free PC.[16] It was the first Macintosh computer to have a USB port but no floppy disk drive. Subsequently, all Macs have included USB. Via the USB port, hardware makers could make products compatible with both x86 PCs and Macs. Previously, Macintosh users had to seek out certain hardware, such as keyboards and mice specifically tailored for the "old world" Mac's unique ADB interface and printers and modems with MiniDIN-8 serial ports. Only a limited number of models from certain manufacturers were made with these interfaces, and often came at a premium price. USB, being cross-platform, has allowed Macintosh users to select from a large selection of devices marketed for the Wintel PC platform, such as hubs, scanners, storage devices, USB flash drives, and mice. After iMac, Apple continued to remove older peripheral interfaces and floppy drives from the rest of its product line.

Borrowing from the 1997 Twentieth Anniversary Macintosh, the various LCD-based iMac designs continued the all-in-one concept first envisioned in Apple's original Macintosh computer. The successful iMac allowed Apple to continue targeting the Power Macintosh line at the high-end of the market. This foreshadowed a similar strategy in the notebook market when the iMac-like MacBook was released in 2006. Since then, the company has continued this strategy of differentiating the consumer versus professional product lines. Apple's focus on design has allowed each of its subsequent products to create a distinctive identity. Apple avoided using the beige colors then pervading the PC industry. The company would later drift from the multicolored designs of the late 1990s and early-2001s. The latter 2001s saw Apple using anodized aluminum; glass; and white, black, and clear polycarbonate plastics among their build materials. Today many PCs are more design-conscious than before iMac's introduction, with multi-shaded design schemes being common, and some desktops and laptops available in colorful, decorative patterns.[17]

Apple's use of translucent, candy-colored plastics made millions in more sales and inspired similar designs in other consumer devices (e.g., kitchen countertop grilling machines; portable electronics; pencil sharpeners; and, video game consoles and peripherals (including the Nintendo 64, which was released in special edition 'Funtastic' colors)[citation needed]. Apple's later introduction of the iPod, iBook G3 (Dual USB), and iMac G4 (all featuring snowy-white plastic), inspired similar designs in other companies' consumer electronics products. The color rollout also featured two distinctive ads: one called 'Life Savers' featured the Rolling Stones song "She's a Rainbow" and an advertisement for the white version had the introduction of Cream's "White Room" as its backing track.

Reception

iMac has received considerable critical acclaim, including praise from technology columnist Walt Mossberg as the "Gold Standard of desktop computing";[18] Forbes magazine described the original candy-colored line of iMac computers as being an "industry-altering success".[19] The first 24" Core 2 Duo iMac received CNET's "Must-have desktop" in their 2006 Top 10 Holiday Gift Picks.[20]

Apple faced a class-action lawsuit filed in 2008 for allegedly deceiving the public by promising millions of colors from the LCD screens of all Mac models while its 20 inch model only held 262,144 colors.[21] This issue arose due to the use of 6-bit per pixel Twisted nematic LCD screens. The case was dismissed on January 21, 2009.[22]

While not a criticism of iMac per se, the integrated design has some inherent tradeoffs that have garnered criticism. In The Mythical Midrange Mac Minitower, Dan Frakes of Macworld suggests that with iMac occupying the midrange of Apple's product line, Apple has little to offer consumers who want some ability to expand or upgrade their computers, but don't need (or can't afford) the Mac Pro.[23] For example, iMac's integration of monitor and computer, while convenient, commits the owner to replacing both at the same time. For a time before the Mac mini's introduction, there were rumors of a "headless iMac"[24] but the G4 Mac mini as introduced had lower performance compared to iMac, which at the time featured a G5 processor.[25] Some 3rd party suppliers such as Other World Computing provide upgrade kits that include specialized tools for working on iMacs.

Similarly, though the graphics chipset in some Intel models is on a removable MXM, neither Apple nor third parties have offered retail iMac GPU upgrades, with the exception of those for the original iMac G3's "mezzanine" PCI slot. Models after iMac G5 (excluding the August 7, 2007 iMac update) made it difficult for the end-user to replace the hard disk or optical drive, and Apple's warranty explicitly forbids upgrading the socketed CPU. While conceding the possibility of a minitower cannibalizing sales from the Mac Pro, Frakes argues there is enough frustration with iMac's limitations to make such a proposition worthwhile. This disparity has become more pronounced after the G4 era since the bottom-end Power Mac G5 (with one brief exception) and Mac Pro models have all been priced in the US$1999–$2499 range, while base model Power Macs G4s and earlier were US$1299–$1799. The current generation iMac has Intel 3rd generation i5 and i7 processors, ranging from quad core 2.7 GHz i5 to a quad core 3.4 GHz i7 processor,[26] however it is possible to upgrade the 2010 of iMac quite easily.[27]

Timeline of iMac and eMac models (sorted by screen sizes)
Mac StudioApple WatchiPadiPhoneMacBookMac MiniPower Mac G5iPodPower Mac G4 CubeiBookPower Macintosh G3iMac (Apple silicon)iMac (Apple silicon)iMac (Apple silicon)iMac ProiMac (Intel-based)iMac (Intel-based)iMac (Intel-based)iMac (Intel-based)iMac (Intel-based)iMac (Intel-based)iMac (Intel-based)iMac (Intel-based)iMac (Intel-based)iMac (Intel-based)iMac (Intel-based)iMac G5iMac G5iMac G4iMac G3#2nd generation: Slot-loadingiMac G4eMaciMac G4iMac G3
See also: List of Mac models
For more detailed timelines, see the articles for each individual generation.
Generation iMac G3 iMac G4 iMac G5 iMac (Intel plastic) iMac (Aluminum) iMac (Aluminum Unibody) iMac (Slim Aluminum Unibody) iMac (w/ Retina Display)
Slot loading iMac G3. iMac G4 Sunflower. iMac G5 Rev A. Polycarbonate iMac. Aluminium iMac. Unibody iMac. Slim edge unibody iMac. Retina 4K & 5K iMac.
Display 15″ (13.8″ viewable) CRT 15″, 17″, or 20″ LCD 17″ or 20″ LCD 17″, 20″, or 24″ LCD 20″ or 24″ LCD 21.5" or 27" LED-LCD 21.5" or 27" LED-LCD 21.5" or 27" LED-LCD
Processor PowerPC G3 PowerPC G4 PowerPC G5 Intel Core Duo/Intel Core 2 Duo Intel Core 2 Duo Intel Core 2 Duo/i3/i5/i7 Intel Core i5/i7 Intel Core i5/i7
Included HDD 4 GB to 60 GB[28] 40 GB to 160 GB 40 GB to 500 GB 80 GB to 750 GB 250 GB to 1 TB 500 GB to 2 TB or 256 GB SSD 1 TB to 3 TB HDD, 1 TB to 3 TB Fusion Drive or 256 GB to 1 TB flash storage 1 TB to 3 TB HDD, 1 TB to 3 TB Fusion Drive or 256 GB to 1 TB flash storage
Included Mac OS version[29] 8.1, 8.5, 8.6, 9.0, 9.1, 10.0 9.2, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3 10.3, 10.4 10.4 10.4, 10.5, 10.6 10.6, 10.7, 10.8 10.8, 10.9, 10.10 10.10
Release Date August 15, 1998 January 7, 2002 August 31, 2004 January 10, 2006 August 7, 2007 October 20, 2009 November 30, 2012 (21.5")/ January 2013[30] (27") October 13, 2015 (21.5") / October 16, 2014 (27")
Discontinued March 2003 July 2004 March 2006 August 2007 October 2009 October 2012 N/A N/A

References

  1. ^ Olivarez-Giles, Nathan (May 3, 2011). "Apple updates iMac line with quicker processors, graphics and Thunderbolt I/O". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved April 29, 2012.
  2. ^ "Apple Updates iMac". Apple. Retrieved September 24, 2013.
  3. ^ "Apple Introduces 27-inch iMac with Retina 5K Display". Apple. Retrieved October 16, 2014.
  4. ^ "Apple adds retina display to new iMacs". Brett Molina. Retrieved October 13, 2015.
  5. ^ "Apple Confidential: The Day They Almost Decided To Put Windows On The Mac Instead Of OS X!". Hancock ordered her staff to consider Microsoft's Windows , Sun Microsystems' Solaris, and even the ill-fated Taligent, which Apple had handed off to partner IBM in December 1995. Hancock was partial to Unix-based Solaris, while COO Marco Landi preferred cutting a deal for Windows NT.
  6. ^ "Apple snags deal with CompUSA".
  7. ^ "Desktop Critic: CompUSA: Apple's Not-So-Superstore".
  8. ^ Gladwell, Malcolm (November 14, 2011). "The Tweaker: The real genius of Steve Jobs." The New Yorker. p. 2
  9. ^ Hawley, Brenna (June 4, 2012). "Man behind iMac name: Simplicity drives business growth". Kansas City Business Journal. Retrieved March 30, 2013.
  10. ^ Raletz, Alyson (June 7, 2012). "Man who came up with iMac name tells what the 'i' stands for". Kansas City Business Journal. Retrieved March 30, 2013.
  11. ^ "The First iMac Introduction". YouTube. January 30, 2006. Retrieved July 6, 2011.
  12. ^ Jeff Goldblum. iMac Bondi 3 steps (Internet). Apple.
  13. ^ "iMac Review: It's a Mac". Washington Apple Pi. December 13, 1998. Retrieved July 6, 2011.
  14. ^ "Apple Announces New iMac With Next Generation Quad-Core Processors, Graphics & Thunderbolt I/O Technology". Apple. May 3, 2011. Retrieved July 6, 2011.
  15. ^ "Apple - iMac with Retina 5K display - Features". Apple Inc. Retrieved February 24, 2015.
  16. ^ "Compaq Hopes to Follow the iMac".
  17. ^ "Eight ways the iMac changed computing". Macworld. August 15, 2008. Retrieved August 27, 2008.
  18. ^ Walt Mossberg (November 30, 2005). "A New Gold Standard for PCs". All Things Digital. Retrieved June 29, 2007.
  19. ^ Jon Swartz (April 14, 2000). "Resurgence Of An American Icon". Forbes. Retrieved November 24, 2006.
  20. ^ Rich DeMuro (November 22, 2006). Must-have desktop: Apple iMac Core 2 Duo (24-inch, 2.16 GHz). CNET (Internet).
  21. ^ Apple sued over 20 inch iMac marketing being incorrect and using a less efficient screen type. Apple insider, March 31, 2008
  22. ^ Sanders v. Apple Inc., 672 F.Supp.2d 978 (N.D. Cal. January 21, 2009).
  23. ^ Frakes, Dan. "The Mythical Midrange Mac Minitower". Macworld. Retrieved July 6, 2011.
  24. ^ Bangeman, Eric (December 29, 2004). "Apple supposedly prepping cheap "headless iMac"". ARStechnica. Retrieved July 6, 2011.
  25. ^ Berger, Jennifer (January 26, 2005). "Mac mini: Perfect Bookshelf Box for Mac Minimalists". Macworld.
  26. ^ "iMac Technical Specifications". December 10, 2012.
  27. ^ Rawlins, Stephen (April 15, 2012). "Upgrade iMac Intel Core i3 CPU to Core i7". EnglandGreen.
  28. ^ "iMac (Summer 2001)".
  29. ^ "Mac OS X versions (builds) included with Intel-based Macs". Apple. April 21, 2010. Retrieved May 16, 2010.
  30. ^ "New 27-inch iMac orders won't ship until January | Macworld". Macworld. Retrieved January 15, 2013.
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