Qaumi Taranah

National Anthem

قومی ترانہ
National anthem of Pakistan
Lyrics	Hafeez Jallundari
Music	Akbar Mohammed, 1950
Adopted	1954
Audio sample
File:Qaumi Tarana Instrumental.ogg Qaumi Tarana (Instrumental) file help

Hafeez Jullundhri, author of the Quami Tarana, or Pakistani national anthem

The Qaumī Tarāna (Urdu: قومی ترانہ) is the National Anthem of Pakistan. The words "Qaumi Tarana" in Urdu literally translate to "National Anthem". The Pakistani national anthem is unique in that its music preceded its lyrics. At independence, on August 14, 1947, Pakistan did not have a national anthem. When the flag was hoisted at the independence ceremony it was accompanied by the song, "Pakistan Zindabad, Azadi Paendabad". The flag itself had only been approved by the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan three days earlier. Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan, asked Lahore-based Hindu writer, Jagannath Azad on August 9, 1947 to write a national anthem for Pakistan in five days. The anthem written by Azad was quickly approved by Jinnah, and it was played on Radio Pakistan. Azad's work remained as Pakistan’s national anthem for approximately eighteen months, despite competition from a rival attempt by B.T. Baghar. The current national anthem of Pakistan was written by a Muslim writer named Abu-Al-Asar Hafeez Jullundhri.

Composition

In early 1948, A. R. Ghani from Transvaal, South Africa, offered two prizes of five thousand rupees each for the poet and composer of a new national anthem. The prizes were announced through a Government press note published in June 1948. In December 1948, a National Anthem Committee (NAC) was formed, initially chaired by the Information Secretary, Sheikh Muhammad Ikram. Committee members included several politicians, poets and musicians such as Abdur Rab Nishtar, Ahmed Chagla and Hafeez Jullundhri. The committee had some difficulty at first in finding suitable music and lyrics.

In 1950, the impending state visit of the Shah of Iran resulted in the Government asking the NAC to submit an anthem without delay. The committee chairman, Federal Minister for Education, Fazlur Rahman, asked several poets and composers to write lyrics but none of the submitted works were deemed suitable. The NAC also examined several different tunes and eventually selected the one presented by Chagla and submitted it for formal approval. Chagla produced the musical composition in collaboration with another committee member and assisted by the Pakistan Navy band.

The music of the anthem was composed by Ahmed Ghulamali Chagla, with lyrics written by Abu-Al-Asar Hafeez Jullundhri. The three stanza composition was officially adopted in 1954. However, the music for the anthem had been composed in 1950 and had been used on several occasions before official adoption. The lyrics allude to a "Sacred Land" referring to Pakistan and a "Flag of the Crescent and Star" referring to the national flag. Unofficially, the anthem is sometimes referred to by its first line ["Pāk sarzamīn shād bād"] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help) (Urdu: "Blessed be the sacred land"). The national anthem is played during any event involving the hoisting of the flag, for example Pakistan Day (March 23) and Independence Day (August 14).

The anthem without lyrics was performed for Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan and later for the National Anthem Committee on August 10, 1950. Although it was approved for playing during the visit of the Shah, official recognition was not given until August 1954. The anthem was also played during the Prime Minister's visit to the United States. The NAC distributed records of the composed tune amongst prominent poets, who responded by writing and submitting several hundred songs for evaluation by the NAC. Eventually, the lyrics written by Jullundhri were approved and the new national anthem was first played properly on Radio Pakistan on August 13, 1954. Official approval was announced by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting on August 16, 1954. The composer Chagla had however died in 1953, before the new national anthem was officially adopted. In 1955 there was a performance of the national anthem involving eleven major singers of Pakistan including Ahmad Rushdi.

Flag anthem

The anthem was written by Jagannath Azad, a poet from Lahore who wrote on the personal request of Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Jinnah asked him to wrote the anthem on August 11, 1947 and it was later approved by Jinnah and used to be the official national anthem for the next year and a half.

According to Jagannath Azad,

"The National anthem was written by me in five days time. It was too short time for me but I tried to do full justice to it keeping in mind the road map charted by Jinnah sahib for modern Pakistan.The national anthem was sent to Jinnah sahib who approved it in a few hours. It was sung for the first time on Pakistan radio, Karachi (which was the capital of Pakistan then). Meanwhile the situation in both east and west Punjab was becoming worse with every passing day and the same set of friends told me in September 1947 that even they would not be able to provide protection to me and that it would be better for me to migrate to India. I decided to migrate to this side. The song written by me continued to be the national anthem for one and a half years."

Urdu	Transliteration	Translation
اے سرزمین پاک ذرے تیرے ہیں آج ستاروں سے تابناک روشن ہے کہکشاں سے کہیں آج تیری خاک تندی-ا-حاسدان پی غالب ہے تیرا سواک دامن وو سیل گیا ہے جو تھا مدتوں سے چاک اے سرزمین پاک اب اپنے عزم کو ہے نیا راستہ پسند اپنا وطن ہے آج زمانے میں سر بلند پوھنچا سکے گا اس کو نہ کوئی بھی اب گزند اپنا الم ا ہے چند ستاروں سے بھی بلند اب ہم کو دیکھتے ہیں اتارد ہوں یا سماک اے سرزمین پاک اترا ہے امتحان میں وطن آج کامیاب اب حریت کی زلف نہیں محو-ا-پیچ-و-تاب دولت ہے اپنے ملک کی بے حد-و-بے حساب ہوں گے ہم آپ ملک کی دولت سے فیض یاب مغرب سے ہم کو خوف نہ مشرق سے ہم کو باک اے سرزمین پاک اپنے وطن کا آج بدلنے لگا نظام اپنے وطن میں آج نہیں ہے کوئی غلام اپنا وطن ہے رہ-ا-ترقی پی تیز گم آزاد, بامراد جوان بخت شاد کام اب اتر بیز ہیں جو ہوائیں تھیں زہر ناک اے سرزمین پاک ذرے تیرے ہیں آج ستاروں سے تابناک روشن ہے کہکشاں سے کہیں آج تیری خاک اے سرزمین پاک	Aye sar zameen-i-Pak! Zare tere hain aaj sitaron se tabnak Roshan hai kehkashan se kahin aaj teri khak Tundi-e-hasdan pe ghalib hai tera swaak Daman wo sil gaya hai jo tha mudaton se chaak Aye sar zameen-i-Pak! Ab apne azm ko hai naya rasta pasand Apna watan hai aaj zamane main sar buland Pohncha sake ga is ko na koi bhi ab gazand Apna alm a hai chand sitaron se bhi buland Ab ham ko dekhtey hain atarad hon ya samaak Aye sar zameen-i-Pak! Utra hai imtehan main watan aaj kamyab Ab huriat ki zulf nahin mahiv-e-paich-o-taab Daulat hai apne mulk ki be had-o-be hisaab Hon ge ham aap mulk ki daulat se faiz yab Maghrib se hum ko khauf na mashriq se hum ko baak Aye sar zameen-i-Pak! Apne watan ka aaj badalne laga nizam apne watan main aaj nahin hai koi ghulam apna watan hai rah-e-taraqi pe tez gam azad, bamurad jawan bakht shad kaam ab itr bez hain jo hawain thin zehr naak Aye sar zameen-i-Pak! Zare tere hain aaj sitaron se tabnak Roshan hai kehkashan se kahin aaj teri khak Aye sar zameen-i-Pak!	O, Land of the pure The grains of your soil are glowing today Brighter than the stars and the galaxies Awe-struck is the enemy by your will-power Open wounds are sewn, we’ve found a cure O, Land of the Pure… New paths of progress, we resolve to tread Proudly, our nation stands with a high head Our flag is aflutter above the moon and the stars As planets look up to us be it Mercury or Mars No harm will now come from anywhere, for sure O, Land of the Pure… The nation has tasted success at last Now freedom struggle is a thing of the past The wealth of our country knows no bounds For us are its benefits and bounty all around Of East and West, we have no fear O, Land of the Pure… Change has become the order of the day No-one is a slave in the nation today On the road to progress, we’re swiftly going along Independent and fortunate, happy as a song Gloomy winds are gone, sweet freedom’s in the air O, Land of the Pure… The grains of your soil are glowing today Brighter than the stars and the galaxies

National anthem

The music composed by Chagla reflects his background in both eastern and western music. The lyrics are written in a highly Persianized form of Urdu. Every word in the entire anthem is a loanword from Persian except the word "ka" ( کا, "of" ). The anthem lasts for 1 minute and 20 seconds, and uses twenty one musical instruments and thirty eight different tones.

Urdu	Transliteration	Translation
:پاک سرزمین شاد باد کشور حسین شاد باد تو نشان عزم عالیشان ! ارض پاکستان مرکز یقین شاد باد	Pāk sarzamīn shād bād Kishwar-e-hasīn shād bād Tū nishān-e-`azm-e-`ālīshān Arz-e-Pākistān! Markaz-e-yaqīn shād bād	Blessed be the sacred land Happy be the bounteous realm Symbol of high resolve Land of Pakistan! Blessed be thou, citadel of faith
:پاک سرزمین کا نظام قوت اخوت عوام قوم ، ملک ، سلطنت ! پائندہ تابندہ باد شاد باد منزل مراد	Pāk sarzamīn kā nizām Qūwat-e-ukhūwat-e-`awām Qaum, mulk, saltanat Pā-inda tābinda bād! Shād bād manzil-e-murād	The order of this sacred land Is the might of the brotherhood of the people May the nation, the country, and the state Shine in glory everlasting! Blessed be the goal of our ambition
:پرچم ستارہ و ہلال رہبر ترقی و کمال ترجمان ماضی شان حال ! جان استقبال سایۂ خدائے ذوالجلال	Parcham-e-sitāra-o-hilāl Rahbar-e-tarraqqī-o-kamāl Tarjumān-e-māzī, shān-e-hāl Jān-e-istiqbāl! Sāyah-e-Khudā-e-Zū-l-Jalāl	This flag of the crescent and star Leads the way to progress and perfection Interpreter of our past, glory of our present Inspiration of our future! Symbol of the protection of God, Owner of Majesty

Timeline

• 1949 - Musical composition by Ahmad G. Chagla (running time, 1 minute 20 seconds)
• 1952 - Verses written by Hafeez Jullundhri, selected from 723 entries
• 1954 - Released on Radio Pakistan on 13 August. Singers of the anthem were: Ahmad Rushdi, Shamim Bano, Kokab Jehan, Rasheeda Begum, Najam Ara, Naseema Shaheen, Zwar Hussain, Akhtar Abbas, Ghulam Dastgir, Anwar Zaheer and Akhtar Wassi. Ali Rathore, Saif Ali Khan

Media

Recitation of the Quami Tarana: [1]

See also

• Flag of Pakistan
• Coat of arms of Pakistan
• Dil Dil Pakistan

External links

• Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of Pakistan. ""National Anthem"". Retrieved 2007-12-09.
• National Anthem of Pakistan