List of people who have received a state funeral
This is a list of people who have received a state funeral.
Africa
[edit]Algeria
[edit]Angola
[edit]Botswana
[edit]Burundi
[edit]Cameroon
[edit]Congo (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
[edit]Congo (Republic of the Congo)
[edit]Egypt
[edit]- Gamal Abdel Nasser (1 October 1970)
- Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (29 July 1980), Shah of Iran who died in exile in Egypt
- Anwar Sadat (8 October 1981)
- Hosni Mubarak (26 February 2020)
Ethiopia
[edit]Gabon
[edit]Ghana
[edit]- George Kingsley Acquah
- Abdul Wahab Adam
- Ebenezer Ako-Adjei
- Francis Allotey
- Kwesi Amissah-Arthur
- Kofi Annan
- Vincent Cyril Richard Arthur Charles Crabbe
- W. E. B. Du Bois
- Emmanuel Evans-Anfom
- Mary Grant
- Aliu Mahama
- Joseph Henry Mensah
- John Atta Mills
- J. H. Kwabena Nketia
- Kwame Nkrumah
- Paul Victor Obeng
- William Ofori Atta
- Atukwei Okai
- Victor Owusu
- Nathan Quao
- Emmanuel Charles Quist
- Jerry Rawlings
Ivory Coast
[edit]Kenya
[edit]- Mzee Jomo Kenyatta
- Lucy Kibaki
- Wangari Maathai
- Wahome Gakuru
- Joyce Laboso
- Daniel arap Moi
- Mwai Kibaki
Malawi
[edit]Mozambique
[edit]Namibia
[edit]Somalia
[edit]South Africa
[edit]- George Bizos
- Mangosuthu Buthelezi
- Collins Chabane
- Eddie Daniels
- Chris Hani
- Nkosi Johnson
- Pius Langa
- Nelson Mandela
- Winnie Mandela
- Isaac Lesiba Maphotho
- Richard Maponya
- Ivy Matsepe-Casaburri
- Govan Mbeki
- Senzo Meyiwa
- Raymond Mhlaba
- Andrew Mlangeni
- Joe Modise
- Edna Molewa
- Ruth Mompati
- Elias Motsoaledi
- Beyers Naudé
- John Nkadimeng
- Alfred Nzo
- Vejaynand Ramlakan
- King Maxhoba Sandile
- Joseph Shabalala
- King Xolilizwe Sigcawu
- King Zwelonke Sigcawu
- King Zanozuko Sigcau
- Albertina Sisulu
- Walter Sisulu
- Thembile Skweyiya
- Zola Skweyiya
- Makhenkesi Stofile
- Steve Tshwete
- King Victor Thulare III
- Desmond Tutu
- Marais Viljoen
- Joost van der Westhuizen
- Chester Williams
- Goodwill Zwelithini
South Sudan
[edit]Tanzania
[edit]Tunisia
[edit]Uganda
[edit]Zambia
[edit]Zimbabwe
[edit]Americas
[edit]Argentina
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Funeral_de_kirchner_desde_arriba.jpg/220px-Funeral_de_kirchner_desde_arriba.jpg)
- In 1952 Eva Perón died at age 33[2]
- Raul Alfonsín
- Argentina's former President and Secretary General of UNASUR, Néstor Kirchner, died of heart failure on the morning of 27 October 2010, at the age of 60.[3][4]
- Argentinian football legend Diego Maradona
Barbados
[edit]- Former Barbados Premier and West Indies Federation Prime Minister Grantley Adams[5]
- Former Barbados Prime Minister Tom Adams[6]
- Former Barbados Prime Minister Errol Barrow[7]
- Former Barbados Prime Minister Harold Bernard St. John[8]
- Former Barbados Prime Minister David Thompson.[9]
- Former Barbados Prime Minister Owen Arthur[10]
- Former Barbados Prime Minister Lloyd Erskine Sandiford[11]
Brazil
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Jose_Alencar_Velorio1.jpg/220px-Jose_Alencar_Velorio1.jpg)
- State funerals were held for the President-elect of Brazil, Tancredo Neves, who died before taking office.
- The former Vice President of Brazil, José Alencar, was also buried with a head of state's honor, after his passing due to cancer.
- Other than heads of state, personalities such as the Formula 1 racing champion Ayrton Senna, dead in 1994 after a crash during a race,
- The architect Oscar Niemeyer, who died in 2012 at the age of 104
- The legendary footballer Pelé, who died in 2022 at the age of 82
Canada
[edit]- In August 2011, in a rare circumstance, Prime Minister Stephen Harper offered a state funeral for his political adversary and Leader of the Opposition, Jack Layton. Layton died of cancer three months after his New Democratic Party became the official opposition, for the first time in his party's history.
- In 2014, former finance minister Jim Flaherty received a state funeral after his death.
Chile
[edit]- Salvador Allende (1990).
- Patricio Aylwin (2016).
- Sebastián Piñera (2024).
Cuba
[edit]- Fidel Castro, former President of Cuba, was given a state funeral on 4 December 2016.
Dominica
[edit]- Crispin Sorhaindo, former President of Dominica, was given a state funeral on 18 January 2010, in Roseau.[12]
Ecuador
[edit]- On 17 December 2008, the state funeral of former President of Ecuador León Febres Cordero was held in Guayaquil.
- On 16 November 2016, the state funeral of former President of Ecuador Sixto Durán Ballén was held in Quito.[13]
Grenada
[edit]- On 16 March 2012, a state funeral was held in St. George's for former Grenadian Prime Minister George Ignatius Brizan.[14]
Jamaica
[edit]- Reggae singer Bob Marley received a state funeral in Jamaica on 21 May 1981, which combined elements of Ethiopian Orthodoxy[15][16] and Rastafari tradition.[17]
- On 18 July 2004, a state funeral was held for former Jamaican Prime Minister Hugh Shearer in Kingston.[18]
- On 23 June 2019, a state funeral was held for former Jamaican Prime Minister Edward Philip George Seaga in Kingston.
Mexico
[edit]- Novelist Carlos Fuentes received a state funeral on 16 May 2012, with his funeral cortege briefly stopping traffic in Mexico City.[19]
- State funerals have also been held for former Mexican presidents.
- The most recent Presidential funeral was that of Miguel de la Madrid.
St Lucia
[edit]- Sir William George Mallet GCSL GCMG CBE (24 July 1923 – 20 October 2010) received a state funeral on 28 October 2010, in the capital Castries. Mallet was a politician who held a number of high offices in Saint Lucia, one of the Windward Islands of the Lesser Antilles in the Eastern Caribbean. On 1 June 1996, "Sir George" was appointed to the office of Governor-General of St Lucia.
The Bahamas
[edit]- On 4 September 2000, a state funeral was held in Nassau for former Bahamian Prime Minister Sir Lynden Pindling.[20]
- On 5 January 2012, a state funeral was held in Nassau for former Bahamian Governor-General Sir Clifford Darling.[21]
United States
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Photograph_of_the_caisson_bearing_the_flag-draped_casket_of_President_John_F._Kennedy_leaving_the_White_House..._-_NARA_-_200455.jpg/210px-Photograph_of_the_caisson_bearing_the_flag-draped_casket_of_President_John_F._Kennedy_leaving_the_White_House..._-_NARA_-_200455.jpg)
In the United States, state funerals are held in the nation's capital, Washington, D.C., and involve military spectacle, ceremonial pomp, and religious observance. As the highest possible honor bestowed upon a person posthumously, state funerals are an entitlement offered to a sitting or former President of the United States, a President-elect, as well as other people designated by the President.[22][23] Administered by the Military District of Washington (MDW), state funerals are greatly influenced by protocol, steeped in tradition, and rich in history. However, the overall planning as well as the decision to hold a state funeral, is largely determined by the President before his death and the First Family.[24]
State funerals have been held in Washington D.C. for:
- William Henry Harrison (1841),[25]
- Zachary Taylor (1850),[25]
- Abraham Lincoln (1865),[26] Thaddeus Stevens (1868),[27]
- James A. Garfield (1881),[25]
- William McKinley (1901),[25]
- Warren G. Harding (1923),[25]
- the Unknown Soldier of World War I (1921),[28]
- William Howard Taft (1930),[29]
- John J. Pershing (1948),[30]
- the Unknown Soldiers of World War II and the Korean War (1958),[31]
- John F. Kennedy (1963),[32]
- Douglas MacArthur (1964),[33]
- Herbert Hoover (1964),[34]
- Dwight D. Eisenhower (1969),[35]
- Lyndon B. Johnson (1973),[36]
- Ronald Reagan (2004),[37]
- Gerald Ford (2006–2007),[38]
- George H. W. Bush (2018),[39]
- Ruth Bader Ginsburg (2020).[40]
Venezuela
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Capilla_Ardiente_-_FLA.jpg/210px-Capilla_Ardiente_-_FLA.jpg)
- Francisco Linares Alcántara (1878),[41]
- Juan Vicente Gómez (1935),
- Carlos Delgado Chalbaud (1950),
- Rómulo Gallegos (1969),
- Raúl Leoni (1972),
- Eleazar López Contreras (1973),[42]
- Rómulo Betancourt (1981),
- Hugo Chávez (2013).
Asia and Oceania
[edit]Australia
[edit]- In rare occasions a Commonwealth state funeral is offered to people outside politics but who made a significant contribution to the nation, for example Sir Douglas Mawson was granted a Commonwealth state funeral in 1958.[43]
- Military state funerals are offered to former senior officers of the Australian Defence Force, for example Field Marshall Sir Thomas Blamey
- The Unknown Soldier was given a Commonwealth military state funeral on 11 November 1993, before being interred in the Hall of Memory at the Australian War Memorial.
New South Wales
[edit]- The first state funeral in New South Wales was accorded to statesman William Wentworth on 6 May 1873.[44]
- Some former governors who had previous military service were given military state funerals, for example Rear Admiral Sir David Martin and Air Marshal Sir James Rowland.
- On 27 November 2007, Bernie Banton, a campaigner for asbestos victims who worked for James Hardie, lost his battle with mesothelioma, an asbestos-related disease. His family was offered a state funeral by NSW premier Morris Iemma.
- Country singer Slim Dusty - 2003
Queensland
[edit].Australian bushman and entrepreneur R.M Williams 2003
Victoria
[edit]Victoria has held the most state funerals in Australia, including:
- Explorers Robert O'Hara Burke and William John Wills received Victoria's first (and Australia's second) state funeral on January 21, 1863.[45]
- Broadcaster Peter Evans (1985)
- Australian rules football player Ted Whitten (1995)
- Race-car driver Peter Brock (2006)
- Actor Charles 'Bud' Tingwell (2009)
- Australian Rules football player and charity worker Jim Stynes (2012)
- Australian Rules football player and media personality Lou Richards (2017)
- Cricketer Shane Warne (2022)[46]
- The Seekers' singer Judith Durham (2022)[47][48]
- Actress and singer Olivia Newton-John (2022)[49]
- Federal Politician Peter Reith (2022)[50][51]
- Catholic priest and community worker Bob Maguire (2023)[52][53][54]
- Comedian and media personality Barry Humphries (2023)[55]
South Australia
[edit]State funerals are generally offered to former Governors, Premiers, Deputy Premiers, Speakers of the House of Assembly, Chief Justices and other senior public officials.
- Surveyor General Lieutenant Colonel William Light (1786–1839) received South Australia's, and Australia's, first state funeral on October 10, 1839.[56]
Western Australia
[edit]The offer of a state funeral is a decision of the Cabinet.
Tasmania
[edit]State funerals are generally offered to former Governors, Premiers, Deputy Premiers, Speakers of the House of Assembly, Chief Justices and other senior public officials.
Australian Capital Territory
[edit]The offer of a state funeral is at the discretion of the Chief Minister. People who have received state funerals include:
- former chief minister Trevor Kaine
- Supreme Court judge Terry Connolly
- former chairman of the Canberra Commercial Development Authority Jim Pead
Azerbaijan
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%BC._%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0.jpg/220px-%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%BC._%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0.jpg)
- A state funeral was held for President Heydar Aliyev in 2003.
- Former president Abulfaz Elchibey was also accorded a state funeral upon his death.
Bangladesh
[edit]- Ziaur Rahman (1981)
- Khondaker Mostaq Ahmed (1996)
- Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayem (1997)
- Mohammad Mohammadullah (1999)
- Zillur Rahman (2013)
- Hussain Muhammad Ershad (2019)
- Shahabuddin Ahmed (2022)
Cambodia
[edit]Cambodia held state funerals for the following people:
- King Norodom Suramarit (1960)
- King Norodom Sihanouk (2012)
Republic of China
[edit]- By the Parliament of the Republic of China
- Cai E (1917)
- Huang Xing (April 15, 1917)
- Sun Yat-sen (June 1, 1929)
- By the Canton Military Government
- Cheng Biguang (March 2, 1918)
- Li Zhonglin (1920)
- Lin Xiumei (1921)
- Wu Tingfang (December 3, 1924)
- Liao Zhongkai (August 1925, 1935)
- By the Nanking Nationalist Government
- Tan Yankai (1930)
- Lu Shidi (1930)
- Li Yuanhong (1935)
- Duan Qirui (2 November 1936)
- Hu Hanmin (17 June 1936)
- Shao Yuanchong (9 March 1937)
- Zhu Peide (13 March 1937)
- Tang Jiyao (25 December 1937)
- Liu Xiang (14 February 1938)
- Xie Chi (6 May 1939)
- Lin Sen (August 1943)
- Cai Yuanpei (10 May 1947)
- Zhang Zizhong (May 28, 1940)
- Tong Linge (28 July 1946)
- Bo Wenwei, Chen Qimei, Zhang Ji, Hao Mengling, Li Jiayu, Qin Zhen (19 May 1948)
- Dai Jitao (April 1949)
- By the Government of Republic of China (Taiwan)
- Hu Shih (1962)
- Chen Cheng (1965)
- Chiang Kai-shek (1975)
- Chiang Ching-kuo (1988)
- Yen Chia-kan (22 January 1994)
- Teresa Teng (28 May 1995)
- 8 soldiers who died in the UH-1 tragedy (11 April 2007)
- 8 soldiers who died in 2020 ROCAF UH-60M crash, including Shen Yi-ming (14 January 2020)
- Lee Teng-hui (7 October 2020)
Hong Kong
[edit]British Hong Kong
[edit]- Edward Youde was given Hong Kong's first state funeral in 1986.[57]
Hong Kong post-1997
[edit]- Ann Tse-kai (2000)—Hong Kong – former Legislative Council, Executive Council of Hong Kong, Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Basic Law Committee, Hong Kong Affairs Advisor
- Wong Ker-lee (2004) – Hong Kong business man, founder of Winco Paper Products
- Henry Fok Ying-tung (2006)—Beijing and Hong Kong; Hong Kong businessman
India
[edit]- Presidents of India (died in office)
- Zakir Husain (1969)
- Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed (1977)
- Vice presidents of India (died in office)
- Krishan Kant (2002)
- Prime Ministers of India (died in office)
- Jawaharlal Nehru (1964)
- Lal Bahadur Shastri (1966)
- Indira Gandhi (1984)
- Former presidents of India
- Rajendra Prasad (1963)
- A. P. J. Abdul Kalam (2015)
- Pranab Mukherjee (2020)[58]
- Former Prime Ministers of India
- Charan Singh (1987)
- Rajiv Gandhi (1991)
- Morarji Desai (1995)
- Gulzarilal Nanda (acting prime minister) (1998)
- P. V. Narasimha Rao (2004)
- Chandra Shekhar (2007)
- V. P. Singh (2008)
- Inder Kumar Gujral (2012)
- Atal Bihari Vajpayee (2018)
- Union Cabinet Ministers (died in office)
- Ananth Kumar (2018)
- Former Union Cabinet Ministers
- Arun Jaitley (2019)
- Chief Ministers of India (died in office)
- Gopinath Bordoloi, Chief Minister of Assam (1950)
- Ravishankar Shukla, Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh (1956)
- Shri Krishna Sinha, Chief Minister of Bihar (1961)
- Bidhan Chandra Roy, Chief Minister of West Bengal (1962)
- Marotrao Kannamwar, Chief Minister of Maharastra (1963)
- Balwantrai Mehta, Chief Minister of Gujarat (1965)
- C. N. Annadurai, Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu (1969)
- Dayanand Bandodkar, Chief Minister of Goa (1973)
- Barkatullah Khan, Chief Minister of Rajasthan (1973)
- Sheikh Abdullah, Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir (1982)
- M. G. Ramachandran, Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu (1987)
- Chimanbhai Patel, Chief Minister of Gujarat (1994)
- Beant Singh, Chief Minister of Punjab (1995)
- Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy, Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh (2009)
- Dorjee Khandu, Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh (2011)
- Mufti Mohammad Sayeed, Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir (2016)
- J. Jayalalithaa, Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu (2016)
- Manohar Parrikar, Chief Minister of Goa (2019)
- Former Chief Ministers of India
- P. S. Kumaraswamy Raja, Former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu (1957)
- Tanguturi Prakasam, Former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu (1957)
- O. P. Ramaswamy Reddiyar, Former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu (1970)
- C. Rajagopalachari, Former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu and last Governor-General of India from 1948 to 1950 (1972)
- K. Kamaraj, Former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu (1975)
- M. Bhaktavatsalam, Former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu (1987)
- N. T. Rama Rao, Former Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh (1996)
- E. K. Mawlong, Former Chief Minister of Meghalaya (2008)
- Jyoti Basu, Former Chief Minister of West Bengal (2010)
- M. Karunanidhi, Former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu (2018)
- N. D. Tiwari, Former Chief Minister of Uttarakhand (2018)
- Madan Lal Khurana, Former Chief Minister of Delhi (2018)
- Sheila Dikshit, Former Chief Minister of Delhi (2019)
- Sushma Swaraj, Former Chief Minister of Delhi (2019)
- Jagannath Mishra, Former Chief Minister of Bihar (2019)
- Babulal Gaur, Former Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh (2019)
- Tarun Gogoi, Former Chief Minister of Assam (2020)
- Kalyan Singh, Former Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh (2021)
- Mulayam Singh Yadav, Former Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh (2022)
- Parkash Singh Badal, Former Chief Minister of Punjab (2023)
- Former Chief Justices of India
- Y. V. Chandrachud (2008)
- Holders of the Bharat Ratna
- Mother Teresa (1997)
- Bhimsen Joshi (2011)
- Lata Mangeshkar (2022)[59]
- Former Union Ministers of State
- Gurudas Kamat (2018)
- Chief of Defence Staff (died in office)
- Former Chiefs of Staff of the Indian Armed Forces
- Former State Cabinet Ministers
- Nandamuri Harikrishna (2018)
- K. M. Mani (2019)
Other personalities who received a state funeral:
- Mahatma Gandhi (1948)
- Sivaji Ganesan (2001)
- Dr. Rajkumar (2006)
- Dashrath Manjhi (2007)
- Gangubai Hangal (2009)
- Sathya Sai Baba (2011)[61]
- Bal Thackeray (2012)[62]
- Sarabjeet Singh (2013)[63]
- Mohammed Burhanuddin (2014)
- Javare Gowda (2016)
- Kishori Amonkar (2017)[64]
- Shashi Kapoor (2017)[65]
- Sridevi (2018)[66]
- Dada Vaswani (2018)[67]
- Ajit Wadekar (2018)[68]
- Shivakumara Swami (2019)
- Vishwesha Teertha (2019)
- Pandit Jasraj (2020)[69]
- Bannanje Govindacharya (2020)
- Roddam Narasimha (2020)
- Vivek (2021)[70]
- Milkha Singh (2021)[71]
- Dilip Kumar (2021)[72]
- Puneeth Rajkumar (2021)[73]
- Rahul Bajaj (2022)[74]
- Shivkumar Sharma (2022)
Indonesia
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/State_Funeral_Procession_of_President_B._J._Habibie%2C_Jakarta_-_12_September_2019.jpg/240px-State_Funeral_Procession_of_President_B._J._Habibie%2C_Jakarta_-_12_September_2019.jpg)
State funerals has been arranged on the respective dates:
- Sudirman (30 January 1950)
- The seven victims of the 30 September Movement (5 October 1965)
- Sukarno (22 June 1970)
- Mohammad Hatta (15 March 1980)
- Hamengkubuwono IX (8 October 1988)
- Tien Suharto (29 April 1996)
- Suharto (28 January 2008)
- Abdurrahman Wahid (31 December 2009)
- Ani Yudhoyono (2 June 2019)[75]
- B. J. Habibie (12 September 2019)[76]
Iran
[edit]- Naser al-Din Shah Qajar (May 1896)
- Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar (January 1907)
- Reza Shah (May 1950)
- Ali Razmara (9 March 1951)
- Hassan-Ali Mansur (January 27, 1965)
- Mohammad Ali Rajai and Mohammad Javad Bahonar (30 August 1981)
- Ruhollah Khomeini (5 June 1989)
- Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani (23 October 2014)
- Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani (10 January 2017)
- Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi (26 December 2018)
- Qasem Soleimani (4 January 2020)
- Ebrahim Raisi (22 May 2024)
Japan
[edit]Formal state funeral
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/State_Funeral_of_Shinzo_Abe_20220927_%282%29.jpg/220px-State_Funeral_of_Shinzo_Abe_20220927_%282%29.jpg)
- Okubo Toshimichi (1878)
- Iwakura Tomomi (1883)
- Shimazu Hisamitsu (1887)
- Sanjō Sanetomi (1891)
- Prince Arisugawa Taruhito (1895)
- Prince Kitashirakawa Yoshihisa (1895)
- Mouri Motonori (1896)
- Empress Eishō (1897)
- Shimazu Tadayoshi (2nd) (1898)
- Prince Komatsu Akihito (1903)
- Itō Hirobumi (1909)
- Emperor Meiji (1912)
- Prince Arisugawa Takehito (1913)
- Ōyama Iwao (1916)
- Gojong of Korea (1919)
- Yamagata Aritomo (1922)
- Prince Fushimi Sadanaru (1923)
- Matsukata Masayoshi (1924)
- Sunjong of Korea (1926)
- Emperor Taishō (1926)
- Tōgō Heihachirō (1934)
- Saionji Kinmochi (1940)
- Isoroku Yamamoto (1943)
- Prince Kan'in Kotohito (1945)
- Empress Teimei (1951)
- Shigeru Yoshida (1967)
- Emperor Shōwa (1989)
- Shinzō Abe (2022)
Funeral where the state is involved
[edit]- Ōkuma Shigenobu (1922)
- Kijūrō Shidehara (1951)
- Yukio Ozaki (1954)
- Tsuneo Matsudaira (1954)
- Eisaku Satō (1975)
- Masayoshi Ōhira (1980)
- Nobusuke Kishi (1987)
- Takeo Miki (1988)
- Akira Ono (1990)
- Takeo Fukuda (1995)
- Keizō Obuchi (2000)
- Zenkō Suzuki (2004)
- Ryutaro Hashimoto (2006)
- Kiichi Miyazawa (2007)
- Takeo Nishioka (2011)
- Yasuhiro Nakasone (2020)
New Zealand
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Edmund_Hillary_State_Funeral.jpg/220px-Edmund_Hillary_State_Funeral.jpg)
- John Ballance (1893)[77]
- Richard Seddon (1906)[78]
- Sir William Herries (1923)[79]
- William Massey (1925)[78]
- Sir Joseph Ward (1930)[80]
- Harry Holland (1933)[81]
- Sir Frederic Truby King (1937)[78]
- Michael Joseph Savage (1940)[82]
- Tim Armstrong (1942)[83]
- Peter Fraser (1950)[84]
- The unidentified victims of the Tangiwai rail disaster (1953)[85]
- Sir Sidney Holland (1962)[86]
- Sir Walter Nash (1968)[87]
- Norman Kirk (1974)[88]
- Sir Keith Holyoake (1983)[89]
- Sir Robert Muldoon (1992)[90]
- Jack Hinton (1997)[91]
- The Unknown Warrior whose reinterment (from the Caterpillar Valley Cemetery on the Somme in France) took place on Armistice Day, 11 November 2004, and whose tomb at the New Zealand National War Memorial represents all New Zealand soldiers who died in war.[92]
- Sir Edmund Hillary (2008)[93]
- Sir Paul Reeves (2011)[94]
North Korea
[edit]State funerals are infrequent in North Korea.[95] Funerals, and who appears on official funeral committees, are considered important cues on power hierarchies of North Korean politics.[96] According to a tradition inherited from the Soviet Union, the chairperson of the funeral committee of a deceased leader of North Korea is beyond all doubt the next leader. This held true when Kim Il Sung died in 1994 and was succeeded by Kim Jong Il, who in turn was succeeded by Kim Jong Un in 2011.[97]
- Pak Tal[98]
- Jang Kil-bu[99]
- Ho Hon (1951)[100]
- Hong Won-kil (1976)[101]
- Nam Il (1976)[102]
- Choe Yong-gon (army commander) (1976)[103]
- Jang Chol-gu (1982)[104]
- Kim Il (1984), whose funeral committee consisted of 69 people.[105]
- Rim Chun-chu (1988), whose funeral committee consisted of 57 people.[106]
- Choe Tok-sin (1989), whose funeral committee consisted of 23 people.[107]
- So Chol (1992)[108]
- Kang Hui-won (1994)[109]
- Death and state funeral of Kim Il Sung (1994),[110] whose funeral committee consisted of 273 people.[111]
- O Jin-u (1995),[112] whose funeral committee consisted of 240.[113]
- Choe Kwang[114] (1997), whose funeral committee consisted of 85 people.[115]
- Kim Kwang-jin[114] (1997)
- Ri Jong-ok[114] (1999), whose funeral committee consisted of 60 people.[116]
- Kim Pyong-sik[114] (1999), whose funeral committee consisted of 18 people.[117]
- Jon Mun-sop[114] (1999)
- Choi Hong-hui (2002),[118] whose funeral committee consisted of 14 people.[119]
- Ri Tu-ik[114] (2002)
- Yon Hyong-muk[114] (2005), whose funeral committee consisted of 49 people.[120]
- Pak Song-chol[114] (2008), whose funeral committee consisted of 65 people.[121]
- Hong Song-nam[114] (2009), whose funeral committee consisted of 35 people.[122]
- Kim Jung-rin (2010), whose funeral committee consisted of 41 people.[123]
- Jo Myong-rok (2010),[124] whose funeral committee consisted of 171 people.[125]
- Pak Jong-sun (2011),[126] whose funeral committee consisted of 47 people.[127]
- Death and state funeral of Kim Jong Il (2011),[128] whose funeral committee consisted of 232 people.[129]
- Kim Kuk-thae (2013),[130] whose funeral committee consisted of 54 people.[131]
- Jon Pyong-ho (2014),[132] whose funeral committee consisted 89 of people.[133]
- Kim Yang-gon (2015),[134] whose funeral committee consisted of 70 people.[135]
- Ri Ul-sol (2015),[136] whose funeral committee consisted of 169 people.[95]
- Kang Sok-ju (2016),[137] whose funeral committee consisted of 53 people.[138]
- Ryu Mi-yong (2016),[139] whose funeral committee consisted of 11 people.[140]
- Kang Ki-sop (2017)[141]
- Kim Yong-chun (2018),[142] whose funeral committee consisted of 149 people.[143]
- Kim Chol-man (2018),[144] whose funeral committee consisted of 71 people.[145]
- Hwang Sun-hui (2020),[146] whose funeral committee consisted of 69 people.[147]
- Hyon Chol-hae (2022), whose funeral committee consisted of 184 people.[148]
Pakistan
[edit]Pakistan held the state funerals for the following people:
- Muhammad Ali Jinnah (1948) – Father of the Nation and the 1st Governor-General of Pakistan (1947–48): died in office[149]
- Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq (1988) – 6th President of Pakistan (1978–88) and 2nd Chief of Army Staff (1976–88): died in office[150]
- Mushaf Ali Mir (2003) – 9th Chief of Air Staff (2000–03): died in office
- Anwar Shamim (2013) – 3rd Chief of Air Staff (1978–85)
- Abdul Sattar Edhi (2016) – Philanthropist and founder of Edhi Foundation[151]
- Ruth Pfau (2017) – Physician who devoted more than 55 years of her life to fighting leprosy in Pakistan[152]
- Asghar Khan (2018) – 5th Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Air Force (1957–65)[153]
- Abdul Qadeer Khan (2021) – Nuclear physicist who is colloquially known as the "Father of Pakistan's atomic weapons program"[154]
Philippines
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Former_President_Fidel_V._Ramos_is_laid_to_rest_at_the_Libingan_ng_mga_Bayani_in_Taguig_City_on_August_9%2C_2022_%2856016%29.jpg/220px-Former_President_Fidel_V._Ramos_is_laid_to_rest_at_the_Libingan_ng_mga_Bayani_in_Taguig_City_on_August_9%2C_2022_%2856016%29.jpg)
The Philippines held the state funerals for the following people:
- Presidents of the Philippines
- Manuel L. Quezon (1944) – 2nd President of the Philippines (1935–44): died in office[155]
- Manuel Roxas (1948) – 5th President of the Philippines (1946–48): died in office[155]
- Elpidio Quirino (1956) – 6th President of the Philippines (1948–53)[155]
- Ramon Magsaysay (1957) – 7th President of the Philippines (1953–57): died in office[155]
- Jose P. Laurel (1959) – 3th President of the Philippines (1943–45)
- Sergio Osmeña (1961) – 4th President of the Philippines (1944–46)[155]
- Emilio Aguinaldo (1964) – 1st President of the Philippines (1899–1901)[156]
- Carlos P. Garcia (1971) – 8th President of the Philippines (1957–61)[155]
- Diosdado Macapagal (1997) – 9th President of the Philippines (1961–65)[157]
- Fidel V. Ramos (2022) – 12th President of the Philippines (1992–98)[158]
- Presidents of the Philippines that were given military honors in lieu of a state funeral
- Corazon Aquino (2009) – 11th President of the Philippines (1986–92)[157]
- Elpidio Quirino (reburial) (2016) – 6th President of the Philippines (1948–53)[159]
- Ferdinand Marcos (exhumation and burial) (2016) – 10th President of the Philippines (1965–86)[160]
- Benigno Aquino III (2021) – 15th President of the Philippines (2010–16)[161]
- Vice-Presidents of the Philippines
- Salvador Laurel (2004) – 8th Vice President of the Philippines (1986–92)[162]
- Cabinet Secretaries and Ministers
- Carlos P. Romulo (1985) – Secretary of Foreign Affairs (1968–84): died in office[163]
- Blas Ople (2003) – Secretary of Foreign Affairs (2002–03): died in office[163]
- Jesse Robredo (2012) – Secretary of Interior and Local Government (2010–12): died in office[164]
- Susan Ople (2023) – Secretary of Migrant Workers (2022–23): died in office[165]
- Senators of the Philippines
- Benigno Aquino Jr. (1983) – Senator of the Philippines (1967–72)
- Miriam Defensor Santiago (2016) – Senator of the Philippines (1995–2001; 2004–16)[166]
- National Scientists of the Philippines
- Perla Santos-Ocampo (2012) – National Scientist of the Philippines[167]
- Ramon Barba (2021) – National Scientist of the Philippines[168]
- National Artists of the Philippines
- Cesar Legaspi (1994) – National Artist of the Philippines for Visual Arts[a][169]
- Francisco Feliciano (2014) – National Artist of the Philippines for Music[170]
- Napoleon Abueva (2018) – National Artist of the Philippines for Visual Arts[171]
- Cirilo Bautista (2018) – National Artist of the Philippines for Visual Arts[172]
- Francisco Mañosa (2019) – National Artist of the Philippines for Architecture[173]
- Amelia Lapeña-Bonifacio (2021) – National Artist of the Philippines for Theater[174]
- Bienvenido Lumbera (burial) (2022) – National Artist of the Philippines for Literature[175]
- F. Sionil José (2022) – National Artist of the Philippines for Literature[176]
- Arturo Luz (burial) (2022) – National Artist of the Philippines for Visual Arts[177]
- Marilou Diaz-Abaya (exhumation and burial) (2022) – National Artist of the Philippines for Film and Broadcast Arts[178]
- Gawad Manlilkha ng Bayan (National Living Treasures Award)
- Lang Dulay (2015) – Weaving (T’nalak)[179]
- Yabing Masalon Dulo (2021) – Weaving (Ikat)[180]
- Other personalities who received a state funeral
- José Rizal (exhumation and reburial) (1912)[181]
- Jaime Sin (2005) – 30th Archbishop of Manila (1974–2005)
Singapore
[edit]A state funeral was arranged for the following people on their deathbed on the respective date:
- Ahmad Ibrahim (21 August 1962) – Minister of Health and Labour
- Yusof Ishak (23 November 1970) – 1st President of Singapore
- Benjamin Henry Sheares (May 12, 1981) – 2nd President of Singapore
- Wee Kim Wee (2 May 2005) – 4th President of Singapore
- S. Rajaratnam (25 February 2006) – former Deputy Prime Minister of Singapore
- Goh Keng Swee (23 May 2010) – former Deputy Prime Minister of Singapore
- Kwa Geok Choo (2 October 2010) – spouse of Lee Kuan Yew
- Lee Kuan Yew (23 March 2015) – 1st Prime Minister of Singapore
- S. R. Nathan (22 August 2016) – 6th President of Singapore
Another type of funeral in Singapore is a state-assisted funeral. Similar to a state funeral, the deceased may or may not be entitled to a ceremonial gun carriage, though he/she does not lie in state in the Istana. Such funerals are accorded to:
- Ong Teng Cheong (11 February 2002) – 5th President of Singapore
- Lim Kim San (20 July 2006) – former Cabinet Minister
- Toh Chin Chye (7 February 2012) – former Deputy Prime Minister
- Othman Wok (17 April 2017) – former Cabinet Minister
South Korea
[edit]Previously, there were national funerals (국민장) and state funerals (국장). However, in 2009, the funeral of Roh Moo-hyun was held as a national funeral and that of Kim Dae-jung as a state funeral. This sparked controversy over the formality of the funeral, and the revision of the law in 2011 merged the two types of funerals into the state funeral (국가장).
State funerals in South Korea are a mix of the Western and Korean funeral traditions, which are modern adaptations of the rites held in the funerals of Emperors of Korea.
The following individuals have received state or national funerals in South Korea;
- Empress Sunjeonghyo (1963)
- Park Chung-hee (1979)
- Kim Koo (1949)
- Yi Si-yeong (1953)
- Kim Seong-su (1955)
- Sin Ik-hui (1956)
- Chough Pyung-ok (1960)
- Yi Tjoune (1963)
- Ham Tae-young (1964)
- Chang Myon (1966)
- Chang Taek-sang (1969)
- Lee Beom-seok (1972)
- Yuk Young-soo (1974)
- 16 victims who died in the Rangoon Bombing (1983)
- Yi Bangja (1989)
- Choi Kyu-hah (2006)
- Roh Moo-hyun (2009)
- Kim Dae-jung (2009)
- Kim Young-sam (2015)
- Kim Jong-pil (2018)
- Roh Hoe-chan (2018)
- Roh Tae-woo (2021)
- 159 victims who died in the Halloween crush (2022)
Thailand
[edit]In Thailand, state funerals are mostly analogous to the royal funerals held for the monarch and members of the Royal Family. Royal ceremonies are also held for the cremation of the supreme patriarch and senior members of the Buddhist clergy.
Vietnam
[edit]A state funeral was arranged for the following people on their deathbed on the respective date:
- Huỳnh Thúc Kháng (1947)
- Hồ Chí Minh (1969)
- Nguyễn Lương Bằng (1979)
- Tôn Đức Thắng (1980)
- Lê Duẩn (1986)
- Phạm Hùng (1988)
- Trường Chinh (1988)
- Lê Đức Thọ (1990)[182]
- Hoàng Quốc Việt (1992)
- Nguyễn Hữu Thọ (1996)
- Nguyễn Văn Linh (1998)
- Lê Quang Đạo (1999)
- Phạm Văn Đồng (2000)
- Võ Văn Kiệt (2008)
- Võ Chí Công (2011)
- Võ Nguyên Giáp (2013)
- Phan Văn Khải (2018)
- Trần Đại Quang (2018)
- Đỗ Mười (2018)
- Lê Đức Anh (2019)
- Lê Khả Phiêu (2020)
- Nguyễn Phú Trọng (2024)
Europe
[edit]Andorra
[edit]- Antoni Martí, former prime minister of Andorra in 2023[183]
Belgium
[edit]- Albert I
- Baudouin
- Frank Swaelen
- Frank Van der Elst
- Gaston Eyskens
- Gaston Geens
- Herman Vanderpoorten
- Jean-Luc Dehaene
- Karel Poma
- Leo Tindemans
- Leopold I
- Leopold II
- Leopold III
- Pierre Harmel
- Wilfried Martens
- Willy De Clercq
Belarus
[edit]Denmark
[edit]- On 29 August 1945, two years after the German occupation force in Denmark had dissolved the Danish army and navy, a state funeral was held for 106 killed members of the Danish resistance at their execution site which was thus inaugurated as the memorial cemetery that would later become Ryvangen Memorial Park. While flags were flying half-mast throughout Copenhagen 106 hearses drove from the Christiansborg Riding Grounds through the city to Ryvangen, where bishop Hans Fuglsang-Damgaard led the funeral with participation from the royal family, the government and representatives of the resistance movement.[184]
Czech Republic
[edit]State funerals
[edit]- Alois Eliáš (2006)
- President Václav Havel (2011)
Funerals with state honors
[edit]- Otakar Motejl (2010)
- Karel Gott (2019)
Czechoslovakia
[edit]- Alois Rašín (1923)
- Lev Robert Melč (1934)
- Karel Kramář (1937)
- President Tomáš Masaryk (1937)
- Jan Masaryk (1948)
- President Edvard Beneš (1948)
- President Klement Gottwald (1953)
- Václav Nosek (1955)
- President Antonín Zápotocký (1957)
- Vítězslav Nezval (1958)
- Václav Kopecký (1961)
- President Ludvík Svoboda (1979)
Finland
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Mannerheims_funeral_parade_Helsinki.png/220px-Mannerheims_funeral_parade_Helsinki.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/UKK-hautajaissaattue-linna.jpg/220px-UKK-hautajaissaattue-linna.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Mauno_Koivisto_funeral_ceremony_%28Helsinki%3B_2017-05-25%29_27.jpg/220px-Mauno_Koivisto_funeral_ceremony_%28Helsinki%3B_2017-05-25%29_27.jpg)
82 people have been awarded the honour of state funeral, among them:
- 1921 Juhani Aho, author, the first person honoured with a state funeral in Finland
- 1926 Eino Leino, author and poet
- 1941 Kyösti Kallio, the 4th President of Finland
- 1944 Pehr Evind Svinhufvud, the 3rd President of Finland
- 1947 Vera Hjelt, member of Parliament, pioneer of work safety in Finland
- 1951 Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim, the Marshal of Finland and the 6th President of Finland
- 1952 Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg, the 1st President of Finland
- 1952 Miina Sillanpää, the first female minister in Finland
- 1956 Risto Ryti, the 5th President of Finland
- 1956 Juho Kusti Paasikivi, the 7th President of Finland
- 1957 Jean Sibelius, composer
- 1966 Hannes Kolehmainen, the first Finnish Olympic medalist (long-distance running)
- 1966 Wäinö Aaltonen, sculptor
- 1973 Paavo Nurmi, the most successful Finnish Olympic medalist (long-distance running)
- 1974 Sylvi Kekkonen, First Lady of Finland
- 1976 Armas Taipale, Olympic medalist (discus)
- 1980 Rafael Paasio, former Prime Minister and Speaker of the Parliament
- 1982 Ville Ritola, Olympic medalist (long-distance running)
- 1986 Urho Kekkonen, the 8th President of Finland
- 1987 Ella Eronen, actress
- 1989 Tapani Niku, Olympic medalist (cross-country skiing)
- 1990 Ahti Karjalainen, former Prime Minister
- 1992 Väinö Linna, author
- 1995 Väinö Valve, general
- 2000 Johannes Virolainen, former Prime Minister, Counsellor of State
- 2004 Kalevi Sorsa, former Prime Minister
- 2004 Adolf Ehrnrooth, General of the Infantry
- 2011 Harri Holkeri, former Prime Minister, Counsellor of State
- 2017 Mauno Koivisto, the 9th President of Finland
- 2023 Martti Ahtisaari, the 10th President of Finland
France
[edit]The state funerals (obsèques nationales) are awarded by decree of the President of the French Republic to especially eminent Frenchmen and women. It was held for:
- Victor Hugo (1885)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Hans_Meyer_-_Fun%C3%A9railles_de_l%27empereur_du_Br%C3%A9sil%2C_1891.jpg/220px-Hans_Meyer_-_Fun%C3%A9railles_de_l%27empereur_du_Br%C3%A9sil%2C_1891.jpg)
- Pedro II of Brazil (Brazilian national; 1891), Emperor of Brazil who died in exile in France[185]
- Georges Coulon (1912)
- Maurice Barrès (1923)
- Gabriel Fauré (1924)
- Paul Valéry (1945)
- Jacques Leclerc (1947)[186]
- Giraud (1949)[187]
- Albert Lebrun (1951)[188]
- Léon Blum (1951)[189]
- de Lattre de Tassigny (1952)[190]
- Colette (1954)
- Édouard Herriot (1957)[191]
- Aimé Césaire (2008)[192]
- Charles Aznavour (2018)
Ireland
[edit]Italy
[edit]- General Carlo Alberto dalla Chiesa, his wife Emanuela Setti Carraro and agent Domenico Russo, assassinated by the Sicilian mafia on 3 September 1982. In the front row among others are President Sandro Pertini and Prime Minister Giovanni Spadolini.
- Giovanni Spadolini (1994)
- Giovanni Leone (2001)
- Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (2016)
- Silvio Berlusconi (2023)
- Arnaldo Forlani (2023)
- Giorgio Napolitano (2023)
Lithuania
[edit]- 26 June 2010 - Algirdas Brazauskas - president of Lithuania
- 6 October 2018 – Adolfas Ramanauskas-Vanagas – leader of the Lithuanian resistance.
- 22 November 2019 – Zygmunt Sierakowski, Konstanty Kalinowski – leaders of the Polish, Lithuanian and Belarusian national revival and the leader of the January Uprising in the lands of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and other 18 partipaciants of the revival.
Malta
[edit]State Funerals have been held for presidents, prime ministers and archbishops.
- The last state funeral held for the President of Malta was that of Censu Tabone in March 2012.[193]
- The last state funeral held for the Prime Minister of Malta was that of Dom Mintoff in August 2012.[194]
Netherlands
[edit]- The royal funerals of Queen Wilhelmina, Prince Claus, Queen Juliana and Prince Bernhard are the only royal funerals that were denoted state funerals; previous royal funerals were considered private affairs.[195][196]
- The only non-royal Dutchman who is considered to have received a state funeral was Joannes van Heutsz in 1927.[197]
North Macedonia
[edit]- The largest state funeral was held in 2004 for President Boris Trajkovski and the funeral was attended by 47 foreign delegations.
- First prime minister of independent Macedonia Nikola Kljusev
- Singer Toše Proeski.
Poland
[edit]- Poland held a state funeral for President of Poland Lech Kaczyński and his wife, Maria Kaczyńska, on 18 April 2010, after he and 95 others perished in a plane crash.
Portugal
[edit]A state funeral in Portugal is regulated by a Government decree, later promulgated by the President of the Republic.
- King Carlos I of Portugal and Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal (1908)
- Sidónio Pais, 4th President of Portugal (1918)
- António Granjo, Prime Minister of Portugal (1921)
- João Pinheiro Chagas, Prime Minister of Portugal (1925)
- King Manuel II of Portugal (1932)
- Army Marshal Óscar Carmona, 11th President of Portugal (1951)
- Queen Amélie of Orléans (1951)
- Air Marshal Francisco Craveiro Lopes, 12th President of Portugal (1964)
- António de Oliveira Salazar, Prime Minister of Portugal (1970)
- Francisco Sá Carneiro, Prime Minister of Portugal (1980)
- Mário Soares, 17th President of Portugal (2017)
Russia
[edit]In Russia, during the time of the Soviet Union (1917–1991), the state funerals of the most senior political and military leaders were staged as massive events with millions of mourners all over the USSR. The ceremonies held after the deaths as Vladimir Lenin, Joseph Stalin, Leonid Brezhnev, Yuri Andropov and Konstantin Chernenko all followed the same basic outline. They took place in Moscow, began with a public lying in state of the deceased in the House of the Unions and ended with an interment at the Red Square. The most notable examples of such state funerals during the Soviet period of Russian history are the ceremonies that were held for Lenin and Stalin, and for the death and funeral of Leonid Brezhnev.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Dom_Soyuzov_B-Dmitrovka_Moscow.jpg/220px-Dom_Soyuzov_B-Dmitrovka_Moscow.jpg)
In the second half of the 20th century, whenever a General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union died, the event would first be officially acknowledged by Soviet radio and television. After several days of national mourning, the deceased would be given a state funeral and then buried. Soviet state funerals were often attended by foreign heads of state, heads of government, foreign ministers and other dignitaries from abroad. Following the death of General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev in 1982, there were five days of national mourning. Following the death of General Secretary Yuri Andropov in 1984, a four-day period of national mourning was announced.
The state funeral for a deceased General Secretary would be arranged, managed and prepared by a special committee of the Communist Party that would be formed for the occasion. As the funeral committee would normally be chaired by the deceased's successor, the preparations for Soviet state funerals were usually followed with great interest by foreign political scientists trying to gauge power shuffles within the Communist Party. The allocation of responsibilities during the funeral, appointment of pallbearers and positions within the order of precedence observed during the televised funeral ceremonies in Moscow could often be interpreted as a clue for the future position of Politburo members within the Party. When, after Brezhnev's death in 1982, Yuri Andropov was elected chairman of the committee in charge of Brezhnev's funeral, this was seen as a first sign by First World commentators that Andropov might be the most likely candidate for the position of General Secretary.[198] Prior to interment, the body of the deceased General Secretary would lie in state in the Pillar Hall of the House of the Unions which was decorated by numerous red flags and other communist symbols. The mourners, which usually would be brought in by the thousands, shuffled up a marble staircase beneath chandeliers draped in black gauze. On the stage at the left side of the Pillar Hall, amid a veritable garden of flowers, a full orchestra in black tailcoats would play classical music. The deceased's embalmed body, dressed in a black suit, white shirt and a tie, would be displayed in an open coffin on a catafalque banked with carnations, red roses and tulips, facing the long queue of mourners. A small guard of honour would be in attendance in the background. At the right side of the hall there would be placed seats for guests of honour, with the front row reserved for the dead leader's family.
On the day of the funeral, final ceremonies would be held at the Pillar Hall during which the lid of the coffin would be temporarily closed. The coffin would then be carried out of the House of the Unions and placed on a gun carriage drawn by a military vehicle. A funeral parade would then convey the coffin from the House of the Unions to the Red Square. Two officers led the funeral parade, carrying a large portrait of the deceased, followed by a group of numerous soldiers carrying red floral wreaths. A group of general officers would come next, carrying the late leader's decorations and medals on small red cushions. Behind them, the coffin rested atop a gun carriage. Walking immediately behind were the members of the deceased's family. The Politburo leaders, wearing red armbands, came next and led the last group of official mourners. At Brezhnev's funeral, the escort of official mourners included forty-four persons.
As the coffin reached the middle of the Red Square, it would be removed from the carriage and placed on a red-draped bier facing the Lenin Mausoleum, with its lid removed. After a series of funeral speeches, which were delivered by military and political leaders (typically including the deceased's successor as General Secretary, as well as 'ordinary' workers) from the balcony of the Lenin Mausoleum, the coffin would be carried in a procession around the mausoleum to the Kremlin Wall Necropolis just behind it. There, with the most senior mourners looking on, the coffin would be placed on a red-draped bier and the mourners would pay last respects. The coffin's lid would then be closed for the final time and the body lowered into the ground by two men, with handfuls of earth thrown onto the coffin by the senior mourners. The grave would be filled in immediately afterward, while the mourners were still present to watch. Gun salutes would be fired, sirens sounded around the Kremlin and the Soviet national anthem be played. This marked the end of the interment. The senior mourners would then return to the balcony of the Lenin Mausoleum to review a parade on Red Square while the military band would play quick marches. This concluded the state funeral.
With small deviations, the described protocol was roughly the same for the state funerals of Lenin, Stalin, Brezhnev, Yuri Andropov and Konstantin Chernenko. Lenin and Stalin were placed inside the Lenin Mausoleum while the others were interred in individual graves in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis located behind the mausoleum along the actual Kremlin wall. Stalin's body would lie beside Lenin's in the mausoleum until being moved to the Kremlin Wall Necropolis several years after his death.
In April 2007, the Russian Federation's first President Boris Yeltsin was buried in state funeral after church ceremony at Novodevichy Cemetery. He was the first Russian leader and head of state in 113 years to be buried in a church ceremony, after Emperor Alexander III of Russia. His funeral is the template for all state funerals held in Russia today, but with the addition of prayers at the moment of burial by representatives of the Orthodox Church. In November 2010, the Russian Federation's third Prime Minister Viktor Chernomyrdin was buried in a state funeral in a church ceremony at the Novodevichy Cemetery. He was considered the 3rd Prime Minister in the Russian Federation . In June 2015, the Russian Federation's 5th Prime Minister Yevgeny Primakov was buried in a state funeral in a church ceremony at the Novodevichy Cemetery.
Slovakia
[edit]- A state funeral was held for the former President Michal Kováč in 2016.
Spain
[edit]- A state funeral was held for caudillo Francisco Franco in 1975.
- A state funeral was held for the former primer minister Adolfo Suarez in 2014.
Switzerland
[edit]- In 1960, the funeral procession of Henri Guisan gathered more than 120,000 people in Lausanne.[199]
Sweden
[edit]State funerals since 1907
[edit]- Oscar II (1907)
- Queen Sofia of Nassau (1913)
- Queen Victoria of Baden (1930)
- Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten (1947)
- Gustaf V (1950)
- Dag Hammarskjöld (1961)
- Queen Louise Mountbatten (1965)
- Gustaf VI Adolf (1973)
- Tage Danielsson (1985)
- Prince Bertil, Duke of Halland (1997)
- Princess Lillian (2013)
Funerals with State Elements
[edit]- Nathan Söderblom (1931)
- Prime Minister Olof Palme (1986)
- Astrid Lindgren (2002)
United Kingdom
[edit]- Queen Victoria in 1901
- Edward VII in 1910
- George V in 1936
- George VI in 1952
- Winston Churchill in 1965
- Elizabeth II in 2022
Former Yugoslavia
[edit]- A massive state funeral was held for the late President Josip Broz Tito on 8 May 1980, in Belgrade, the capital city of the SFR Yugoslavia.
See also
[edit]- Abraham Lincoln's burial and exhumation
- "Black Jack"
- Burial at Sea
- Catafalque
- Death and funeral of Corazon Aquino
- Death and funeral of Bhumibol Adulyadej
- Death and state funeral of Elizabeth II
- Death and state funeral of Edward VII
- Death and state funeral of Fidel Castro
- Death and state funeral of George H. W. Bush
- Death and state funeral of George V
- Death and state funeral of George VI
- Death and state funeral of Gerald Ford
- Death and state funeral of Josip Broz Tito
- Death and state funeral of King Hussein
- Death and state funeral of Lech Kaczyński and Maria Kaczyńska
- Death and state funeral of Leonid Brezhnev
- Death and state funeral of Néstor Kirchner
- Death and state funeral of Omar Bongo
- Death and state funeral of Pierre Trudeau
- Death and state funeral of Queen Victoria
- Death and state funeral of Richard Nixon
- Death and state funeral of Ronald Reagan
- Death and state funeral of Nelson Mandela
- Death and state funeral of Sebastián Piñera
- Funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales
- Funeral of Pope John Paul II
Notes
[edit]- ^ Remains were subsequently removed from the Libingan ng mga Bayani on August 8, 2016.
References
[edit]- ^ Ould Ahmed, Hamid (September 19, 2021). "Former Algerian president Bouteflika given state funeral". Reuters. Retrieved September 20, 2021.
- ^ Ortiz.
- ^ "Murió el ex presidente Néstor Kirchner" [Former president Néstor Kirchner has died] (in Spanish). Buenos Aires: Clarín. October 27, 2010.
- ^ "Argentine ex-leader Kirchner dies — Americas". Al Jazeera English. Retrieved October 28, 2010.
- ^ "Unknown: The Burial of The Late Sir Grantley Herbert Adams, C.M.G., Q.C." British Pathé. Retrieved March 24, 2024.
- ^ "Prime minister of Barbados dies - UPI Archives". UPI. Retrieved March 24, 2024.
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